Unit 6 Animals(知识清单)英语新教材北师大版七年级下册

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学段 初中
学科 英语
教材版本 初中英语北师大版七年级下册
年级 七年级
章节 Unit 6 Animals
类型 学案-知识清单
知识点 -
使用场景 同步教学-单元练习
学年 2026-2027
地区(省份) 全国
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发布时间 2025-04-03
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Unit 6 Animals 话题 Animals 词汇 1. beautiful 2. scary 3. south 4. sleep 5. friendly6. save 7. symbol 8. forget 9. danger 10. tree 11. kill 12. over 短语 1. wild animals 2. farm animals 3. black and white 4. lay eggs5. feed on leaves6. be in great danger7. cut down trees8. protect wild animals9. save the earth10. important ecosystems11. lose habitats12. a symbol of peace13. good luck14. make medicines 15. all the time16. look after17. look for18. be made of19. be made from 句型 1. Lions are often called the kings of the jungle. 2. Monkeys are very active and love to climb trees. 3. Sheep are often raised on farms for their wool and meat. 4. The giraffe's long neck helps it reach high leaves. 5. Dogs are loyal and can be great companions for humans. 6. Cats are independent and often keep themselves clean. 7. It's important to protect endangered animals to maintain biodiversity. 8. Many animals have adapted to their environments in unique ways. 9. The zoo is a great place to learn about different animals from around the world. 10. Animals play an important role in our ecosystem and deserve our respect and care. 语法 句子类型 写作 动物介绍描写 考点1 sheep的用法 用法分析she是名词,意为“羊;绵羊”,单复数形式相同。 看!树下有三只羊在吃草。Look!There are three sheep eating grass under the tree. 考点拓展 单复数相同的名词还有:Chinese中国人,Japanese日本人,deer鹿等。 My uncle keeps many___D___on the farm.And I often help him feed them. A.cow B.horse C.pig D.sheep 考点2 scared的用法 用法分析 scared是形容词“惊恐的,恐惧的”,可做定语和表语。 她害怕晚上一个人走路。She is scared of walking alone at night. 他害怕过那座摇晃的桥。He was scared to cross the rickety bridge. 固定搭配 scared的相关短语 be scared of 害怕……,恐惧…… be scared of doing sth. 害怕做某事 be scared to do sth. 害怕去做某事 be scared that... 害怕…… 考点3. would like的用法 用法分析 would like表示“想要”。“would like+名词/代词”表示“某人想要某物”,相当于 want sth.。would like to do sth.表示“想要做某事”,为委婉客气的说法,相当于 want to do sth. 他想要一大碗面条。He would like a large bowl of noodles. 我想尽快见到他。I would like to see him as soon as possible. 考点拓展(1)would like sb.to do sth.表示“想让某人做某事”。 He would like me to help him with his English.他想让我帮助他学英语。 (2)“Would you like/love to...?”表示向对方提出客气的、有礼貌的请求、邀请、希望或询问等,意为“你(们)想要……吗?”。 Would you like to play games with us?你想和我们一起做游戏吗? (3)“Would you like/ love to...?”的回答。肯定回答常用“Yes, please./Yes, I'd like(love)to./Certainly./Oh,great!/ Yes,thank you.”等;否定回答常用“No, thanks./No, thank you.It's nice of you,but...”等。 —Would you like to go fishing?你想去钓鱼吗? —Yes,I'd love to.是的,我很想去。 —Would you like to go to the movies with me this Sunday? —___C___.I'll be free that day. A.Sorry,I can't B.Yes.I do C.Yes.I'd love to D.No,I wouldn't 考点4 it做形式主语的用法 用法分析 这里it是形式主语,后面的不定式短语to have cake on your birthday是真正的主语。It's+形容词+(for sb.)to do sth.意为“(对某人来说)做某事是……的”。 保持水质清洁是很重要的。It's important to keep the water clean. 我们很难回答这些问题。It is very hard for us to answer the questions. —Could I go swimming with my friend,dad? —No,it's very dangerous for you kids___C___swimming without adults. A.go B.going C.to go D.went 考点5 cut down的用法 用法分析 cut down砍倒。 不要砍伐树木。Don't cut down the trees. 考点拓展 cut down还表示“减少;削减”的含义。 We must cut down air pollution.我们必须减少空气污染。 注意 cut up切碎, cut down砍倒(树等)。以上两个短语属于“动副”结构,后接代词it/them时要放在短语中间,接名词放前后皆可。 根据汉语意思完成句子 人类砍伐树木,因此动物处于极大的危险之中。 People___cut___ ___down___ many trees,so animals are in great danger. 考点6 around的用法 用法分析 around做介词“在……周围”;还做副词“大约”,相当于about。 他每天大约六点半去学校。He leaves for school at around six-thirty every day. 