精品解析：广东省深圳市高级中学2024-2025学年高一下学期3月阶段性测试英语试题

深圳高级中学（集团）东校区2024-2025学年第二学期阶段性测试 高一英语 满分120分，考试用时120分钟。 注意事项： 1．答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、考生号、考场号和座位号填写在答题卡上。 2．作答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用2B铅笔在答题卡上对应题目后面的答案信息点涂黑；如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案。答案不能答在试卷上。 3．非选择题必须用黑色字迹的钢笔或签字笔作答，答案必须写在答题卡各题目指定区域内相应位置上；如需改动，先划掉原来的答案，然后再写上新答案；不准使用铅笔和涂改液。不按以上要求作答无效。 4．考生必须保持答题卡的整洁。考试结束后，请将答题卡交回。 第一部分 基础知识（共10小题；每题1分，满分10分） 单项选择 从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 1. In the library we found him at a desk, with his attention on a book. A. sitting, focusing B. sit, focused C. sitting, to be focused D. seated, focused 2. In China, a man from Jiangsu Province ________ from university at the age of 88, ________him the oldest university graduate in the country. A. graduated; making B. graduated; to make C. being graduated; made D. having graduated; made 3. All of a sudden, the thief ______ behind a young and beautiful woman seized her handbag, ______ into the crowd. A. walking; rushing B. walking; rushed C. walked; rushing D. walked; rushed 4. It was at 3 in the morning ________ the earthquake happened. Hundreds were killed, with a lot ________ in the ruins. A that; buried B. when; buried C. that; burying D. when; burying 5. I will never forget the days ______ we spent together and ______ we made friends with some farmers. A. when; that B. that; when C. when; when D. which; which 6. William Hastie once suggested that history informs us of past mistakes ________ we can learn without repeating them. A. of whom B. about which C. from which D. by whom 7. The company hired a new CEO ______ innovative ideas have led to significant growth. A. that B. whose C. which D. who 8. China’s high-speed railways _________ from 9,000 to 25,000 kilometers in the past few years. A. are growing B. have grown C. will grow D. had grown 9. My washing machine ___________this week, so I have to wash my clothes by hand. A. was repaired B. is repaired C. is being repaired D. has been repaired 10. Amy, as well as her brothers, ________ a warm welcome when returning to the village last week. A. is given B. are given C was given D. were given 第二部分 阅读理解（共两节，满分50分） 第一节（共15小题；每题2.5分，满分37.5分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A Sending your children to camps not only allows them to explore new activities, but also provides them with valuable experience and improves their confidence. We have carefully chosen a number of camps from across the country. Take a look at our collection and find one for your children. Canyon Creek Sports Camp This camp provides a safe, non-competitive environment where boys and girls have the opportunity to build confidence and independence, learn teamwork and develop problem-solving skills. With excellent and modern equipment, our perfect sports complex (综合设施) is less than an hour’s drive from West Los Angeles. Camp Pocono Trails Our camp offers a special program to teenagers who want to rediscover their own strengths because they have been too busy tapping on their phones. Teens can connect with nature, other campers, and themselves. It’s unreasonable to just take the Internet from teenagers. Therefore young people need to learn how to limit their gaming and social media behavior to a proper amount. This is the first summer program that focuses on Internet gaming and social media misuse. Colvig Silver Camps Our unique program connects creative activities with a 3 - 5 day adventure in the natural world, providing campers with real challenges that they can overcome (战胜). Through that challenge and experience, campers gain a better understanding of themselves and the environment around them. Above all, campers could expect a summer of fun and adventure. YMCA Camp Widjiwagan YMCA camps allow teens to take adventures in the finest wilderness areas throughout North America. The trips focus on respect and values that build skills for life as teens can develop a deep relationship with the environment. As campers return year after year for more challenging trips, they build upon their skills and take on greater leadership roles. 11. What does Canyon Creek Sports Camp allow children to do? A. Enjoy some modern artworks. B. Explore new places with their family. C. Take part in different kinds of sports matches. D Improve themselves in a relaxing environment. 12. Who are most likely to benefit from Camp Pocono Trails? A. Those who prefer to enjoy natural wonders. B. Those who spend too much time on the Internet. C. Those who want to gain more computer skills. D. Those who experience great learning difficulties. 13. What do Colvig Silver Camps and YMCA Camp Widjiwagan have in common? A. They both value children’s leadership skills. B. They both pay much attention to teamwork. C. They both provide training through nature trips. D. They both help deal with environmental problems. B Teri Russo, who provided food, shelter and clothing for people with Down Syndrome(唐氏综合征), died on April 8. She believed that children with Down Syndrome were often treated badly and neglected based on what they look like. Ms. Russo devoted her life to disabled, abandoned children. Her motto was to live life to the fullest with love in your heart and a smile on your face and remember never to hurt anyone. Born in Rosebank, Ms. Russo was the eldest child of Dorothy and Louis Russo, who moved to Grasmere during the early 1950s. Educated at St. John Villa Academy, Ms. Russo then joined the U. S. Navy and went to California where she worked for children with Down Syndrome as a nurse. It was at that time that she first met children with Down Syndrome. She tried to convince the parents that their children had greater possibilities than anyone had ever believed. In 1972, she started the Down Syndrome Learning Center in Tottenville, but later, because of a lack of funding, she moved the school to her home. The program included kindergarten and graded elementary classes, as well as reading classes, a wood shop, day trips and a sleep away camp. She was a committee member at Community Health Action. Throughout the years, she applied to city and state officials for better programs for Down Syndrome children. Her goal was to bring healthcare services to those with disabilities and to educate the public about their abilities. She was named an Advanced Woman of Achievements of the Year in 1988 for her achievements, support and selfless devotion. 14. What made children with Down Syndrome neglected according to Teri Russo? A. Their abilities. B. Their movements. C. Their languages. D. Their appearances. 15. Where did Ms. Russo first get to know the children with Down Syndrome? A. In Rosebank. B. In Grasmere. C. In California. D. In Tottenville. 16. What did Ms. Russo need most to run the Down Syndrome Learning Center? A. Classrooms. B. Money. C. Teachers. D. Facilities. 