Unit 5 作业(十四) Section Ⅱ Learning About Language-【精讲精练】2024-2025学年高中英语选择性必修第四册知能达标训练（人教版2019）

4. A 根据上文中的“Brian was sitting in...head on his 7.并列句 8. 简单句 9.复合句-定语从句 knees”可知,Brian的状态一直不好,不愿与他人交流, 10.简单句 据此可以推知,他的家人与他的这种情况进行了斗争。 II. 1. the tax was introduced to help reduce childhood 5. D 根据下文中的“this caused him a lot of anger and obesity 状语 定语 定语 sadness”可知,这给他带来了气愤和悲伤。所以空处应 2. This ability is called an"allocentric frame of reference" 表示“不幸地” 后置定语 宾语 状语 6. A 根据下文中的“Brianoften and wouldn't 3. The friendship had its root in the fact 定语 同位语 communicate withothers”可知,Brian不愿与他人沟 让步状语 通,由此可推断他处理生活中的消极情绪的能力有限。 4.同位语 定语 that或which limited有限的;unique独特的;remarkable非凡的; 5. while 主谓 主谓宾 定语 more teachers permanent永恒的。 III. 1. so that they can develop their communication skill 7. B 根据本句中的“wouldn't communicate with others” 2. and pay attention to what the teachers were saying 可知,Brian经常沉默寡言。 3. However, what is the most important for me is that I 8. C 根据上文中的“With a... communicate with others” don't have to be under their supervision every day 可知,Brian不愿与他人沟通,并且完全理解和处理生 4. I hope that the day will come soon and I can enjoy the 活中的消极情绪的能力有限;所以此处指作者知道自 freedom that I want. 己对他应该有耐心一些。 5. I want to go to a faraway city while my parents wish me 9. A 根据上文中的“Brian often...with others”可以推 to stay in our province. 知,Brian不愿与他人交流,所以这里作者是想让Brian IV. 1. decision 2. choosing 3. that/which 4. describing 加入团体中。 5. what 6. best 7. for 8. Finally 9. working 10. D 根据下文中的“in the fun...he couldplay”可以推 10. satisfied 知,在上排球课时作者看见Brian从角落里出来了。 [层级2 素养能力提升] 11.C 根据下文中的“Hesitantly,he...he could play”可 I. 知,Brian询问作者他是否也能打(排球)。据此可以推 知,Brian对这个活动很感兴趣。 【语篇解读】 说明文。介绍了个性测试与职业选择的关 12. C 根据上文中的“I sawBrian come...moving closer” 系,并告诉人们应如何选择合适的职业。 可知,Brian离作者有一段距离。据此可知,他应该是 1.B 推理判断题。根据第一段第一句可知,一些人认为 靠近作者然后再询问作者。 通过个性测试来选择职业是不合理的。 13. A 根据第二段中的“this caused him a lot of anger 2.A 细节理解题。根据第一段中的“theresultsare andsadness”可知,这给他带来了很多愤怒和悲伤。据 probably a lot more accurate than I'd like to admit(测试 此可以推知,Brian最终决定放下自己的愤怒 结果可能比我愿意承认的要准确得多)”以及“Ithinki 14. B 根据上文中的“Onthis night... take part in the might have had some points that fit my personality(我 fun”可知,在这天晚上,Brian终于决定放下他的愤怒 认为它可能有一些符合我个性的地方)”可知,作者认为 参与到活动中来。据此可以推知,Brian已经能主动融 该测试结果与她性格的某些方面相符。 入团体中,与别人开始交流,所以此处应该是Brian和 3.D细节理解题。根据第二段后两句可知尽管有很多 其他孩子一同离开排球场。 准确的个性评估,但作者认为它们是第二选择,最好的 15.D 根据第一段中的“Brian was sitting in...head on 选择是自我评估。可推知,只有更多地了解自己,才能 his knees”以及第四段中的“Onthisnight,Briar 知道自己梦想的工作是什么。 had...take part inthe fun”可知,作者通过努力使之前 4.B 细节理解题。根据倒数第二段可知,这名学生被安 一直不愿与他人交流、常常坐在角落里的Brian开始 排在观鲸项目中,在那里他发现自己乘坐任何类型的船 融入团体中。由此推知,作者知道自己至少正在对这 都会严重晕船。可推知,这名学生严重晕船,因而不适 些孩子的生活产生小的影响。makeadifference意为 合这项工作。 “有影响”。 。 作业(十四) 【语篇解读】说明文。文章主要讲述了美国国家航空航 [层级1 基础知识自测] 天局努力使太空园艺成为可能。 I.1.简单句 2.简单句 3.复合句--定语从句 4.复 5.B 推理判断题。根据文章第二段“Eveninawell 合句-状语从句 5.并列句 6.复合句-宾语从句 controlled environment like on the ISS, growing a plant 30 in space is not an easy task. Traditionally, roots grow 4. Largely 考查副词。设空处修饰self-taught,应用副 and spread downwards due to gravity. Still, in space. 词,故填Largely。 where the effect of gravity is negligible , things change. 5.a 考查冠词。设空处表示泛指,故填a。 ”可知,太空种植的植物可能雪要更多的努力。故选B. 6. themselves 考查代词。本句指残雪和她丈夫通过自 6.B 细节理解题。根据文章第四段可知,建立“Veggie” 学做衣服成功开了一家裁缝店。teachoneself意为“自 是为了保持整个系统运行。故选B。 学”,故填themselves。 7. Regarded 7.D 推理判断题。根据文章第五段可推知,Veggie通过 1 考查动词-ed形式。设空处作状语,且 提供必要的设施来工作。故选D。 regard与CanXue之间是逻辑上的动宾关系,故填 8.B 标题归纳题。根据文章第一段中的“Butwhatabout Regarded。 8. using the few people who live - although for a short span o 考查动词-ing形式。设空处作状语,且he time - in space? Is it possible for them to grow plants works与use之间是逻辑上的主谓关系,故填using。 9. conventional on board the spaceship and be self-sufficient for weeks 考查形容词。设空处作定语,修饰 onend?Yes,itis.”