Unit 2 作业(四) SectionⅠStarting out&Understanding ideas-【精讲精练】2024-2025学年高中英语选择性必修第三册知能达标训练（外研版2019）

6.A 细节理解题。根据第二段倒数第二句“In 10.B 根据语境可知,此处表达的是作者逐渐变得 fact, most people make up their minds about 擅长与陌生人交谈。strangers陌生人。 other people in the first five minutes or less 11.D根据上文中提到的作者患有脸盲症可推知, whenmeetingsomeone.(事实上,大多数人在和 来给作者庆祝生日的六十多位朋友当中,有很多 别人见面后的前五分钟甚至更短的时间内就对 人作者都辨认不出来。recognise认出,识别。 别人做出了判断)”可知,人们很快就会做出是否 12.C 根据语境尤其是空后的but可知,此处表达 喜欢这个人的判断。故选A。 的是:事实上,我能通过上课来治疗我的疾病, 7.C 推理判断题。根据第三段最后一句“This 但我更想把时间花费在我喜爱的事情上,比如 includes doing your homework to gather information 看鸟。 and researching all possible issues so you will 13.D 参见上题解析。 know how to address them, should the other 14.B 根据上文可知,作者更想把时间花费在自己 party raise some unexpected questions.(这包括 喜爱的事情上,而看鸟就是作者喜爱的事情之 你要做功课来收集信息并研究所有可能出现的 一,所以作者辨认这些鸟时会有一种兴奋的感 问题,这样,万一另一方提出一些出乎意料的问 觉。thrill兴奋。 题,你就会知道如何解决)”可知,根据作者的观 15.D 根据下文“I've learnt to see the world”可 点,尽可能多地了解情况可能有助于面试。故 知,此处表达的是由于脸盲症,作者学会了看 选C。 世界。 8.B 推理判断题。前文已经讲述了第一印象的重 作业(四) 要性,结合文章最后一段的最后一句“Having good qualifications and excellent work performance [层级1 基础知识自测] do not excuse candidates from trying to make a I. 1. grocery 2. uncomplicated 3. celebrity good first impression.(即使有优秀的学历和杰出 4. faraway 5. Fashion 6. posed 的工作表现,求职申请人也需要留下良好的第一 II. 1. off 2. fascination 3. devotion 4. into 印象)”可以推知,后文应该会更详细地介绍一些 5. expressing 6. for 7. fashionable 给别人留下良好的第一印象的做法。故选B。 8. uncomplicated 9. focused 1 10.of II. [语篇解读] 本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。作者偶 III. 1. Nor does the job interest her 然发现自己患有一种罕见的疾病--脸盲症。医 2. It was his absence of mind during driving that 生告知作者该疾病到目前为止没有治愈的可能性, 3. keeps the students focused on their study 作者因此很绝望。作者的父亲提了一些建议,这些 IV. 1. to pose 2. relatively 3. where 4. inspiration 建议改变了作者的生活。 5. was 6. coming 7. off 8. uncomplicated 1. B 根据上文中的“a going-away party for 9. offered 10.than Sandy”可知,作者为Sandy送行,第二天上班时 [层级2 素养能力提升] 又看到了Sandy,因此作者肯定很吃惊 I. [语篇解读] 本文是一篇记叙文,主要讲述了 2. A 根据空前的“Aren't you supposed to be in 罗伯特·富尔顿的人生经历,他最初是一位画家, London?”和空后的“I'mHelen.”可推知,对方应 后来致力于研究蒸汽船的应用。 是盯着作者看。 1.C 推理判断题。根据第三段中的“Butlike 3.C 根据空前的“foundout”可知,此处是作者发 Henry Ford, Fulton's talent ... in the marketplace." 现自己患有脸盲症,这一发现促使作者去看医生。 可知,亨利·福特的天赋不在于发明而在于产品 4.C 作者对这件事没想太多。因为不管怎样作者 在市场上的应用,故选C。 是一个成功的成年人,如果自己的大脑与其他人 2.B 细节理解题。根据第四段中的“In1804,he 的不一样,谁又会在意呢? tested the first... the United States two years 5.D 参见上题解析。brain大脑,脑力。 later.”可知,1804年,富尔顿成功测试了第一艘 6. A 根据空后的“After a sadgoodbye,I fled in 潜水艇,这使得他在两年后一回到美国就成了名 tears.”可推知,此处应该是说医生认为作者的脸 人,由此可知他是在1806年在美国成名的,故 盲症没有治愈的希望。promising有希望的。 选B。 7. C 根据上文中的“After a sadgoodbye,I fled in 3.A 细节理解题。根据第五段中的“...Fulton's tears.”可推知,作者很绝望。desperate绝望的, boat... was a hit. Within five years, Fulton was 无望的。 running services on six major rivers plus the 8.A 根据空前的“Dad gave me some important Chesapeake Bay, and bringing in great profits." advice”以及作者的父亲所说的话可推知,此处表 可知,富尔顿的船受到了人们的欢迎,使富尔顿 示父亲给作者的指点改变了作者的生活。tip指 挣了很多钱,故选A。 点建议。 4.B 标题归纳题。根据第一段可知,一位聪明的 9.B 根据语境可知,此处表示如果有人看向作者, 技术专家将蒸汽船变成了第一个商业蒸汽船服 作者会微笑。 务系统。由第二段第一句可知,虽然富尔顿没有 发明汽船,但他在使汽船旅行成为现实方面起了 6.B 根据空前的still可知,当作者从事艺术的时 重要作用。由最后一段中的“..,Fulton's 侯,作者的大脑变得非常安静。