2023年广东省深圳中考英语试卷

深圳市2023 年初中毕业生学业水平考试 英语 答案解析 一．完形填空 1. D 解析：根据后文 “the driver suddenly passed out”（司机突然昏倒），这是很糟糕的事情，terrible（糟糕的；可怕的）符合语境。natural（自然的）、practical（实际的；实用的）、stupid（愚蠢的）都不能描述这种突发的危急状况 。 2. C 解析：司机昏倒，公交车失控，同学们会处于恐惧中，in fear（恐惧地）符合情境。in joy（高兴地）、in peace（平静地）、in anger（愤怒地）不符合当时同学们的状态。 3. B 解析：公交车失控，朝着危险的地方行驶，safe（安全的）符合语境，即意识到正驶向不安全的地方。busy（忙碌的）、clean（干净的）、warm（温暖的）与文意不符。 4. B 解析：情况危急，Dillon 要迅速采取行动，quickly（迅速地）符合他从座位上起身冲向车头的动作情境。gently（温柔地；轻轻地）、politely（礼貌地）、cheerfully（高兴地）不符合当时紧急的氛围。 5. D 解析：他要控制公交车避免事故，hold（握住；控制）the steering wheel（握住方向盘）符合语境。watch（观看）、show（展示）、leave（离开；留下）不能表达控制方向盘的意思。 6. B 解析：尽管紧张，但他不会放弃，give up（放弃）符合语境。set off（出发；动身）、get along（相处；进展）、break in（闯入；打断）不符合此处语义。 7. A 解析：他按下刹车是为了让公交车停下来，stop（停止）符合语境。push（推）、catch（抓住）、repair（修理）不符合按刹车的目的。 8. C 解析：Dillon 在危急时刻控制住公交车，这种行为体现了勇敢，所以bravery（勇敢）符合。patience（耐心）、honesty（诚实）、confidence（自信）不能描述他这种临危不惧的行为。 9. A 解析：他救了车上所有人，人们把他当作英雄，hero（英雄）符合。doctor（医生）、teacher（教师）、passenger（乘客）不符合他的英勇行为所获得的赞誉。 10. D 解析：校长认为他的勇敢行为会鼓励其他人以他为榜样，encourage（鼓励）符合语境。warn（警告）、force（强迫）、require（要求）不符合这种积极的意义。 二．阅读理解 A 篇 11 .A。根据文章第一段 “They went walking in the forest every weekend.” 可知，马特和他妈妈在森林里散步，A 选项正确。B 选项 “他们种树”、C 选项 “他们画画”、D 选项 “他们浇花” 在文中均未提及。 12 .C。“that” 所在句子 “There was no forest in the neighbourhood, and that made Matt sad.”，“that” 指代前文提到的 “家附近没有森林” 这件事，所以 C 选项正确。A 选项 “春天来了”、B 选项 “妈妈找到了一份新工作” 均不符合 “that” 所指代内容；D 选项 “马特在城市的生活没有变化” 与原文不符。 13 .B。从文章第四段 “There were many trees - real ones. But each one was in a pot. They were everywhere in the room.” 能看出，波特夫人家里有很多树，B 选项正确。A 选项 “她的家在乡村” 与原文她和马特是邻居（马特搬到城市）不符；C 选项 “她的家又旧又破” 在文中未提及；D 选项 “有很多人住在她家”，文中提到她独自居住，该选项错误。 14 .B。由文章第六段 “Mrs. Potter gave Matt two potted trees.” 可知，波特夫人通过送马特两棵树来感谢他，B 选项正确。A 选项 “照顾马特”、C 选项 “在阳台上和马特打招呼”、D 选项 “把一个花盆搬到马特家” 均不符合文意。 15 .D。文章最后一段 “Matt smiled. He felt like he was living beside a forest again.” 表明，马特看到黑鸟时感觉又像住在森林旁边一样，所以他应该是开心的，D 选项正确。A 选项 “疲惫的”、B 选项 “孤独的”、C 选项 “放松的” 均不符合语境。 B 篇 16 .C。第二段提到 “Ding Liren took the crown of the World Chess Championship...Ding became the new world chess champion and also the first Chinese male player to win the title.”，说明丁立人作为中国棋手创造了历史，C 选项正确。A 选项 “丁立人在决赛中犯了错误”，原文是俄罗斯选手犯错；B 选项 “谢军赢得了男子世界国际象棋锦标赛冠军”，谢军赢得的是女子冠军；D 选项 “1991 年后中国棋手进步甚微” 与原文 “Chinese chess players have made great progress on the world stage.” 不符。 17 .A。文中提到 “the championship with a history of 137 years”，今年是 2023 年，2023-137 = 1886，所以第一届世界国际象棋锦标赛是在 1886 年举办，A 选项正确。 18 .D。第三段主要讲述了丁立人从小开始学习下棋，五岁赢得第一个全国冠军，十七岁赢得中国国际象棋锦标赛冠军，整段是在介绍他的国际象棋职业生涯发展，D 选项正确。A 选项 “丁立人的生活和家庭故事”，文中未提及家庭故事；B 选项 “国际象棋在温州的受欢迎程度”，段落重点不是讲受欢迎程度；C 选项 “国际象棋锦标赛的历史” 并非该段主要内容。 19 .A。根据 “He is a man of few words, with unusual skills of calculation.” 可知，他话少且有非凡的计算能力，即安静又聪明，A 选项正确。B 选项 “骄傲且体贴”，文中提到他很谦逊，并非骄傲；C 选项 “积极且乐于助人”、D 选项 “友好且幽默” 在文中未体现。 20 .B。文章主要围绕丁立人获得世界国际象棋锦标赛冠军展开，B 选项 “丁立人成为国际象棋新王” 能概括文章主旨，正确。A 选项 “中国人对国际象棋更感兴趣”，文章重点是丁立人的夺冠；C 选项 “谢军和丁立人为国争光”，文章主要突出丁立人的成就；D 选项 “中国棋手长期努力” 没有具体指出丁立人的夺冠这一关键事件。 C篇 21 .C 根据第一段 “Even so, the happy endings make you feel enjoyable.” 可知，假日电影有快乐的结局 。A 选项 “它们讲述现实的故事”，文中提到情节发展太快不现实；B 选项 “角色很聪明”，文中说角色不够合理；D 选项 “故事情节很难理解”，原文说故事情节简单易懂。所以 A、B、D 错误，C 正确。 22 .D 第二段提到研究是为了说明假日电影能降低压力荷尔蒙、有益心血管健康，为前文 “观看假日电影对身体健康有益” 这一观点提供科学依据 。A 选项 “提出新观点”、B 选项 “比较不同事实”、C 选项 “呼吁进一步研究” 均不符合，D 选项 “提供科学支持” 正确。 23 .C 解析：Courtney Cope 说 “对于假日电影，我们知道它们总会以最积极的方式发展。对我们的大脑来说，这是一次远离现实的美好假期”，可推断出我们的大脑喜欢这种远离现实的放松时刻 。A 选项 “人们喜欢和家人一起度假”、B 选项 “电影中的角色是榜样”、D 选项 “假日电影让我们想起艰难时刻” 均未在其话语中体现，C 正确。 