17. What is the main idea of the text? A. Teri Russo devoted her life to fighting for disabled children. B. An energetic nurse tried her best to explore Down Syndrome. C. Ms. Russo successfully started programs to help disabled students. D. Kids with Down Syndrome need more attention from their parents. C A few years ago, you went on a vacation with friends, creating lasting memories — walking along the beach, swimming in the sea, and enjoying breathtaking sunsets. However, the trip wasn’t all smooth sailing: long drives, food issues, and unpredictable weather. Yet, over time, you tend to remember the beautiful moments while the inconveniences fade. This is known as rosy retrospection, a cognitive bias (认知偏见) where people recall past experiences more positively than they felt during the actual event. The phenomenon can be understood as the complex interaction of cognitive mechanisms that shape our memory processes. When recalling memories, our brains tend to focus on positive details and downplay negative aspects, which helps maintain emotional well-being. Nostalgia (怀旧) also plays a significant role, as it arouses feelings of warmth and belonging, leading us to view the past more positively. Additionally, our current emotional state and self-enhancement bias can influence how we remember past events, making them seem more favorable. While some individuals who focus more on negative experiences may be at a higher risk of mood disorders such as depression, rosy retrospection can elevate our moods, increase life satisfaction, and even help us cope with difficult present circumstances by providing a sense of continuity and positive self-identity (自我认同). However, rosy retrospection occasionally creates an unrealistic view of the past, which can lead people to make decisions that are not based on reality but rather on their idealized memories. It’s one of the reasons why we might repeatedly return to unhealthy relationships. The longer the time that has passed since the event, the more likely we are to let the good memories outweigh the bad memories and perhaps even forgive unforgivable behavior. Understanding and acknowledging this cognitive bias can be crucial for making accurate and beneficial decisions. 18. How do people with rosy retrospection typically behave? A. They forget negative moments easily. B. They recall breathtaking details repeatedly. C. They remember adventurous trips more clearly. D. They view previous experiences more positively. 19. What is paragraph 2 mainly about? A. The meaning of rosy retrospection. B. The reasons for rosy retrospection. C. The role of nostalgia in shaping memories. D. The methods of maintaining emotional well-being. 20. What does the underlined word “elevate” in paragraph 3 probably mean? A. Promote. B. Expose. C. Assess. D. Ignore. 21. What is a potential negative effect of rosy retrospection? A. It gives rise to incorrect judgments. B. It leads to a constant state of depression. C. It makes people miss out on opportunities. D It causes people to be unwilling to face reality. D Wearing noise-cancelling headphones (降噪耳机) to block out distractions has become increasingly common, especially among young people. However, recent studies suggest that the widespread use of these headphones has led to a significant rise in hearing issues. Upon further investigation, it was revealed that the problem is not actually related to the ears but rather results from the brain. This condition, known as Auditory Processing Disorder (APD), occurs when the brain has difficulty in processing sounds or words, distinguishing them from background noise, which makes it difficult for individuals to engage in conversations in social situations or clearly hear instructions at work or school. While APD has historically been linked to childhood brain injury, ear infections, or genetic factors, experts now suggest that the rise in noise-cancelling headphones may be contributing to the condition. Although noise-cancelling headphones can be useful in protecting people from loud noises, experts believe they may untrain the brain’s ability to naturally block out background noise. Claire Benton from the British Academy of Audiology explained that by blocking everyday sounds like train noise or traffic, the brain might “forget” how to filter out distractions. It’s similar to relying too often on a crutch (拐杖) — just as leg muscles weaken from lack of use, constant use of noise-cancelling headphones may create an artificial environment, where the brain no longer practices filtering out distractions, making it harder to function naturally. “Those complex, high-level listening skills in your brain don’t fully develop until your late teens. If you have only been wearing noise-cancelling headphones during this crucial period, you may be slightly delaying your ability to process speech and noise,” explained Claire Benton. “Therefore, using them in moderation and occasionally exposing yourself to natural environments can help maintain the brain’s auditory processing abilities. The key lies in balance — protecting your hearing from harmful noises while still giving your brain opportunities to exercise its natural filtering abilities.” 22. What do recent studies find about noise-cancelling headphones? A. They are popular among young people. B. They can lead to serious hearing damage. C. They are more harmful than regular headphones. D. They can weaken the brain’s ability to process sound. 23. How do people with APD typically behave? A. They become intolerant of loud noises. B. They constantly hear sounds in their ears. C. They get easily distracted by background noises. D. They struggle to distinguish sounds in noisy environments. 24. Why does the author mention “crutch” in paragraph 3? A. To stress the risks of overusing noise-cancelling headphones. B. To show the necessity of blocking out loud noises in daily life. C. To state the reasons for inventing noise-cancelling headphones. D. To explain the working principle of noise-cancelling headphones. 25. What does Claire Benton want to tell us in the last paragraph? A. High-level listening skills are crucial for personal growth. B. Noise-cancelling headphones bring long-lasting threat to people. C. We should avoid relying too much on noise-cancelling headphones. D. Natural background noise has a negative impact on brain development. 第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分） 阅读下面短文，从选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 Despite the importance of sleep to physical and mental well-being, you may find it challenging to get enough quality sleep each night. ____26____. By getting to know them, you can take action to make it easier for you to fall asleep, stay asleep, and wake up feeling well-rested. Usually, physical pain can affect sleep quality by making it hard for you to fall asleep or causing you to wake up in the middle of the night. ____27____ Getting a mattress (床垫) with ideal support for the back and pressure-relieving materials helps prevent pain from appearing or worsening. Also, make sure you are sleeping on a pillow that keeps your neck and back in the correct position. ____28____. And they can create a cyclical (循环的) problem because as you lose sleep, your stress level increases. So, if you are experiencing sleep-preventing stress, you can use helpful ways, like receiving professional treatment, to manage your pressure. Light affects sleep quality by influencing the circadian thythem (昼夜节律) , the body’s internal clock which controls when you feel tired or when to wake up. By using the right methods, you can reduce the negative effects of light on your sleep. ____29____ Food can also influence sleep quality by causing discomfort. Certain foods may cause an upset stomach at nighttime, including pizza, potato chips, cheese, chocolate, etc. ____30____. They include whole grains, vegetables, and watery foods. Moreover, eating too much before bed can make you feel uncomfortable. Therefore, you should be mindful of what you eat and how much you eat before bed. A. Back pain and neck pain are common discomforts. B. Keep a balanced diet and a dark sleep environment. C. In fact, sleep quality is influenced by various factors. D. However, there are other foods that can help ease discomfort. E. The effects of poor sleep quality can be felt in all areas of your life. F. Besides, troubling thoughts can stop you from getting quality sleep. G. For example, you can turn off the electronics before bed and wear an eye mask. 第三部分 语言运用（共四节，满分45分） 第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。 