朗朗晨读 Unit 3 Sea Exploration-【精讲精练】2024-2025学年高中英语选择性必修第四册同步学习方案（人教版2019）

UNIT 3 SEA EXPLORATION Section I Reading and Thinking Part1①篇章助读释疑 ·原文呈现 读文清障· REACHING OUT ACROSS THE SEA Dform the foundation of Trade and curiosity have often formed the 奠定…的基础 foundation of mankind's greatest achievements.To ②civilisation n.文明 complete the great map of the world was a strong ③tale n.故事；叙述 passion for the people of early civilisations.Marco ④search for寻找 Polo's tales inspired European explorers to search for ⑤merchant n.商人； sea routes from west to east.However,merchants 批发商 and explorers from the East set sail from east to west adj.海上货运的 many years before Columbus first did. ⑥set sail起航；开航 DIn ancient times,silk from China found its ⑦find one'sway 找到 way overland to India,the Middle East,and …的路 Rome,along what became known as the Silk ⑧ become;be known Road.A trading route across the sea was also as作为…而著称 extended along the coasts of the Indian Ocean, ⑨extend vt.扩展；使 centred around Ceylon (now Sri Lanka )2 伸长；延长 Here,merchants from China and many other ⑩centre around集中于； places met to negotiate trade deals,which also 围绕着；以…为中心 led to more awareness of each other's cultures. ①negotiate ut..商定； Over the centuries,further trading allowed more 达成（协议）wi.谈判； exploration of the regions to the west of China,as 磋商；协商 32 recorded in Du Huan's Record of My Travels in ②fleet n.舰队；机群； the eighth century. 车队 ①是复合句。句中what引导名词性从句，作介 ③behold ut.(beheld, 词along的宾语。 beheld)看；看见 ④league n.等级；水 ②是复合句。句中to negotiate trade deals为不 平；联合会；联赛 定式短语作目的状语；which引导非限制性定语 in a league of one's 从句，修饰前面句子的内容。 own独领风骚 Later,the Ming Dynasty further developed ⑤under the command relations with these regions.Between 1405 and of在…指挥下 1433,seven large fleets sailed west on voyages of ⑥royal adj.皇家的； trade and exploration.These fleets were a sight to 王室的；高贵的 behold and were in a league of their own at that ⑦gesture n.姿态；表示 time.Under the command of Zheng He,they set ⑧in return for作为回 sail from the South China Sea across the Indian 报：作为交换 ⑨spice n.(调味)香料 Ocean to the mouth of the Red Sea,and then to ②@withdraw vi.But. the east coast of Africa.African royal families withdrew,withdrawn sent gifts such as giraffes as gestures (使)撤回；撤离 friendship in return for s gold,silk,and spices. withdraw from 退出； 3 Although China withdrew from further 撤回 expeditions after 1433,these land and sea routes @expedition n.远征， remained active channels between other cultures 考察 for centuries. ②②channel n.航道；海 ③是复合句。句中Although引导让步状语从句。 峡；频道 To reach out across the sea remains a strong ⑧revisit ut..重游；再访 ④maritime adj.海的； desire today.The ancient sea routes travelled by 海运的；海事的 Zheng He are being revisited with the 21st ⑤the Belt and Road Century Maritime Silk Road,which is part of the Initiative“一带一路” Belt and Road Initiative.The aim of this initiative 倡议 33 is to encourage cooperation and trade across the ④bond n.纽带：关系 historic Silk Road areas,and strengthen the ot.&vi.增强信任关 bonds between China and the rest of the world. 系；使牢固结合 Trading has grown greatly in recent years,and ②⑦years to come未来 will continue to do so in years to come.China has invested billions in systems and services along 的几年 these routes,which will help to greatly develop ⑧for the benefit of为 the whole area for the benefit of future trade and 了…的利益 cultural exchange. 四point of view观点 ④是复合句。句中travelled by Zheng He为过去 ④there is an urgent 分词短语作后置定语；which引导非限制性定语 need to do sth迫切需 从句。 