24 .D 解析：前文提到一起看电影创造共同回忆、加强关系，关于不现实电影的欢笑和玩笑创造了一种积极的 “bonding” 体验，让我们感觉更亲近，所以 “bonding” 意思是 “联系；联结” ，D 选项 “Connecting”（连接；联系）符合，A 选项 “Working”（工作）、B 选项 “Waiting”（等待）、C 选项 “Learning”（学习）不符合语境。 25 .A 解析：第一段引出假日电影让人愉悦有背后原因这一话题；第二、三、四、五段分别从对身体健康有益、对心理健康有益、带来新视角和鼓励、增进人际关系等方面阐述原因，是总分结构 ，A 选项符合，B、C、D 选项结构不符。 短文填空 26 .F。前文提到 “a comparison between the two has never stopped”，说明人们对电扇和空调哪个更有用存在疑问，F 选项 “许多人想知道：哪一个更有用？” 符合语境，引出下文对两者的比较。 27 .A。该段主要介绍电扇的优点，如安装便捷、可移动、价格便宜等，A 选项 “电扇有很多优点” 能概括该段内容。 28 .B。根据 “You could leave a fan running for 24 hours and still use less energy than two hours of air conditioning.” 可知，这里在说电扇用电少，B 选项 “它们也使用更少的电” 符合文意。 29 .D。前文提到电扇通过使空气流动让汗水干得更快让人感觉凉爽，D 选项 “这就是为什么你在使用电扇时需要靠近它”，解释了电扇的工作原理和使用特点，与前文衔接紧密。 30 .E。前文说当温度高于 35°C 时，开电扇作用不大，E 选项 “在这种情况下，你最好打开空调”，与前文形成对比，且符合逻辑。 信息匹配 31 .B 解析：Jack 想在父亲节为父亲准备一顿大餐，B 选项 “Doing Cooking” 提到学习不同烹饪技巧来制作美味饭菜，还能自己做饭并和家人分享，符合 Jack 的需求。 32 .D 解析：Max 喜欢园艺且想学习种植蔬菜，D 选项 “Farming in the Garden” 提到在花园里种植花卉、蔬菜和果树，能让人亲近自然并了解更多植物和农耕知识，与 Max 的情况匹配。 33 .C 解析：Lisa 想帮助照顾社区里的老人，C 选项 “Community Nursing Centre Service” 提到帮助社区护理中心的老人穿衣、带他们散步聊天等，符合 Lisa 的想法。 34 .F 解析：Eddie 对工程学感兴趣，想体验工程师的生活，F 选项 “Job Shadowing (职业体验)” 提到在暑假跟随职场人士学习两周，有助于了解梦想职业，适合 Eddie。 35 .A 解析：Jenny 想在春节用传统手工艺品装饰房子，A 选项 “Making Handicrafts (手工)” 提到学习制作剪纸、中国结等传统手工艺品来美化家园，符合 Jenny 的需求。 语法填空 0. of。“instead of” 为固定短语，意为 “代替；而不是”。 1. eleventh。此处表示 “在 Fifa 的第十一个生日”，应用序数词 eleventh。 2. tasty。“so + 形容词” 表示 “如此……”，taste 的形容词形式为 tasty，意为 “美味的”。 3. came。根据 “In 2010” 可知，句子时态为一般过去时，come 的过去式为 came。 4. to discover。“a chance to do sth.” 为固定搭配，意为 “做某事的机会”，所以用 to discover。 5. dishes。many 修饰可数名词复数，dish 的复数形式为 dishes。 6. what。“found out” 后接宾语从句，从句中缺少主语，表示 “什么”，用 what 引导。 7. a。“leave a deep impression on sb.” 为固定短语，意为 “给某人留下深刻印象”。 8. but。“not only...but also...” 为固定搭配，意为 “不但…… 而且……”。 9. really。修饰形容词 amazed 用副词，real 的副词形式为 really。 书面表达 参考范文 1 Dear Mr. Brown, I'm Li Hua. I am writing to apply to work as a volunteer. In my opinion, I'm qualified for the position. To begin with, Smart Campus is quite familiar to me. For instance, it brings much convenience to both teachers and students like surfing on the Internet on campus. What's more, I am fond of communicating with others and have a good command of English, which surely contributes to effective communications. Finally, I have some related experience since I have worked as a volunteer several times during junior high school. I sincerely hope that not only can I improve the ability to communicate with others but also I can become more confident. I would appreciate it if I could be given this valuable chance. Thank you. 参考范文 2 Dear Mr. Brown, I'm writing to apply to work as a volunteer to show visitors from New Zealand around our Smart Campus. I believe I am suitable for the job with the following advantages. To begin with, I am quite familiar with our Smart Campus where students and teachers can do a lot of things more conveniently like surfing on the Internet in the classroom. Besides, I am good at communicating and capable of speaking fluent English, which will ensure that I can interact with them well. Last but not least, having participated in voluntary work several times, I have gained rich experience in handling problems and emergencies properly. By doing this job, I expect my confidence as well as my social ability can be enhanced. Meanwhile, the friendship and exchanges between our school and visitors can also be deepened. I would appreciate it if you take my application into consideration. I'm looking forward to your earliest reply. Thank you! 2 / 2 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 深圳市2023年初中学业水平考试 英 语 第一部分选择题(共50分) I. 