After bringing up three children, Barthorpe decided to do something for herself. She planned to ____31____ herself by learning to ride a motorcycle at the age of 60. After passing her driving test, she soon ____32____ on her first solo (单独的) ride. She remembered the ____33____ of being on the road alone for the first time. Although Barthorpe preferred riding solo she contacted the Women’s International Motorcycle Association (WIMA) in the hope of ____34____ it. It was the connection with the WIMA that led her to a(n) ____35____ — the Women Riders World Relay. The plan was to pass a baton (接力棒), rider to rider, all around the world. That was a test of the riders’ courage and ____36____. But just after Barthorpe took on the role, she ____37____ fell down and got injured. She spent several months in hospital. However, Barthorpe didn’t see it as a ____38____ experience. She knew that she must pay much attention to ____39____ first. Getting on a motoreycle again was ______40______, but Barthorpe took extra training and ______41______ a lot. And she pushed herself to take part in the race in Australia. Barthorpe then realized that it was normal to ______42______ and rise to it, which offered an opportunity to grow. What attracts Barthorpe most to a motorcycle is the ______43______. “I can go anywhere I want and any time I like,” she said. “The kids said to me, ‘Mum, you seem to have turned into a ______44______ teenager.’ I just told them, ‘No, I’ve just found the field where I can see my ______45______.’” 31. A. protect B. express C. challenge D. educate 32. A. set out B. caught up C. calmed down D. showed off 33. A. duty B. excitement C. risk D. struggle 34. A. interviewing B. encouraging C. impressing D. joining 35. A. lesson B. record C. adventure D. experiment 36. A. teamwork B. friendship C. understanding D. memory 37. A. slowly B. strangely C. purposely D. accidentally 38. A. discouraging B. common C. practical D. pleasant 39. A. honor B. safety C. experience D. interest 40. A. doubtful B. peaceful C. stressful D. meaningful 41. A. lost B. expected C. noticed D. improved 42. A. fail B. recover C. wait D. reply 43. A. performance B. competition C. freedom D. independence 44. A. careful B. friendly C. serious D. brave 45. A. choice B. value C. habit D. effort 第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 The Chinese seal (印章) is most ____46____ (common) made of stone, but can also be made of plastic, ivory, or metal. Seals ____47____ (be) a part of Chinese culture for thousands of years. The earliest known seals date ____48____ the Shang Dynasty. Seals became widely used during the Warring States period ____49____ they were used for signing documents. By the time of the Han Dynasty, the seal was an essential part of Chinese culture. During the history of the Chinese seal, Chinese characters have evolved (深化). Some of the ____50____ (change) made to characters over the centuries have been related to the practice of carving seals. For example, during the Qin Dynasty, Chinese characters had a round shape. The need ____51____ (carve) them on a square seal led to the characters ____52____ (they) taking on a square and even shape. Chinese seals are used for many kinds of ____53____ (office) documents. There are also seals for less formal uses. And seals are also created by the artists for their artworks, ____54____ (add) a further artistic dimension to their paintings or calligraphic scrolls. Artists in particular often design and carve their own seals which are used on their artworks. However, anyone having _____55_____ passion for art may enjoy creating their own seal. 第三节（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分） 单词拼写 根据首字母及汉语提示或用所给单词的正确形式填空。 56. The new policy has proven to be highly b______(有益的) to local businesses, leading to increased growth. (根据中英文提示单词拼写) 57. During the conference, she spoke p______ (尤其) about the environmental impact of single-use plastics. (根据中英文提示单词拼写) 58. U______(扰乱) the carefully planned schedule at the last minute caused widespread chaos among the event organizers and participants. (根据中英文提示单词拼写) 59. After successfully solving the complex math problem, she felt a deep sense of a______ (成就). (根据中英文提示单词拼写) 60. The foundation’s g______(慷慨) in funding the scholarship program enabled hundreds of students to pursue higher education. (根据中英文提示单词拼写) 61. It has become increasingly e______ (明显的) that environmental problems are becoming increasingly severe. (根据中英文提示单词拼写) 62. Maintaining an e______ (有活力的) lifestyle through regular exercise significantly reduces the risk of chronic diseases. (根据中英文提示单词拼写) 63. Over the past decade, we have missed several crucial o______ (机会) to expand our market due to various reasons. (根据中英文提示单词拼写) 64. The new medicine offers immediate r______ (轻松) from pain, providing patients with comfort and improved quality of life. (根据中英文提示单词拼写) 65. The research lab’s inability to purchase advanced e______（设备) has made it unable to operate normally. (根据中英文提示单词拼写) 第四节（共5小题；每小题1分，满分5分） 短语选择 根据句意，从所给词组中挑选合适的一项并用其正确形式完成句子，其中有两个选项为多余选项。 keep track of now that in addition (to) (be) absorbed in get through set up join…to… 66. She walked along the quiet street, ______ her thoughts, completely unaware of the world around her. 67. With so many papers to ______ before the deadline, they divided the work among the team. 68. The island ______ the mainland by a bridge is a popular tourist destination. 69. ______ his regular job, he volunteers at a local charity on weekends. 70. ______a Wi-Fi network at home is easier than you think. 第四部分 应用文写作（满分15分） 71. 假定你是李华，你们学校计划本周三举行一次主题为“青少年安全上网”的英语演讲比赛。请根据下面的要点写一篇演讲稿。 内容包括： 1．安全上网的重要性；2．青少年安全上网的建议。 注意：1．词数80左右；2．可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。 ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 深圳高级中学（集团）东校区2024-2025学年第二学期阶段性测试 高一英语 满分120分，考试用时120分钟。 注意事项： 1．答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、考生号、考场号和座位号填写在答题卡上。 2．作答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用2B铅笔在答题卡上对应题目后面的答案信息点涂黑；如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案。答案不能答在试卷上。 3．非选择题必须用黑色字迹的钢笔或签字笔作答，答案必须写在答题卡各题目指定区域内相应位置上；如需改动，先划掉原来的答案，然后再写上新答案；不准使用铅笔和涂改液。不按以上要求作答无效。 4．考生必须保持答题卡的整洁。考试结束后，请将答题卡交回。 第一部分 基础知识（共10小题；每题1分，满分10分） 单项选择 从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 1. In the library we found him at a desk, with his attention on a book. A. sitting, focusing B. sit, focused C. sitting, to be focused D. seated, focused 【答案】D 【解析】 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：在图书馆里，我们发现他坐在书桌前，注意力集中在一本书上。句子谓语为found，设空处为非谓语动词，sit与逻辑主语him之间为主谓关系，应用现在分词sitting，若用动词seat，则为动宾关系，应用过去分词seated，作宾语him的补语；第二空考查with结构，动词focus与his attention之间为动宾关系，应用过去分词。focus on意为“专注于”。故选D项。 2. In China, a man from Jiangsu Province ________ from university at the age of 88, ________him the oldest university graduate in the country. A. graduated; making B. graduated; to make C. being graduated; made D. having graduated; made 【答案】A 【解析】 【详解】考查谓语动词和非谓语动词。句意：在中国，江苏一名男子以88岁高龄从大学毕业，成为中国年龄最大的大学毕业生。分析句子结构可知，第一空为句中谓语动词。陈述过去事情，用一般过去时。第二空为非谓语动词，表示自然而然的结果，所以用现在分词作状语。故选A。 3. All of a sudden, the thief ______ behind a young and beautiful woman seized her handbag, ______ into the crowd. A. walking; rushing B. walking; rushed C. walked; rushing D. walked; rushed 【答案】A 【解析】 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：突然，走在一个年轻漂亮女人后面的小偷抢走了她的手提包，冲进了人群。句中已有谓语seized，两空均作非谓语动词，第一空，walk与逻辑主语the thief之间是主动关系，应用现在分词形式walking作后置定语；第二空，rush与逻辑主语the thief构成主动关系，应用现在分词形式rushing作状语。故选A。 4. It was at 3 in the morning ________ the earthquake happened. Hundreds were killed, with a lot ________ in the ruins. A. that; buried B. when; buried C. that; burying D. when; burying 【答案】A 【解析】 【详解】考查it强调句句式和过去分词。句意：地震是在凌晨3点发生的。数百人丧生，许多人被埋在废墟中。去掉it was和空格后句子完整，所以此处为it强调句句式，即“it be+被强调部分+that/who+剩余部分”，且此处强调的是物，所以应用that。在with的复合结构中，动词bury意为“埋”，和逻辑主语a lot构成被动关系，且动作已完成，所以应用过去分词形式。故选A。 5. I will never forget the days ______ we spent together and ______ we made friends with some farmers. A. when; that B. that; when C. when; when D. which; which 【答案】B 【解析】 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：我永远不会忘记我们在一起度过的日子，当我们和一些农民交朋友的时候。分析句子结构可知，第一空为引导定语从句的关系词，先行词为名词the days，关系词在从句中作宾语，因此用that或者which；第二个空格处也为定语从句的连关系词，先行词为days，在句子中作状语，表示时间，所以用when。故选B。 