Unit 2 Lessons in Life-【精讲精练】2024-2025学年高中英语选择性必修第四册同步学习方案（外研版2019）

nit -essons in life 主题语境一一人与自我之人生智慧 素养口标) 人生智慧(人与自我) 主题 weaken,pessimistic,anticipate.possession. 必备知识 堂核心词汇及用法:学会使用 abnormal. widcspread.rccognition. phrasc. 核心 被动语态:掌握概要写作的方 cooperate, fee, pure.despair cram,luxury 单词 关键能力 法;表达与生命价值有关的主题 be rcunited with, result in.far from.make the most of.up to.get through.keep in touch with,ge 在感受西方文学作品的过程中领 核心 through,a series of seareh for,burst ont. 会其中渗透的文化,培养跨文化 be dressed in.bring.. to life, set off 交流意识,形成文化认回感 学科素养 被动语态 基于书评、采访、剧本等多模态语篇:综 探索生活的真谛,从而以健康 合运用语言技能 语篇 积极的心态面对人生,树立正确 学会概要写作 表达 [核心价值 的人生观和价值观 Section Starting out & Understanding ideas 篇章助读释疑 名师圈点 原文呈现 译文参考 ①despite prep.即使,尽管 Tuesdays with Morrie 相约星期二 (-in spite of) Des pite^{①} being a sports journalist^{②} with a 米奇·阿尔博 Despite: In spite of his age. success ful career ahead of him, Mitch Albom 姆是一位前途光明 he still leads an active life. feels that there is something missing from his 的体育新闻记者,可 尽管年事已高,他依旧过着 他总觉得生活里少 ti fe. This all changes when he is reunited with^{ 忙绿的生活。 了些什么。真到和 his favourite college professor ,Morrie Schwartz. ② journalist n. [C]新闻 On discouering that Morie is being weakened^{}by 他最喜爱的大学教 工作者 授莫里·施瓦茨重 journaln.[C]报纸,刊物 a seuere illness【1】, Mitch starts visiting him at his 逢,他的心态才彻底 journalismn. [U]新闻业, house on Tuesdays. The weekly conversations 改变。米奇得知莫 新闻工作 between Mitch and Morrie result in a series of 里得了重病,日渐虚 ③be reunited with 与.... lessons on the meaning of Life and how best to live 弱,便开始每周二都 重聚 it. 去他家看望他。米 reunitevt.&.vi.(使)重逢. 【1】画线部分为“On/Uopndoingsth.”结构,意为 奇和莫里每周的谈 再次相聚;(使)再结合 “一......就......”.“that Morrie... illness”为 that 话最终成为一堂堂 ④weaken/'wi:kan/vt. &.vi. 引导的宾语从句,从句谓语用了现在进行时的被动 课,探讨人生的意义 (使)虚弱,衰弱,减弱 语态。 和如何最好地生活。 26 Unit 2 Lessons in life· 续表 名师圈点 原文呈现 译文参考 构词法]后缀-en可 阿瑟·K☆☆☆☆☆ ArthurK☆☆☆☆☆ 用于构成动词,表示 This book is about dying, but it is not pessimistic^}. 虽然这本书谈论的是死 “使,使成为,变得”。 Indeed, it was a. pleasant surprise to find that this 亡,但它并不悲观。实际 如:shorten(使)变 book is filled with joy and hope 【2】. Morrie's 上,你会惊喜地发现书里 短,deepen加深, 充满了欢乐和希望。莫 widen拓宽。 braverytowards the end of his life is inspirational 里面对他生命的终结所 and has made me value{}my own life more. In fact. pessimistic 展示出的勇气给人很大 /pest'mistik adj.悲 far from{}being a book about death, it's a book about 的启发,也让我更加珍惜 观的,悲观主义的 life. As Morrie says,"Once you learn how to die, 自己的生命。实际上,这 [反义]optimistic you learn how to live.”As Morrie anticipates*his 根本不是一本关于死亡 adj.乐观的 own death, he observes everything as though 的书,而是一本关于生活 bravery/'breivori/ through new eyes-the things around him seem more beautiful than ever before and hold new meanings. 的书。正如莫里所说 n.[U]勇敢 “一旦你懂得了怎样死 【3】 From his window, he watches each season inspirational 亡,也就学会了怎样生 iinspo'r eifanl adj. change, knowing it could be his last. This 活。”到了弥留之际,莫里 启发灵感的,鼓舞人 encourages us to appreciate what we have, and to 开始用新的眼光看待每 心的 make the most of^{} each day. 件事物-他身边的一 inspiration n. [C. 【2】本句属于“it十be十n.十todosth”句型,句中it是 切都显得比以往更加美 形式主语,真正的主语是不定式短语“tofind...and usuallysing.]启发 好,也有了新的意义。他 hope”。 灵感的人(或事物): 【3】“AsMorrie...death”为As引导的时间状语从句; 透过窗户看季节更替,知 鼓舞人心的人(或事 “as though new eyes”可看作状语从句as thoughhe is 道这可能是他最后一次 物);[U]灵感 through new eyes 的省略。 观看。这鼓励我们珍视 inspirevt.鼓舞,激励 自己所拥有的一切,充分 AmyWang☆☆☆☆☆ ⑧valuevt. 重视, 利用每一天。 I think this book should be on all school reading 珍视 lists. After finishing it, I feel I have been given a 埃米·王☆☆☆☆☆ 下文“establishour deeper insight② into the world and can see things 我认为这本书应该列入 ownvalues”中的 from a different point of view^{}. On the 11th 所有学校的阅读书目。 values作名词,意为 Tuesday, Morrie explains that "... the big things 读完后,我觉得自己对世 “价值观,是非标准”。 