此空与still意义 boat ... was a hit ... bringing in great profits." 应该一致。painful“痛苦的”;quiet“安静的”; 可知富尔顿的船受到了人们的欢迎,让他赚了很 messy“杂乱的”;full“完整的” 多钱。综上所述,本文主要讲述了罗伯特·富尔 7. C 根据前面"my brain becomes very still and 顿将蒸汽船发展成第一个商业蒸汽船服务系统 6 and the only thing that exists is tha 的人生经历,故选B。 moment of creating with the paintbrush and the [语篇解读] 本文是一篇说明文。解释了人们一 colors and the paper”和后面的“because that's all 坐公交车就容易入睡的原因。 thereis”可推知,这是一个奇妙的地方。strange 5.C 写作意图题。文章主要解释了人们在汽车上 “奇怪的;陌生的”;noisy“嘈杂的”;wonderful 容易入睡的原因,故C项正确。 “精彩的;美好的;奇妙的”;distant“遥远的”。 6.B 细节理解题。从第二段中的“White noise 8.D 与上文的“thatmomentof creating”呼应,此 masks distracting sounds and is helpful for 处表示只是创作的那一刻。act“表演”;play“玩 people who have trouble getting sleep.”可知白 要;演奏”;think“思考”;create“创造” 噪音可以掩盖使人分心的声音,从而帮助有睡眠 障碍的人们入睡,故B项正确。从第二段中的 9. A 根据后面的“the paint onto a wet piece of “White noise is a type of noise produced by paper and it just sort of spreads."和下文的"that combining sounds with different frequencies youcan'tcontrol”可知,创作水彩画的时候,你把 together.”可知,白噪音是由不同频率的声音组 颜料滴到一张湿纸上,然后它就会扩散。drop 成的,故A项错误。C、D项文中未提及,故错误。 “滴落;落下”;pour“倾倒”;stick“粘”;apply 7.C 词义猜测题。induce表示“导致,引起”,文中 “利用;敷”。 指确切来说并不是汽车的晃动直接导致了睡眠。 10.B 你把颜料滴到一张湿纸上,可以增加另外一 reduce“减少”;destroy“毁坏”;cause“导致,引 种颜料,让它进行扩散,然后自动地形成一幅 起,使发生”;change“改变”,故C项正确。 画。bring“带来”;add“添加”;remove“移走; 8. D 细节理解题。从最后一段中的“Carbon 除去”;mix“混合” dioxide increases... This reduces oxygen to the 11.C 结合语境可知,在你增加另外一种颜料的时 brain and slows it down, causing people to feel 侯,应该会选择不同的颜色,让画面更加美丽鲜 sleepy.”可知,车厢中二氧化碳增多使得大脑中 艳。thick“厚的”;mild“温和的”;different 的供氧量减少,从而容易产生困意,故D项正确。 “不同的”;bright“明亮的”。 II. [语篇解读] 本文主要讲述经历了一次人生不 12. D 根据上文的“Andwithwatercolors...that 幸之后,作者通过学习水彩画,享受生活乐趣的 willspread.”的描述可知,你可以把颜料滴到一 故事。 张湿纸上,然后它就会扩散,你可以再加一种颜 1.A 根据前面的“I wasbittenbya mosquito 料,一种不同的颜色,然后它就会扩散。你会得 carrying West Nile virus. I was lying in bed for 到一些你无法控制的美丽的组合。complex“复 threemonths”可知,作者感染病毒之后卧床三个 杂的”;familiar“熟悉的”;ordinary“普通的”; 月,说明这次遭遇很严重,她说话都有困难。 beautiful“美丽的”。 problem“问题”;lesson“教训;课程”; 13.B 与前面“can'tcontrol”呼应,这些画自动地形 connection“联系”;condition“状况” 成,说明了水彩画的奇妙。escape“逃离;逃 2.B 作者遭遇不幸,并且时间长达两年多,因此作 避”;happen“发生”;wait“等待”;disappear 者意识到自己再也不能工作了。dream“梦见”; “消失”。 realize“意识到”;admit“承认”;intend“打算”。 3. C 根据前面的“I 2 Iwas never going to be 14.D 根据最后一句“howit looks in the end.”可 abletoworkagain,”可知,作者不能工作了,所以 知,对于作者来说,进行这种艺术创作,最重要 的是在过程中享受快乐。patience“耐心”; 希望寻找一些能够使生活有意义的事情来做。 makeup“组成;化妆;弥补”;takedown“记下”; determination“决心”;talent“才智;天赋”;fun lookfor“寻找”;put forward“提出”。 “乐趣”。 4. D 根据空后的“a sense of meaning and 15. A 与前面的“have 14 in the process of purpose”可知,应该使自己的生活有意义,有目 doing.”呼应,指作者认为自已进行这种爱好的 标。mind“头脑”;career“职业” 时候,享受的是快乐的过程,而不是迷恋于最后 5.A 结合第二段第一句可知,作者想做一些有意 作品会是什么样子。beattachedto“依恋;附属 义的事情,因此转向艺术,开始学习艺术了。turn 于”;be accustomed to“习惯于”;be compared to“转向;求助”;showoff“炫耀”;dealwith“处 to“比较;被比作”;beexposedto“接触;暴 理;对付”;liveon“靠.....为生”。 露于”。O英语·选择性必修第三册（配WY版） Unit 2 A life's work 作业（四）Section I Starting out Understanding ideas 层级①基础知识自测 : 10.Students can obtain quality education resources through“Internet plus education”programs I.单词拼写 regardless where they are. 1.America's largest (食品杂货店) Ⅲ.完成句子 store chain will be bringing two new stores to 1.