Unit 4 作业(十一) Section Ⅱ Learning About Language-【精讲精练】2024-2025学年高中英语选择性必修第四册知能达标训练（人教版2019）

作业（十一）Section II Learning about language 层级①基础知识自测 5.你最好削减富含糖或脂肪的食物。 You'd better I.写出下列加黑部分的短语类型 rich in sugar or fat. 1.Undoubtedly,culture is a decisive factor for 6.祝福你的家人，好好照顾自己！ social development. Best wishes to your family and 2.Excellent works will be displayed on the school website 7.科技的发展使我们的生活更加舒适方便。 3.My new classmates are all very excellent and The development of science and technology always work very hard. makes our lives 4.Drinking a cup of tea makes people relaxed and 8.我相信只要我们立即采取行动，我们将与动物和 refreshed. 谐相处，生活将变得更好。 5.I'm sure you can enjoy the beauty of flowers and learn a lot. : I believe as long as we we will live in harmony with animals and life will 6.I'm glad to stand here to share with you my become better. ideas about healthy living habits. 9.我代表我们学校，向您表示热烈的欢迎。 7.Equally importantly,I previously served as a I would volunteer several times. like to express our warm welcome to you. 8.You take an active part in all kinds of activities, 10.经理听得很认真，并高度称赞我的建议。 which will help to make life more interesting. The manager and my suggestion. 9.Now I'm awfully sorry to tell you that I have to Ⅲ.语法填空 refuse your request. December 5th is the International Volunteer 10.I'm writing to inform you about the spread of a Day.It 1. (establish)by the bad cold in our city as a result of the changeable UN in 1985.It has two aims:first,to thank weather. volunteers around the world for 2. (give) Ⅱ.语法与写作 their time to help others;second,to encourage 1.我祝愿我们的学校越来越美丽，我们都有一个美 other people to do voluntary work.Without 好的未来！ volunteers,many people around the world would I wish our school and all of be much 3. (bad)off.In fact,the whole us world would be 4. darker place. 2.最令人激动的时刻应是你放风筝的时候。 Volunteers help other people and help animals,the should be when you countryside,the environment and many more are flying kites. things 5. are important to us.The UN 3.我希望你能尽快适应新的学校生活。 urges governments around the world 6. I hope you can (take)measures to heighten awareness of the important 7. contribute )of 4.在夏令营的经历将会是我人生中最美好、最难忘 volunteering. 的一部分。 There are thousands of volunteer The experience will be organizations around the world.A search part of my life. 8 the Internet will give you a volunteer 35 ©英语·选择性必修第四册（配RJ版）】 group on anything or anyone you want to help.You from long Covid and has been unable to work since don't need to join a worldwide group to be a getting sick in March 2020.Martyne is now on Le volunteer.Most voluntary work that takes place Book's food delivery route."With courtesy and no around the globe is done by 9. judgment,Le Book helps us get what we need," (individual)helping their neighbors.We have she says. probably all gone out of our way to help someone "When you do a good deed,it has a butterfly less fortunate.Most 10. (important), effect,"says Lapierre."One good deed can affect volunteering makes you feel like a useful person. 10 people.So if we all do a good deed?That can So,on this International Volunteer Day,think save the world.” about how you can help,and offer your services. 1.Why did Lapierre choose $1,000 a week for life 层级②素养能力提升 instead of a lump sum? I,阅读理解 A.A lump sum was likely to vanish like snow. A B.She wanted to make better use of the money. (2024·滨州高二下期末)One evening,Rachel C.She had no idea how to spend a large fortune. Lapierre bought a $4 scratch ticket while picking D.She was afraid the money would be easily up groceries.After an exhausting day,she needed stolen. something to lift her spirits.The 46-year-old 2.Why is the story of Martyne mentioned? mother of four was wearing herself thin as a nearly full-time emergency room nurse and part-time A.To explain how Le Book works. B.To show Le Book's great influence. volunteer aid worker. She longed to be able to one day quit nursing C.To tell people her miserable experience. job and focus on the volunteer work she found D.To appeal to more people to join Le Book. most fulfilling.She vowed to herself that if