Unit 3 作业(九) Section Ⅲ Using Language-【精讲精练】2024-2025学年高中英语选择性必修第四册知能达标训练（人教版2019）

作业(九) Section II Using Language 层级基础知识自测 2.海洋拥有各种各样的物种,它们可以给我们提供 食物或能源。 I.单词拼写 ,which can provide 1. A good second round brought him level with the us with food or energy. (锦标赛) leader. 2. The government has given top priority to 3.然而,许多渔民无情地捕捞了如此多的海洋动物 以至于它们处于灭绝的危险之中 reforming the (税)system. However,many fishermen have caught so 3. She has little chance to win the election as her (对手)istoostrong. 4. All the audience were touched by his perseverance they are in danger of dying out. (鼓掌)warmly. deeply and 4.因此,涉及过度捕捞的那些人应该被惩罚或速捕。 Consequently, those who are involved in 5. The police suspected there may be a link between the overfishing two (凶杀). 6.Out of 5.把海洋探索和环境保护结合起来是一种完美的 (仁慈),the old man offered the 解决方法。 beggar some tasty bread. 7. Lotsof (珊瑚) died because of climate is a wonderful solution. change, making billions of fish homeless. 8. The agreement paved the way for establishment IV.课文语法填空 of the (关系,纽带)betweenthetwo When people talk of exploring the sea more. countries. they usually mean exploiting it. Sea exploration 1. II. 单句语法填空 (cause) many problems up to now and will continue to cause more. More exploration 1. The sea is home life,not human means 2. beings' possessions and we should protect it (much) pollution. The rather than exploit it too much. Deepwater Horizon spilled over 2oo million gallons 2. The audience stayed silent, listened to me of oil into the sea in 2o1o. Mining for resources is very carefully and gave me a big round of damaging. Overfishing is 3. (applaud) at the end. problem. Although hunting whales and dolphins 3. We learn traditional Chinese art such as Beijing in 1982, some countries are still Opera under the guidance of “murdering" these intelligent creatures without (profession) teachers. mercy. The sea is home to life, not human beings' (possess). To 6. 5. 4. The old man donated all his (possession) to (true) the charity before his death. understand our planet, we must explore the 5. My opponent gave me a (mercy) look oceans. Opponents may be concerned, 7. without saying anything. sea exploration is important for our future. 6. I held my breath as I watched, feeling a Therefore. more research is necessary. (mix) of happiness and surprise. Understanding more about the sea will also help us manage its resources better. 8. 7. We have launched another man-made satellite. (log)new is announced in today's newspaper. species will improve our understanding of life on III. 单句写作(话题写作之海洋探索的利与弊) the earth. The population of the world is growing and we need new resources 9. 1.随着世界人口的增长,开发海洋变得越来越有 future 必要。 development. Of course, we should balance .it is becoming environmental risks with 1o. (economy) increasingly necessary to exploit the sea. , needs. 29 ·英语·选择性必修 第四册(配RJ版) 层级②素养能力提升 2. What does the author intend to tell us in paragraph 4? I.阅读理解 A. The sea life project works. A (2024·海口高二检测)Government agencies B. The baby oysters grow well. C. The beach stops missing. and volunteer groups in many places are using sea D. The sea pollution is dropping creatures to protect coastal areas from storms and rising sea levels. The idea is that large groups of 3. What do we know about ReClam the Bay? oysters(牡蛎) known as colonies, can help reduce A. It cooperates with the Littoral Society. the power of waves. Powerful waves can damage B. It offers baby oysters to the Littoral Society. lands along the edge of ocean waters. C. It has the same aim as the Littoral Society. Oysters may play an important part in dealing D. It has made more progress than the Littoral with the problem. Oysters are central to a project Society. that is taking place near Vaccaro's rebuilt house. 