Unit 4 作业(十) SectionⅠ Starting out & Understanding ideas-【精讲精练】2024-2025学年高中英语选择性必修第四册知能达标训练（外研版2019）

@ 3.C 细节理解题。根据第三段中的“Situated within; 13.B根据下文中的“I my mom for giving me a delicate microclimates,the murals are extremely sensitive chance to immerse myself in the Chinese musical world." to changes in moisture and carbon dioxide."可知，莫高窟 可知，上文说的是，图尔克的妈妈提供机会(opportunity) 壁画所处的微气候是脆弱的，对湿气和二氧化碳的变化极 让他学习二胡。 度敏感。再结合第三段最后提到的“the complex lies in an l4.D根据下文“The music makes me feel relaxed..”可知， earthquake-prone zone(地震易发区)”可知莫高窟地理条 此处说的是感谢(thank)妈妈给自己提供的机会。 件也脆弱。由此可知莫高宿为壁画提供了一个不利的环 l5.C通读全文，尤其是第二段中的“Sometimes when I 境。故选C miss her.·play on the Internet.”及第三段中的“i 4.D推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“they have brought suddenly brought me back to my hometown in China" us closer to reconstructing the past and have driven us to 知，中国传统音乐治念(cure)了身处异国他乡的作者， become better caretakers of it.These living histories may still be incomplete,but they are far more complete than Unit 4 Everyday economics anything we could attempt on our own,”可知，作者认为罗 作业（十）Section I Starting out& 氏夫妇帮助我们重现过去，促使我们能更好地保护莫高 窟，虽然他们所重塑的历史尚不完整，但他们提供的记录 Understanding ideas 已非我们凭一己之力可及。因此可以看出，作者非常钦佩 [层级1基础知识自测] 罗氏夫妇，对他们所作的贡献给予了高度货扬。故选D。 I.1.forehead 2.consultant 3.bonus 4.distribution B一[语篇解读]本文是一篇说明文。文章通过讲述一些 5.dizzy 6.chairwoman 7.blank 8.purchased 具体的例子来倡导对世界遗产进行有效保护和可持续发展： II.1.to 2.guidance 3.upon 4.to accumulate 5.out 5.C 推理判断题。根据第一段第一句“Examples of 6.in 7.to live 8.consultant 9.enterprising 10.from effective conservation of places matter to the world. lll.1.it is our attitude to/towards life that 2.(should)be 其和第二句之间的关系可推知，第二句所列举的例子是在 taken at once to solve 3.Weather permitting 证明“遗产保护对世界很重要”这个观点，故选C IV.1.to 2.which 3.has overcome 4.to purchase 5.a 6.B鈿节理解题。根据第二段中的“This development 6.enterprising 7.are 8.welcoming 9.guidance project,close to the Historic Centre of Vienna 10.really launched a new design competition for the Wien Mitte [层级2素养能力提升] project to work out architectural plans with reduced size in .A [语篇解读]这是一篇记叙文。文章主要介绍了 keeping with World Heritage protection."可知，WHC之 Blake Mycoskie一生经商无数，最后卖掉了自己的5家公司 所以对Vien Mitte项目担忧是因为该项目对雏也纳历史 去阿根廷，本是放松身心，却又做起为穷苦孩子谋利益的 中心有不好的影响 生意 7.A细节理解题。根据第三段中的“The global discussion 1.A细节理解题。根据文章第一段的“Feeling a bit burned out that followed.detailing an approach to managing from work,Mycoskie decided to give it a break for a while and conservation and development”可知，这次全球讨论的焦，点 headed down to Argentina for some rest.”可知，感到工作比较 是详述世界遗产保护和发展的方法。 累，他决定放松一下，去阿根廷休息一阵。故选A 8.D写作意图题。根据第二段第一句“The following 2,D推理判断题。根据文章第二段最后一向可知，如果他 example shows how successes at specific sites now serve as 要求人们不断地为同一个孩子每六个月捐赠一双新鞋，捐 models for conservation and sustainable development."# 赠者尽管很同情孩子们的处境，但是也是会麦倦厌烦的。 结合对全文的整体理解可推知，本文旨在提侣对世界道产 故推测他没有成立慈善机构的原因就是慈善机构不可能 的有效保护和可持续发展。 持续地为孩子们捐赠鞋子。故选D。 Ⅱ，[语篇解读]本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者受母 3.A推理判新题。根据文章第三段推测他每卖出一双鞋就给 亲的影响，喜爱中国传统音乐。后来，作者在波士顿遇到了 无鞋可穿的孩子们一双，这样就可以持续地为他们供应鞋子 一群同样喜爱中国传统乐器的人，意外之余，作者感谢母亲 了。他建立TOMS公司是为了帮助那些穷孩子。To help 给了自己沉浸于中国传统音乐的机会。这不仅能够令作者 poor children.(蒂助那些穷孩子)符合以上说法，故选A。 放检身心，还能疗愈思乡之情 4.C推理判断题。根据最后一较的“TOMS is making a 1.C根据下文中的“by my mother on a zheng"可知，这里指 real difference to poor children all over the world and 妈妈用古筝弹奏(play): Mycoskie is enjoying being a businessman more than ever..”