完形填空(10分) 阅读下面短文，从短文后所给的A 、B 、C 、D 四个选项中选出能填入相应空白处的最佳选项。(共10小 题，每小题1分) On April 26, 2023, Dillon Reeves from a middle school in Michigan was riding home on the school bus with his classmates. However, something 1 happened—the driver suddenly passed out. The bus started to get out of control. Dillon looked around and saw his fellow students crying out in 2 . He realized they were heading to a very 3 place where lots of cars met. The bus swayed (摇摆) from side to side. Dillon got up from his seat 4 and rushed to the front. He had to do something before their bus hit the cars. Though he was frightened, he 5 the steering wheel (方向盘) to keep the bus from getting on the wrong way to avoid an accident. Dillon was feeling nervous, but he wouldn't 6 . In the end, Dillon managed to press down hard on the brake (刹车) to 7 the bus and saved everyone on board. The bus driver was taken to hospital immediately to receive medical treatment. People at the scene were amazed by Dillon's 8 and quick thinking. They were very proud of him, describing him as a 9 . "Dillon made all the difference and showed the very best of our students, "said the school head Robert. He believed that Dillon's brave action would 10 others to follow his example. 1. A. natural B. practical C. stupid D. terrible 2. A. joy B. peace C. fear D. anger 3. A. busy B. safe C. clean D. warm 4. A. gently B. quickly C. politely D. cheerfully 5. A. watched B. showed C. left D. held 6. A. set off B. give up C. get along D. break in 7. A. stop B. push C. catch D. repair 8. A. patience B. honesty C. bravery D. confidence 9. A. hero B. doctor C. teacher D. passenger 10. A. warn B. force C. require D. encourage II. 阅读理解(40分) 第一节 阅读下列短文，从下面每小题所给的A、B、C、D 四个选项中，选出最佳选项。(共15小题， 每小题1. 5分) A Matt and his mum lived in the country next to a huge forest. There were trees and birds everywhere. They went walking in the forest every weekend. They looked for birds, found feathers and picked berries. Mat thought he lived in the best place in the whole world. But, at the start of spring, everything changed. His family moved to the city as his mum found a new job. There was no forest in the neighbourhood, and that made Matt sad. Mrs. Potter, Matt's new neighbour, was an old lady who lived alone. One day, Matt saw her carrying a pot into the building. It seemed a bit heavy, so Matt helped carry it to her home. Once Mrs. Potter opened the door, Matt was amazed at the view in front of him. It was a forest, but it wasn't like any forest he had seen before. There were many trees—real ones. But each one was in a pot. They were everywhere in the room. Matt felt as if he was in a fairy land. "I see you like my indoor forest, "said Mrs. Potter. "They are beautiful, " said Matt. "Would you like to take some trees home? Thank you so much for helping me today, "said Mrs. Potter. "Yes, please!"said Matt, excitedly. Mrs. Potter gave Matt two potted (盆栽的) trees. She showed him how to care for the trees. Matt kept them on his balcony (阳台). One day, he saw something moving below the trees. It was a fat blackbird eating the berries of the trees! Matt smiled. He felt like he was living beside a forest again. 11. What did Matt and his mum do in the forest? A. They took a walk. B. They planted trees. C. They drew a picture. D. They watered flowers. 