6. William Hastie once suggested that history informs us of past mistakes ________ we can learn without repeating them. A. of whom B. about which C. from which D. by whom 【答案】C 【解析】 【详解】考查介词+关系代词引导的定语从句。句意：威廉·海斯蒂曾提出，历史告诉我们过去的错误，我们可以从中吸取教训，而不必重蹈覆辙。分析句子可知，空处及之后的句子为定语从句，先行词为mistakes，句子表示“我们可以从错误中吸取教训，而不是重蹈覆辙”，所以空处用“from which”，故选C。 7. The company hired a new CEO ______ innovative ideas have led to significant growth. A. that B. whose C. which D. who 【答案】B 【解析】 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：公司聘请了一位新CEO，其创新理念带来了显著的增长。分析句子结构，空格后为定语从句修饰先行词CEO，先行词在从句中作定语，修饰ideas，表示“……的”，应用关系代词whose引导。故选B。 8. China’s high-speed railways _________ from 9,000 to 25,000 kilometers in the past few years. A. are growing B. have grown C. will grow D. had grown 【答案】B 【解析】 【详解】考查时态。句意：在过去的几年里，中国的高速铁路已经从9,000公里增长到25,000公里。该句时间状语为in the past few years。中国高速铁路的增长是从过去一直到现在几年里的情况，故该句应用现在完成时态。B选项正确。 点睛：现在完成时可以表示过去的事情对现在的影响，也可以表示持续到现在的动作或状态，动词一般是延续性的。常见的时间状语有：since + 时间点/从句，for two months，so far，recently，in the past/last few days等。 9. My washing machine ___________this week, so I have to wash my clothes by hand. A. was repaired B. is repaired C. is being repaired D. has been repaired 【答案】C 【解析】 【详解】考查时态。句意：这周我的洗衣机正在修，所以我不得不手洗衣服。根据后句so I have to wash my clothes by hand.可知，洗衣机正在修，故用现在进行时态的被动语态。故选C。 点睛：本题考查时态。分析选项可以知道，4个选项都用了被动语态，本题考查的其实是不同的时态。选项A是过去时；选项B是一般现在时的被动；选项C是现在进行时；选项D是现在完成时。再结合语境进行分析，最终判断出最佳答案。 10. Amy, as well as her brothers, ________ a warm welcome when returning to the village last week. A. is given B. are given C. was given D. were given 【答案】C 【解析】 【详解】考查时态和语态。句意：艾米和她的兄弟们当上周回到村里时，受到了热烈的欢迎。根据last week可知，应用过去时，排除选项A和B；本句的主语是Amy，她受到热烈欢迎，所以用过去时的被动。故选C。 第二部分 阅读理解（共两节，满分50分） 第一节（共15小题；每题2.5分，满分37.5分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A Sending your children to camps not only allows them to explore new activities, but also provides them with valuable experience and improves their confidence. We have carefully chosen a number of camps from across the country. Take a look at our collection and find one for your children. Canyon Creek Sports Camp This camp provides a safe, non-competitive environment where boys and girls have the opportunity to build confidence and independence, learn teamwork and develop problem-solving skills. With excellent and modern equipment, our perfect sports complex (综合设施) is less than an hour’s drive from West Los Angeles. Camp Pocono Trails Our camp offers a special program to teenagers who want to rediscover their own strengths because they have been too busy tapping on their phones. Teens can connect with nature, other campers, and themselves. It’s unreasonable to just take the Internet from teenagers. Therefore young people need to learn how to limit their gaming and social media behavior to a proper amount. This is the first summer program that focuses on Internet gaming and social media misuse. Colvig Silver Camps Our unique program connects creative activities with a 3 - 5 day adventure in the natural world, providing campers with real challenges that they can overcome (战胜). Through that challenge and experience, campers gain a better understanding of themselves and the environment around them. Above all, campers could expect a summer of fun and adventure. YMCA Camp Widjiwagan YMCA camps allow teens to take adventures in the finest wilderness areas throughout North America. The trips focus on respect and values that build skills for life as teens can develop a deep relationship with the environment. As campers return year after year for more challenging trips, they build upon their skills and take on greater leadership roles. 11. What does Canyon Creek Sports Camp allow children to do? A. Enjoy some modern artworks. B. Explore new places with their family. C. Take part in different kinds of sports matches. D. Improve themselves in a relaxing environment. 12. Who are most likely to benefit from Camp Pocono Trails? A. Those who prefer to enjoy natural wonders. B. Those who spend too much time on the Internet. C. Those who want to gain more computer skills. D. Those who experience great learning difficulties. 13. What do Colvig Silver Camps and YMCA Camp Widjiwagan have in common? A. They both value children’s leadership skills. B. They both pay much attention to teamwork. C. They both provide training through nature trips. D. They both help deal with environmental problems. 【答案】11. D 12. B 13. C 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了为孩子选择夏令营的好处以及一些夏令营的具体信息。 11题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章“Canyon Creek Sports Camp”部分中的“This camp provides a safe, non-competitive environment where boys and girls have the opportunity to build confidence and independence, learn teamwork and develop problem-solving skills. (这个夏令营提供了一个安全，非竞争性的环境，让男孩和女孩有机会建立自信和独立，学习团队合作和发展解决问题的能力。)”可知，Canyon Creek Sports Camp可以让孩子们在安全，非竞争性的环境中有机会建立自信和独立，学习团队合作和发展解决问题的能力，也就是提升自己。故选D。 【12题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章“Camp Pocono Trails”部分中的“Our camp offers a special program to teenagers who want to rediscover their own strengths because they have been too busy tapping on their phones. Teens can connect with nature, other campers, and themselves. It’s unreasonable to just take the Internet from teenagers. Therefore young people need to learn how to limit their gaming and social media behavior to a proper amount. This is the first summer program that focuses on Internet gaming and social media misuse.(我们的夏令营为那些因为忙着玩手机而想要重新发现自己优势的青少年提供了一个特别的项目。青少年可以与大自然、其他露营者和他们自己联系。把互联网从青少年手中夺走是不合理的。因此，年轻人需要学会如何将自己的游戏和社交媒体行为限制在适当的范围内。这是第一个专注于网络游戏和社交媒体滥用的暑期课程。)”可知，Camp Pocono Trails对于那些忙着玩手机而想要重新发现自己优势的青少年来说极其有益。故选B。 【13题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章“Colvig Silver Camps”部分中的“Our unique program connects creative activities with a 3 - 5 day adventure in the natural world, providing campers with real challenges that they can overcome (战胜).(我们独特的项目将创造性活动与3-5天的自然世界冒险联系起来，为露营者提供他们可以克服的真正挑战。)”以及“YMCA Camp Widjiwagan”部分中的“YMCA camps allow teens to take adventures in the finest wilderness areas throughout North America.(YMCA允许青少年在北美最好的荒野地区冒险。)”可知，这两个营地都是处于自然环境之中。故选C。 B Teri Russo, who provided food, shelter and clothing for people with Down Syndrome(唐氏综合征), died on April 8. She believed that children with Down Syndrome were often treated badly and neglected based on what they look like. Ms. Russo devoted her life to disabled, abandoned children. Her motto was to live life to the fullest with love in your heart and a smile on your face and remember never to hurt anyone. Born in Rosebank, Ms. Russo was the eldest child of Dorothy and Louis Russo, who moved to Grasmere during the early 1950s. Educated at St. John Villa Academy, Ms. Russo then joined the U. S. Navy and went to California where she worked for children with Down Syndrome as a nurse. It was at that time that she first met children with Down Syndrome. She tried to convince the parents that their children had greater possibilities than anyone had ever believed. In 1972, she started the Down Syndrome Learning Center in Tottenville, but later, because of a lack of funding, she moved the school to her home. The program included kindergarten and graded elementary classes, as well as reading classes, a wood shop, day trips and a sleep away camp. She was a committee member at Community Health Action. Throughout the years, she applied to city and state officials for better programs for Down Syndrome children. Her goal was to bring healthcare services to those with disabilities and to educate the public about their abilities. She was named an Advanced Woman of Achievements of the Year in 1988 for her achievements, support and selfless devotion. 14. What made children with Down Syndrome neglected according to Teri Russo? A. Their abilities. B. Their movements. C. Their languages. D. Their appearances. 15. Where did Ms. Russo first get to know the children with Down Syndrome? A. In Rosebank. B. In Grasmere. C. In California. D. In Tottenville. 