界有了更深刻的认识,可 far from(doing) how we think, what we value-those you must . You can't let anyone-or any 以从不同的角度看待事 choose yourself. sth几乎相反,远非 society-determine those for you". While we are 物了。在第11个星期二 anticipate/ aen'tsipet/ living, we tend to get distracted^{}by unimportant 莫里说道:“......重要的 ut.预期,预料 问题--我们如何思考、 make the most of things, such as gathering material possessions.I 我们珍视什么--你必须 充分利用,相当于 think it's important for young people to know that making a lot of money won't always make them 自己做选择。你不能让任 make full use of, take happy. or that looking different doesn't make a 何人或社会替你做决定。 full advantage of person abnormal!【4】It's up to us to find out what 在我们活着的时候,我们往 insight n. [C.U is important in our lives and establish our own 往会被不重要的事物分散 洞悉,了解(常与介词 values.【5】 注意力,例如积累物质财 into连用) 富。我认为对于年轻人来 point of view n. 【4】本句中“it's important..,abnormal”是省略了that 说,重要的是明白赚很多钱 [C]考虑角度;观点: 的宾语从句,该宾语从句中it是形式主语,真正的主 并不总能带来快乐,看上去 看法 语是“to know... abnormal","that making... happy" 与众不同并不代表不正常 from... point of view 和“that looking...abnormal”并列作know的宾语,且 我们应该靠自己去弄清楚 这两个that引导的宾语从句中均使用了ving作 从......角度来看(一 生命中什么才是最重要的, in a...light) 主语。 并树立我们自己的价值观 distract vt. 转移 【5】本句中It是形式主语,后面的“tofindout... 莫里说大多数人即使在 (注意力),使分心 values”为真正的主语。 做自认为重要的事情时, possession/po'zef (o) Morrie says that most people "seem half-asleep^{", 也是“看上去半睡半醒' n/n.[C]财物:财产 even when they're doing things they think are 的。阅读这本书使我感 material possessions important. Reading this book made me feel as if I'd 觉自己仿佛从长眠中被 been woken up from a long sleep and finally opened 物质财富,物质财产 唤醒了,终于睁开眼看 my eyes to^{} the world! 世界! 27 ·英语·选择性必修 第四册(配WY版) 续表 名师圈点 原文呈现 译文参考 abnormal/aeb'no:m Marty☆☆☆☆☆ 马蒂☆☆☆☆☆ Despite its widespread{ recognition{, my first (a)l/adi.不正常的, 尽管《相约星期二》这本书 impression was that Tuesdays with Morrie is just 反常的 得到了广泛的认可,但是我 made up of a collection of^{} over-emotional{} establish our own 的第一印象是,它只是由一 thoughts and messages, many of which are 堆过于情绪化的思想和信 values树立我们自己 repeated【6】. But thinking back, it did teach me a 息组成的,其中有很多是重 的价值观 lesson or two. The book made me stop and think 复的。不过回想起来,这本 establish/i'staeblif/vt. about how much I am influenced by popular culture 书确实给了我一两条经验。 and the importance of creating my own values 建立,创立,确立 它让我停下来思考流行文 based on love and open communication③. half-asleep adj.半 化对我有多少影响,以及在 Although it isn't my favourite book, I'd still 睡半醒的 爱与开放式沟通的基础上 recommend that people read it-after all, it is 树立自己的价值观的重要 open one's eyes to something that's a bit different! 性。虽然这不是我最爱的 sth使某人长见识(或 【6】画线部分为“代词十介词十关系代词”引导的非 一本书,但我还是要推荐大 开眼界、认清事实) 限制性定语从句,修饰先行词thoughtsand 家读一读,毕竟它是有些与 widespread messages。 众不同的! Vivian☆☆☆☆☆ /waidspred/adj. 薇薇安☆☆☆☆☆ Warning! A box of tissues will be needed to get 广泛的,普遍的,分布 注意了!要读完这本书,你 through{②} this book! Morrie's reflections on love 广的 将需要一盒纸巾!莫里对 and friendship made me think about my life and all 于爱和友谊的思考使我想 ① recognition/ rekog'nf the good friends that I've lost touch with{} along 起了自己的人生,想起这一 (o)n/n.[sing.,U]承 the way. It made me realise just how much I miss 路失去联系的那些好友,使 认,认可 them. 我意识到自己有多想念 I guess that's one of the lessons of the book ②a collection of... 他们。 一批...... always keep in touch with the good people you 在人生旅途中,要和你遇到 ③ over-emotional adj. meet as you go through life. Like Mitch, Morrie 的优秀的人时常保持联系, makes you aware that you want to die feeling that 我猜这或许就是此书想传 过度情绪化的 you have lived life to the full, knowing that you 达给我们的经验之一吧 ④ open communica- are loved and have loved others as much as you 莫里提醒米奇,也提醒了人 tion开放式沟通 could【7】. As Morrie's favourite poet Auden said, 们:在你将死之时,要感觉 ②get through完成 "Love each other or perish." 