我们围火而坐。We sat around the fire. 固定搭配 around的固定搭配 show sb. around 带领某人参观 around the world 全世界 look around 环顾四周 travel around 到处旅行 go/walk around 绕过,到处走动 考点7.beautiful的用法 用法分析 beautiful adj.美丽的,漂亮的,可以形容人、动物或物品。 她很漂亮,但她很害羞。She's very beautiful,but she's very shy. 考点拓展 beautiful的副词形式 beautifully“美好地;漂亮地”,用于修饰动词;其名词形式是beauty美丽。 考点辨析 handsome, beautiful, pretty handsome “好看的,英俊的”,常形容男性。 beautiful 形容人或物。 pretty “美丽的,漂亮的”,形容小孩或年轻女子。 The man looks handsome.这个男人看上去很帅。 The little girl has a beautiful face.这个小女孩长着一张漂亮的脸蛋。 The girl is pretty.这个女孩很漂亮。 根据汉语提示完成句子 Guilin is a___beautiful___(美丽的)city. 考点8 sleep的用法 用法分析sleep做动词“睡觉”,也可做名词“睡眠”。 他白天睡觉,但晚上起来吃叶子。 He sleeps during the day,but at night he gets up and eats leaves. 我们大多数人一天需要8个小时睡眠。Most of us need8 hours of sleep a day. 考点辨析sleep,sleepy,sleeping sleep 做延续性动词“睡觉”,也可做名词 “睡眠”。 sleepy “想睡的,疲倦的,瞌睡的”,做表语或定语。 sleeping “睡着的”,既可做表语,也可做定语。 Don't sleep in class.不要在课堂上睡觉。 You look very sleepy.Let's go to have a walk outside.你看上去很困。咱们出去散散步吧。 Do you know the sleeping boy?你认识那个正在睡觉的男孩吗? 考点拓展 go to sleep睡觉,入睡;get to sleep睡着,入睡;go to bed上床睡觉。一般说来, go to bed在前,然后才是go/get to sleep。 Enough___B___ is good for your health.If you watch TV too late,you will feel______. A.sleep;sleeping B.sleep;sleepy C.sleep;sleep D.sleeping;sleep 考点9 south的用法 用法分析 south adj.南方的;n.南,南方。 湖南省在湖北省的南面。Hunan Province is on the south of Hubei Province. 小提示 表示方位的合成词:southeast东南,southwest西南,northeast东北,northwest西北。 Pandas usually live in the southwest of China.熊猫通常生活在中国的西南部。 固定搭配 south的固定搭配 South Africa 南非 South America 南美洲 the South Pole 南极 考点拓展 方位词及对应的形容词和名词: south n.南 southern adj.南方的 southerner n.南方人 north n.北 northern adj.北方的 northerner n.北方人 east n.东 eastern adj.东方的 easterner n.东方人 west n.西 western adj.西方的 westerner n.西方人 特殊 考点方位介词in,on,to的使用 (1)甲地在乙地境内用in。 Qingdao is in the east of Shandong Province.青岛位于山东省东部。 (2)甲地与乙地是两个相互独立的地区并且不接壤(有一段距离),用to。 Japan is to the east of China.日本在中国东部。 (3)甲地与乙地相连(邻)时,用on。 Mongolia is on the north of China.蒙古与中国的北部接壤。 —Taiwan is an important part of China. —Yes,it lies(位于)___A___the southeast of China. A.in B.on C.to 考点10.save的用法 用法分析 save v.挽救;救。 医生竭力挽救她的生命。The doctor tried to save her life. 考点拓展save做动词,还意为“保存;储存;节约;节省”。 We are saving(up)for a new house.我们正在存钱准备买一所新房子。 We should try to save water.我们应该设法节约用水。 固定搭配 save的固定搭配 save money 省钱;攒钱 save one's life 挽救某人的生命 save oneself 自救;拯救自已 The high-speed train will___A___ you about two hours from Rizhao to Jinan. A.save B.pay C.use D.spend 考点11 symbol的用法 用法分析 symbol是名词“象征;标志”,后接介词of,表示“……的象征”;后接介词for,表示“……的符号”。 这座建筑物是东方建筑的象征。The building is the symbol of eastern buildings. 在地图上,十字符号代表教堂。On maps,a cross is the symbol for a church. In fact,pandas have become so popular that they are now a___B___of China. A.subject B.symbol C.sign D.spirit 考点12.forget的用法 用法分析 forget为动词“忘记”,后接名词、代词、不定式或动词-ing形式做宾语, forget的反义词为remember。 我忘了他的名字。I forget his name. 考点拓展 forget to do sth.表示忘记应该要去做的事,侧重于“事情未做,忘记去做”, forget doing sth.表示忘记过去做过的事,侧重于“事情已做,但忘记了”。 Don't forget to post the letter.别忘了去寄信。 I'll never forget meeting my teacher for the first time.我永远忘不了和老师初次见面的情景。 考点辨析leave, forget leave 意为“遗忘某物”,常与地点状语连用。 forget 意为“忘记”,忘记做某事或忘记某物,不与地点状语连用。 I forgot my umbrella.I left my umbrella at home.我忘记带伞了。我把伞忘在家里了。 Don't forget___A___the windows before you leave. A.to close B.closing C.closed 考点13.danger的用法 用法分析 danger是不可数名词“危险”。反义词:safety安全。形容词:dangerous危险的。 关爱濒危的野生动物。Care for wild animals in danger. 固定搭配 danger的固定搭配 in danger 在危险中 in great danger 处于巨大的危险之中 in no danger 没有危险 in danger of 有……危险 out of danger 脱离危险 Is she still in danger?她的处境还是很危险吗? My father was very ill,but he is now out of danger. 我父亲病得很重,但他现在已经脱离危险了。 