16. What did Ms. Russo need most to run the Down Syndrome Learning Center? A. Classrooms. B. Money. C. Teachers. D. Facilities. 17. What is the main idea of the text? A. Teri Russo devoted her life to fighting for disabled children. B. An energetic nurse tried her best to explore Down Syndrome. C. Ms. Russo successfully started programs to help disabled students. D. Kids with Down Syndrome need more attention from their parents. 【答案】14. D 15. C 16. B 17. A 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇记叙文，文章主要介绍了致力于帮助唐氏综合征儿童的女士Teri Russo。 【14题详解】 细节理解题。根据第一段中的“She believed that children with Down Syndrome were often treated badly and neglected based on what they look like.(她认为，患有唐氏综合症的儿童经常因为他们的长相而受到虐待和忽视。)”可知，患有唐氏综合症的孩子最易被忽视源于其外表长相。故选D项。 【15题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Educated at St. John Villa Academy, Ms. Russo then joined the U. S. Navy and went to California where she worked for children with Down Syndrome as a nurse. It was at that time that she first met children with Down Syndrome.(在圣约翰维拉学院（St. John Villa Academy）接受教育后，鲁索加入了美国海军，并前往加利福尼亚，在那里她作为一名护士为患有唐氏综合症的儿童工作。就在那时，她第一次见到了患有唐氏综合症的孩子。)”可知，Ms. Russo在California第一次接触到患有唐氏综合征的孩子。故选C项。 【16题详解】 推理判断题。根据文章第三段中的“In 1972, she started the Down Syndrome Learning Center in Tottenville, but later, because of a lack of funding, she moved the school to her home.( 1972年，她在托滕维尔创办了唐氏综合症学习中心，但后来，由于缺乏资金，她把学校搬到了家里。)”可知，因为缺乏资金，Ms. Russo把学习中心搬到了自己家，因此推断要继续经营这个学习中心，她最需要的是钱。故选B项。 17题详解】 主旨大意题。通读全文以及第一段中的“Ms. Russo devoted her life to disabled, abandoned children. Her motto was to live life to the fullest with love in your heart and a smile on your face and remember never to hurt anyone.(鲁索女士将自己的一生都奉献给了被遗弃的残疾儿童。她的座右铭是活得充实，心中充满爱，脸上带着微笑，记住永远不要伤害任何人。)”可推断，全文主要讲述了Ms. Russo为了帮助唐氏综合征儿童而筹集资金，设立学习中心，向人们宣传有关唐氏综合征的知识的经历，并介绍了她在这方面取得的成就，A项“泰瑞·罗素一生致力于为残疾儿童而奋斗。”能够概括此主旨。故选A项。 C A few years ago, you went on a vacation with friends, creating lasting memories — walking along the beach, swimming in the sea, and enjoying breathtaking sunsets. However, the trip wasn’t all smooth sailing: long drives, food issues, and unpredictable weather. Yet, over time, you tend to remember the beautiful moments while the inconveniences fade. This is known as rosy retrospection, a cognitive bias (认知偏见) where people recall past experiences more positively than they felt during the actual event. The phenomenon can be understood as the complex interaction of cognitive mechanisms that shape our memory processes. When recalling memories, our brains tend to focus on positive details and downplay negative aspects, which helps maintain emotional well-being. Nostalgia (怀旧) also plays a significant role, as it arouses feelings of warmth and belonging, leading us to view the past more positively. Additionally, our current emotional state and self-enhancement bias can influence how we remember past events, making them seem more favorable. While some individuals who focus more on negative experiences may be at a higher risk of mood disorders such as depression, rosy retrospection can elevate our moods, increase life satisfaction, and even help us cope with difficult present circumstances by providing a sense of continuity and positive self-identity (自我认同). However, rosy retrospection occasionally creates an unrealistic view of the past, which can lead people to make decisions that are not based on reality but rather on their idealized memories. It’s one of the reasons why we might repeatedly return to unhealthy relationships. The longer the time that has passed since the event, the more likely we are to let the good memories outweigh the bad memories and perhaps even forgive unforgivable behavior. Understanding and acknowledging this cognitive bias can be crucial for making accurate and beneficial decisions. 18. How do people with rosy retrospection typically behave? A. They forget negative moments easily. B. They recall breathtaking details repeatedly. C. They remember adventurous trips more clearly. D. They view previous experiences more positively. 19. What is paragraph 2 mainly about? A. The meaning of rosy retrospection. B. The reasons for rosy retrospection. C. The role of nostalgia in shaping memories. D. The methods of maintaining emotional well-being. 20. What does the underlined word “elevate” in paragraph 3 probably mean? A. Promote. B. Expose. C. Assess. D. Ignore. 21. What is a potential negative effect of rosy retrospection? A. It gives rise to incorrect judgments. B. It leads to a constant state of depression. C. It makes people miss out on opportunities. D. It causes people to be unwilling to face reality. 【答案】18. D 19. B 20. A 21. A 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文，主要介绍了“玫瑰色回忆效应”这一认知偏见现象，即人们会以更积极的态度回忆过去的经历，同时分析了其产生的原因、带来的积极影响以及可能存在的消极影响。 【18题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章第一段“This is known as rosy retrospection, a cognitive bias (认知偏见) where people recall past experiences more positively than they felt during the actual event.(这被称为玫瑰色回忆效应，是一种认知偏见，在这种情况下，人们回忆过去的经历时比实际经历时更加积极)”可知，产生玫瑰色回忆效应的人通常会更积极地看待以前的经历，故选D项。 【19题详解】 主旨大意题。根据第二段“The phenomenon can be understood as the complex interaction of cognitive mechanisms that shape our memory processes.(这种现象可以被理解为塑造我们记忆过程认知机制的复杂相互作用)”、“When recalling memories, our brains tend to focus on positive details and downplay negative aspects, which helps maintain emotional well-being. Nostalgia (怀旧) also plays a significant role, as it arouses feelings of warmth and belonging, leading us to view the past more positively.( 回忆往事时，大脑往往会聚焦于积极细节，淡化负面因素，这有助于保持情绪健康。怀旧情绪也发挥着重要作用，因为它能激发温暖感和归属感，使我们对过去的看法更加积极)”以及“Additionally, our current emotional state and self-enhancement bias can influence how we remember past events, making them seem more favorable.(此外，我们当前的情绪状态和自我增强偏见会影响我们回忆过去事件的方式，使它们看起来更加有利)”可知，该段开篇点明这种现象（玫瑰色回忆效应）可理解为塑造我们记忆过程的认知机制的复杂相互作用。接着后文分别从大脑在回忆时的倾向、怀旧的作用以及当前情绪状态和自我提升偏见等方面进行阐述，解释了玫瑰色回忆效应产生的原因。所以第二段主要讲的是玫瑰色回忆效应的原因，故选B项。 【20题详解】 词句猜测题。根据第三段“While some individuals who focus more on negative experiences may be at a higher risk of mood disorders such as depression, rosy retrospection can elevate our moods, increase life satisfaction, and even help us cope with difficult present circumstances by providing a sense of continuity and positive self-identity (自我认同)( 虽然一些更多关注负面经历的人可能患抑郁等情绪障碍的风险更高，但玫瑰色回忆效应可以elevate我们的情绪，提高生活满意度，甚至通过提供一种连续性和积极的自我认同感来帮助我们应对当前的困难处境)”可知，前半句提到那些更多关注负面经历的人患情绪障碍（如抑郁）的风险更高，while表示对比转折，可推理出后半句玫瑰色回忆效应应该是能带来积极的影响，“elevate our moods”与“increase life satisfaction(提高生活满意度)”并列，可推测“elevate”意思是“提升、促进”，与“Promote(促进)”意思相近，故选A项。 【21题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章最后一段“However, rosy retrospection occasionally creates an unrealistic view of the past, which can lead people to make decisions that are not based on reality but rather on their idealized memories.(然而，玫瑰色回忆效应偶尔会对过去产生不切实际的看法，这可能会导致人们做出的决定不是基于现实，而是基于他们理想化的记忆)”可知，玫瑰色回忆效应的一个潜在负面影响是它会导致不正确的判断，故选A项。 D Wearing noise-cancelling headphones (降噪耳机) to block out distractions has become increasingly common, especially among young people. However, recent studies suggest that the widespread use of these headphones has led to a significant rise in hearing issues. Upon further investigation, it was revealed that the problem is not actually related to the ears but rather results from the brain. This condition, known as Auditory Processing Disorder (APD), occurs when the brain has difficulty in processing sounds or words, distinguishing them from background noise, which makes it difficult for individuals to engage in conversations in social situations or clearly hear instructions at work or school. While APD has historically been linked to childhood brain injury, ear infections, or genetic factors, experts now suggest that the rise in noise-cancelling headphones may be contributing to the condition. Although noise-cancelling headphones can be useful in protecting people from loud noises, experts believe they may untrain the brain’s ability to naturally block out background noise. Claire Benton from the British Academy of Audiology explained that by blocking everyday sounds like train noise or traffic, the brain might “forget” how to filter out distractions. It’s similar to relying too often on a crutch (拐杖) — just as leg muscles weaken from lack of use, constant use of noise-cancelling headphones may create an artificial environment, where the brain no longer practices filtering out distractions, making it harder to function naturally. “Those complex, high-level listening skills in your brain don’t fully develop until your late teens. If you have only been wearing noise-cancelling headphones during this crucial period, you may be slightly delaying your ability to process speech and noise,” explained Claire Benton. “Therefore, using them in moderation and occasionally exposing yourself to natural environments can help maintain the brain’s auditory processing abilities. The key lies in balance — protecting your hearing from harmful noises while still giving your brain opportunities to exercise its natural filtering abilities.” 