你已经活得很充实,要知道 lose touch with 【7】画线部分中“that you wantto...youcould”为 自己是被爱的,也一直尽力 that引导的宾语从句,其中“feelingthat..,full”和 与.....失去联系 爱着别人。正如莫里最爱 “knowing that... you could”均为v-ing短语作伴随 的诗人奥登所说的,“不相 状语。 爱即如死灭”。 . 基础梳理·新知落实 /通教材·理知识·素养初成 I.重点词汇 观主义→反义词]optimisticadi.乐观 ·核心单词 的,乐观主义的 1. v.预期,预料 4. n.财产,财物→possessv.拥有; 2. 具备 adi.广泛的,普遍的 . ·拓展词汇 adj.不正常的,反常的→[反义 词lnormaladi.正常的 3. adi.悲观的,悲观主义的→ 6. n.承认,认可→recognizev.承认; pessimistn.悲观主义者→pessimismn.悲 认出,识别→recognizableadi.容易认出的 28 Unit 2 Lessons in life (2)I think II. 重点短语 (对于年轻 与......重聚 1. 人来说,重要的是明白)thatmakingalot 一个意外的惊喜 2. of money won't always make them happy. 远不,完全不 3. or that looking different doesn't make a 观点 4. person abnormal! 分心,转移(注意力) 5. 2. It's up to sb to do sth 与......失去联系 6. (我们应该靠自己去弄 7. 与......保持联系 清楚) what is important in our lives and 过得很充实 establish our own values. III.重点句式 3.asif引导表语从句 1. It十be十n. /adi. 十(for sb)十to do sth Reading this book made me feel (1)Indeed. (惊喜地 (自己仿佛从长眠中清 发现) that this book is filled with joy and 醒了过来)and finally opened my eyes to hope. the world! ! 语篇理解·要点领悟 /析教材·学总结·素养提升 Task 框架宏观架构:整体理解 C. We should not set up our own values. What is the theme of the passage about? D. We can't be distracted easily by A. The introduction to Tuesdays with unimportant things. Morrie. 3. What does"it”mean in the sentence"But B. Lessons on the meaning of life. thinking back,it did teach me a lesson or C. The friendship between Mitch and Morrie two."said by Marty? D. Comments on Tuesdays with Morrie by A. His first impression of the book. different readers. B. The book Tuesda ys uith Morrie TasklI 文本微观剖析:细节探究 C. What he knows about this book Read the text carefullv and then choose the D. The characters of the book. best answer. 4. According to Vivian,we know 1. In Arthur K's opinion,the book A. the book also deals with love and friendship A. is about death,so it is too pessimistic B. always keeping in touch with friends B. will make people lose the hope of life can be difficult C. encourages people to fight with diseases C. it's impossible to love and be loved at D. encourages people to make full use of the same time each day D. she has made many friends but none of 2. Which of the following statements is NOT them is reliable true about Amy Wang's opinion? TaskIlI教材对接高考:续写佳句 A. Students should read the book. 1.细读课文并找出含有比喻的句子 B. Money won't always make people happy. 29 ·英语·选择性必修 第四册(配WY版) 2.细读课文并找出含有借代的句子 3.细读课文并找出含有排比的句子 (1) (2) !! 知识整合·核心突破 /记单词·仿句式·素养培优 [核心词汇] 1.anticipatev.预期,预料;期盼,期望 [经典例句]AsMorrie anticipates his [练通]-一单句语法填空/补全句子 own death, he observes everything as (1) They anticipate (move) to the newly- though through new eyes - the things built school at the end of next month. around him seem more beautiful than (2)He bought extra food (预料) ever before and hold new meanings. 到了弥留之际,莫里开始用新的眼光看待 more people coming than he had invited. (3) 周围的一切事物--一切都显得更加美 (据预测)there will be a good 好,也有了新的意义。 harvest this autumn. (1)anticipate doingsth预料做某事;期盼做某事 [学习心得] It is anticipated that...据预测...... (2)anticipationn.预料,预期;期盼,期望 in anticipationof期待着......:预计到..... 2. be/get distracted by 分心,分神 [经典例句]While we are living,we tend [练通]--单句语法填空 to get distracted by unimportant things, (1) While it is easy to perceive when students are interested, bored, or (distract),it is such as gathering material possessions. sometimes much harder to distinguish when students 在我们活着的时候,我们往往会被不重要 are troubled. 的事情分散注意力,例如积累物质财富。 (2)Before you dive into working, writing or whatever else you need to do, turn off your cell phone and (1)distractv.转移(注意力);分散(思维);使 anything else that might prove to be 分心 (distract). distract sb/sth(from...)