可知,文章主要讲述了美国国家航 storytelling,应用形容词,表示“传统的”,故填 conventional。 空航天局努力使太空园艺成为可能。故选B. 10. have been translated II.【语篇解读】说明文。文章介绍了在选择职业道路的 1 考查现在完成时的被动语态。 时候你可能需要考虑的事情。 根据Sofar及语境可知,设空处应用现在完成时,且主 1.A 根据上下文可知,设空处应该承接前文内容--有 语 only a small number of her books 和 translate 之间 是被动关系,应用被动语态,故填havebeen 些人已经确定了自己的职业道路,且后文针对这个情况 translated。 提出了几件需要考虑的事情。A项承上启下,“manyof 作业(十五) vou”对应前句中的“Someofyou”。故选A。 [层级1 基础知识自测] 2. B 根据上文“First, does the career you are considering I. 1. acquire 2. purse 3. sewed 4. handwriting have staying power? Will it be in demand in 20 years? 5. Fried 6. priority 7. receipt 8. finance Rapid technological change is destructive.”可知,此处 II. 1. conclusion 2. deserted 3. dedicated 4. priority 提出技术变革会改变职业,要考虑未来可能的变化, 5. woolen/woollen 6. acquiring 7. parking B项承接上文,提出要展望职业前景。故选B. 8. fried 3.D 根据上文可知,此处提出选择职业前要进行自我评 III. 1. can satisfy/meet all the relevant requirements 估。D项承接上文,说明这样做的作用,“This”指代上 2. I know how to attend(to) them 文 中"examine your values, skills and personality 3. no matter what difficulties I come across types”。故选D。 4. will dedicate myself to/be dedicated to all the work 4.E 根据上文提出与高薪相伴的是更多的付出与挑战。 5. In conclusion: I hold the strong belief tha E项承接上文,说明什么样的人才能应对这些挑战。 IV. 1. to 2. helper 3. are required 4. varieties 5. a “these challenges”指代上文的"require more time to get 6. friendly 7. which 8. working 0 9. has been to the top...”。故选E。 10. to decide 5.G 设空句是末段首句,是对全文的总结。G项提出考 [层级2 素养能力提升] 虑一生的事业是具有挑战性的事情,下文用一句谚语给 I. 出解答,从而实现对全文的总结。故选G。 A III.【语篇解读】说明文。文章介绍了2023年诺贝尔文 【语篇解读】 说明文。文章介绍的是工程老师史密斯带 学奖热门候选人--中国作家残雪。 领的15名学生,利用水培技术开发并建造了新型农场。 1.whose 考查关系代词。设空处引导非限制性定语从 1.D 细节理解题。根据第三段中“Fifteenengineering 句,且在从句中作定语修饰pen-name,故填whose。 students at the school, led by Smith, their engineering 2.and 考查连词。both...and...为固定搭配,此处指 teacher, have developed and built the farm using 残雪的笔名既表示拒绝融化的脏雪又表示高山上一尘 aquaponics technology, combining the methods of 不染的雪,故填and。 hydroponics, growing plants with water rather than 3.graduated 考查一般过去时。根据Whenshe was soil, and aquaculture, the process of growing and young和lost可知,设空处描述的动作发生在过去,应 raisingfish.”可知,学生们在农场中使用的是养鱼与无 用一般过去时,故填graduated 土种植相结合的方法建造农场。故选D作业（十四）SectionⅡ Learning about Language 层级①基础知识自测 sugar per100mL”为 从句，修饰先行词 the tax,其中“containing more than5 g of sugar I,判断下列句子是简单句、并列句还是复合句 perl00mL”为现在分词作 ,修饰soft 1.Both Tom and Jack enjoy country music. drinks 2.There is a chair in this room,isn't there? 2.This ability to recognize that a shape will need to be turned in a specific direction before it will fit is called an "allocentric frame of reference". 3.(2023·浙江1月卷)Last weekend,I took part in 分析：本句的主干是： an event held by the Students'Union,which is 。其中“to recognize that a aimed at educating us more about daily biology. shape will need to be turned in a specific 4.(2023·新课标I卷读后续写)Indeed,I got a direction before it will fit'”为动词不定式作 ,修饰ability,其中包含一个由that引导的 taste of victory and learned to pursue my dream with perseverance,whatever difficulties might 从句，作recognize的宾语，而这个从句 中又包含一个由before引导的 从句。 arise. 5.Neither has he changed his mind,nor will he do 3.The friendship that grew out of the experience of s0. making that film and The Sting four years later 6.(2023·新课标I卷，读后续写)L,earning much had its root in the fact that although there was from it,I came to understand why cactuses and an age difference,we both came from a tradition other dry plants have sharp leaves. of theater and live TV. 7.It is the time of year for the rice harvest,so 分析：本句的主干是： every day I work from dawn until dark. 其中“grew out of...later”"为that 引导的 从句，修饰先行词friendship:后 8.Having never operated a computer,Mr Johnson 面的“although there was...live TV"为that引 met with a lot of difficulties at first. 导的 从句，解释说明fact的内容。