可知 2.B根据下文中的“she never had a chance to learn a(n)”可 TOMS公司在世界范围内对贫穷孩子都是起到了一种积极的 知，此处指作者的妈妈喜爱中国传统音乐，但(ut)没有学 作用，Mycoskie获得了作为商人非同寻常的成就感，故推测孩 习（中国）乐器(instrument)的机会 公司给了Mycoskie一种成就感。故选C 3.B参见上题解析 众 [语篇解读]本文是说明文，主要介绍身体语言在职 4.A根据上文可知，作者的妈妈会在家演奏中国传统音 场中的重要性，并给予读者一些建议。 乐，而作者身在波士颜，由此可推知作者从来没有(never) 5.C 期待过在外国听到中国的传统曲目】 段落大意题。由开头提问“Why is body language so important?”以及后续回答“Reliable studies have shown 5.C根据空后的of the erhu并结合常识可知，这里说的是 that.,and prepare for..”可知，本段主要述肢体语言的 演奏二胡的声膏(sound)。 重要性，我们应该非常重视肢体语言。故选C。 6.A根据下文中的“I heard the rehearsal for a 6.B推理判断题。根据第三段Amy Cuddy的话“People this year'”可知，林湛涛向作者介绍(introduce)了他的 can often make inferences from actions,and the results of 乐团。 7,B根据上文中的the rehearsal并结合语境可知，这里指 these inferences directly affect lives:for example,who will 的是演出(performance)排练. be employed and who will be promoted”可知，Amy Cuddy 认为人们通常从胜体语言判断一个人，身体语言影响他人 8.C根据下文中的“I went to one of Lin's classes 对我们的印象，并且这些判断结果直接影响生活，所以身 and met9 year-old London Turk."可知，教学(teach)也是 林日常生活的一部分，他把对二胡的喜爱传递给他的学生 体语言对我们来说很重要，国为它影响人们对我们的印 象。故选B (student) 7.C 9.D参见上题解析。 词义猜测题。根据下文“Instead,you should try to l0.D根据下文中的“It's much easier to learn than the keep your body relaxed.You can even stand with a violin”可知，这里问的是他为什么(why)选择学习二胡 relatively authoritative posture”,Instead表示转折，因此 1l.C根据下文中的“but his mother has always loved the 推断上文“Therefore,before interviews or important instrument”可知，上文就的是图尔克还没有开始欣赏 meetings,try not to lean on any object or have a hunched (appreciate)到二胡的美妙。 back”说明站立时不要依靠任何物体或者have a hunched 12.A根据下文中的“the music,the language,and the art'” : back,这里的“a hunched back”指“一个不好看的姿势”，因 可知，这些都是文化(culture)的一部分。 此推断画线词hunched指“弓身，弓背”。故选C。 17 k 8.A推理判断题。根据第二段的“In the real workplace, into play”可知，随着电子交易的发展，数据安全问题开始 body language is much more important than you think" 出现，所以电子交易会对数据安全构成成胁。故选C 最后一段的“Body language plays a crucial role in your job 4.C 推理判断题。文章最后一段中，Arvidsson将科技与修 interviews,careers,and everyday life,"可知，文章探讨的 路进行类比，以此来说明科技的重要性。故选C 是身体语言在职场中的重要注，且部分语句直接以第二人 B一[语篇解读]本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。作者通过讲述 称与读者交流，给出一些建议，因此推断文草的意向读者 自己的经历来说明新产品会浪费资源，而旧货店的商品质量 是职场新人。故选A。 很好而且有助于节约资源、保护环境，并希望说服更多的人 Ⅱ.[语篇解读]文章主要讲了Donut City的店主Stella生 去旧货店购物。 病了，她丈夫John Chhan每天卖完甜甜国就去疗养院看她， 5.B词义猜测题。根据第二段第二句“They may pity me, 为此他们的顾客每天很早就来排队买甜甜留，希望John or consider me poor,a failure..”可知，此处是指如果“我” Chhan能早点收工去陪伴Stella。 说“我”在旧货商店买东西，很多人会雕不起“我”。所以 l.B根据下文的“the taste'”可知，这些甜甜圈是美味的。故 despise意为“瞧不起”。故选B. 选B。 6.A推理判断题。根据第二段倒数第二句“Buying a house 2.A根据上文的“customers have been queuing at Donut and having enough money to live comfortably,to educate City”可知，此处指的是顾客排队买。wait in line表示“兼 your children and see them also live comfortably.are a big 队”。故选A part of the immigrant dream,”可知，塞浦路斯希腊族社区 3.D几周前顾客发现有，点不对劲。common普通的： 的人们想追求高标准的物质生活。故选A interesting有趣的：awkward笨拙的；wrong错误的。故 7.D细节理解题。根据第三段中的“But after watching the D。 documentary The True Cost I learned donated clothes that 4.C根据语境可知此处指的是Donut City的拥有者是 don't get sold are sent to developing nations,many of them Stella和John Chhan这对夫妇。owner拥有者，主人。故 ending up in landfills(拉圾填理地).”和第四段最后两句 选C 可知，新产品浪费资源，旧货店商品质量好，改支了作者对 5.B这对夫妇一直站在柜台后卖着甜甜圈。故选B. 去旧货店的想法。故选D。 6.C John Chhan告诉顾客Stella病了，然后在疗养院恢复。 8.B写作意图题。根据最后一段内容可知，作者写这篇文 故选C。 章的主要目的是说服更多的人去旧货店购物。故选B。 7.B一旦所有的甜甜周卖出去后，他就去看望他的妻子。 川，[语篇解读]本文是一篇说明文。文章主要给自主创业 故选B。 的人们提出了一些建议 8.D此处指Dawn Caviola是Donut City的一个粉丝。故：1.C 根据本文标题及下丈的几个小标题并结合空前内容可 选D。 知，本文讲的是创业的建议。分析选项可知C项（下面的 9.A如果每天早上有足够的人买他的甜甜圆，John Chhan : 这些建议也许能帮助你创业。)总括文章第一段的内容并 就能早点收店去陪伴他的妻子。