12. What does the underlined "that" in paragraph 2 refer to? A. Spring was arriving B. Mum got a newjob. C. There was no forest around Matt's new home. D. There was no change in Matt's life in the city. 13. What can we learn about Mrs. Potter's home? A. Her home was in the country. B. There were a lot oftrees in her home. C. Her home was old and broken. D. There were many people living in her home. 14. How did Mrs. Potter thank Matt? A. By taking care of Matt. B. By giving Matt two trees. C. By greeting Matt on her balcony. D. By carrying a pot to Matt's home. 15. How did Matt probably feel when he saw the blackbird? A. Tired. B. Lonely. C. Relaxed. D. Happy. B With more than 30 years of tireless effort, China finally made history in an international chess competition this year. On April 30, Ding Liren took the crown of the World Chess Championship (锦标赛). He beat the Russian player Ian Nepomniachtchi when the Russian made a serious mistake in the final match. Ding became the new world chess champion and also the first Chinese male (男子) player to win the title. His victory means that China now holds both the men's and women's world titles in chess. Before him, Xie Jun first won women's world title in 1991. From then on, Chinese chess players have made great progress on the world stage. As the 17th winner of the championship with a history of 137 years, Ding showed a gift for chess from an early age. Born in Wenzhou, the "chess city"of China, Ding began learning to play chess when he was little. At the age of five, he won his first national title. When he was seventeen, he beat several experienced masters to win the chess championship of China. Ding is called Silent Storm. He is a man of few words, with unusual skills of calculation. He often beats other players at lightning speed, while remaining calm. Although he has long been a big star in the chess world, he is humble(谦逊的). He learns from his mistakes and is always ready to talk about his problems. Ding hopes that after his big win, more and more young people in China will take an interest in chess. 16. What can we learn from paragraph 2？ A. Ding Liren made a mistake in the final match. B. Xie Jun won men's World Chess Championship. C. Ding Liren made history as a Chinese chess player. D. Chinese chess players made little progress after 1991. 17. In which year was the first World Chess Championship held? A. 1886. B. 1961. C. 1993. D. 2006. 18. What is paragraph 3 mainly about? A. The stories of Ding's life and family. B. The popularity of chess in Wenzhou. C. The history of the chess championship. D. The development of Ding's chess career. 19. Which words best describe Ding Liren? A. Quiet and smart. B. Proud and caring. C. Active and helpful. D. Friendly and humorous. 20. What is the best title for the passage? A. Chinese Took a Greater Interest in Chess B. Ding Liren Became the New King of Chess C. Xie Jun and Ding Liren Brought Honour Home D. Chinese Chess Players Have Worked Hard for Long C There's no better way to start the holidays than with a holiday movie. The storylines of these movies are often silly, and easy to understand. The characters are not reasonable enough. The plot moves too fast to be realistic. Even so, the happy endings make you feel enjoyable. And as it tums out, there are reasons behind the joy you get from watching them. Holiday movies are usually relaxing. Watching them is good for our physical health. According to a study published in 2020 in the book Nostalgia Now, holiday