此 9.We grow rice in the south of the States,but in 外，句中还包含了一个although引导的 the north where it is colder they grow wheat. 从句。 4.Terrafugia says an owner would need to pass a 10.My brother and I go to school at half past seven test and complete 20 hours of flying time to be in the morning and come back home at seven in able to fly the Transition,a requirement pilots the evening. would find relatively easy to meet. Ⅱ，分析下面的长句 分析：本句中a requirement为 ,是对前 1.First announced in April,2016,the tax which 面的内容做补充说明，“pilots would find applies to soft drinks containing more than 5g of relatively easy to meet'”是 从句，省略了 sugar per 100mL,was introduced to help reduce 充当宾语的关系代词 ,修饰先行词 childhood obesity. requirementa 分析：本句的主干是： 5.Priority has also been shifted from middle 其中“First announced in schools to primary schools,while more teachers April,2016”为过去分词作 ;“which who teach music,art and information applies to soft drinks containing more than 5g of technology have joined the team. 47 。英语·选择性必修第四册（配RJ版） 分析：此句是并列句，并列连词 连接两 getting a monthly salary,then starting your own 个并列句，第一个分句是 结构，第二个 business probably is not 7. you. 分句是 结构，其中含有who引导的 : 8. final),remember that you can 从句，修饰先行词 always change your mind.Most people change jobs Ⅲ.语法与写作 several times during their 9. (work)life. 1.在我看来，学生应该多听多说，这样他们就可以 Allow yourself to change if you are not 发展他们的沟通技巧。 10. (satisfy)with your chosen career. As far as I am concerned,students should do 层级②素养能力提升 more listening and speaking I,阅读理解 A 2.在过去，我们必须安静地坐在课桌前，注意听老 (2o24·济宁高二检测)Whenever I talk about 师讲话。 personality in relation to choosing a career,some In the past,we had to sit at our desks in silence people complain like this:Those tests are so stupid.When I was in sixth grade.I took one of 3.而对我而言最重要的是我不用每天处于他们的 them and it said that I should be a farmer.While I 监督之下了。（含名词性从句的复合句） don't think I would be a very good farmer,the results are probably a lot more accurate than I'd like to admit.At the time,it seemed 4.我希望那一天快快到来，这样我就能够享受到我 unreasonable-I hated the outdoors and physical 想要的自由了。（并列复合句） activities.Now,I think it might have had some points that fit my personality:I like planning (good for planning how to grow crops),working by myself (for those long days on an agricultural 5.我想去遥远的城市而我的父母希望我待在省内。 machine),and sometimes working on a team (for (并列句) harvest time). Watch out for any personality test that claims to be able to tell you what your dream job is by the IN,语法填空 type of animal you'd like to be,or from your For many students,the most important favorite breakfast food as a child.While there are 1. (decide)they must make at school is many personality assessments that are accurate, choosing a career.But 2. (choose)the I'd like to say that they are a second step.The best right career is not easy.So how do you find one choice is self-assessments. that you will enjoy? Before finding ways to know your work Before you choose a career,think about your preferences.it's important to make a clear interests and your talents,and then think about difference between liking a topic and liking the jobs 3. fit them.Ask yourself:What do I work.I once met a third-year marine biology enjoy doing?What do I do well? student at a large state school in Ohio.He applied Next,learn about your career choices.See if for and was placed into the Whale Watch program, the library has books 4. (describe) where he found out that he became terribly seasick different kinds of work.Also,try out careers by on any kind of boat-a big disadvantage for a taking part-time jobs. student who thought he wanted to study whales in Then consider 5. is important to the wild. you.Perhaps you like working face to face with The best match is a career in which the major