Blue whales are___C___.We should try to protect them. A.in time B.in public C.in danger 考点14 over的用法 用法分析over意为“多于;超过”,相当于 more than,其后常与数词连用。 他将在那儿待两个多星期。He will stay there for over two weeks. 考点拓展(1)over指“在……正上方”,表示垂直上方,其反义词为 under。 The bridge is over the river.这座桥在河上。 (2)over做副词时,意为“结束,完了”。 Classes are over at 4:30 in the afternoon.下午四点半课就上完了。 (3)over意为“遍及……”。 We have friends all over the world.我们的朋友遍天下。 (4)over意为“蒙在……上” The workers all wear thick clothes and glasses over their eyes.工人们都穿着厚实的衣服,并且戴着眼镜。 —More than 400 street gardens will be built in Shenzhen. —Good news!Our city becomes more and more beautiful.(同义替换)___A___ A.Over B.Around C.Nearly 考点15.tree的用法 用法分析 tree n.树,树木,是可数名词。 我们在春季植树。We plant trees in spring. 考点辨析 in the tree,on the tree (1)in the tree“在树上”,表示树上的外来之物,如人、动物等。 Look!Some monkeys are playing in the tree.看!一些猴子在树上玩耍。 (2)on the tree“在树上”,特指生长在树上的果子、叶子或开的花等。 There are many apples on the tree.这棵树上结着许多苹果。 There are some apples___C___ the tree and some birds are singing______ the tree. A.on;on B.in;on C.on;in 考点16.be made of的用法 用法分析 made of ivory意思是“由象牙制成的”,这个短语做后置定语,修饰名词 things。这是一张木制桌子。This is a table made of wood. 考点拓展(1)be made of表示“由……制成”,指在成品中可以看出原材料,仅发生了物理变化,如木制家具、座椅,金银首饰、房子等。 The chairs are made of wood.这些椅子都是木制的。 (2)be made from由……制成,指原料经过加工后,从成品中看不出原材料,发生了质的变化。 The paper is made from wood.纸是由木材制成的。 (3)be made in意为“在……制造”,表示物品生产或制造于某地。 The bike is made in Shanghai.这辆自行车是在上海制造的。 考点17.important的用法 用法分析 important adj.重要的,重大的。 学习英语非常重要。Studying English is very important. 考点拓展 important的名词形式为 importance(重要性)。 It's very important for us to know the importance of English.对我们来说知道英语的重要性是很重要的。 特殊考点 It's important for sb.to do sth.对某人来说做某事是重要的。 It's very important for us to learn a foreign language well.学好一门外语对于我们来说是很重要的。 翻译句子 It is very important for us to learn Chinese well. ______________对我们来说学好汉语很重要。______ 考点18.friendly的用法 用法分析 friendly 形容词“友好的”。be friendly to sb.表示“对某人友好”,指对某人的态度友好。同义词组be nice/kind to。 他们相互之间很友好。They are very friendly /nice to each other. 我的老师对我很好。My teacher is very friendly to me. –Tom, how are you getting along with your new classmates? -Pretty good. All of them ___B___ me. A. are angry with B. are friendly to C. are hard on D. are sorry for 考点19.make sb.do sth.的用法 用法分析 “make sb.do sth.”意为“使某人做某事”。do sth.是省略to的动词不定式做宾语补足语。 老师让安把她的书拿回来。The teacher made Ann get her book back. 考点拓展 接省略to的不定式做宾语补足语的词: “一感”(feel);“二听”(hear,listen to);“三使”(make,let,have);“四看”(see,watch,notice,observe);“半帮助”(help,to可以加,也可以省略)。 以上词在主动句里to走开,被动句里to回来。 I heard her sing in the next room just now.刚才我听到她在隔壁唱歌。 The boss made his workers work twelve hours a day. =The workers were made to work twelve hours a day.老板逼迫工人每天工作12个小时。 Too much work made us ___C___ tired. A. feeling B. feels C. feel D. felt 考点20.play a role in...的用法 用法分析 play a role in...表示“在……中扮演角色,在…….中起作用、影响”,相当于make a difference。 in后接名词、代词或动词-ing形式。 He was invited to play a role in this TV play.他被邀请在这部电视剧里扮演一个角色。 We should play a role in protecting the environment.我们应该在保护环境中起作用。 Those people play a role in ___C___ the winner. A. decide B. decided C. deciding D. to decide 1. 语法精讲 句子类型 英语句子按照其用途和形式可以分为多种类型: 一.陈述句 陈述句是用来陈述事实或表达说话人看法的句子,通常以句号结尾,一般读作降调。陈述句可以分为肯定句和否定句两种形式。 1. 肯定句 肯定句表达的是肯定的意义,即事实或看法是真实的或说话人认为是真实的。例如: Mark Twain is a famous American writer.(马克·吐温是一位著名的美国作家。) I have brown hair.(我有一头棕色的头发。) 2. 否定句 否定句表达的是否定的意义,即事实或看法不是真实的或说话人不认为是真实的。否定句通常使用否定词“not”或含有否定意义的词如“never”、“hardly”等。例如: He is not my boss.(他不是我的老板。) I don't like winter at all.(我一点也不喜欢冬天。) 二.疑问句 疑问句是用来提出问题的句子,通常以问号结尾。疑问句可以分为一般疑问句、特殊疑问句、选择疑问句和反意疑问句四种类型。 1. 一般疑问句 一般疑问句是能够用“Yes”或“No”来回答的疑问句。其结构通常是“Be动词/助动词/情态动词+主语+谓语+其他”。例如: Is this your English book?(这是你的英语书吗?) Can you speak English?