使某人/某物(对 (3)I find it hard to study at home because there are ....)分心 too many (distract). distract one'sattention分散某人的注意力 [写美]-应用文佳句 (2)distractingadj.使人分心的 (4)由于许多学生缺乏自律,他们很可能会被网络游戏 分散注意力。 distractedadi.注意力分散的 Due to the fact that many students lack self-discipline. distractionn.分散注意力的事;使人分心的事 they 3.possession n.[pl.]财产,财物;[U]拥有,具有 [经典例句]You may lose your job and other [练通]-一单句语法填空/补全句子 (1) We can't take finally possessions, for instance, until you (possess) of the house realize that those things don't matter. until all the papers have been signed. (2)I am Li Hua. 例如,你可能会失去工作和其他的财产,直 (负责)the English programme"Talk and Talk"of our 到你最终意识到那些东西都没有意义。 school broadcasting station. 30 Unit 2 Lessons in life· (1)in possession of... 拥有..... (3) Nobody knows for sure whom the ancient vase is in the possessionof...(某物)为......所有 (拥有). [写美]一应用文佳句 take/have possessionof...拥有......:点有..... (4)众所周知,世界海洋不仅拥有丰富的资源,而且在 (2)possessv.拥有;具有;支配(不用于进行时) 维持我们生态系统的平衡中发挥着重要作用。 [听课笔记] As is known to us, not only but also plays an important role in maintaining the balance of our ecosystem. 4. recognition n.承认,认可 [经典例句]Despite its widespread [练通]一-单句语法填空/补全句子 recognition, my first impression was that (1)More importantly,I earned my teammate's Tuesda ys with Morrie is just made up of (recognize) and we have become good friends since then. a collection of over-emotional thoughts (2) China's image is improving steadily, with more and messages, many of which are countries (recognize) its role in international repeated. affairs. 尽管《相约星期二》这本书得到了广泛的 (3)(2o24·坊期末)Once thick with extremely tall 认可,但是我对它的第一印象是,它只是 pines, the hills now are (认不出来) 一本由一堆过于情绪化的思想和信息组 covered with only rocks. [写美]一句多译 成的书,其中有很多内容是重复的。 (4)环境污染已经成为公认的人类所面对的最严重的 (1)out of/beyond recognition 认不出来 问题之一。 (2)recogniz(s)eut.认出,认识;承认,认可 environmental pollution has become be recogniz(s)edas/to be...被认为是...... one of the most serious problems that people face. It is recogniz(s)ed that...人们认为..... b. Environmental pollution one of the (3)recognizableadj. 易认出的,易识别的 most serious problems that people face. 5. lose touchwith 与......失去联系 [经典例句]Morrie'sreflections on love [练通]--补全句子 and friendship made me think about my (1)I (失去联系)Allenformany life and all the good friends that I've lost years but the moment he called me that day, I touch with along the way. recognized his voice. 莫里对爱和友谊的思考使我想起了自己 (2) It is hard to (取得联系)Rose,forwe 的人生,想起了这一路失去联系的那些 好友。 (没有联系过)eachothersince graduation. get intouchwithsb和某人取得联系 keep/be intouchwith sb和某人保持联系 (3) Some of my classmates are in favour of taking be out of touchwith sb和某人失去联系 phones to school because they can 】名师点津 (与父母保持联系) get in/losetouchwith表示“短暂性动作”,不能 (4)In order not to (失去联系)each 与时间段连用;keep/be in touchwith与be out of touchwith表示“状态和延续性”,可以与时 other, everyone in the group exchanged telephone 间段连用。 numbers when they were leaving 31 ·英语·选择性必修 第四册(配WY版) [重点句型] ·"It's up to sb to do sth”意为“做某事取决于某人” [经典 例句 ]It's upto us to find out [练通]-写出下列句中upto的含义 what is important in our lives and (1) Social media tools let us see what our friends are up to and maintain friendships establish our own values. (2) I am confident that I am up to doing the 我们应该靠自己去弄清楚生命中什么 voluntary work. 是重要的,并树立我们自己的价值观。 (3) Some pieces of music can go for 40 minutes and require up to 50 page turns, including back turns (1)It's up to sb十whether...是否...由 for repeat passages. 某人决定。 [写美]--续写佳句 It'suptoyou.(交际用语)由你决定。 (4)生活只给我们时间和空间,如何去填充它由我们决定。 (2)upto达到;到.....为止;忙于;胜任 Life just gives us time and space. ! 随堂演练·能力提升 /夯基础·提技能·素养达成 I.教材语块必备 II.单词拼写/完成句子 1. The illness is recognizable from 1. 迷路/迷失方向 the patient's #. 人生之路 (反常的)behaviour. 5. 