她没有打字的经验，那种工作她也不感兴趣。 Oakland. (倒装句) 2.Despite their outstanding crafts,these masters She has no experience in typing. of art lead a(n) (简单的)way of : life. 2.正是他开车时的心不在焉才造成了这次严重的 3.In the Internet era,one could become a web 事故。（强调句） (名人)within seconds. caused the serious accident. 4.They have just returned from 3.考上大学的决心使学生们专注于他们的学习，让 (遥远的)places with wonderful stories to tell.. 他们不断地进步。(keep十宾语十宾语补足语) (时尚)is the area of activity that The determination to go to college involves styles of clothing and appearance. enabling them to 6.The model (摆好姿势)herself for make progress gradually. the art students. V.课文语法填空 Ⅱ.单句语法填空 Bill Cunningham was one of the most important 1.I've decided to take a few days American photographers of the last 50 years so next week because I have been too tired so far. that every member of New York's wealthy high 2.My Chinese teacher knew my society wanted nothing more than 1. (fascinate)with reading and made sure I had (pose)for him.Cunningham always used simple, great books to read. 2. (relative)cheap cameras and took 3.Mei Lanfang's lifelong devote) all his pictures on the streets of New York. to Peking Opera has made him one of the most Although he always knew 3. outstanding artists of all time. fashionable parties and events were happening, 4.He has put a lot of time and effort Cunningham liked to photograph ordinary people.He passing the exam and getting the certificate. found 4. (inspire)where others could 5.To get your opinions across,you need to change not.In addition,what made Cunningham great : 5. (be)his devotion to photography. your approach to (express)them. 6.Years of hard training and the strong passion He would even stay outside in a storm,not 6. (come)back until he knew he had the sports earned him the the right photos.He hardly ever took a day championship in the Olympic Games. 7. and not once stayed home sick. 7.This cellphone is (fashion)and Although he was a world-famous fashion easy to carry,so it is popular among the young photographer,Cunningham's approach to life was people. 8. (complicate).Cunningham never 8.He is good at solving problems in a practical, 、 accepted the benefits 9. (offer)to (complicate)manner. him.All his attention was focused on his craft.He 9.With all your energies (focus)on passed away at the age of 87 and his hard work the study of French,you will master the made him more 10. a fashion language. 、 photographer-he was a "cultural anthropologist". 10 层级②素养能力提升 1.What can be inferred from Paragraph 3? A.Henry Ford was as unfortunate as John Fitch. I.阅读理解 B.Fulton left the arts as he couldn't support A himself. A clever technologist used steamboat inventions C.Henry Ford was talented in the product's and turned them into the first commercial steamboat application. service. D.Fulton was the first to create a working steamship. Although Robert Fulton did not invent the 2.When did Fulton become a celebrity in the steamboat,as is commonly believed,he played an United States? important role in making steamboat travel a: A.1n1804. B.In1806. reality.He was born in Pennsylvania in 1765.As