(你会说英语吗?) 2. 特殊疑问句 特殊疑问句是用来对句子的某一特殊部分提问的句子。特殊疑问句通常以特殊疑问词开头,如“what”、“who”、“whose”、“which”、“when”、“where”、“how”等。对特殊疑问句的回答不能用“Yes”或“No”,而要根据询问的内容具体回答。例如: What is your name?(你叫什么名字?) How do you know?(你怎么知道的?) 3. 选择疑问句 选择疑问句是提供两种或两种以上的情况,问对方选择哪一种。选择疑问句的结构通常是“一般疑问句/特殊疑问句+or+另一个选项”。对选择疑问句的回答不能只用“Yes”或“No”,而必须选择其中之一来回答。例如: Would you like coffee or tea?(你想喝咖啡还是茶?) Do you want to go by bus or by train?(你想坐公共汽车去还是坐火车去?) 4. 反意疑问句 反意疑问句也叫附加疑问句,是在陈述句的后面加一个简短问句,对陈述句所说的事实或观点提出疑问或希望陈述句部分内容得到证实。反意疑问句的结构通常是“肯定陈述句+否定问句”或“否定陈述句+肯定问句”。例如: You are a teacher, aren't you?(你是老师,是吗?) He doesn't know where I live, does he?(他不知道我住在什么地方,是吗?) 三.祈使句 祈使句是用来表示请求、命令、劝告、建议等语气的句子。祈使句的主语通常是第二人称“you”,但往往省略。祈使句的谓语一般用动词原形,否定句是用“don't+动词原形+其他”。例如: Please sit down.(请坐下。) Don't be late for school.(上学别迟到。) 四.感叹句 感叹句是用来表达强烈感情的句子。感叹句的末尾通常用感叹号,句子开头常用“what”或“how”来引导。例如: What a fine day it is!(多么好的天气啊!) How beautiful she is!(她多么漂亮啊!) 简单句和并列句 英语简单句是英语句子的基本结构,它由主语和谓语构成,有时还包括宾语、表语、状语等其他成分。 一、简单句的基本结构 1. 主语+谓语 这是最简单的一种句型,其中谓语通常是不及物动词,后面不能接宾语。 例句: He sings.(他唱歌。) They danced.(他们跳舞。) The sun rises in the east.(太阳从东方升起。) 2. 主语+谓语+宾语 此句型中,谓语是及物动词,后面需要接宾语来构成完整的句意。 例句: I love you.(我爱你。) She reads books.(她读书。) They bought a new car.(他们买了一辆新车。) 3. 主语+谓语+表语 此句型中,谓语是系动词(如be, become, feel, look, seem, smell, sound, taste等),后面接表语(名词、形容词、副词、介词短语、不定式、动名词、分词等)来说明主语的状态、特征或身份。 例句: I am a student.(我是学生。) She looks happy.(她看起来很高兴。) The food tastes delicious.(这食物尝起来很美味。) 4. 主语+谓语+间接宾语+直接宾语 此句型中,谓语是及物动词,后面接两个宾语:间接宾语(人)和直接宾语(物)。有时,间接宾语可以放在直接宾语之后,前面加上介词to或for。 例句: He gave me a book.(他给了我一本书。) She bought her mother a gift.(她给她妈妈买了一个礼物。) They passed him the ball.(他们把球传给了他。) He wrote a letter to his friend.(他给他的朋友写了一封信。) 5. 主语+谓语+宾语+宾语补足语 此句型中,谓语是及物动词,后面接宾语和宾语补足语(名词、形容词、副词、介词短语、不定式、现在分词、过去分词等),用于进一步说明宾语的状态、特征或所做的动作。 例句: We found the book interesting.(我们发现这本书很有趣。) They made him their leader.(他们选他当他们的领导。) She heard the baby crying.(她听到婴儿在哭。) I saw him playing football.(我看见他在踢足球。) 6. there be句型 “There be 某地有某物”句型也是简单句类型,表意简单明了。 例句:There’s a book on the table. 并列句 并列句是指由并列连词(and,but,or等)将两个或两个以上的简单句连接合并而成的句子。在并列句中,各个简单句的关系是平行的,没有从属关系,但各个简单句之间可以有不同的逻辑关系,这些逻辑关系通过并列连词来表达。 1. 表示顺承的并列连词: and:表示两个或多个动作、状态或事实的同时存在或相继发生。 例句:I like to read books, and I enjoy writing stories.(我喜欢读书,也喜欢写故事。) both...and...:表示两者都…… 例句:Both Tom and Mary are good at math.(汤姆和玛丽都擅长数学。) not only...but (also)...:表示“不仅……而且……” 例句:Not only did she pass the exam, but she also got the highest score.(她不仅通过了考试,还得了最高分。) 2. 表示转折的并列连词: but:表示前后两个简单句在意义上是相反的或相对立的。 例句:The task was difficult, but they didn't give up.(任务很难,但他们没有放弃。) yet:表示尽管有某种情况,但结果仍然相反或出乎意料。 例句:He worked hard all night, yet he still failed the exam.(他整夜努力学习,但仍然考试不及格。) 3. 表示选择的并列连词: or:表示在两个或多个选项中选择一个。 例句:You can eat an apple or an orange.(你可以吃一个苹果或一个橙子。) either...or...:表示两者中选择一个,强调两者中必有一个是正确的。 例句:Either you come with me or I go alone.(要么你和我一起去,要么我一个人去。) 4. 表示原因/结果的并列连词: for:表示原因,通常用于解释说明某个情况或行为的原因。 例句:I didn't go to the party, for I had to study for the exam.(我没去参加聚会,因为我得为考试复习。) so:表示结果,用于说明由于前面的原因而产生的结果。 例句:It was raining, so we stayed at home.(下雨了,所以我们待在家里。) 二.写作精讲 英语老师要求同学们在下一节英语课中介绍自己最喜欢的动物。请你根据下面表格的内容提示,以My favourite animals为题,用英语写一篇短文。词数80~100。 名称:白老虎 外貌:皮毛黑白相间;蓝色眼睛 能力:跑得不快;善于游泳 食物:各种动物 看法:数量不多,应该保护它们 My favourite animals My favourite animals Do you know the white tigers? They are my favourite animals and I don't think they are very scary.We can see them in the zoo. The white tigers look very beautiful.Their fur is black and white, and their eyes are blue.The white tigers can run. However, they can't run fast.The white tigers are not afraid of water.They are good at swimming.What food do the white tigers eat? Oh, they eat all kinds of animals. There are not many white tigers in the world.We must protect them. 