22. What do recent studies find about noise-cancelling headphones? A. They are popular among young people. B. They can lead to serious hearing damage. C. They are more harmful than regular headphones. D. They can weaken the brain’s ability to process sound. 23. How do people with APD typically behave? A. They become intolerant of loud noises. B. They constantly hear sounds in their ears. C. They get easily distracted by background noises. D. They struggle to distinguish sounds in noisy environments. 24. Why does the author mention “crutch” in paragraph 3? A. To stress the risks of overusing noise-cancelling headphones. B. To show the necessity of blocking out loud noises in daily life. C. To state the reasons for inventing noise-cancelling headphones. D. To explain the working principle of noise-cancelling headphones. 25. What does Claire Benton want to tell us in the last paragraph? A. High-level listening skills are crucial for personal growth. B. Noise-cancelling headphones bring long-lasting threat to people. C. We should avoid relying too much on noise-cancelling headphones. D. Natural background noise has a negative impact on brain development. 【答案】22. D 23. D 24. A 25. C 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要讲述了降噪耳机在年轻人中越来越普遍，但近期研究表明其广泛使用导致了听力问题的显著增加，且问题根源在于大脑，可能引发听觉处理障碍（APD）。 【22题详解】 细节理解题。根据第一段 “However, recent studies suggest that the widespread use of these headphones has led to a significant rise in hearing issues. Upon further investigation, it was revealed that the problem is not actually related to the ears but rather results from the brain.(然而，最近的研究表明，这些耳机的广泛使用导致了听力问题的显著增加。进一步调查发现，问题实际上与耳朵无关，而是由大脑导致的)”以及第三段 “experts believe they may untrain the brain’s ability to naturally block out background noise.(专家认为，它们可能会削弱大脑自然屏蔽背景噪音的能力)”可知，降噪耳机可能会削弱大脑处理声音的能力。故选D。 【23题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段“This condition, known as Auditory Processing Disorder (APD), occurs when the brain has difficulty in processing sounds or words, distinguishing them from background noise, which makes it difficult for individuals to engage in conversations in social situations or clearly hear instructions at work or school.(这种情况被称为听觉处理障碍（APD），当大脑在处理声音或单词时遇到困难，难以将它们与背景噪音区分开来时就会发生，这使得个人在社交场合中难以进行对话，或者在工作或学校中难以清晰地听到指令)”可知，患有APD的人在嘈杂环境中很难区分声音。故选D。 【24题详解】 推理判断题。根据第三段 “Claire Benton from the British Academy of Audiology explained that by blocking everyday sounds like train noise or traffic, the brain might “forget” how to filter out distractions. It’s similar to relying too often on a crutch (拐杖) — just as leg muscles weaken from lack of use, constant use of noise-cancelling headphones may create an artificial environment, where the brain no longer practices filtering out distractions, making it harder to function naturally.(英国听力学学会的克莱尔・本顿解释说，通过屏蔽火车噪音或交通等日常声音，大脑可能会 “忘记” 如何过滤掉干扰。这就类似于过度依赖拐杖——就像腿部肌肉因缺乏使用而变弱一样，持续使用降噪耳机可能会创造一个人为的环境，在这个环境中，大脑不再练习过滤干扰，使其更难自然地发挥功能)”可推知，通过类比“拐杖”说明过度依赖降噪耳机会使大脑失去自然过滤噪音的能力，强调过度使用降噪耳机的风险。故选A。 【25题详解】 推理判断题。根据最后一段 “Therefore, using them in moderation and occasionally exposing yourself to natural environments can help maintain the brain’s auditory processing abilities. The key lies in balance — protecting your hearing from harmful noises while still giving your brain opportunities to exercise its natural filtering abilities.(因此，适度使用它们并偶尔让自己暴露在自然环境中有助于保持大脑的听觉处理能力。关键在于平衡——在保护听力免受有害噪音影响的同时，仍然让大脑有机会锻炼其自然过滤能力)”可推知，克莱尔・本顿想告诉我们应该避免过度依赖降噪耳机。故选C。 第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分） 阅读下面短文，从选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 Despite the importance of sleep to physical and mental well-being, you may find it challenging to get enough quality sleep each night. ____26____. By getting to know them, you can take action to make it easier for you to fall asleep, stay asleep, and wake up feeling well-rested. Usually, physical pain can affect sleep quality by making it hard for you to fall asleep or causing you to wake up in the middle of the night. ____27____ Getting a mattress (床垫) with ideal support for the back and pressure-relieving materials helps prevent pain from appearing or worsening. Also, make sure you are sleeping on a pillow that keeps your neck and back in the correct position. ____28____. And they can create a cyclical (循环的) problem because as you lose sleep, your stress level increases. So, if you are experiencing sleep-preventing stress, you can use helpful ways, like receiving professional treatment, to manage your pressure. Light affects sleep quality by influencing the circadian thythem (昼夜节律) , the body’s internal clock which controls when you feel tired or when to wake up. By using the right methods, you can reduce the negative effects of light on your sleep. ____29____ Food can also influence sleep quality by causing discomfort. Certain foods may cause an upset stomach at nighttime, including pizza, potato chips, cheese, chocolate, etc. ____30____. They include whole grains, vegetables, and watery foods. Moreover, eating too much before bed can make you feel uncomfortable. Therefore, you should be mindful of what you eat and how much you eat before bed. A. Back pain and neck pain are common discomforts. B. Keep a balanced diet and a dark sleep environment. C. In fact, sleep quality is influenced by various factors. D. However, there are other foods that can help ease discomfort. E. The effects of poor sleep quality can be felt in all areas of your life. F. Besides, troubling thoughts can stop you from getting quality sleep. G. For example, you can turn off the electronics before bed and wear an eye mask. 【答案】26. C 27. A 28. F 29. G 30. D 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了影响睡眠的因素以及获得高质量睡眠的建议。 【26题详解】 根据上文“Despite the importance of sleep to physical and mental well-being, you may find it challenging to get enough quality sleep each night.(尽管睡眠对身体和精神健康都很重要，但你可能会发现每晚获得足够高质量的睡眠是一项挑战)”以及后文“By getting to know them, you can take action to make it easier for you to fall asleep, stay asleep, and wake up feeling well-rested.(通过了解他们，你可以采取行动，让你更容易入睡，保持睡眠，醒来时感觉休息得很好)”可知，上文提到了高质量睡眠是一项挑战，后文提到了要了解某种事物，可知本句是在具体说明。故C选项“事实上，睡眠质量受到多种因素的影响”符合语境，故选C。 【27题详解】 根据上文“Usually, physical pain can affect sleep quality by making it hard for you to fall asleep or causing you to wake up in the middle of the night.(通常，身体疼痛会影响睡眠质量，使你难以入睡或导致你在半夜醒来)”可知，本句承接上文具体说明身体的疼痛部位。故A选项“背部疼痛和颈部疼痛是常见的不适”符合语境，故选A。 【28题详解】 根据后文“And they can create a cyclical (循环的) problem because as you lose sleep, your stress level increases. So, if you are experiencing sleep-preventing stress, you can use helpful ways, like receiving professional treatment, to manage your pressure.(它们会造成周期性的问题，因为当你失去睡眠时，你的压力水平会增加。所以，如果你正经历着妨碍睡眠的压力，你可以用一些有用的方法，比如接受专业治疗，来控制你的压力)”可知，本段的主旨是压力导致睡眠问题，即与人们的想法有关，故F选项“此外，烦恼的想法会让你无法获得高质量的睡眠”符合语境，故选F。 【29题详解】 根据上文“Light affects sleep quality by influencing the circadian thythem (昼夜节律) , the body’s internal clock which controls when you feel tired or when to wake up. By using the right methods, you can reduce the negative effects of light on your sleep.