people.If so,a job as a computer programmer may tasks of the work are the tasks you most enjoy not be the 6. (good)choice.If you like doing and the topic is one of interest.If that career 48 doesn't exist,my advice would be to take the job Roots grow in all directions in space.Other where there is a skill match.In this way,you will nutrients and water,which are essential for the succeed at the basic tasks of your job and perhaps growth of a plant,float all over the place!Can you become interested in it. imagine a plant floating in a spaceship,with its 1.What is some people's opinion on choosing a roots sticking out in every direction like the career through personality tests? tentacles of a slimy sea creature surrounded by A.It is well trying. water and other nutrients? B.It's unreasonable. Therefore.keeping this entire system going is C.It's of just a little help. very important.To achieve this,NASA astronauts D.It might lead to failure. Rick Mastracchio and Steve Swanson set up a 2.What does the author think of the personality special container named "Veggie"a few years ago, test she took when she was young? specifically designed for "space gardening"on A.She thinks it showed some part of her the ISS. personality. Veggie contains“plant pillows”,which are B.She admits it forecast her present job essentially bags of fertilizer and dirt released in a accurately. controlled manner to facilitate plant growth.In the C.She finds it helpless for her. bags,small wicks are installed that absorb D.She has little interest in it. water.Seeds are glued to the wicks and arranged 3.What is the best way to know your personality? in the correct position so that their roots grow A.Trying your dream job in real practice. unidirectionally (downward)and "push out"of the B.Doing accurate personality assessments. bag.For the plants to grow properly (i.e., C.Taking personality tests on your favourite things. upward),LED lights shine above the plants, D.Knowing and understanding yourself more. ! provide light for the shoots and support 4.Why was the marine biology student unsuitable photosynthesis the process by which plants for his job? prepare their food)for proper plant growth. A.He liked his major but disliked the job. Space agencies worldwide are striving to B.He felt sick travelling on a boat. develop more advanced methods and procedures to C.He was a bit afraid of marine animals. enable astronauts to safely grow and eat vegetables D.He knew little about his preferences. from space-grown vegetables. B : 5.What does paragraph 2 mainly suggest? Many of the foods we regularly eat in our daily A.Astronauts want to live a sustainable life. lives come from plants,which are essential for our : B.Space-grown plants might take more efforts. survival on the "blue planet."But what about the C.Plants have been successfully grown in space. few people who live-although for a short span of D.ISS makes it possible for plants to grow at time一in space？Is it possible for them to grow will. plants on board the spaceship and be self-sufficient:6.Why is Veggie set up? for weeks on end?Yes,it is. ! A.To honor someone. In fact,astronauts aboard the International B.To keep a system going. Space Station (ISS)ate the first space-grown salad C.To start up an enterprise. (red romaine lettuce)on August 10,2015.Even in D.To solve nutrient problem. a well-controlled environment like on the ISS. 7.How does Veggie work? growing a plant in space is not an easy task. A.By turning to LED lights. Traditionally,roots grow and spread downwards B.By positioning wicks upward. due to gravity.Still,in space,where the effect of C.By absorbing nutrition from dirt. gravity is negligible(忽略不计的)，things change. D.By providing necessary facilities. 