假如你是李华,你的外国笔友Tom得知你最近养了只兔子当宠物, 想多了解它的相关信息。请根据以下表格,写一篇90词左右的回信。 Name Jimmy Age 2 years old Looks long ears, red eyes, a short tail Food vegetables, fruit Activities run after me, play on the grass 注意事项: 1. 短文须包含表格中所有内容,可以适当发挥。 2. 开头与结尾已给出,不计入总词数。 3. 文中不得出现真实姓名和校名。 Dear Tom, How are you these days? Now let me tell you something about my pet. It’s a rabbit. _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Please tell me about your pet in the next email. Yours, Li Hua 【写作提示】 1.主题:介绍宠物 2.人称:以第三人称为主 3.时态:一般现在时 4.要点:兔子的名字、年龄、外貌、食物、活动、你对它的感情等 5.写作思路:开篇引出介绍的对象(已给出);接着详细介绍兔子的名字、年龄、外貌、食物及喜爱的活动等,并表达自己对它的感情;结尾表达期待对方回信(已给出)。 【范文赏读】 Dear Tom, How are you these days? Now let me tell you something about my pet. It’s a rabbit. His name is Jimmy and he is 2 years old. He has long ears, red eyes and a short tail. He looks cute and lovely. He’s very quiet and seldom makes any sound. Jimmy eats fruit and vegetables every day, and his favourite food is carrots. When I come home from school, he always runs after me. I often take him out for a walk in my free time. He enjoys playing on the grass. We have so much fun together. I think he is the best pet in the world. Please tell me about your pet in the next email. Yours, Li Hua 1 / 14 学科网(北京)股份有限公司 $$ Unit 6 Animals 话题 Animals 词汇 1. beautiful 2. scary 3. south 4. sleep 5. friendly6. save 7. symbol 8. forget 9. danger 10. tree 11. kill 12. over 短语 1. wild animals 2. farm animals 3. black and white 4. lay eggs5. feed on leaves6. be in great danger7. cut down trees8. protect wild animals9. save the earth10. important ecosystems11. lose habitats12. a symbol of peace13. good luck14. make medicines 15. all the time16. look after17. look for18. be made of19. be made from 句型 1. Lions are often called the kings of the jungle. 2. Monkeys are very active and love to climb trees. 3. Sheep are often raised on farms for their wool and meat. 4. The giraffe's long neck helps it reach high leaves. 5. Dogs are loyal and can be great companions for humans. 6. Cats are independent and often keep themselves clean. 7. It's important to protect endangered animals to maintain biodiversity. 8. Many animals have adapted to their environments in unique ways. 9. The zoo is a great place to learn about different animals from around the world. 10. Animals play an important role in our ecosystem and deserve our respect and care. 语法 句子类型 写作 动物介绍描写 考点1 sheep的用法 用法分析she是名词,意为“羊;绵羊”,单复数形式相同。 看!树下有三只羊在吃草。Look!There are three sheep eating grass under the tree. 考点拓展 单复数相同的名词还有:Chinese中国人,Japanese日本人,deer鹿等。 My uncle keeps many______on the farm.And I often help him feed them. A.cow B.horse C.pig D.sheep 考点2 scared的用法 用法分析 scared是形容词“惊恐的,恐惧的”,可做定语和表语。 她害怕晚上一个人走路。She is scared of walking alone at night. 他害怕过那座摇晃的桥。He was scared to cross the rickety bridge. 固定搭配 scared的相关短语 be scared of 害怕……,恐惧…… be scared of doing sth. 害怕做某事 be scared to do sth. 害怕去做某事 be scared that... 害怕…… 考点3. would like的用法 用法分析 would like表示“想要”。“would like+名词/代词”表示“某人想要某物”,相当于 want sth.。would like to do sth.表示“想要做某事”,为委婉客气的说法,相当于 want to do sth. 他想要一大碗面条。He would like a large bowl of noodles. 我想尽快见到他。I would like to see him as soon as possible. 考点拓展(1)would like sb.to do sth.表示“想让某人做某事”。 He would like me to help him with his English.他想让我帮助他学英语。 (2)“Would you like/love to...?”表示向对方提出客气的、有礼貌的请求、邀请、希望或询问等,意为“你(们)想要……吗?”。 Would you like to play games with us?你想和我们一起做游戏吗? (3)“Would you like/ love to...?”的回答。肯定回答常用“Yes, please./Yes, I'd like(love)to./Certainly./Oh,great!/ Yes,thank you.”等;否定回答常用“No, thanks./No, thank you.It's nice of you,but...”等。 —Would you like to go fishing?