4. Which of the following can be the best title for The project is being carried out by the Littoral the text? Society. It received $1 million from the New A. Oyster Farming Has Great Benefits Jersey Department of Environmental Protection. B. Volunteer Ocean Protection Is in Actior The group has been building steel wire containers. C. Worldwide Beaches Are Disappearing Fast filling them with rocks and whelk(海 蝶) shells D. Little Sea Creatures Could Save Coastal Land and positioning them along the shoreline of B Barnegat Bay. Over 7o% of the earth's surface is covered in Tiny baby oysters are attached to whelk shells and placed in the existing cages to further water, but it's undrinkable. Scientists at the strengthen the shoreline. The shoreline in University of lllinois Urbana-Champaign (UIUC) Vaccaro's neighborhood has lost 46 meters of have modeled a system that can collect water vapor beach since 1995, the Littoral Society says. (水蒸气) from above the ocean surface and freeze The oysters appear to be doing their job. One it into fresh drinking water at a large scale. recent day, a strong east wind blew across the Water shortage is an issue that's projected to bay. But between the oysters and the shoreline. get worse, as climate change makes dry areas even the water was much calmer, and waves gently drier. The oceans, home to over 96%。 of water on went onto the shoreline instead of hitting it with Earth, represent a huge potential reservoir(a place force. to store water),but desalination(海水淡化)isa As an added benefit, the oysters help improve challenging and complex prospect to scale up water quality in the bay. The Associated Press because of the poisonous wastewater it produces. reports that a single oyster can filter(过滤) up to But nature already has a pretty good 190 liters of water a day. desalination system-the sun is heating up the A few kilometers south, a group called surface of the ocean and evaporating water out of ReClam the Bay is building an oyster reef to it, which of course goes on to become rain. In a protect the shoreline of Mordecai Island. People do new study, the UIUC team came up with a method not live on the island, but it protects the shoreline to use this resource. The team proposes that of Beach Haven, a town on Long Beach Island. structures could be built several kilometers Volunteers fill bags with 16 kilograms of whelk shells, to which millions of baby oysters offshore to obtain air rich in water vapor from above the ocean surface. That air can then be piped have been attached. Then volunteers move them out to the reef a few hundred yards into the ocean. back to land and turned into water. This fresh They have placed 1o,ooo bags of oysters and whelk water could then be used for drinking, agriculture shells there since 20l5. or whatever else a region needs it for. The whole 1. Where do the baby oysters grow? system could be powered by offshore wind farms A. On the sea rocks. and land-based solar panels. B. In steel wire cages. The researchers evaluated 14 cities around the C. In shallow calm water. world, analyzing how much water could be collected D. In the fishermen's houses. based on the offshore air in those locations. Based on 30 their models, the scientists estimated that these around. He did use a 5 for a while until one structures could collect between 37. 6 billion and 78. 3 day when Pasek set the dog at the foot of her porch billion liters of water per year, depending on the (门廊)without it. conditions in a specific location. Pasek ran in to get a cup of coffee, came out The team says that the solution is pretty and 6 found that her dog had climbed the good, since it works like the natural water cycle stairs. She 7 her cellphone, put Dexter back except that the vapor is guided to where it's at the bottom of the stairs and 8 him walking needed. “The system we are proposing will be up the stairs on two feet without the wheelchair. useful under climate change. This provides a much In the six years since, Dexter has become a needed approach for adaptation to climate change. full-blown celebrity, 9 in parades and building particularly to populations living in dry and semi- a group of social media 1o , who now come to dry regions of the world,"said Afeefa Rahman, the dog's hometown just hoping for a glimpse of the co-author of the study. Ouray's most 11 “citizen". 