movies can lower stress hormones (荷尔蒙) and increase cardiovascular (心血管的) health because the movies are always full of fun. Holiday movies do more than just benefit our body. They can improve our mental (心理的) health as well. Courtney Cope, a scientist, once said, "When it comes to holiday movies, we know they are always going to work out in the most positive way. It's a nice vacation from reality for our minds. "In fact, when we are watching these movies, we imagine ourselves living in a perfect world. Besides, holiday movies enable us to see things in a new way, or feel encouraged to make a difference. We often see characters that we respect overcome all kinds of difficulties. The movies serve as a reminder that even in the worst of times, there is always hope. Moreover, most holiday movies are family-friendly. When we watch them with others, we create shared memories and strengthen relationships. The laughter and joking about an unrealistic movie create a positive bonding experience, which makes us feel closer and "home" for the holidays. The shared memories and experiences make the holidays more meaningful. 21. What can we learn about holiday movies from paragraph 1? A. They tell realistic stories. B. The characters are clever. C. They have happy endings. D. The storylines are hard to follow. 22. Why does the writer mention the study in paragraph 2? A. To bring up a new idea. B. To compare different facts. C. To call for further studies. D. To provide scientific support. 23. What can we infer from Courtney Cope's words? A. People enjoy going on vacation with family. B. The characters in the movies are role models. C. Our minds like the relaxing break from reality. D. Holiday movies remind us of the difficult times. 24. What does the underlined word "bonding" in paragraph 5 probably mean? A. Working. B. Waiting. C. Learning. D. Connecting. 25. Which of the following best shows the structure of the text?(P=Paragraph) 第二节 阅读下面短文，从方框里的六个句子中选择五个还原到原文，使原文的意思连贯、完整。(共5 小题，每小题2分) A. Fans have many advantages. B. They also use less electricity. C. All air conditioners work similarly. D. That is why you need to stay near a fan while using it. E. In this situation, you'd better tum on an air conditioner. F. Many people have wondered:Which one is more useful? A long heat wave hit Europe last summer. The temperature reached 40℃. While both electric fans and air conditioners can help beat the heat, a comparison between the two has never stopped. 26 In most cases, an electric fan is able to get the job done. 27 Most of them take no time to set up. They can be easily carried around in a room. Electric fans are much cheaper than air conditioners. 28 You could leave a fan running for 24 hours and still use less energy than two hours of air conditioning. But fans and air conditioners work in quite different ways. An electric fan doesn't cool the air in your home. It leaves you feeling cooler by moving the air around so that your sweat (汗) dries up faster. 29 In comparison to fans, air conditioners can lower the temperature of the whole room. When you have your air conditioner on, you can feel its effect from wherever you stand. In short, electric fans can work wonders in summer and they are better for the environment. But tuming on a fan doesn't make much difference when the temperature is above 35℃. 30 You should also use an air conditioner when you are sharing your room with others. 第三节 下面的材料A~F是六项与劳动课程有关的介绍。