故选A 引起下文中的建议，起承上启下的作用。故选C。 10.C此处指Caviola把他的想法发布在邻里的信息栏。 2.G根据小标题“做一份企划书。”及本段内容可知本段讲 故选C。 的是创业的第一个建议：做企划书。G项（如果你不拿出 11.A他们天没亮就开始出现了，去买甜甜围。turn up出 一份详细的企划书，银行是不会考虑货款给你的。)介绍了 现：put up张贴，搭建：take up开始从事：make up弥补。 企划书的重要性，与本段内容一致，说明了必须做企划书 故选A。 的原图，且G项中的“a detailed business plan”是对本段小 l2.B Jenee Rogers在过去的20年都是这家店的常客。故 : 标题中的“a business plan”和本段中的“a realistic business 选B。 plan”的复现。下一段第一句中的“Once you have 13.C地看到了当地人帮助Chhans这家人所微出的努力。 detailed business plan”也给出了提示。故选G 故选C 3.A根据本段中的“go and see the bank manager'”“shop 14.A此处指建立一个叫GoFundMe的主页筹钱帮助 around to find which bank offers the best deal”和“Make Chhans这家人。故远A sure what you're getting is right for you and your business." 15.D根据but可知此处指但是他们拒绝了。故选D。 知本段讲的是“找银行货款”，结合选项可知A项（获得资金。】 作业（十一）SectionⅡUsing language 符合本段主旨，能概括本段内容。故选A。 [层级1基础知识自测 4.E 根据本段内容可知本段提的建议是要熟悉相关法律 I.1.in 2.to 3.as 4.why 5.when 6.which 结合下文“can be understanding all the legislation”及达项 7.whose 8.where 9.who that 10.that 可知E项（要确保你是依法正确经营你的公司的。）符合文 II.1.This is the best way that 2.which made his parents 意。故选E。 : very happy 3.most of whom like English 4.that Chinese 5.F 根据本段小标题“Get yourself noticed.”及本段内容可 知，本段提的建议是要把自己的公司宣传出去，让消费者 people are proud of 5.whom/who you trust and listen lll.1.which 2.which 3.who/that 4.when 5.which: 知道你的企业的存在。空后举了一个具体事例来说明如 何把自己的公司宣传出去，F项（选择如何打广告取决于 that 6.where 7.whose 8.that 9.where 10.why [层级2素养能力提升 企业的美型。)与空后内容街接紧密，且F项中的“how to 【,A一[语篇解读]本文是一篇说明文。文章通过73岁 advertise'”与本段小标题“Get yourself noticed."对应，故 选F」 的老人Maiilis Jonsson的亲身经历和专家Niklas Arvidsson 的解释阐明了电子支付的优缺点 Ⅲ.[语篇解读】本文是一葛说明文。文章介绍了近些年较 常见的“缩水式通货膨胀”这一经济现象，这是很多生产商和 1.A细节理解题.根据文章第二段中的“Cash is now used : 制造商在面临成本上升时利用的“减量不加价”的隐性加价 in less than one in five of all cash transactions(交易）in 手段，希望消费0者继续购买他们的产品。 stores""The law says shops can refuse to accept cash.Life 1.maintaining句意：这是指公司在保持价格的同时，减少 can be hard for those unwilling or unable to adapt to the 其产品大小或服务范图。设空处作时间状语，应用动词的 changes.Not everyone hates cash.Maijlis Jonsson is one 非谓语形式，maintain的逻辑主语是companies,二者之间 such person..”和“I just don't know how to do it.."可知，地 是逻鲜上的主谓关系，故此处应填现在分调。 不会使用非现金支付方式，但现在处处都不用现金，她对 2.production句意：这是为了应对生产过程中所需原材料 不得不用非现金支付方式感到烦恼。故选A。 的价格上涨。in the process of...为圈定搭配，意为 2.A细节理解题。根据文章第四段中的“it is a little bit “在…的过程中”，of为介词，后面接名词。production more difficult in general for the people to get away with 意为“生产”时为不可数名词，故填production. not paying taxes or making small thefts without cash" 知，电子支付让逃避纳税，小额偷窃等一些违法行为变得 :3.to place句意：公司速择的另一种方式是把较小的物品放 在较大的盒子里，让购物者认为他们用所花的钱得到了更 因难。故选A。 3.C细节理解题。根据文章第五段中的“with an increase 多的东西。本句话为“主系表”结构，设空处对主语进行解 释说明，应用动词不定式作表语。故填to place。. in digital transactions,the question of date security comes 18○英语·选择性必修第四册（配WY版） Unit 4 Everyday economics 作业（十）Section I Starting out Understanding ideas 层级①基础知识自测 8.Rose contacted her (consult)at once to consult with him about her financial difficulty. I.单词拼写 9.Some enterprise)members in the 1.The weather was so hot that the farmer had to company found ways of reducing their expenses pause from time to time to wipe the sweat from or raising their incomes. his (前额)while working in the field. 10.They find the cultures are certainly a world 2.Sarah Lynn,an educational (顾问)and away the ones they read about in their teacher,thinks English learners can improve textbooks. their ability to remember and use new words by Ⅲ.完成句子/句式升级 testing themselves. 1.老实说，正是我们对生活的态度决定了我们的幸 3.I was happy just to get the book published. 