she 3.Which of the following words can best describe ever won the lottery,that's what she would do. Lapierre? Lapierre went home and scratched her ticket, A.Generous and kind-hearted. revealing three sunny faces.The next day,the B.Committed and courageous. Loto-Quebec office informed her that she had won C.Determined and humble. a lump sum of $675,000 or $1,000 a week for D.Energetic and creative. life.She chose the latter."I know myself,"she 4.What can be inferred from Lapierre's words in said."The lump sum would have melted like snow the last paragraph? in the sun..” A.Many hands make light work. Staying true to her word,Lapierre quit her B.Roses given,fragrance in hand. nursing job and dedicated her life to helping others C.One good turn deserves another. through her passion project,Le Book D.Action speaks louder than words. Humanitaire,which has since become a registered B charity. (2024·保定高二下期末)Simple household Le Book,as Lapierre,now 62,affectionately chores(家务)could help prevent dementia(痴呆 calls it,began as a simple list of good deeds.To her,the deeds were just small acts of kindness- by boosting our brain size,a new study claims.Canadian scientists found older adults who buying clothes for a family of newly arrived immigrants,delivering a meal to an isolated senior spent more time on household chores showed or giving medical attention to someone living on greater brain size-a strong predictor of cognitive the streets. (认知)health.These chores一including cleaning, "Le Book has had an immense impact on me tidying,cooking,heavy housework and and on many vulnerable people,"says Martyne, gardening-could all give the human brain a 52.The former special-education technician suffers workout and prevent the condition. 36 "Scientists already know that exercise has a 7.What does paragraph 3 mainly tell us about the positive impact on the brain,but our study is the research? first to show that the same maybe true for A.Its finding. B.Its purpose. household chores,"said study author Noah C.Its process. D.Its significance. Koblinsky at Rotman Research Institute (RRI)at 8.What can be inferred about the researchers from Baycrest in Toronto,Canada."Highlighting the the last paragraph? benefits of household chores may motivate older A.They want to improve their research. adults to be more active by providing a more B.They lack necessary financial support. realistic,low risk form of physical activity." C.They refuse to organize controlled trials. The researchers looked at the links between D.They consider wearable technology worthless. household chores,brain volume and cognition in a Ⅱ.七选五 group of 66 cognitively healthy older adults Online volunteering between 65 and 85 years of age.The participants attended three assessment visits at Baycrest We all want to feel part of something,but Hospital in Toronto,including a health often not having the time and money can get in the evaluation,structural brain imaging and cognitive way of us pursuing a dream.1 It enables you to assessment.They were asked about the time they involve yourself in an important volunteer spent on household chores,such as tidying, opportunity overseas,make a genuine contribution dusting,meal preparation and clean-up,shopping, and fit it all in with your day-to-day life.2 heavy housework,gardening and yard work,home You can help a charity with its social media repairs and care-giving. and website to assist with research and data The researchers found that older adults who analysis.You can also create learning opportunities spent more time engaging in such activities had for people in poverty.All online volunteering aims greater brain volume,regardless of how much they to educate you about the importance of your role in engaged in any form of physical exercise,such as the work,and give you an insight into life in a running.As a next step,the researchers would different country and culture. like to assess household physical activity more E-volunteering is attractive for many reasons. objectively using wearable technology.With