你想去钓鱼吗? —Yes,I'd love to.是的,我很想去。 —Would you like to go to the movies with me this Sunday? —______.I'll be free that day. A.Sorry,I can't B.Yes.I do C.Yes.I'd love to D.No,I wouldn't 考点4 it做形式主语的用法 用法分析 这里it是形式主语,后面的不定式短语to have cake on your birthday是真正的主语。It's+形容词+(for sb.)to do sth.意为“(对某人来说)做某事是……的”。 保持水质清洁是很重要的。It's important to keep the water clean. 我们很难回答这些问题。It is very hard for us to answer the questions. —Could I go swimming with my friend,dad? —No,it's very dangerous for you kids______swimming without adults. A.go B.going C.to go D.went 考点5 cut down的用法 用法分析 cut down砍倒。 不要砍伐树木。Don't cut down the trees. 考点拓展 cut down还表示“减少;削减”的含义。 We must cut down air pollution.我们必须减少空气污染。 注意 cut up切碎, cut down砍倒(树等)。以上两个短语属于“动副”结构,后接代词it/them时要放在短语中间,接名词放前后皆可。 根据汉语意思完成句子 人类砍伐树木,因此动物处于极大的危险之中。 People many trees,so animals are in great danger. 考点6 around的用法 用法分析 around做介词“在……周围”;还做副词“大约”,相当于about。 他每天大约六点半去学校。He leaves for school at around six-thirty every day. 我们围火而坐。We sat around the fire. 固定搭配 around的固定搭配 show sb. around 带领某人参观 around the world 全世界 look around 环顾四周 travel around 到处旅行 go/walk around 绕过,到处走动 考点7.beautiful的用法 用法分析 beautiful adj.美丽的,漂亮的,可以形容人、动物或物品。 她很漂亮,但她很害羞。She's very beautiful,but she's very shy. 考点拓展 beautiful的副词形式 beautifully“美好地;漂亮地”,用于修饰动词;其名词形式是beauty美丽。 考点辨析 handsome, beautiful, pretty handsome “好看的,英俊的”,常形容男性。 beautiful 形容人或物。 pretty “美丽的,漂亮的”,形容小孩或年轻女子。 The man looks handsome.这个男人看上去很帅。 The little girl has a beautiful face.这个小女孩长着一张漂亮的脸蛋。 The girl is pretty.这个女孩很漂亮。 根据汉语提示完成句子 Guilin is a (美丽的)city. 考点8 sleep的用法 用法分析sleep做动词“睡觉”,也可做名词“睡眠”。 他白天睡觉,但晚上起来吃叶子。 He sleeps during the day,but at night he gets up and eats leaves. 我们大多数人一天需要8个小时睡眠。Most of us need8 hours of sleep a day. 考点辨析sleep,sleepy,sleeping sleep 做延续性动词“睡觉”,也可做名词 “睡眠”。 sleepy “想睡的,疲倦的,瞌睡的”,做表语或定语。 sleeping “睡着的”,既可做表语,也可做定语。 Don't sleep in class.不要在课堂上睡觉。 You look very sleepy.Let's go to have a walk outside.你看上去很困。咱们出去散散步吧。 Do you know the sleeping boy?你认识那个正在睡觉的男孩吗? 考点拓展 go to sleep睡觉,入睡;get to sleep睡着,入睡;go to bed上床睡觉。一般说来, go to bed在前,然后才是go/get to sleep。 Enough______ is good for your health.If you watch TV too late,you will feel______. A.sleep;sleeping B.sleep;sleepy C.sleep;sleep D.sleeping;sleep 考点9 south的用法 用法分析 south adj.南方的;n.南,南方。 湖南省在湖北省的南面。Hunan Province is on the south of Hubei Province. 小提示 表示方位的合成词:southeast东南,southwest西南,northeast东北,northwest西北。 Pandas usually live in the southwest of China.熊猫通常生活在中国的西南部。 固定搭配 south的固定搭配 South Africa 南非 South America 南美洲 the South Pole 南极 考点拓展 方位词及对应的形容词和名词: south n.南 southern adj.南方的 southerner n.南方人 north n.北 northern adj.北方的 northerner n.北方人 east n.东 eastern adj.东方的 easterner n.东方人 west n.西 western adj.西方的 westerner n.西方人 特殊 考点方位介词in,on,to的使用 (1)甲地在乙地境内用in。 Qingdao is in the east of Shandong Province.青岛位于山东省东部。 (2)甲地与乙地是两个相互独立的地区并且不接壤(有一段距离),用to。 Japan is to the east of China.日本在中国东部。 (3)甲地与乙地相连(邻)时,用on。 Mongolia is on the north of China.蒙古与中国的北部接壤。 —Taiwan is an important part of China. —Yes,it lies(位于)______the southeast of China. A.in B.on C.to 考点10.save的用法 用法分析 save v.挽救;救。 医生竭力挽救她的生命。The doctor tried to save her life. 考点拓展save做动词,还意为“保存;储存;节约;节省”。 We are saving(up)for a new house.我们正在存钱准备买一所新房子。 We should try to save water.我们应该设法节约用水。 固定搭配 save的固定搭配 save money 省钱;攒钱 save one's life 挽救某人的生命 save oneself 自救;拯救自已 The high-speed train will______ you about two hours from Rizhao to Jinan. A.save B.pay C.use D.spend 考点11 symbol的用法 用法分析 symbol是名词“象征;标志”,后接介词of,表示“……的象征”;后接介词for,表示“……的符号”。 这座建筑物是东方建筑的象征。The building is the symbol of eastern buildings. 在地图上,十字符号代表教堂。