a C.In1807. D.In1812. young man,he set out to make his name as a3.What is mentioned about Clermont? portrait painter.His career took him to Europe and A.It earned Fulton much money. into the orbit of people with the power to support B.It operated for five years. him politically and financially. C.It had an American steam engine. Fulton entered London society after he painted D.It was not accepted by people at first. Benjamin Franklin's portrait.While abroad,Fulton:4.What's the best title for the text? left the arts for a career in shipbuilding.He was A.Robert Fulton:A Great Inventor interested in the recently-invented steam engine, B.Robert Fulton and His Steamboat and thought it could be used to power ships. C.Steamboats Changing Water Transport Fulton's vision was not original;many others had D.The History of Commercial Steamboats entered the field,and the unfortunate inventor B John Fitch had built a working steamship already. Ulu Travel Agency,a tour company in Hong But like Henry Ford,Fulton's talent lay not in the Kong,has designed and launched a five-hour bus invention but in the product's application in the journey specifically for customers to sleep as much marketplace. as they want.Tickets for the first tour on Oct 16 Fulton didn't focus entirely on the steamboat. sold out right away.Many find it easy to fall asleep In 1804,he tested the first submarine successfully, during a long bus trip.But why?According to which he had built for the British Royal Navy.His smartsleepingtips.com,there are several possible invention made him a celebrity upon his return to reasons. the United States two years later.Fulton's partner White noise is a type of noise produced by Robert Livingston obtained an exclusive license for combining sounds with different frequencies steamboat services on New York's Hudson River. together.Buses are often crowded every day with It was time for Fulton to deliver. people going to and from work.Therefore,they are the perfect environment for white noise.They To build an efficient,reliable steamboat, produce consistent noises,like the hum of tires Fulton used a special English steam engine.The (轮胎)or the purring(嗡嗡声)of the engine.. ship's bottom was flat and its stern was square. White noise masks distracting sounds and is The steamboat Clermont made its debut(首次亮相) helpful for people who have trouble getting sleep. on August 17,1807,steaming on the river from Another popular view on why it's easy to fall New York to Albany,and it soon entered asleep on buses is because of the rocking motion. commercial services.The hilly terrain of New York The motion of buses resembles a mother swaying a made water transport faster than land transport,baby in her arms.It is very comfortable.However, and Fulton's boat-formerly known as the it's not exactly the rocking movement that induces "North River Steamboat"-was a hit.Within five sleep.Rather,it's the association between rocking years,Fulton was running services on six major and sleeping.If you were rocked to sleep as a baby, rivers plus the Chesapeake Bay,and bringing in you'd associate that rocking motion with going to great profits. sleep. 