It is flexible,and allows you to complete your additional funding,they could also plan controlled tasks within your own time schedule.You can trials with the aim of increasing individuals' manage how many hours per week you can devote. household activity and studying brain changes over You do not have the extra expenses of time. travelling.3 You need to be able to do video 5.How does housework prevent dementia : calls to make the most of the opportunities according to the new study? A.By allowing the brain to rest. available.Volunteering online is a great way to B.By increasing brain volume. learn more about volunteering overseas. C.By monitoring daily activities. 4 More and more people are becoming D.By predicting cognitive health. digital volunteers to gain work experience.There is 6.What can we learn from Koblinsky's words? a growing tendency for micro-volunteering which A.The old people seldom want to do housework. prepares remote volunteers well for working in a B.Exercise has little positive impact on the brain. more digital age. C.Doing household chores is risky for old people. Whoever is interested in contributing your D.The new study may encourage the old to do time and skills can become an online volunteer. housework. Remote working is a great volunteer opportunity 37 ©英语·选择性必修第四册（配RJ版）】 for those taking a career break,doing a gap year, the early to middle 3. (stage)of dementia or living in retirement.5 and their caregivers in a 4. (complete) A.Remote volunteering is on the rise. social,non-judgmental gathering that offers B.Online volunteering contributes to our success. enrichment to the life of those 5. (suffer) C.All you need is a computer with Internet access. from dementia.Volunteers have received training D.It could be the first step in your travelling on different types of dementia and the journey. fundamentals of communicating 6. the E.Online volunteering is an innovative way. individuals who attend the outings and addressing F.There is a lot that you can do to make a their needs. difference. Forget-Me-Not Cafe is part of the Alzheimer's G.It is open to people of any age,from all walks of Cafe concept which started in Europe and 7. life. (bring)to the United States in 2008 by Jytte Ⅲ.语法填空 Lokvig,Ph.D.She has been quoted as saying "My Willowbrook Memory Support Residences hope is for every community in the country 8. (begin)their first Forget-Me-Not Cafe (have)at least one Cafe of its own.The Cafe in the summer of 2015 with Tuscan Hills Winery is a simple and yet 9. (power)project in Effingham.These co-sponsors wanted to create a that impacts the lives of people living with place 2. lifts the fog of social isolation dementia and everyone in their circles." (孤立)for patients and caregivers of dementia(痴 Willowbrook Memory Support Residences )Forget-Me-Not Cafe is not a structured sponsors two Forget-Me-Not Cafes,one in support group,but an initiative for individuals in Effingham and 10. newest in Champaign. 386.C 词义猜测题。下文解释,换言之,政府恳求你修衣 书本让“我”想写作,写作是“我”唯一感到自在的职业, 服,而不是持续过度消费Shein或Boohoo等快时尚网 这是“我”的目标和唯一的热爱。 站的产品。由此推断,该句表达:政府希望通过呼吁人 12.C 参见上题解析。 们把自己的物品拿去修理,减少全国范围内的快时尚浪 13.A 根据文中的“You see with one action... yet 费,并鼓励顾客购买更多“可持续的”的产品。 they're often...”和“The condition of the world right sustainable可持续的;(对自然资源和能源的利用)不破 now makes...for others under a microscope”可知. 坏生态平衡的。 GrandmaBrown用她的行动改变了“我”的生活。小的 7.D 细节理解题。最后一段叙述,她还希望该计划能增 行为可以永远在时间中回响,但它们经常被低估!现 加法国裁缝和鞋匠的就业机会。由此可知,Bérangère 在的世界状况使人们很容易忽视日常生活中的美丽。 Couillard希望该项目为裁缝和鞋匠创造就业机会。 所以,“我”想把善良的人对“我”做了什么,以及“我”试 8.D 标题归纳题。文章主要讲述法国向所有公民支付 图为他人做什么都展现出来。 “维修奖金”,让他们把衣服拿去修理,而不是扔进垃圾 14.B 参见13题解析。 桶,以抑制过度消费衣服的方式,减少浪费。 15.D 参见13题解析。 II.【语篇解读】记叙文。作者本来不喜欢读书,但是在 作业(十一) 一名志愿者的影响下,他爱上了读书和写作。 [层级1 基础知识自测] 1. C 根据文中的“I liked to play outside... and recess”可 I.1.名词短语 2.介词短语 3.副词短语 知,“我”喜欢在外面玩,“我”并不关心学校的事,“我”关 4.形容词短语 5.名词短语 6.介词短语 7.副词短语 心的只有朋友和课间休息。 8.动词短语 9.形容词短语 10.介词短语 2. B 根据文中的“But I...what sound'Th'made”可知, II. 1. more and more beautiful a wonderful future “我”每天下午都会趴在数学书上睡觉,“我”也几乎弄不 2. The most exciting moment 3. adapt to the new school 明白“Th”的发音。 