5. Why do scientists design this vapor-collecting The whole thing isn't considered as a 12 system? for many people. People praise Dexter for his A. To improve water quality. option to stay 13 . He shows where humans B. To relieve the water shortages. see 14 , dogs sometimes beg to differ. And C. To approach climate change. Dexter's action has proven that sometimes getting D. To reduce the pollution of water 15 is the only way to see how tall you stand. 6. What do we know about the vapor-collecting 1. A. walking B. jumping system from the text? C. climbing D. riding A. It's mainly powered by batteries. 2. A. performance B. experiment B. The water collected by it is rich in mineral. C. adaptation D. promise C. It makes full use of the natural water cycle. 3. A. crowd B. playground D. It should be built as close to the ocean as C. subway D. traffic possible. 4. A. understood B. assumed 7. What can be learned from the fourth paragraph? C. realized D. recognized A. The system could be applied around the 5. A. shelter world. B. walking-stick C. wheelchair D. bench B. More and more cities would bring in the 6. A. finally B. luckily system. C. surprisingly C. The researchers have built structures in 14 D. occasionally 7. A. covered cities to collect water. B. changed C. forgot D. The researchers made great efforts before D. grabbed 8. A. recorded introducing the system. B. imagined C. supported D. observed 8. What is Afeefa Rahman's attitude towards the 9. A. starring system? B. admiring C. waving A. Negative. B. Concerned. D. shouting 10. A. teachers C. Skeptical. D. Optimistic. B. followers C. designers II.完形填空 D. websites 11. A. peaceful Dexter lives in Ouray, Colorado, where, for B. popular C. humorous the past few years, the two-footed dog has been D. beautiful 12. A. gesture turning heads wherever he goes. His owner. B. problem C. routine Kentee Pasek, says 1 on two legs isn't a trick D.joke she taught him. Rather, it's a(n) 2 he made 13.A. positive B. calm C. serious after a near-death experience. D. crazy When Dexter was a puppy, he escaped his 14. A. secrets B. troubles yard, dashed into the 3 and got hit by a car. C. mistakes D. chances He lost his front legs. Everyone 4 he would 15. A. carried out B. put away need some kind of adaptive equipment to get ! C. dressed up D. knocked down 312. than 考查介词。根据fasterand farther可知,设空处 : 2.A 推理判断题。第四段提到,在阻止强大的海浪破坏 所在的原因状语从句表述了比较关系,故填than。 海水边缘陆地方面,牡蛎发挥了作用。因此,作者在第 3.a 考查冠词。group为可数名词,意为“团体”,设空处 四段想告诉我们,海洋生物项目起作用了。故选A。 表示泛指,故填不定冠词a。 3.C 推理判断题。由第二段中的“Oystersare centralto 4. Its 考查代词。设空处作定语,修饰pioneeringwork, a project that is taking place near Vaccaro's rebuilt 应用形容词性物主代词,故填Its。 house. The project is being carried out by the Littoral 5. polluters 考查名词复数。polluter为可数名词,意为 Society.(牡蛎是瓦卡罗重建的房屋附近的一个项目的 “污染者”,设空处表示泛指,且其前无冠词修饰,应用其 中心。该项目由LittoralSociety实施。)”和倒数第二段 复数形式,故填polluters。 第一句(向南几千来,一个名为ReClamtheBav的组织 6. promoting 考查动词-ing形式。设空处与establishing 正在建造牡蛎礁,以保护Mordecai岛的海岸线)可知, 并列,作by的宾语,应用动词-ing形式,故填 promoting。 ReClam the Bay 和Littoral Society 的目标是一样 7. endangered 1 考查形容词。设空处作定语,修饰great 的一用牡蛎保护海岸线。故选C。 4.D 标题归纳题。文章讲述了人们利用牡蛎保护沿海 whales,表示“溯临灭绝的”,故填endangered。 8. to establish 考查动词不定式。urge sbto do sth为固 地区免受强大海浪的破坏,D项“小小海洋生物可以拯 定搭配,意为“敦促某人做某事”,故填toestablish。 救沿海土地”符合文意,适合作本文的标题。故选D。 9.which 考查关系代词。设空处引导非限制性定语从 B 【语篇解读】 句,指代high-intensitynaval sonar,且在从句中作主语, 说明文。科学家建立了一个系统模型,该系 故填which。 统可以从海洋表面上方收集水蒸气,并将其大规模冻结成 10. reached 考查一般过去时。根据InSeptember 2015 新鲜的饮用水。文章介绍了该系统的工作方式以及未来 可知,设空处所在句描述的事情发生在过去,应用一般 的应用。 过去时,故填reached 5.B 推理判断题。