China has also joined its friends across the sea 要做某事 on other important projects.Although the ancient ④hundreds of years on sea routes of Zheng He have been travelled many 几百年过去了 times,there are still many other places left to @in hand在手头；可 explore.In recent years,China has joined other 供使用 nations on several expeditions to explore the Arctic.From a scientific point of view,there is with the latest technology an urgent need to study the Arctic in order to in hand掌握了最新技术 understand climate change and its effects. ⑧drive ut..迫使，驱使 Hundreds of years onand with the latest drive sb to do sth驱使 technology in hand,the need to trade and the 某人做某事 desire to enhance relationships will driveChina to reach out across the sea far into the future. ⑤为简单句。句中with the latest technology in hand为with复合结构作原因状语；句中to trade 和to enhance relationships为不定式作定语。 34 ·参考译文 跨海越洋 贸易和好奇心通常构成人类最伟大成就的基础。在早期文明中，人们 对绘制世界大地图充满激情。马可·波罗的故事激励了欧洲探险家寻找自 西向东的海上航线。然而，在哥伦布首次起航之前许多年，东方的商人和探 险家就已经开始自东向西航行。 在古代，中国丝绸经由一条陆路运至印度、中东和罗马，这条路就是有 名的“丝绸之路”。以锡兰（今斯里兰卡）为中心的一条横跨海洋的贸易路线 沿印度洋海岸延伸。在这里，来自中国和其他许多地方的商人汇聚一起，洽 谈贸易协议，这也增进了对彼此文化的认识。几个世纪以来，随着贸易的发 展，对中国以西地区的探索增多了，这些在八世纪杜环所著的《经行记》一书 中有所记载。 后来，明朝进一步发展了与这些地区的关系。1405年至1433年间，七 支大型船队向西航行，开展贸易和探索。当时，这些船队蔚为壮观，独领风 骚，在郑和的指挥下，船队从中国南海起航，穿越印度洋，直抵红海口，然后 前往非洲东海岸。非洲王室赠送长颈鹿等礼物以示友好，同时也是作为他 们获得黄金、丝绸和香料的回赠。尽管1433年后中国停止了进一步的探索， 但在随后的几个世纪，这些陆地和海洋路线仍是与其他文化之间的活跃通 道。 今天，跨越海洋依旧是人们强烈的渴望。随着作为“一带一路”倡议组 成部分的“21世纪海上丝绸之路”的提出，郑和航行过的古代航道而今再度 受到关注。这项倡议旨在鼓励横跨历史悠久的丝绸之路地区的合作与贸 易，同时加强中国与世界其他地区之间的联系。近年来，贸易增长迅猛，未 来几年也将继续增长。中国已经在这些沿海地区的运输系统和服务上投入 了数十亿，这将促进整个地区实现大发展，有利于未来的贸易和文化交流。 35 中国还与海洋彼岸的友邦一起参与了其他重要项目。尽管郑和的古代 海上路线已经重走很多次了，但仍有许多其他地方有待探索。近年来，中国 与其他国家一道开展了多次北极考察。从科学角度看，迫切需要研究北极， 以了解气候变化及其影响。 数百年过去了，由于拥有了最新技术，在贸易的必要性和增进关系的愿 望的驱动下，中国将跨越海洋，迈向未来。 Part2D语言知识必背 I.阅读词汇·记牢 1.a famous merchant and explorer 一位著名的商人和探险家 2.seven large fleets 七大舰队 3.African royal families 非洲皇室家庭 4.in return for gold,silk,and spices 换回黄金、丝绸和香料 5.remain active channels 仍然是活跃的航道 6.the 21st Century Maritime Silk Road 21世纪海上丝绸之路 Ⅱ.核心词汇·背会 1.a fairy tale 一个童话故事 2.behold a bright star 看到了一颗明亮的星星 3.strengthen the bonds between China and the rest of the world 加强中国和世界其他地区 的联系 4.refuse to withdraw his troops 拒不撤回部队 5.turn to another channel to watch the football转到另一个频道看足球比赛 36 Ⅲ.拓展词汇·用活 1.Dextend his hand in greeting 伸出他的手表示欢迎 2request a time extension(n. 要求时间延长 2.Dnegotiate trade deals 贸易协定谈判 2a meaningful negotiation(n. 有意义的谈判 V.重点短语·再现 1.set sail 起航：开航 2.in a league of one's own 独领风骚 3.withdraw from 退出；撒回 4.in hand 在手头：可供使用 5.centre around 集中于…，围绕着 6.lead to 导致；引起 7.in return for 作为回报；作为交换 8.point of view 观点 9.for the benefit of 为了…的利益 构词规律 l.后缀“-ion”多加在以-ate结尾的动词后，构成名词，构成方式是动词去掉 e再加-ion negotiate v.-negotiation n. 商定，协商 educate v.->education n. 教育 graduate v.->graduation n. 毕业 appreciate v.-appreciation n. 欣赏，感激 2.后缀“-a”可以加在一些名词或动词后，构成形容词 music n.->musical adj. 音乐的 rent v.->rental adj. 租赁的 form v.->formal adj 正式的 37 V重点句型·呈现 l.句式公式：The aim of sth is to do..目的是… 教材原句：The aim of this initiative is to encourage cooperation and trade across the historic Silk Road areas,and strengthen the bonds between China and the rest of the world. 这项倡议旨在鼓励横跨历史悠久的丝绸之路地区的合作与贸易，同时加 强中国与世界其他地区之间的联系。 2.句型公式：what引导的宾语从句 教材原句：In ancient times,silk from China found its way overland to India,the Middle East,and Rome,along what became known as the Silk Road. 在古代，中国丝绸经由一条陆路运至印度、中东和罗马，这条路就是有名 的“丝绸之路”。 3.