11 。英语·选择性必修第三册（配WY版） On buses,you don't move around very much. When I do art,my brain becomes very still You just sit down and enjoy the scenery as the and 6 and the only thing that exists is that vehicle moves along the road.Basically,you're moment of creating with the paintbrush and the away from the things that keep your mind and your colors and the paper.And it's such a 7 place to physical body busy.This inactivity also slows your be because that's all there is.It's just that moment brain activity down because there's no stimulus of 8. (刺激物)to keep it awake. And with watercolors,there are ways in Buses often get crowded with people going to which you 9 the paint onto a wet piece of and from work.Carbon dioxide increases when paper and it just sort of spreads,and you can there are lots of people in a small place.This 10 another drop of paint to it,a 11 color, reduces oxygen to the brain and slows it down, and that will spread.And you get some just 12 causing people to feel sleepy. combinations that you can't control;that 5.What's the purpose of the article? just 13. A.To introduce a new bus service in Hong Kong. The most important thing is to have 14 in B.To promote tourism in Hong Kong. the process of doing it because,for me,that's the C.To explain why the bus tour may help people place that I like to be.It is in the process and not sleep. so 15 to how it looks in the end. D.To report on new findings about sleeping on 1.A.problems B.lessons buses. ! C.connections D.conditions 6.Why is white noise effective for sleeping according 2.A.dreamt B.realized to the text? C.admitted D.intended A.It produces sounds with the same frequency. 3.A.making up B.taking down B.It helps block out distracting sounds. C.looking for D.putting forward C.It is associated with the rocking motion. 4.A.mind B.family D.It gives listeners something to focus on. C.career D.life 7.What does the underlined word“induces”in 5.A.turned to B.showed off Paragraph 3 mean? C.dealt with D.lived on A.Reduces. B.Destroys. 6.A.painful B.quiet C.Causes. D.Changes. C.messy D.full 8.What can we learn from the last two paragraphs? 7.A.strange B.noisy A.Long periods of inactivity are bad for one's C.wonderful D.distant health. 8.A.acting B.playing B.People will find it hard to sleep in a crowded C.thinking D.creating place. 9.A.drop B.pour C.The moving scenery outside is helpful for C.stick D.apply sleep. 10.A.bring B.add D.The thinner oxygen inside the bus makes C.remove D.mix people sleepy. 11.A.thick B.mild Ⅱ.完形填空 C.different D.bright Several years ago,I was bitten by a mosquito 12.A.complex B.familiar carrying West Nile virus.I was lying in bed for C.ordinary D.beautiful three months and had 1 with speech.My left 13.A.escapes B.happens leg didn't work right.About two years and a half C.waits D.disappears into this,I 2 I was never going to be able to 14.A.patience B.determination work again,so I started 3 something that C.talent D.fun would give my 4 a sense of meaning and 15.A.attached B.accustomed purpose.So I 5 art. C.compared D.exposed 12