福。（强调句型） Winning the prize was an added Honestly, (奖金). determines our happiness. 4.It is necessary to improve our worldwide 2.我们建议立即采取措施解决这个环境问题。 (经销)systems to attract more consumers. (advise) 5.He told me he was feeling (头晕目眩 We advise that measures and asked me to call an ambulance for him. the environmental problem. 6.She was appointed to (女主席)of the 3.If weather permits,we are going to play football education committee, which was beyond this afternoon. expectation. we are going to play 7.There was a (茫然的)look on his face football this afternoon..(独立主格) because he did not know the answer. V.课文语法填空 8.I'm writing to make a complaint about a pair of Zhang Yue once paid little attention 1. sneakers I recently (购买)from your roses even though she grew up with them.It was website. only after graduating from university overseas that Ⅱ.单句语法填空 Zhang decided to return to her home town and 1.Efforts should be made to balance medical grow roses,2. surprised many people.So resources in different areas so that more people far she 3. (overcome)a number of will have access affordable health obstacles in nursing her business to the success it care. is today.After she went on TV,a major Asian 2.Under the (guide)of my teacher,I manufacturer of cosmetics was willing 4. won the first prize in the English Speech purchase )her product and help with its Contest. distribution,which helped her earn the locals' 3.Wide and clean road,row row of high- trust."Now my product is one of the best in Asia. rises and fresh air after rain,the spring in Jinan This year,I can pay all my fellow workers 5. gives you the sign of modern new district. decent bonus,"says Zhang. 4.He made up his mind (accumulate) Zhang is not the only young person to have many happy experiences so that when he retired been bitten by the start-up bug.An increasing he could look back on his life with satisfaction. number of 6. (enterprise)young people 5.Many college graduates started in low- are thinking of starting their own businesses.The level jobs with low starting salaries,while some majority meet with rejection while a few,like made great achievements several years later. Zhang Yue,7. (be)lucky enough to get 6.Mankind is exploring space the hope of investment and the all-important input and finding out more about the universe. support.Though 8. (welcome)the new 7.People who are positive have the potential entrepreneurial spirit,she advises that people be (live)a much happier life than those who realistic and seek professional 9. (guide) are negative. before rushing into things."What 10. 28 (real)matters is a sound business plan,access to C.To look for new business ideas. capital,and good management and negotiating D.To learn to make canvas shoes. skills,”she says.. 2.Why didn't Blake Mycoskie set up a charity? 层级②素养能力提升 A.He wasn't interested in running a charity. B.He had no real experience of running a I.阅读理解 charity. 