2. When he was reunited with his old friend. 注意察看;留心(周围情况 he has changed beyond (认出). 以便找到) 3. When you get out of the taxi, make sure 。. 在旅途中 that none of your (财物)are 5. 丢失了;缺少了;找不到了 left behind. 6. 生命的意义 4.作为一名高中生,我们不应该被任何与我 #. 充分利用某物 们的学习无关的事情分心。 8. 对......的洞悉/领悟 As a senior high school student, we . 树立某人自已的价值观 shouldn't 10. anything that is not relevant to our study. 使某人认清/了解某事 11. 5.这些年,由于繁重的工作,他几乎与所有的 某人的第一印象 老朋友失去了联系。 12. 回想起:追忆 He has nearly 13. 给某人一个教训;教会某人 these years because of heavy work 一个道理 请完成1知能达标训练1作业(四) 14. 坦诚的交流 32 Unit 2 Lessons in life Section II Using language 语法精讲·技能培养 /学语法·悟规律·迁移运用 D思维导图 被动语态的时态、形式 被动语态的构成 情态动词的被动语态 被动语态的特殊情况 不定式的被动语态 连系动词后接表语时 主动形式表示 被动意义的情况 当open.close.shuLsell等用作不及物动词且表示主语的某种属性时 被动语态 在want need.require等少数表示“需要"的动词后e-ing 某些作表语的形容词(如casyhard等)后的不定式 不及物(短语)动词无被动语念 在主动语态里,动词scc,make.hear等后面作宾补的 使用被动语态时 动词不定式不带to.但变为被动语态时,to必须补上 应注意的问题 接双宾语的动词变被动语态 将含有“动词+介词/副词”类短语动词的主动句变为 被动句时,原短语动词中的介词或副词应保留下来 □要点诠释 续表 一、被动语态的构成 构成 时态形式 例句 英语有两种语态:主动语态和被动语态。 主动语态表示主语是谓语动词所表示的动作 All the students were 的执行者。被动语态表示主语是谓语动词所 was/ inspiredby the inspiring 表示的动作的承受者,其构成:系动词be十 一般式 were speech.所有的学生都 过去分词。在被动语态中,by后常跟动作的 done 被这场鼓舞人心的演 执行者。通常只有需要动作对象的及物动词 讲鼓舞了。 才有被动语态,不及物动词没有被动语态。 1.被动语态的时态、形式(以动词do为例) The advantages and 时态形式 构成 例句 disadvantages of this friend is never machine were was/ e being am/is/ knowntill a man has 一般式 were need.[谚语]患难识 discussedwhen I went are done 进行式 挚友。 being into the meeting done room.当我走进会议室 He has to go to work am/is/ on foot because his car 的时候,这台机器的优 进行式 are is being repaired. 他的 being 缺点正在被讨论。 done 车正在修理中,因此, 他得步行上班。 When we got there I have been toldthat had has/have we will move to the the work had been 完成式 been been 完成式 new school next finished.我们到那里 done dore month.我被告知下个 时,工作已经完成了。 月我们将搬去新校。 33 ·英语·选择性必修 第四册(配WY版) 续表 buffer zones, and leaving behind precious natural 1 assets (资 产)for future 构成 时态形式 例句 generations”. The school sports will/ (2)It (build) originally to meeting will be 一般式 shall heldnext week.校运动 be done protect the city in the Tang dynasty and 会将在下星期举行。 has now been completely restored The teacher told us that (修复). a new experiment would would be performedthe next (3) The artist was sure he would 过去式 should (choose), but when he presented his be done day.老师告诉我们第二 天有一个新的实验 masterpiece to the emperor's chief 要做。 minister, the old man laughed. 2.被动语态的特殊情况 (4)-The machine is working again! (1)情态动词的被动语态 -Yes, it broke down yesterday, but it 构成:情态动词士be士及物动词的过去 (fix). 分词。 (5)My washing machine Nowadays, solar energy can be usedto (repair) this week, so I have to wash my produce electricity in many countries. 现在太阳能在许多国家可以被用来发电。 clothes by hand 二、主动形式表示被动意义的情况 (2)不定式的被动语态 ①一般式(tobedone):表示不定式所表示 1.谓语动词的主动表示被动 的动作在谓语动词所表示的动作之后发生 (1)连系动词(如look,sound,smell,feel. 或与其几乎)同时发生。 taste,remain,prove等)后接表语时,一般 ②完成式(tohavebeendone):表示不定 用主动形式表示被动意义。 式所表示的动作发生在谓语动词所表示的 Your advice sounds practical. 动作之前。 你的建议听起来是可行的。 The book is said to be publishedsoon Whether we can have a holiday next 据说这本书很快就会出版。 week remains unknown. ·The book is said to have been 我们还不知道下周能否放假。 translatedinto many languages. (2)当open,close, shut,lock,move,read. 据说这本书已被译成多种语言。 wash,clean, cook, sell,cut, wear,carry等 [即时演练1-一用所给动词的适当形式 填空 用作不及物动词且表示主语的某种属性 (design)to (1) TheGPNP 时,通常用主动形式表示被动意义。 reflect the guiding principle of "protecting That kind of shirt cleans easily the authenticityand integrity(完整性)of 那种衬衫容易洗干净。 preserving natural ecosystems. This kind of wool shirt feels soft and biologicaldiversity, protecting ecological sells well. 34 Unit 2 Lessons in life 这种羊毛衫摸起来很软,卖得很好。 出),lose heart,run out(用完). 2.非谓语动词的主动表被动 2. 