On maps,a cross is the symbol for a church. In fact,pandas have become so popular that they are now a______of China. A.subject B.symbol C.sign D.spirit 考点12.forget的用法 用法分析 forget为动词“忘记”,后接名词、代词、不定式或动词-ing形式做宾语, forget的反义词为remember。 我忘了他的名字。I forget his name. 考点拓展 forget to do sth.表示忘记应该要去做的事,侧重于“事情未做,忘记去做”, forget doing sth.表示忘记过去做过的事,侧重于“事情已做,但忘记了”。 Don't forget to post the letter.别忘了去寄信。 I'll never forget meeting my teacher for the first time.我永远忘不了和老师初次见面的情景。 考点辨析leave, forget leave 意为“遗忘某物”,常与地点状语连用。 forget 意为“忘记”,忘记做某事或忘记某物,不与地点状语连用。 I forgot my umbrella.I left my umbrella at home.我忘记带伞了。我把伞忘在家里了。 Don't forget______the windows before you leave. A.to close B.closing C.closed 考点13.danger的用法 用法分析 danger是不可数名词“危险”。反义词:safety安全。形容词:dangerous危险的。 关爱濒危的野生动物。Care for wild animals in danger. 固定搭配 danger的固定搭配 in danger 在危险中 in great danger 处于巨大的危险之中 in no danger 没有危险 in danger of 有……危险 out of danger 脱离危险 Is she still in danger?她的处境还是很危险吗? My father was very ill,but he is now out of danger. 我父亲病得很重,但他现在已经脱离危险了。 Blue whales are______.We should try to protect them. A.in time B.in public C.in danger 考点14 over的用法 用法分析over意为“多于;超过”,相当于 more than,其后常与数词连用。 他将在那儿待两个多星期。He will stay there for over two weeks. 考点拓展(1)over指“在……正上方”,表示垂直上方,其反义词为 under。 The bridge is over the river.这座桥在河上。 (2)over做副词时,意为“结束,完了”。 Classes are over at 4:30 in the afternoon.下午四点半课就上完了。 (3)over意为“遍及……”。 We have friends all over the world.我们的朋友遍天下。 (4)over意为“蒙在……上” The workers all wear thick clothes and glasses over their eyes.工人们都穿着厚实的衣服,并且戴着眼镜。 —More than 400 street gardens will be built in Shenzhen. —Good news!Our city becomes more and more beautiful.(同义替换)______ A.Over B.Around C.Nearly 考点15.tree的用法 用法分析 tree n.树,树木,是可数名词。 我们在春季植树。We plant trees in spring. 考点辨析 in the tree,on the tree (1)in the tree“在树上”,表示树上的外来之物,如人、动物等。 Look!Some monkeys are playing in the tree.看!一些猴子在树上玩耍。 (2)on the tree“在树上”,特指生长在树上的果子、叶子或开的花等。 There are many apples on the tree.这棵树上结着许多苹果。 There are some apples______ the tree and some birds are singing______ the tree. A.on;on B.in;on C.on;in 考点16.be made of的用法 用法分析 made of ivory意思是“由象牙制成的”,这个短语做后置定语,修饰名词 things。这是一张木制桌子。This is a table made of wood. 考点拓展(1)be made of表示“由……制成”,指在成品中可以看出原材料,仅发生了物理变化,如木制家具、座椅,金银首饰、房子等。 The chairs are made of wood.这些椅子都是木制的。 (2)be made from由……制成,指原料经过加工后,从成品中看不出原材料,发生了质的变化。 The paper is made from wood.纸是由木材制成的。 (3)be made in意为“在……制造”,表示物品生产或制造于某地。 The bike is made in Shanghai.这辆自行车是在上海制造的。 考点17.important的用法 用法分析 important adj.重要的,重大的。 学习英语非常重要。Studying English is very important. 考点拓展 important的名词形式为 importance(重要性)。 It's very important for us to know the importance of English.对我们来说知道英语的重要性是很重要的。 特殊考点 It's important for sb.to do sth.对某人来说做某事是重要的。 It's very important for us to learn a foreign language well.学好一门外语对于我们来说是很重要的。 翻译句子 It is very important for us to learn Chinese well. ___________ ______ 考点18.friendly的用法 用法分析 friendly 形容词“友好的”。be friendly to sb.表示“对某人友好”,指对某人的态度友好。同义词组be nice/kind to。 他们相互之间很友好。They are very friendly /nice to each other. 我的老师对我很好。My teacher is very friendly to me. –Tom, how are you getting along with your new classmates? -Pretty good. All of them ______ me. A. are angry with B. are friendly to C. are hard on D. are sorry for 考点19.make sb.do sth.的用法 用法分析 “make sb.do sth.”意为“使某人做某事”。do sth.是省略to的动词不定式做宾语补足语。 老师让安把她的书拿回来。The teacher made Ann get her book back. 考点拓展 接省略to的不定式做宾语补足语的词: “一感”(feel);“二听”(hear,listen to);“三使”(make,let,have);“四看”(see,watch,notice,observe);“半帮助”(help,to可以加,也可以省略)。 以上词在主动句里to走开,被动句里to回来。 I heard her sing in the next room just now.刚才我听到她在隔壁唱歌。 The boss made his workers work twelve hours a day. =The workers were made to work twelve hours a day.老板逼迫工人每天工作12个小时。 Too much work made us ______ tired. A. feeling B. feels C. feel D. felt 考点20.play a role in...