life as soon as possible 4. in the summer camp the most 3.D 根据文中的“Iwasgivena(n)...toread”可知,“我” wonderful and unforgettable 获得了一个在课间休息时与一名志愿者一起学习阅读 的机会。 5. cut down the food 6. take good care of yourself 4.D参见上题解析。 7. more comfortable and convenient 8. take action immediately 9. On behalf of/Representing 5. B 根据文中的“In her personal life,she fostered...on our school 1o. listened carefully thought highly of the right path”可知,Grandma Brown帮助那些需要帮 III. 1. was established 2. giving 助的人重新走上正确的道路。 3. worse 4. a 6. to take 7. contribution 5. that/which 6. C 根据文中的“Grandma Brown was...me back from 8.on recess another day”可知,GrandmaBrown对“我”很严 9. individuals 10. importantly 厉,她教“我”单词,并给“我”布置句子让“我”回家背。 [层级2 素养能力提升] I. 当“我”没有完成任务,结结巴已地背诵时,她会阻止 “我”课间休息。 A 7.D 参见6题解析。 【语篇解读】 记叙文。文章讲述了刮刮彩票中奖的拉皮 8.A 参见6题解析。 埃尔信守诺言,辞去了护士的工作,并通过她的项目“Le 9.B 根据文中的“I caught up... I fell in love with BookHumanitaire”致力于帮助他人,她认为一件好事可 books. The way some authors described life... me”可 以影响十个人。如果我们都做一件好事就可以拯救世界。 知,在GrandmaBrown的帮助下,“我”很快就追上了 1.B 推理判断题。根据第三段中的“Thenextday,the 学校的进度。到了三年级,“我”的阅读水平达到了五年 Loto-Quebec office informed her that she had won a 级的水平,“我”爱上了读书,其中一些作家描述生活的 lump sum of 675, o0o or 1, oo0 a week for life. She 方式让“我”着迷。 chose the latter. 'I know myself,' she said. 'The lump 10.C 参见上题解析。 sum would have melted like snow in the sun.'"和第四 11. A 根据文中的“Books taught me to say something; 段推知,拉皮埃尔选择每周1000美元而不是一次性支 they made me... It is my purpose and only...”可知, 付是因为她想更好地利用这笔钱 26 2.B 推理判断题。根据倒数第二段可知,提到马蒂娜的 了准备,说明远程志愿活动正在兴起。故A选项“远程 故事为了显示这个项目的巨大影响。 志愿活动正在兴起”符合语境,故选A。 3.A 推理判断题。根据第四段可知,拉皮埃尔慷慨 5.G 上文提到远程工作对于那些正在经历职业中断、间 善良。 隔年或退休生活的人来说是一个很好的志愿机会,故C 4.A 推理判断题。根据最后一段可知,从拉皮埃尔的话 选项“它对任何年龄、各行各业的人开放”符合语境,故 可推断出:众人拾柴火焰高。 选G。 B III.【语篇解读】 1新闻报道。文章介绍了为痴呆症患者及 【语篇解读】说明文。文章介绍了加拿大的一项研究发 其看护者提供社交机会的勿忘我咖啡馆。 现:从事家务劳动有助于增加老年人大脑的容量,有助于 1. began;考查一般过去时。根据in the summer of 2015 预防老年痴呆。 可知,设空处所在句描述的事情发生在过去,应用一般 5.B 细节理解题。根据第一段“Simplehouseholdchores 过去时,故填began。 (家务)could helpprevent dementia(痴呆症)by 2. that/which 考查关系代词。设空处引导限制性定语 boosting our brain size,a new study claims.”可知,家务 从句,指代aplace,且在从句中作主语,故填that或 活可以增加脑容量,从而有助于预防痴呆。故选B。 which。 6.D 推理判断题。根据第二段可知,从Koblinsky这段 3.stages 考查名词复数。stage为可数名词,意为“阶 话中我们可知,新研究首次表明,做家务也是一种锻炼 段”,且其前有earlytomiddle修饰,应用其复数形式, 方式,对大脑也可能有积极影响,因此该研究可能会鼓 故填stages。 励老年人做家务。故选D。 4.completely 考查副词。设空处作状语,修饰social, 7.C 主旨大意题。根据第三段,尤其第一句“The non-judgmental,应用副词,表示“完全地”,故填 researchers looked at the links between household completely。 chores, brain volume and cognition in a group of 66 5.suffering 考查动词-ing形式。设空处作后置定语,修 cognitively healthy older adults between 65 and 85 years 饰those,且those与suffer之间为逻辑上的主谓关系, ofage”可知,本段主要讲的是研究的过程。故选C。 应用动词-ing形式,故填suffering。 8.A 推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“Asanextstep, 6. with 考查介词。communicate withsb为固定搭配,意 the researchers would like to assess household physical 为“与某人沟通”,故填with。 activity more objectively using wearable technology. 7. was brought 考查一般过去时的被动语态。根据in With additional funding, they could also plan controllec 2008可知,设空处所在句描述的是发生在过去的事情, trials with the aim of increasing individuals' householc 应用一般过去时,且主语which(指代theAlzheimer's activity and studying brain changes over time.”可知,研 Caféconcept)与bring之间为被动关系,应用被动语态, 究者想要改进他们的研究。 故填was brought. II.【语篇解读】说明文。文章主要说明了如何从事网上 8. tohave 考查动词不定式。此处为“for十名词十todo” 志愿者服务。 结构作表语,应用动词不定式,故填tohave。 1.E 本句起承上启下的作用,前一句讲了追求梦想的限 制,后一句讲了online volunteering的好处,后句的It指 9. powerful 考查形容词。设空处作定语,修饰project, 代onlinevolunteering。故E选项“网络志愿服务是一 表示“有影响力的”,故填powerful。 种创新的方式”符合语境,故选E。 10.the 考查冠词。最高级前面常加the,表示“最..... 2.F 本句承接上文说明可以做很多事情改变参加志愿 的”,故填the。 者的方式。且空后面的句子“Youcanhelp...”是对F 作业(十二) 项的举例说明。故F选项“你可以做很多事情来产生影 [层级1 基础知识自测] 响”符合语境,故选F。 I. 1. deserved 2. relayed 3. criteria 4. prayed 3.C 上文讲述做网上志愿者没有额外的旅行花费,故C 5. resigned 6. tune 7. circuit 8. plug 选项“你所需要的只是一台能上网的电脑”符合语境,故 II. 1. it 2. lately 3. contracted 4. discussing/to be 选C。 discussed 5. from 6. praying 7. is 8. that 4.A 根据后文可知,后文提到了微志愿服务有一种增长 III. 1. I feel greatly privileged to deliver a speech on 的趋势,它为远程志愿者在更加数字化的时代工作作好 : 2. Not only do Chinese people help them