在主动语态里,动词see,make,hear (1)在want,need,require等少数表示“需 watch,notice等后面作宾语补足语的动词 要”的动词后用动词-ng形式的主动形式 不定式不带to,但变为被动语态时,必须 表示被动意义,其含义相当于动词不定式 加上to。 的被动形式。 They made him go there alone The house needs cleaning(= to be →He was made to go there alone by cleaned). them. 这所房子需要打扫。 他们让他独自去那里。 This wall requires repairing(=to be 3.接双宾语的动词变被动语态。有些动词在 repaired). 主动语态中常接双宾语,即直接宾语(一般 这面墙需要修理。 指物)和间接宾语(一般指人)。在变为被 (2)某些作表语的形容词(如easy, . hard. 动语态时,如果间接宾语被提前作主语,那 difficult等)后,用不定式的主动形式表示 么直接宾语保留不变;如果直接宾语被提 被动意义。 前作主语,那么间接宾语前一般要加上相 He is easy to get along with.很好相处 应的介词to或for。 This question is easy to answer. 这个问 We gave him the letter. -He was given 题容易回答。 the letter by us. -The letter was given to [即时演练2]--用所给动词的适当形式 him by us. 填空 我们把那封信给他了。 (1)I need (go) home now, 4.将含有“动词十介词/副词”类动词短语(如 because my coat need (mend). lookafter,puton)的主动句变为被动句 (2) After the concert, Naomi told the 时,原动词短语中的介词或副词应保留 family that Steve's music was beautiful 下来。 and professional. It needed She often looks after the old (share) in public. schools →The old are often looked after by her (3) The number of medical reached 18 in the early 1990s and 她经常照看老人。 (remain)around that level ever since. [即时演练3-一将下列句子改为被动语态 (4) The bag was very heavy (1)She bought her mother a new coat. (carry), so the boy had to ask his father to help. 三、使用被动语态时应注意的问题 (2) We should make full use of our spare 1.不及物动词(短语)无被动语态。常见的不 time to develop our interests. 能用于被动语态的动词(短语):appear. belong,disappear,come true, happen/take (3)I heard him sing in the classroom after place/occur,remain(剩余),last(持续). school. breakout,come out(出版),comeup(提 35随堂演练·能力提升 I think I am qualified for this job, because I have learned I. 1. be easy to read aloud 2. look down... as far as sb can the Chinese painting since boyhood. Besides, I am fluent in 3. ages and ages hence 4. make all the difference 5. set sth both Chinese and English, which helps me introduce Chinese to music 6. of all time 7. human nature 8. see in one's paintings. If I am lucky enough to be chosen as a volunteer, I mind 9. a key issue 10. a peaceful wood deep within the can show visitors around the art gallery and get them to countryside 11. moral problems know more about the Chinese painting. 12. make the right choice 13. a mixture of choice and chance I would be very grateful if you could offer me the 14. look back on 15. with regret 16. be/feel sorry for opportunity, I'm looking forward to your reply 18. a call for sb to do sth 19. serve as a 17. as opposed to Yours. reminder 20. live life to the full Li Hua II. 1. arise 2. affection 3. circumstances 4. have no 单元知识回扣 alternative but to face failure bravely 5. While taking part in I. 1. correspondent 2. detective 3. commercials Section IV Writing 4. alternative 5. arose 6. cireumstance 7. refreshments 写作培优·增彩增分 8. shift [典例详析] II. 1. ambitious 2. historical historic 3. ultimately 遣词造句 4. admission 5. participation 6. complexity 1. will be held 2. apply to be a volunteer 3. am qualified for 7. symbolize symbolic 8. mixture mixed 9. affection 10.qualified 4. am fluent in 5. to be chosen 6. would be very grateful if qualification 11. fluency fluently 句式升级 12. sincerely 7. I'm writing to apply to be a volunteer for the Chinese III.1. in the face of 2. take action 3. come one's way painting exhibition to be held in the local art gallery. 4. be forced to do 5. take a leaf out of/from one's book 8. Besides, I am fluent in both Chinese and English, which 6. make up one's mind 7. pass up 8. have second thought helps me introduce Chinese paintings. 