(光线通过影响昼夜节律来影响睡眠质量，昼夜节律是人体的内部时钟，控制着你什么时候感到疲倦或什么时候醒来。通过使用正确的方法，你可以减少光线对睡眠的负面影响)”可知，本句承接上文，说明减少光线对睡眠的正确方法。故G选项“例如，你可以在睡觉前关掉电子设备，戴上眼罩”符合语境，故选G。 【30题详解】 根据上文“Food can also influence sleep quality by causing discomfort. Certain foods may cause an upset stomach at nighttime, including pizza, potato chips, cheese, chocolate, etc.(食物也会引起不适，从而影响睡眠质量。某些食物可能会在夜间引起胃部不适，包括披萨、薯片、奶酪、巧克力等)”以及后文“They include whole grains, vegetables, and watery foods. Moreover, eating too much before bed can make you feel uncomfortable. Therefore, you should be mindful of what you eat and how much you eat before bed.(它们包括全谷物、蔬菜和含水的食物。此外，睡前吃太多会让你感觉不舒服。因此，你应该注意你吃了什么，睡前吃了多少)”可知，本句与上文构成转折，指出可以缓解不适，帮助睡眠的食物。故D选项“然而，还有其他食物可以帮助缓解不适”符合语境，故选D。 第三部分 语言运用（共四节，满分45分） 第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。 After bringing up three children, Barthorpe decided to do something for herself. She planned to ____31____ herself by learning to ride a motorcycle at the age of 60. After passing her driving test, she soon ____32____ on her first solo (单独的) ride. She remembered the ____33____ of being on the road alone for the first time. Although Barthorpe preferred riding solo, she contacted the Women’s International Motorcycle Association (WIMA) in the hope of ____34____ it. It was the connection with the WIMA that led her to a(n) ____35____ — the Women Riders World Relay. The plan was to pass a baton (接力棒), rider to rider, all around the world. That was a test of the riders’ courage and ____36____. But just after Barthorpe took on the role, she ____37____ fell down and got injured. She spent several months in hospital. However, Barthorpe didn’t see it as a ____38____ experience. She knew that she must pay much attention to ____39____ first. Getting on a motoreycle again was ______40______, but Barthorpe took extra training and ______41______ a lot. And she pushed herself to take part in the race in Australia. Barthorpe then realized that it was normal to ______42______ and rise to it, which offered an opportunity to grow. What attracts Barthorpe most to a motorcycle is the ______43______. “I can go anywhere I want and any time I like,” she said. “The kids said to me, ‘Mum, you seem to have turned into a ______44______ teenager.’ I just told them, ‘No, I’ve just found the field where I can see my ______45______.’” 31. A. protect B. express C. challenge D. educate 32. A. set out B. caught up C. calmed down D. showed off 33. A. duty B. excitement C. risk D. struggle 34. A. interviewing B. encouraging C. impressing D. joining 35. A. lesson B. record C. adventure D. experiment 36. A. teamwork B. friendship C. understanding D. memory 37. A. slowly B. strangely C. purposely D. accidentally 38. A. discouraging B. common C. practical D. pleasant 39. A. honor B. safety C. experience D. interest 40. A. doubtful B. peaceful C. stressful D. meaningful 41. A. lost B. expected C. noticed D. improved 42. A. fail B. recover C. wait D. reply 43. A. performance B. competition C. freedom D. independence 44. A. careful B. friendly C. serious D. brave 45. A. choice B. value C. habit D. effort 【答案】31. C 32. A 33. B 34. D 35. C 36. A 37. D 38. A 39. B 40. C 41. D 42. A 43. C 44. D 45. B 【解析】 【导语】本文为一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了Jill Barthorpe在60岁时学习骑摩托车、加入国际女性摩托车协会以及参加世界女骑手接力赛的经历。 【31题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：她计划在60岁时学习骑摩托车来挑战自己。A. protect保护；B. express表达；C. challenge挑战；D. educate教育。根据下文“by learning to ride a motorcycle at the age of 60”以及常理可知，60岁时学习骑摩托车是对自己的挑战。故选C。 【32题详解】 考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：通过驾驶考试后，她很快就开始了她的第一次单人驾驶。A. set out出发；B. caught up追赶；C. calmed down冷静；D. showed off炫耀。根据空前“After passing her driving test”以及空后的“her first solo (单独的) ride”可知，通过驾驶考试后，她开始了第一次单人驾驶。故选A。 【33题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：她还记得第一次独自上路时的兴奋。A. duty职责；B. excitement兴奋；C. risk风险；D. struggle奋斗。根据上文“After bringing up three children, Barthorpe decided to do something for herself. She planned to____1____herself by learning to ride a motorcycle at the age of 60.”可推测，骑摩托车是她一直想做的事情；由此可推测，第一次独自上路时，她应该是感到兴奋。故选B。 【34题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：尽管Barthorpe更喜欢独自骑行，但她还是联系了国际女子摩托车协会(WIMA)，希望加入该协会。A. interviewing采访、面试；B. encouraging鼓励；C. impressing使……印象深刻；D. joining加入。根据上文“she contacted the Women’s International Motorcycle Association (WIMA)”以及下文她得到的任务可知，她是希望加入该协会。故选D。 【35题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：正是与WIMA的联系，让她开始了一场冒险——女骑手世界接力赛。A. lesson课程、教训；B. record记录；C. adventure冒险、探险；D. experiment实验。根据下文“The plan was to pass a baton (接力棒), rider to rider, all around the world. That was a test of the riders’ courage and____6____.”可知，这对于她这个新手而言是一场冒险。故选C。 【36题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：这是对骑手们的勇气和团队精神的考验。A. teamwork合作；B. friendship友谊；C. understanding理解；D. memory记忆。根据上文“The plan was to pass a baton (接力棒), rider to rider, all around the world.”可知，这项任务需要一棒棒传递下去，所以是对团队合作的考验。故选A。 【37题详解】 考查副词词义辨析。句意：就在Barthorpe接下这个角色后，她意外摔倒受伤了。A. slowly缓慢地；B. strangely奇怪地；C. purposely故意地；D. accidentally意外地。根据空后“fell down and got injured”以及她康复后继续参加可知，她是意外摔倒受伤的。故选D。 【38题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：然而，Barthorpe并不认为这是一次令人沮丧的经历。A. discouraging令人沮丧的；B. common普通的；C. practical实用的；D. pleasant舒适的。根据常理可知，此时摔倒受伤是令人沮丧的；而根据段首“However”以及下文她的感触可知，她并不认为这件事令人沮丧。故选A。 【39题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：她知道她必须把安全放在第一位。A. honor荣耀；B. safety安全；C. experience经历、经验；D. interest兴趣。根据上文“But just after Barthorpe took on the role, she____7____ fell down and got injured.”可知，刚接手任务不久，她就受伤了，所以她由此应该开始重视安全。故选B。 【40题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：再次骑上摩托车是一件压力很大的事情，但Barthorpe接受了额外的训练，进步了很多。A. doubtful怀疑的；B. peaceful平和的；C. stressful有压力的；D. meaningful有意义的。根据上文可知，她不小心受伤了，由此可知，当她恢复后，再次骑摩托车从心理上来说是有压力的。故选C。 【41题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：再次骑上摩托车是一件压力很大的事情，但Barthorpe接受了额外的训练，进步了很多。A. lost失去；B. expected期待；C. noticed注意；D. improved提升。根据上文“Barthorpe took extra training”可知，得到训练后，她应该是进步了很多。故选D。 【42题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：Barthorpe后来意识到，失败是正常的，并勇于面对失败，这提供了一个成长的机会。A. fail失败；B. recover恢复；C. wait等待；D. reply回复。根据上文内容以及空后的“rise to it, which offered an opportunity to grow”可知，Barthorpe意识到失败是很正常的，因为失败可以让我们成长。故选A。 【43题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：最吸引Barthorpe的是摩托车的自由。A. performance表现；B. competition竞争；C. freedom自由；D. independence独立。根据下文“I can go anywhere I want and any time I like”可知，对她而言，骑摩托车是自由的，可以随时去自己想去的地方。故选C。 44题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：“孩子们对我说，‘妈妈，你似乎变成了一个勇敢的少女。’我只是告诉他们，‘不，我只是找到了一个能让我看到自己价值的领域。’”A. careful仔细的、谨慎的；B. friendly友好的；C. serious严重的；D. brave勇敢的。根据全文内容以及空后的“teenager”可知，60岁时Barthorpe学习骑摩托车，之后参加比赛，孩子们是认为妈妈似乎变成了一个勇敢的少女。故选D。 【45题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：“孩子们对我说，‘妈妈，你似乎变成了一个勇敢的少年。’我只是告诉他们，‘不，我只是找到了一个能让我看到自己价值的领域。’”A. choice选择；B. value价值；C. habit习惯；D. effort努力。根据上文“After bringing up three children, Barthorpe decided to do something for herself.”以及全文内容可知，Barthorpe认为骑摩托车可以看到自己的价值所在。故选B。 第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 The Chinese seal (印章) is most ____46____ (common) made of stone, but can also be made of plastic, ivory, or metal. Seals ____47____ (be) a part of Chinese culture for thousands of years. The earliest known seals date ____48____ the Shang Dynasty. Seals became widely used during the Warring States period ____49____ they were used for signing documents. By the time of the Han Dynasty, the seal was an essential part of Chinese culture. During the history of the Chinese seal, Chinese characters have evolved (深化). Some of the ____50____ (change) made to characters over the centuries have been related to the practice of carving seals. For example, during the Qin Dynasty, Chinese characters had a round shape. The need ____51____ (carve) them on a square seal led to the characters ____52____ (they) taking on a square and even shape. Chinese seals are used for many kinds of ____53____ (office) documents. There are also seals for less formal uses. And seals are also created by the artists for their artworks, ____54____ (add) a further artistic dimension to their paintings or calligraphic scrolls. Artists in particular often design and carve their own seals which are used on their artworks. However, anyone having _____55_____ passion for art may enjoy creating their own seal. 