4 C.A charity would make no difference to the Blake Mycoskie set up five businesses,but : children. later he sold them all at a profit.Feeling a bit D.A charity could not donate shoes to the burned out from work,Mycoskie decided to give it children continually. a break for a while and headed down to Argentina: 3.Why did Blake Mycoskie set up TOMS? for some rest.But rest isn't really part of a A.To help poor children. businessman's make-up.It's in their nature to keep B.To support a charity. having good business ideas. C.To win national fame. On a visit to a village outside Buenos Aires, D.To expand his business. he was shocked to see that many children didn't4.What do we know about TOMS? have any shoes or,if they did,the shoes were A.It has made a profit. badly worn.Since shoes-particularly the local: B.It only supplies shoes to children in farmers'canvas(帆布的)shoes-can be bought Argentina. cheaply in Argentina,Mycoskie's first instinct( C.It gives Mycoskie a sense of achievement. was to set up a charity to donate shoes to the D.It can be a model for other kinds of products. children.But after giving it some thought,he B realized that this was not a model that would work.One pair of shoes per child would not make A lot of people ask this question,"Why is body language so important?"Reliable studies have that much difference,because they wear out )And if he asked people to donate repeatedly- shown that in the process of communication,non- to provide new shoes for the same child every six verbal expression has 65%to 93%more influence months-一the donors'sympathy(同情)for the cause than actual text.This means that "how to say"is might also wear out pretty quickly. more important than "what to say".Of course,this Instead he came up with the idea of "TOMS: does not mean that you don't need to do one-for-one shoes".He would take the canvas shoe preparation for your interviews,nor does it mean to America,manufacture it and sell it as a high end that you can take any short cuts.On the contrary, fashion item at around 50 a pair.For each pair he sold this means that you have more things to pay he would donate one pair to shoeless village children. attention to and prepare for. That way he could guarantee a continual supply. In the real workplace,body language is much Several years on,the business is very more important than you think.Without proper successful,supplying shoes not only to children in body language,you may find yourself trapped in a Argentina but also other parts of the world.But circle where you can't integrate with the external can the one-for-one model be repeated with other environment,not to mention the difficulties in the products?Mycoskie is doubtful.TOMS is a for- absence of body language in the workplace. profit business,but does not yet make a profit.He "People can often make inferences from says one-for-one is not an offer that you can just actions,and the results of these inferences directly add to your existing business model.You have to affect lives:for example,who will be employed build it from the beginning. and who will be promoted,"Academician Amy Some would also argue that the charity aspect Cuddy said in a TV talk show.She also said that is just a marketing tool,but in the end does that "our body language will also affect our perception matter?TOMS is making a real difference to poor (感知，看法)of ourselves..When you try to make children all over the world and Mycoskie is more authoritative actions,your brain will enjoying being a businessman more than ever. inadvertently(不经意地)receive signals and 1.Why did Blake Mycoskie go to Argentina? actually create an idea that you are more A.To go for relaxation. authoritative,so that you have more confidence in B.To seek business cooperation. yourself". 