9. put off 10. reject. .. out of hand 11. weigh up 连句成篇 12. insight into 13. on a daily basis One possible version: 14. arise from 15. turn down Dear Sir or Madam, IV. 1. find the door locked 2. When seeing our community I'm writing to apply to be a volunteer for the Chinese finally took on a new look painting exhibition to be held in the local art gallery. Unit 2 Lessons in life Starting out &: Understanding ideas (2) recognizing Section I 4.(1)recognition (3) out of/beyond 基础梳理·新知落实 recognition (4)a. It is recognized that b. is recognized to have become I. 1. anticipate 2. widespread 3. pessimistic 4. possession 5. abnormal 6. recognition 5.(1)have been out of touch with (2) get in touch with II. 1. be reunited with 2. a pleasant surprise 3. far from haven't been in touch with (3) keep in touch with their 4. point of view 5. get distracted by 6. lose touch with parents (4)lose touch with 7. keep in touch with 8. live life to the full [重点句型] III. 1.(1)it was a pleasant surprise to find (1)忙于 (2)胜任 (3)多达 (4)it's up to us how to fill (2)it's important for young people to know 2. It's up to us it to find out 3. as if I'd been woken up from a long sleep 随堂演练·能力提升 语篇理解·要点领悟 I. 1. lose one's way 2. the path of life 3. look out for D TaskI 4. on one's/a journey 5.(be) missing from 6. the meaning Task II 1-4 DCBA of life 7. make the most of sth 8. insight into Task II 9. establish one's own values 10. open sb's eyes to sth 1. Reading this book made me feel as if I'd been woken up 11. sb's first impression 12. think back 13. teach sb a from a long sleep and finally opened my eyes to the world! lesson 14. open communication II. 1. abnormal 2. recognition 3. possessions 4. be/get 2. Warning! A box of tissues will be needed to get through this book! distracted by 5. lost touch with all his old friends 3.(1) I think it's important for young people to know that Section II Using language making a lot of money won't always make them happy, or 语法精讲·技能培养 that looking different doesn't make a person abnormal! [要点诠释] (2) Morrie makes you aware that you want to die feeling 即时演练1 that you have lived life to the full, knowing that you are (1)is designed (2) was built (3)be chosen loved and have loved others as much as you could. (4)has been 知识整合·核心突破 fixed (5)is being repaired 即时演练2 [核心词汇] (1) to go mending (2) sharing/to be shared (3)has 1.(1)moving (2) in anticipation of (3)It is remained (4)to carry anticipated that 2.(1)distracted (2) distracting (3) distractions 即时演练3 (4)are (1) Her mother was bought a new coat by her. likely to get distracted by online games A new coat was bought for her mother by her. (2)Our spare time 3.(1)possession (2)in possession of (3)in the possession of (4)do the world oceans possess abundant resources should be made full use of to develop our interests (3) He was heard to sing in the classroom after school by me. 知识整合·核心突破 sth 11. straight away 12. for nothing 13. come along [核心词汇] 14. be pleased with 15. in one's hesitation 16. address the (1)stuck (2)with (3)to (4)stuck out a leg audience 17. give... back to sb 18. later on [重点句型] II. 1. despair 2. outstretched 3. this story is no more (1)reducing (2)to find (3)making it difficult for us not interesting than that one 4. every time he puts forward a question to be affected n 5. burst out laughing Section V Writing 随堂演练·能力提升 写作培优·增彩增分 I. 1. be inspected will be improved 2. is viewed/has been viewed 3. are being displayed 4. are called 5. was needed [典例详析] 7. will be finished 8. had been 6. was being operated 遣词造句 trapped 9. be allowed 10. has been expressed 1. is based on 2. is determined to 3. loses touch with 4. Using his hands and intelligence II. 1. must be done to stop/keep/prevent 2. is/was often 5. is reunited with bringing to