请根据 Jack, Max, Lisa, Eddie, Jenny五位同学的实际情况，为他们推荐合适的项目。(共5小题，每小题1. 5分) A. Making Handicrafts(手工) Learn to make traditional handicrafts such as paper cutings and Chinese knots (中国结) to make your home beautiful. It develops your hands-on skills. B. Doing Cooking Learn different cooking skills to make delicious meals. Try to cook meals by yourself and share them with your family. It improves your life skills. C. Community Nursing Centre Service Help the old people at the centre with dressing. Take them out for a walk and chat with them. You can help them develop a healthy lifestyle. D. Farming in the Garden Plant flowers, vegetables and fruit trees in the garden. You can get close to nature and learn more about plants and farming. E. Waste Separation Record the progress of the waste separation programme in the neighbourhood. You can help the government run this programme better. F. Job Shadowing (职业体验) Follow and learn from someone in their workplace for two weeks in the coming summer holiday. It may help you know more about your dream career. 31. Jack wants to prepare a big meal for his father on Father's Day. 32. Max loves gardening. He also wants to learn how to grow vegetables. 33. Lisa is a helpful girl. She wants to help look after the old in the community. 34. Eddie is interested in engineering. He wants to experience the life of an engineer. 35. Jenny wants to beautify her house with some traditional handicrafts during Chinese New Year. 第二部分非选择题(共25分) III. 语法填空(10分) 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。(共10小题，每小题1分) As the Chinese saying goes, "Food is the first necessity (必需品) of the people." Chinese people often greet each other by asking "Did you eat?" instead 36 "How are you?" Chinese food culture has attracted many foreigners, including Fifa from Madagascar(马达加斯加). On Fifa's 37 (eleven) birthday, her parents took her to a local Chinese restaurant for dinner. The food there was so 38 (taste) that she asked her parents to take her there more often. Since then, Fifa has developed a deep love for Chinese food. In 2010, Fifa 39 (come) to study in a Chinese university. For her, this was a great chance 40 (discover) more about Chinese food. Over the past years, she has tried many 41 (dish) and drinks from different places in China, such as hot dry noodles in Hubei and morning tea in Guangdong. She has found out 42 makes each area's cuisine (美食) special. In addition to the mouth-watering food, the cultural traditions behind it have also left 43 deep impression on her. For example, in Guangdong, morning tea is not only about the snacks, 44 also about the valuable time people spend with their family and friends. Fifa said that she was 45 (real) amazed at how food could hold so much meaning. For her, it was an eye-opening experience that she would always remember. IV. 书面表达(15分) 假定你是李华。下周五，新西兰教育考察团将访问你校，了解学校“智慧校园”的建设情况。学校委托外教Mr. Brown在学生中招募志愿者来接待考察团。请你给Mr. Brown写一封自荐信，内容包括： 1. 个人优势： ①熟知“智慧校园”, 如师生能在教室上网; ②乐于交流； ③擅长英语; ④…… ; 2. 期待的收获; 3. 希望获得机会。 注意： 1. 词数为80左右 (开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数); 2. 要点齐全，可适当增加细节； 3. 不得出现真实姓名和校名; 4. 条理清楚，语句通顺，意义连贯，书写规范。 参考词汇：智慧校园 Smart Campus 上网 surf the internet Dear Mr. Brown, I am Li Hua. I am writing to apply to work as a volunteer to show the visitors from New Zealand around our campus. _______________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Thank you. Yours, Li Hua 2 / 2 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$