U4 Section A(Grammar Focus 3c)　语法专讲（作业课件）-原创新课堂2023-2024学年七年级英语下册（人教版）广东

Section A(Grammar Focus­3c)　语法专讲 英语 七年级下册 人教版 原创新课堂 ►祈使句 1．祈使句的定义 用于表达命令、请求、劝告、警告、禁止等的句子叫作祈使句。祈使句最常用于表达命令。祈使句因对象(即主语)是第二人称，所以通常都省略主语。祈使句的开头动词都为原形，句末则使用句号或叹号。 eg：Go and wash your hands.去洗手。(命令) Be quiet，please.请安静。(请求) Be kind to your sister.对妹妹要和善。(劝告) Look out！Danger！小心！危险！(警告) Keep off the grass.勿践踏草坪。(禁止) Let's have a trip！我们去旅行吧！(建议) 2．肯定祈使句的表现形式 ①Do 型：动词原形(＋宾语)＋其他成分. eg：Please have a seat here.请这边坐。 ②Be 型：Be＋表语(名词或形容词)＋其他成分. eg：Be a good boy！做一个好孩子！ ③Let型：Let＋宾语＋动词原形＋其他成分. eg：Let me help you.让我来帮你。 2．肯定祈使句的表现形式 ①Do 型：动词原形(＋宾语)＋其他成分. eg：Please have a seat here.请这边坐。 ②Be 型：Be＋表语(名词或形容词)＋其他成分. eg：Be a good boy！做一个好孩子！ ③Let型：Let＋宾语＋动词原形＋其他成分. eg：Let me help you.让我来帮你。 3．否定祈使句的表现形式 ①Do型和Be型的否定式：在句首加Don't或Never。 eg：Don't forget me！不要忘记我！ Never be late for school！上学永远不要迟到！ ②Let型的否定式： Don't＋let＋宾语＋动词原形＋其他成分． Let＋宾语＋not＋动词原形＋其他成分． eg：Don't let him go./Let him not go.别让他走。 ③No＋n./v.­ing形式，表示禁止性祈使句。 eg：No smoking！禁止吸烟！ No photos！禁止拍照！ 祈使句记忆法 祈使句，祈使句，请求、命令或建议。 主语是you常省去，动词原形开头记。 否定形式要注意，句首要把Don't加。 要讲客气用please，句首、句末没关系。 ►情态动词must，have to和can 情态动词一般不能单独作谓语，后面必须接动词原形一起构成谓语。 1．must的用法 must表示说话人的主观看法及主观上的必要性，也用于命令或愿望。只用于现在时，无人称和单复数的变化。在表示过去、将来和完成时，用have to的相应形式来代替must。 ①在表示有做某一个动作的必要和义务时，must可译为“必须；应该”。 eg：You must finish your homework first.你必须先完成作业。 ②表示有很大把握的判断或者推测，意思是“一定；准是”。 eg：The tall man must be your father.那个高个子男人一定是你的爸爸。 ③以must开头的一般疑问句，它的肯定回答用must，否定回答用needn't(没必要)。mustn't常用于否定句中，意为“不允许；禁止”。 eg：—Must I go there on foot？我必须步行过去吗？ —No，you needn't.不，你不需要。 You mustn't smoke here.你不允许/禁止在这里吸烟。 2．have to的用法 have to意思是“必须；不得不”，侧重于客观上的必要。have to有人称和时态的变化，主语是第三人称单数时用has to。否定形式和疑问形式要借助助动词来表达。一般疑问句在句首加do或does；否定句则在have to之前加don't或doesn't，意为“不必”。 eg：She has to go to school by bus.她不得不乘公共汽车去上学。 You don't have to stand here.你没必要站在这里。 3．can的用法 详见本书Unit 1　Section A　Grammar Focus 语法专讲　情态动词can的用法 一、单项填空。 ( )1.When I want to go out to play with my friends，my mother always says，“________ at home.Don't waste your time.” A．Stay B．Stays C．To stay D．Staying ( )2.—________ the dishes after dinner，Tony. —No problem，Mom. A．Washing B．Washes C．To wash D．Wash A D ( )3.—________ walk on the grass，boys and girls! —Sorry，Mr. Li. We won't. A．Doesn't B．Don't C．Not D．No ( )4.According to the traffic law，children under 12 ________ ride bicycles on the road. A．won't B．wouldn't C．needn't D．mustn't ( )5.—Mum，________ I do my homework tonight? —No，you ________．But you must finish it before Sunday. A．need；mustn't B．must；needn't C．must；mustn't D．need；needn't B D B 二、语法选择。 Hello，everyone！I'm Molly，__1__ middle school student.I don't know whether (是否) you like watching movies，__2__ I do.There __3__ a cinema (电影院) near my home and I often go there.And I __4__ follow lots of rules. Let me tell you some of __5__．When I go into the cinema，I have to __6__ my ticket (票).I can't bring any food or drink to the cinema，so I __7__ buy anything outside the cinema.I can't take photos in the cinema.I can't use my phone，__8__．If I see a 3D movie，I should get 3D __9__．And if I break (弄坏) the glasses，I should pay for them. __10__ the cinema near your home have any rules? ( )1.A.a B．an C．the ( )2.A.and B．but C．so ( )3.A.does B．has C．is ( )4.A.can B．can't C．must ( )5.A.they B．them C．their ( )6.A.show B．shows C．showed ( )7.A.never B．often C．always ( )8.A.too B．also C．either ( )9.A.glass B．a glass C．glasses ( )10.A.Do B．Does C．Is A B C C B A A C C B 三、阅读理解。 New Library Rules 1．Open time：8：30 a．m.—4：30 p．m.(From Monday to Friday) 2．No talking. 3．No eating any food. 4．No listening to music. 5．No taking photos.　　　 6.No taking books out if you don't ask the people here. 7．Keep the library books for only one week. 8．Give the books back on time. 9．Renew (续借) books on time. 10．Pay for the lost books. ( )1.We can read books in the library ________． A．on weekends B．at 2：00 p．m. on Monday C．at 8：00 a．m. on Wednesday D．at five on Tuesday afternoon ( )2.We have to leave the library ________． A．at 2：00 p．m. B．before 4：30 p．m. C．after 5：30 p．m. D．in the afternoon ( )3.If we lose the library books，we have to ________． A．buy them B．pay for them C．renew them D．ask the people there B B B ( )4.Which of the following can't we do in the library? A．Give the books back on time. B．Renew the books on time. C．Talk loudly. D．Be quiet. ( )5.What can we do in the library? A．Eat food. B．Take photos. C．Borrow books. D．Take books out before we ask the people in the library. C C $$