an end heard to sing happily 3. Many trees and flowers were planted in our school 4. will be held 句式升级 5. it was 6. Based on a true story 7. where he loses touch with 8. so being decorated Developing ideas &: Presenting ideas that he is reunited with Section III 连句成篇 基础梳理·新知落实 One possible version: I. 1. cram 2. absurd 3. lean 4. stroke 5. despair A Summary of Robinson Crusoe 6. pure 7. luxury Based on a true story, Robinson Crusoe by Daniel Defoe II. 1. rush into 2. go up to 3. burst out laughing 4. be is one of the world's most popular adventure novels. crammed with The main character Robinson Crusoe, who is British, is III. 1. every time you go to the window 2. no more absurd determined to adventure. However, on a voyage, he is than 3. Unable to find the Blue Bird anywhere 4. so very carried to a deserted island by the wind and waves kind as to give him back to us accidentally, where he loses touch with the outside world anc 语篇理解·要点领悟 spends 28 hard years. Using his hands and intelligence, he overcomes various 1-4 CAAD difficulties to manage to live on the lonely island. 知识整合·核心突破 Fortunately, he is found and rescued eventually so that he is [核心词汇] reunited with his family, bringing the abnormal life to 1.(1)rush into making a decision (2)in a rush an end. (3)rushed to her mom's room In the story, the author praises and stresses Crusoe's 2.(1)into (2)laughing (3)a burst of laughter courage and perseverance when he is faced with hardships. (4)burst in 单元知识回扣 [重点句型] I. 1. anticipate 2. widespread 3. phrase 4. fee 1.(1)Every time I come to the track (2)(the) next time I II. 1. optimistic pessimist pessimism 2. possession see him (3) The first time he came to Hangzhou (4)The 3. abnormal 4. recognition recognizable 5. cooperation moment/minute/instant/second he saw the injured girl on 6. purely purity purify 7. luxurious the street III. 1. be reunited with 2. a pleasant surprise 3. point of 2.(1)not more than (2)no more than view 4. get distracted by 5. lose touch with (3) no better than 6. live life to the full 7. rush into mine (4)more a friend than a teacher more than 8. go up to 9. burst out laughing 随堂演练·能力提升 10. be crammed with I. 1. the Nobel Prize in Literature 2. in a most unexpected IV. 1. It's up to you to decide 2. as if nothing had happened place 3. the symbolic meaning of 4. a troop of to her 3. making it possible for people to live longer than 5. introduce oneself 6. pure air 7. be dressed in 8. a burst those in the past 4. The first time I ate Chinese food of laughter 9. be reluctant to do sth 5. no better than 10. lean on/against Unit 3 The world meets China SectionI Starting out &: Understanding ideas 2. This century is bringing the Silk Road to life once more 基础梳理·新知落实 through the Belt and Road Initiative. I. 1. statue 2. peak 3. strengthen 3. The Apsaras are holding lotuses, playing musical 4. coverage II. 1. be testimony to 2. date from 3. seal up 4. fade from instruments, dancing and throwing flowers. 5. bring... to life 知识整合·核心突破 III. 1. of which there are more than 7oo 2. with their scarves [核心词汇] 1.(1)dates (2) to flying 3. In a sealed cave were hidden 4. not as (3) out of date (4) Beijing Opera prosperous as it used to be 5. Given that dating back to about 2oo years ago 语篇理解·要点领悟 2.(1)full of life (2) came to life (3)brought my dull room D Task I to life (2) To strengthen 3.(1) strengths (3) build up Task II 1-4 DAAB Task II your strength [重点句型] 1. The Apsaras are depicted sailing in the bright blue sky, (1)canceled (2)to help with their scarves flying, as if they are about to fly down (3) With you helping me with my English to meet us.