49 。英语·选择性必修第四册（配RJ版）】 8.Which of the following can be the best title for C.Trying different work can help you find out your the text? favorite job. A.ISS have astronauts work to grow food in space D.This can help you decide if a career path is a B.NASA strives to make space gardening possible good fit for you. C.Space agencies commit themselves to food safety E.Only the truly motivated will likely be able to D.Food growth enables spaceships to be self-reliable meet these challenges. Ⅱ.七选五 F.People's wages are lower in industries with slow You will be leaving this school at the end of technological change. this year and the unavoidable question many people G.Thinking about a life-long career at this stage in will ask you is,“So,what do you want to be?” your life is surely challenging. Some of you may have already decided on a career Ⅲ.语法填空 path.I Here are some things you might want Can Xue Deng Xiaohua),1. pen- to consider. name in Chinese means both the dirty snow that First,does the career you are considering have refuses to melt 2. the purest snow at the staying power?Will it be in demand in 20 years? top of a high mountain,was born in 1953 in Rapid technological change is destructive.2 Changsha City,Hunan Province.When she was While many occupations are being taken over by young,Can Xue lost her chance for further new technology,jobs that require high-level of education and only 3. (graduate）from critical thinking,emotional intelligence and human elementary school.4. large)self- interaction,remain in high demand.These jobs are taught,she loved literature so much that she read more adaptable and not easily replaced by machines fiction and poetry whenever she could.In her or technology. younger days,she liked classical Western literature Second,choose a career that interests you. and Russian literature the best,and they remain Some people might think this is unimportant,but her favorites today.It was at the age of thirty, if you are truly passionate about your job then married and with a son,that Can Xue began to going to work every day won't seem a chore.It's write.She was working as 5. tailor with also likely that you will stay and grow in this her husband at the time;the couple had opened a career.Before making a choice,you should shop after teaching 6. they)to make examine your values,skills and personality types. clothes. 3 7. (regard)as one of the most Third,of course you will want to consider experimental writers in the world by some literary your chosen profession's earning power!Although scholars and readers,Can Xue describes her works high pay plays a part,you should know that a job as"life literature."Though written,or at least with a big salary will likely require more time to translated.8. (use)concrete,often simple get to the top,much more effort and a higher level language,her works rarely rely on 9. of stress.4 If you have interests outside of (convention)storytelling or character studies.She work,or are struggling with other demands in claims that all of her works are from the your life,you might want to choose a less taxing experiments in which she takes herself as the line of work. subject. 5 Let me leave you with an old saying, Can Xue now lives with her husband in Beijing "Choose a job you love,and you will never have to and writes every day.She has published dozens of work a day in your life. short stories,several novels,and books of A.But many of you still don't have a clue! commentary.So far,only a small number of her B.We need to be forward-looking at our future : books 10. (translate)into English.More prospects. work needs to be done. 50