根据第二段可知,随着气候变化使干 作业(九) 旱地区更加干燥,缺水问题预计将变得更加严重。科学 [层级1 基础知识自测] 家设计这种蒸汽收集系统是为了缓解水资源短缺 I. 1. tournament 2. tax 3. opponent 4. applauded 6.C 细节理解题。根据第三段可知,太阳加热海洋表 5. murders 6. mercy 7. corals 8. bonds 面,蒸发其中的水并变成雨。UIUC团队提出了一种利 II. 1. to 2. applause 3. professional 4. possessions 用这种资源的方法:在离岸几公里处建造一些结构体, 5. merciful 6. mixture 7. which 以从海面上获取富含水蒸气的空气。然后,这些空气可 III. 1. As the population of the world increases 以通过管道输送回陆地,变成水。由此推断,蒸汽收集 2. The sea possesses various species 系统充分利用自然水循环。 3. many marine creatures without mercy that 7.D细节理解题。根据第四段,研究人员评估了世界上 4. should get punished or arrested 14个城市的近海空气可以收集多少水。根据他们的模 5. Combining sea exploration and environmental protection 型,科学家们估计这些结构体每年可以收集376亿到 IV.1. has caused 2. more 3. another 4. was banned 783亿升水,具体取决于特定地点的条件。由此可知, 5. possessions 6. truly 7. but 8. Logging 9. for 研究人员在引入该系统之前做了大量的努力。 10. economic 8.D 推理判断题。根据最后一段最后一句可知,这为适 [层级2 素养能力提升] 应气候变化,特别是生活在世界干旱和半干早地区的人 A 口,提供了一种急需的方法。由此推知,Afeefa对这个 【语篇解读】 说明文。文章介绍了人们利用牡蛎保护沿 系统持乐观的态度。 海地区免受强大海浪的破坏。 II.【语篇解读】记叙文。叙述一只狗遇车祸失去前腿后 1.B 细节理解题。由第二段最后一句(该组织一直在建 直立行走,表明开朗乐观面对困境的重要性。 造钢丝容器,里面装满岩石和海蝶壳,并将它们放置在 1.A 根据上文“the two-footeddog”以及下文“walking 巴尼加特湾海岸上)和第三段第一句(小牡蛎宝宝附着 up the stairs on two feet without the wheelchair"可知. 在海蝶壳上,放在现有的笼子里,以进一步加强海岸线 该处KenteePasek表达,用两条腿走路并不是她教给 可知,牡蛎宝宝生长在钢丝笼中。故选B. 它的技巧。 2.C 根据故事叙述及上下文逻辑关系可知,用两条腿走 III. 1. I felt privileged to visit 路并不是其女主人教给它的技巧,而是它在一次颜死体 2. to shade them from sunlight or rain 验后的改变适应。 3.(that were) relevant to our campus life 3.D 根据句意可知,当Dexter还是一只小狗时,他逃离 4. Although we dragged ourselves to return home in 了院子,冲进了车流,被一辆汽车撞了。 the afternoon 4.B 上文叙述Dexter失去了两只前腿。因此,人们认为 5. As is mentioned above from which I benefited a lot 他需要某种适应设备才能四处走动。assume假定, IV. 1. whose 2. running 3. to get 4. was showing 5. whether 6. them 7. had been working 认为。 8. sticking 5. C 根据 8 空后“walking up the stairs on two feet 9. What 10. newly without the wheelchair”可知,Dexter确实使用过轮椅。 [层级2 素养能力提升] 6.C 根据句意可知,Pasek跑进去拿咖啡,出来了吃惊地 1. 发现她的狗爬上了楼梯。 A 【语篇解读】 7. D 根据上下文语境语意可知,Pasek很吃惊,她抓起手 记叙文。文章讲述了Lemay把旧的救护车 机,把Dexter放回楼梯底部,录下了它双脚上楼的过 改造为房车,一边驱车旅行,一边工作的过程和感受。 1.D 推理判断题。根据第一段“WhenAmandaLemay 程。grab(突然)抓住,抓起。 8.A 根据句意可知,Pasek把Dexter放回楼梯底部,录 heard the story about a baker and her husband who were traveling around the United States in a van. 下了它双脚上楼的过程 learning from expert bakers, she wanted to do 9.A 根据上下文语境语意可知,Dexter成了一个成熟的 somethingsimilar.”可知,提到面包师和他妻子的故事, 名人,成了游行队伍里的明星并且有了一大批社交媒体 追随者。starin担任主角,主演。 是因为这个故事启发了AmandaLemay决定做类似的 事情。 10. B 下文"who now come to the dog's hometown just 2.A 细节理解题。根据第二段“Renovationsweredone hopingfor...”他们来到这只狗的家乡只是希望..... by her and her dad.”和第三.段“AsLemay mentions. 由此可知,Dexter成了名人,有了一大批社交媒体追 随者。 not only did her father help, but so did the rest of her family. Lemay's mother helped sew the decorations on 11.B 故事叙述Dexter失去两只前腿后直立行走,成了 the removable cushions, and her sister crafted the 网红,有了一大批社交媒体追随者,他们来到这只狗的 leather pulls. It was truly a family affair.”可知,所有家 家乡只是希望看一眼这位出名的网红 庭成员都对改装工作作出了贡献。 12. D 根据下文“People praise Dexter for his option to 3.B 细节理解题。根据第四段“Intheend,this stay 13 .”可知,人们称赞Dexter选择保持积极乐 unexpected path has Lemay rethinking what it means to 观。所以,整件事并不是一个玩笑。 be truly sustainable, now that van life has gotten her to 13.A 根据句意可知,人们称赞Dexter选择保持积极。 become minutely aware of the water, electricity, and 14.B 根据故事叙述可知,Dexter展示给我们对待困境 other daily resources that she uses.”可知,Lemay从她 的不同态度。 流浪式生活中学到了充分利用她拥有的资源。 15.D 全文叙述Dexter遇车祸失去前腿后直立行走。由 4.C 细节理解题。根据最后一段可知,Lemay最喜欢在 此可知,他的做法证明了有时被击倒是检验你不惧困 车里按照自已的节奏生活。 难的唯一方法。 B 【语篇解读】 UNIT4 SHARING 说明文。文章介绍法国向所有公民支付“维 修奖金”,让他们把衣服拿去修理,而不是扔进垃圾桶,以 作业(十) 抑制过度消费衣服的方式,减少浪费。 [层级1 基础知识自测] 5.A推理判断题。第二段叙述,法国正在采取措施抑制 I. I. platform(s) 2. parcels 3. housing 4. forehead 我们过度消费衣服的方式,该国最近宣布,将向所有公 5. secondary 6. uniform 7. chemist 8. mail 民支付“维修奖金”,让他们把衣服拿去修理,而不是 II. 1. to 2. where 3. dusty 4. wrinkled 5. ripen 进垃圾桶。由此推断,人们通常把旧衣服扔到垃圾 6. disabled 7. adjustments 8. to go 箱里。