29 ○英语·选择性必修第四册（配WY版） Therefore,before interviews or important John Chhan-have stood behind the counter 5 meetings,try not to lean on any object or have a doughnuts.But then one day,Stella Chhan wasn't hunched back.Instead,you should try to keep your there. body relaxed.You can even stand with a relatively When customers enquired,John Chhan,62, authoritative posture-of course,you may need to told them Stella had fallen ill and was 6 in a do these things in the bathroom or places where no nursing home.He would visit his wife once all the one could see you. doughnuts were 7. Body language plays a crucial role in your job Dawn Caviola,a 8 of Donut City, interviews,careers,and everyday life.Paying thought if enough people would buy a dozen attention to body language could make impressive doughnuts every morning,John Chhan could close impacts on your behavior,which could help you early and go to 9 his wife. achieve better results.So,every time you are After Caviola posted the 10 on the nervous or feel that you can't do it,stretch your neighborhood message board,neighbors and fans body,smile,and tell yourself,"Fake it till you responded in a positive way.They started 11 in the dark,ordering dozens of doughnuts. become it!” Jenee Rogers has been a 12 Donut City 5.What does paragraph 1 mainly tell us? customer for the past 20 years.She saw a local A.What we say in a conversation is not so news story about the 13 to help the Chhans, important. which included trying to set up a GoFundMe page B.Practicing body language is a short cut to to 14 money to help the Chhans,but they success. 15 the offer.Rogers said she and all of her C.We should attach great importance to body friends started to spread the word to go to the shop language. early and buy doughnuts. D.Body language carries 93%of conversation 1.A.cheap B.delicious messages. ! C.smelly D.juicy 6.According to Amy Cuddy,why is body language 2.A.line B.exchange important for us? C.panic D.return A.It decides whether we are promoted. 3.A.common B.interesting B.It influences people's impression of us. C.awkward D.wrong C.It makes us look more authoritative. 4.A.customers B.neighbors D.It helps people understand who we are. C.owners D.waiters 7.What does the underlined word "hunched" 5.A.buying B.selling possibly mean? C.ordering D.sending A.Broken down. B.Tied behind. 6.A.working B.volunteering C.Bent forward. D.Straightened up. C.recovering D.visiting 8.Who might be the intended readers of the 7.A.taken out B.sold out C.called off passage? D.put off A.New arrivals in the workplace. 8.A.worker B.citizen B.Body language researchers. C.reporter D.fan C.Working adults to be promoted. 9.A.accompany B.praise D.Viewers of a TV talk show. C.encourage D.recognize 10.A.choice B.movement Ⅱ.完形填空 C.idea D.advertisement In recent weeks customers have been queuing 11.A.turning up B.putting up at Donut City,starting at 4:30 a.m.,to buy C.taking up D.making up dozens of doughnuts(甜甜圈).Customers say the 12.A.modest B.regular doughnuts are 1.But the taste is not the C.responsible D.strict reason why they've been waiting in 2 to buy 13.A.command B.courage them. C.effort D.ability It started a few weeks ago,when customers 14.A.raise B.earn started noticing that something was 3. C.save D.borrow Every day for the past 28 years,the friendly 15.A.sacrificed B.advocated husband-and-wife 4 of Donut City-Stella and C.postponed D.declined 30