句型公式：with复合结构 教材原句：Hundreds of years on,and with the latest technology in hand, the need to trade and the desire to enhance relationships will drive China to reach out across the sea far into the future. 数百年过去了，由于拥有了最新技术，在贸易的必要性和增进关系的愿望 的驱动下，中国将跨海越洋，迈向未来。 4.句型公式：There is a need to do sth有必要做某事 教材原句：From a scientific point of view,there is an urgent need to study the Arctic in order to understand climate change and its effects. 从科学角度看，迫切需要研究北极，以了解气候变化及其影响。 38 Section l Learning About Language Using language Part1①篇章助读释疑 ·原文呈现 读文清障。 Text 1 ①talk of谈论 When people talk of exploring the sea ②exploit vt.开发；利 more, they usually mean exploitingi it.Sea 用；剥削 exploration has caused many problems and will ③“深水地平线 continue to cause more. (Deepwater More exploration means more pollution.The Horizon)”钻井平台位 Deepwater Horizon spilled over 200 million 于纽奥良外海，在2010 年4月20日发生爆炸 gallons④of oil into the sea in20l0.①Plastic 事故，造成11人死亡， pollution is also bad,killing many birds and fish, 两亿加仑石油泄漏。 and has even been found in our tap water. ④gallon n.加仑（容积 ①主千为第二个and连接的两个并列句，killing 单位，1英制加仑约等 many birds and fish为现在分词短语作结果状语。 于4.5升) Mining for resources is very damaging, especially in the Arctic.2 Because of climate change,there is less ice now,which means we can look for more fossil fuels further north.But if we burn these,the ice will melt more and this ⑤fossil fuel化石燃料 negative cycle will continue.Climate change is ⑥negative cycle不良 warning us that something is very wrong. 循环 39 ②为复合句。句中Because of climate change作原 ⑦overfishing n.过度 因状语；which引导非限制性定语从句，指代前面句 捕捞 子的内容。 ⑧so-called adj.(表示 Overfishings is another problem.Whales 不认同)所谓的；（引出 约定俗成的称谓)人称 and dolphins are also hunted for their meat or for …的 so-called research.3 Although this was banned ⑨murder vt.谋杀；凶 inl982,some countries are still“murdering” 杀；毁坏n.谋杀；凶杀 these intelligent creatures without mercy ⑩mercy n.仁慈；宽 ③为复合句。句中Although引导让步状语从句。 恕；恩惠 The sea is home tom life,not human beings' without mercy无情地 possessions.It is huge,but it is more sensitive ①be home to是… than we think.If we do not protect it,future 的家园 generations will not forgive us. 12 possession n.(usually Text 2 l.) To truly understand our planet,we must 个人财产；拥有；控制 explore the oceans which cover most of it. sensitive adj.敏感 Opponents 的；灵敏的 may be concerned,but sea exploration is important for our future. For ④opponent m.反对者； 对手；竞争者 example,scientific research ships can help ⑤address vt.解决 address5 important issues such as climate change. ⑥take action采取行 We need to understand what is happening to our 动 planet so that we can take action Therefore, more research is necessary. ④为复合句。句中what引导宾语从句；so that引 导目的状语从句。 40 Understanding more about the sea will also help ⑦logt.把…载 us manage its resources better.Logging new species 入正式记录；记录 will improve our understanding of life on the earth. n.正式记录；日志； It may help us discover new medicines,as well as 原木 new sources of food and energy.Accessing the deep ⑧as well as和；也 ocean may also help us to predict events such as 四access vt.到达； earthquakes. 进入；使用 The population of the world is growing and we 0 amounts of... need new resources for future development.There 大量的… are probably vast amounts of resources under the ①balance ut.使均 sea and ice,not just oil and gas but also valuable 衡；使平衡 minerals. ②hopefully adv. Of course,there are still environmental risks. 有希望地 However,these should be balanced with economic option n.选择； needs.6 Hopefully,as technology improves,we 选择权 may have more options for managing this balance. ⑤为复合句。句中as引导时间状语从句，意为“随 着” 41