【答案】46. commonly 47. have been 48. from 49. when 50. changes 51. to carve 52. themselves 53. official 54. adding 55. a 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。本文主要介绍了中国印章的历史、材质、用途以及与中国字符演变的关联。 【46题详解】 考查副词。句意：中国的印章通常由石头制成，但也可以由塑料、象牙或金属制成。修饰动词短语be made of，需用副词commonly，作状语。故填commonly。 【47题详解】 考查动词时态和主谓一致。句意：几千年来，印章一直是中国文化的一部分。根据时间状语“for thousands of years”可知，句子使用现在完成时，主语为seals，助动词用have。故填have been。 【48题详解】 考查介词。句意：已知最早的印章可以追溯到商朝。date from为固定搭配，意为“追溯到”。故填from。 【49题详解】 考查定语从句。句意：战国时期，印章被广泛用于签署文件。空处引导定语从句，修饰先行词the Warring States period，关系词在定语从句中作时间状语，需用关系副词when引导。故填when。 【50题详解】 考查名词。句意：几个世纪以来，汉字的一些变化与篆刻有关。Some of修饰可数名词复数形式，空处需填名词changes。故填changes。 【51题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：由于需要将它们刻在方形印章上，汉字本身就呈现出方形和均匀的形状。修饰名词need，需用动词不定式to carve，作定语。故填to carve。 【52题详解】 考查代词。句意同上。空处作the characters的同位语，需用反身代词themselves。故填themselves。 【53题详解】 考查形容词。句意：中国印章用于许多官方文件。修饰名词documents需用形容词official，作定语。故填official。 【54题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：印章也是艺术家为他们的作品创作的，为他们的绘画或书法卷轴增添了进一步的艺术维度。空处需填非谓语动词作状语，seals和add为逻辑主谓关系，需用现在分词形式。故填adding。 【55题详解】 考查冠词。句意：然而，任何对艺术有热情的人都可能喜欢创造自己的印章。have a passion for为固定搭配，意为“热爱，酷爱”。故填a。 第三节（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分） 单词拼写 根据首字母及汉语提示或用所给单词的正确形式填空。 56. The new policy has proven to be highly b______(有益的) to local businesses, leading to increased growth. (根据中英文提示单词拼写) 【答案】beneficial##eneficial 【解析】 【详解】考查形容词。句意：新政策已被证明对当地企业非常有益，促进了增长。根据首字母和中文提示可知，以字母 b 开头且表示“有益的”含义的形容词为 beneficial，be beneficial to含义为“对……有益”，是固定短语。故填beneficial。 57. During the conference, she spoke p______ (尤其) about the environmental impact of single-use plastics. (根据中英文提示单词拼写) 【答案】particularly##articularly 【解析】 【详解】考查副词。句意：在会议期间，她特别谈到了一次性塑料对环境的影响。根据首字母和中文提示可知，以字母 p 开头且表示“尤其”含义的副词为particularly，在句中作状语，修饰动词spoke。故填particularly。 58. U______(扰乱) the carefully planned schedule at the last minute caused widespread chaos among the event organizers and participants. (根据中英文提示单词拼写) 【答案】Upsetting##psetting 【解析】 【详解】考查动名词。句意：在最后一刻扰乱精心计划的日程安排，在活动组织者和参与者中引起了广泛的混乱。根据首字母和中文提示可知，以字母 U 开头且表示“扰乱”含义的单词为 upset，空白处作句子的主语，应用动名词形式，且位于句首，首字母需大写。故填Upsetting。 59. After successfully solving the complex math problem, she felt a deep sense of a______ (成就). (根据中英文提示单词拼写) 【答案】achievement##chievement 【解析】 【详解】考查名词。句意：成功解决这道复杂的数学题后，她感到一种深深的成就感。根据汉语提示“成就”和首字母a可知，此处为名词achievement，作介词of的宾语，a sense of achievement表示“成就感”。故填achievement。 60. The foundation’s g______(慷慨) in funding the scholarship program enabled hundreds of students to pursue higher education. (根据中英文提示单词拼写) 【答案】generosity##enerosity 【解析】 【详解】考查名词。句意：基金会在资助奖学金项目上的慷慨使数百名学生能够追求高等教育。根据首字母和中文提示可知，以字母 g 开头且表示“慷慨”含义的名词为generosity，此处用其作句子的主语。故填generosity。 61. It has become increasingly e______ (明显的) that environmental problems are becoming increasingly severe. (根据中英文提示单词拼写) 【答案】evident##vident 【解析】 【详解】考查形容词。句意：环境问题日益严重，这一点已变得越来越明显。根据汉语提示“明显的”和首字母e可知，此处为形容词evident， 在句中作表语。故填evident。 62. Maintaining an e______ (有活力的) lifestyle through regular exercise significantly reduces the risk of chronic diseases. (根据中英文提示单词拼写) 【答案】energetic##nergetic 【解析】 【详解】考查形容词。句意：通过定期锻炼保持充满活力的生活方式能显著降低患慢性病的风险。根据首字母和中文提示可知，以字母e开头且表示“有活力的”含义的形容词为energetic，在句中作定语，修饰名词lifestyle。故填energetic。 63. Over the past decade, we have missed several crucial o______ (机会) to expand our market due to various reasons. (根据中英文提示单词拼写) 【答案】opportunities##pportunities 【解析】 【详解】考查名词。句意：在过去的十年里，由于各种原因，我们错过了几次扩大市场的关键机会。根据汉语提示“机会”和首字母o可知，此处为名词opportunity，为可数名词，由several修饰应用复数形式，作missed的宾语。故填opportunities。 64. The new medicine offers immediate r______ (轻松) from pain, providing patients with comfort and improved quality of life. (根据中英文提示单词拼写) 【答案】relief##elief 【解析】 【详解】考查名词。句意：这种新药能立即缓解疼痛，为患者提供舒适感并改善生活质量。根据汉语提示和首字母可知，此处为名词relief，作宾语，为不可数名词。故填relief。 65 The research lab’s inability to purchase advanced e______（设备) has made it unable to operate normally. (根据中英文提示单词拼写) 【答案】equipment##quipment 【解析】 【详解】考查名词。句意：研究实验室无法购买先进的设备，这使其无法正常运转。根据首字母和中文提示可知，以字母 e 开头且表示“设备”含义的表达为equipment，它是不可数名词，在这里作purchase的宾语。故填equipment。 第四节（共5小题；每小题1分，满分5分） 短语选择 根据句意，从所给词组中挑选合适的一项并用其正确形式完成句子，其中有两个选项为多余选项。 keep track of now that in addition (to) (be) absorbed in get through set up join…to… 66. She walked along the quiet street, ______ her thoughts, completely unaware of the world around her. 67. With so many papers to ______ before the deadline, they divided the work among the team. 68. The island ______ the mainland by a bridge is a popular tourist destination. 69. ______ his regular job, he volunteers at a local charity on weekends. 70. ______a Wi-Fi network at home is easier than you think. 【答案】66. absorbed in 67. get through 68. joined to 69. In addition to 70. Setting up 【解析】 【66题详解】 考查动词短语。句意：她沿着安静的街道走着，沉浸在自己的思绪中，完全没有意识到周围的世界。根据“completely unaware of the world around her(完全没有意识到周围的世界)”可知下文说的是完全没有意识到周围的世界，可推理出她沉浸在自己的思绪中，所以选择“(be) absorbed in(沉浸于，专注于)”。句子已有谓语动词walked，此处应用非谓语动词作伴随状语，逻辑主语She和absorb之间是逻辑上的动宾关系，所以用过去分词短语absorbed in。故填absorbed in。 【67题详解】 考查动词短语。句意：在截止日期前有这么多文件要处理，他们把工作分配给了团队成员。根据 “With so many papers(有这么多文件)”以及“they divided the work among the team(他们把工作分配给了团队成员)”可知，此处表达有很多文件要处理，应选择“get through(完成，处理)”。因为空前有不定式符号to，所以此处用动词原形。故填get through。 【68题详解】 考查动词短语。句意：通过一座桥与大陆相连的这个岛屿是一个受欢迎的旅游目的地。根据“by a bridge(通过一座桥)”以及“the mainland(大陆)”可知，此处表达岛屿和大陆通过桥相连，应选择“join…to…(把……连接到……)”，空白处应用非谓语动词作后置定语修饰The island，The island和join之间是逻辑上的动宾关系，用过去分词joined to。故填joined to。 【69题详解】 考查介词短语。句意：除了他的日常工作外，他周末还在当地一家慈善机构做志愿者。根据“he volunteers at a local charity on weekends(他周末还在当地一家慈善机构做志愿者)”可知，除了日常工作之外，他周末还做志愿者，应选择“in addition (to)(除……之外)”，句首单词首字母大写。故填In addition to。 【70题详解】 考查动词短语。句意：在家里建立一个无线网络比你想象的要容易。根据“a Wi-Fi network(一个无线网络)”可知，此处表达建立无线网络，应选择“set up(建立)”。句子缺少主语，此处应用动名词作主语，所以用setting up，句首单词首字母大写。故填Setting up。 第四部分 应用文写作（满分15分） 71. 假定你是李华，你们学校计划本周三举行一次主题为“青少年安全上网”的英语演讲比赛。请根据下面的要点写一篇演讲稿。 内容包括： 1．安全上网的重要性；2．青少年安全上网的建议。 注意：1．词数80左右；2．可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。 ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】 Good morning, everyone, Today, I want to address an increasingly important topic: online safety for teenagers. The Internet presents countless opportunities for learning and connection, but it also brings risks. Protecting ourselves online is not just a choice; it’s a necessity in the digital world. Here are some essential tips for staying safe online. First, make sure to create strong passwords and update them regularly. Second, be mindful of the personal information you share on social media platforms. Lastly, always think twice before clicking on links or downloading files from unfamiliar sources. By following these guidelines, we can enjoy the benefits of the Internet while protecting ourselves from possible dangers. Thank you for listening. 【解析】 【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生写一篇演讲稿，介绍安全上网的重要性，并就青少年安全上网给出建议，参加学校计划本周三举行的主题为“青少年安全上网”的英语演讲比赛。 【详解】1.词汇积累 处理，应对：address → handle 重要的：important → significant 机会：opportunity → chance 选择：choice → option 2.句式拓展 简单句变复合句 原句：The Internet presents countless opportunities for learning and connection, but it also brings risks. 拓展句：Though the Internet presents countless opportunities for learning and connection, it also brings risks. 【点睛】【高分句型1】Second, be mindful of the personal information you share on social media platforms.(运用了省略that引导的定语从句) 【高分句型2】By following these guidelines, we can enjoy the benefits of the Internet while protecting ourselves from possible dangers.(运用了省略while引导状语从句的省略) 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$