的用法 用法分析 play a role in...表示“在……中扮演角色,在…….中起作用、影响”,相当于make a difference。 in后接名词、代词或动词-ing形式。 He was invited to play a role in this TV play.他被邀请在这部电视剧里扮演一个角色。 We should play a role in protecting the environment.我们应该在保护环境中起作用。 Those people play a role in ______ the winner. A. decide B. decided C. deciding D. to decide 1. 语法精讲 句子类型 英语句子按照其用途和形式可以分为多种类型: 一.陈述句 陈述句是用来陈述事实或表达说话人看法的句子,通常以句号结尾,一般读作降调。陈述句可以分为肯定句和否定句两种形式。 1. 肯定句 肯定句表达的是肯定的意义,即事实或看法是真实的或说话人认为是真实的。例如: Mark Twain is a famous American writer.(马克·吐温是一位著名的美国作家。) I have brown hair.(我有一头棕色的头发。) 2. 否定句 否定句表达的是否定的意义,即事实或看法不是真实的或说话人不认为是真实的。否定句通常使用否定词“not”或含有否定意义的词如“never”、“hardly”等。例如: He my boss.(他不是我的老板。) I winter at all.(我一点也不喜欢冬天。) 二.疑问句 疑问句是用来提出问题的句子,通常以问号结尾。疑问句可以分为一般疑问句、特殊疑问句、选择疑问句和反意疑问句四种类型。 1. 一般疑问句 一般疑问句是能够用“Yes”或“No”来回答的疑问句。其结构通常是“Be动词/助动词/情态动词+主语+谓语+其他”。例如: this your English book?(这是你的英语书吗?) you speak English?(你会说英语吗?) 2. 特殊疑问句 特殊疑问句是用来对句子的某一特殊部分提问的句子。特殊疑问句通常以特殊疑问词开头,如“what”、“who”、“whose”、“which”、“when”、“where”、“how”等。对特殊疑问句的回答不能用“Yes”或“No”,而要根据询问的内容具体回答。例如: is your name?(你叫什么名字?) do you know?(你怎么知道的?) 3. 选择疑问句 选择疑问句是提供两种或两种以上的情况,问对方选择哪一种。选择疑问句的结构通常是“一般疑问句/特殊疑问句+or+另一个选项”。对选择疑问句的回答不能只用“Yes”或“No”,而必须选择其中之一来回答。例如: Would you like coffee or tea?(你想喝咖啡还是茶?) Do you want to go by bus or by train?(你想坐公共汽车去还是坐火车去?) 4. 反意疑问句 反意疑问句也叫附加疑问句,是在陈述句的后面加一个简短问句,对陈述句所说的事实或观点提出疑问或希望陈述句部分内容得到证实。反意疑问句的结构通常是“肯定陈述句+否定问句”或“否定陈述句+肯定问句”。例如: You are a teacher, aren't you?(你是老师,是吗?) He doesn't know where I live, does he?(他不知道我住在什么地方,是吗?) 三.祈使句 祈使句是用来表示请求、命令、劝告、建议等语气的句子。祈使句的主语通常是第二人称“you”,但往往省略。祈使句的谓语一般用动词原形,否定句是用“don't+动词原形+其他”。例如: Please sit down.(请坐下。) Don't be late for school.(上学别迟到。) 四.感叹句 感叹句是用来表达强烈感情的句子。感叹句的末尾通常用感叹号,句子开头常用“what”或“how”来引导。例如: fine day it is!(多么好的天气啊!) beautiful she is!(她多么漂亮啊!) 简单句和并列句 英语简单句是英语句子的基本结构,它由主语和谓语构成,有时还包括宾语、表语、状语等其他成分。 一、简单句的基本结构 1. 主语+谓语 这是最简单的一种句型,其中谓语通常是不及物动词,后面不能接宾语。 例句: He sings.(他唱歌。) They danced.(他们跳舞。) The sun rises in the east.(太阳从东方升起。) 2. 主语+谓语+宾语 此句型中,谓语是及物动词,后面需要接宾语来构成完整的句意。 例句: I love you.(我爱你。) She reads books.(她读书。) They bought a new car.(他们买了一辆新车。) 3. 主语+谓语+表语 此句型中,谓语是系动词(如be, become, feel, look, seem, smell, sound, taste等),后面接表语(名词、形容词、副词、介词短语、不定式、动名词、分词等)来说明主语的状态、特征或身份。 例句: I am a student.(我是学生。) She looks happy.(她看起来很高兴。) The food tastes delicious.(这食物尝起来很美味。) 4. 主语+谓语+间接宾语+直接宾语 此句型中,谓语是及物动词,后面接两个宾语:间接宾语(人)和直接宾语(物)。有时,间接宾语可以放在直接宾语之后,前面加上介词to或for。 例句: He gave me a book.(他给了我一本书。) She bought her mother a gift.(她给她妈妈买了一个礼物。) They passed him the ball.(他们把球传给了他。) He wrote a letter to his friend.(他给他的朋友写了一封信。) 5. 主语+谓语+宾语+宾语补足语 此句型中,谓语是及物动词,后面接宾语和宾语补足语(名词、形容词、副词、介词短语、不定式、现在分词、过去分词等),用于进一步说明宾语的状态、特征或所做的动作。 例句: We found the book interesting.(我们发现这本书很有趣。) They made him their leader.(他们选他当他们的领导。) She heard the baby crying.(她听到婴儿在哭。) I saw him playing football.(我看见他在踢足球。) 6. there be句型 “There be 某地有某物”句型也是简单句类型,表意简单明了。 例句:There’s a book on the table. 并列句 并列句是指由并列连词(and,but,or等)将两个或两个以上的简单句连接合并而成的句子。在并列句中,各个简单句的关系是平行的,没有从属关系,但各个简单句之间可以有不同的逻辑关系,这些逻辑关系通过并列连词来表达。 1. 表示顺承的并列连词: and:表示两个或多个动作、状态或事实的同时存在或相继发生。 例句:I like to read books, and I enjoy writing stories.(我喜欢读书,也喜欢写故事。) both...and...:表示两者都…… 例句:Both Tom and Mary are good at math.(汤姆和玛丽都擅长数学。) not only...but (also)...:表示“不仅……而且……” 例句:Not only did she pass the exam, but she also got the highest score.(她不仅通过了考试,还得了最高分。) 2. 表示转折的并列连词: but:表示前后两个简单句在意义上是相反的或相对立的。 例句:The task was difficult, but they didn't give up.(任务很难,但他们没有放弃。) yet:表示尽管有某种情况,但结果仍然相反或出乎意料。 例句:He worked hard all night, yet he still failed the exam.(他整夜努力学习,但仍然考试不及格。) 3. 表示选择的并列连词: or:表示在两个或多个选项中选择一个。 例句:You can eat an apple or an orange.(你可以吃一个苹果或一个橙子。) either...or...:表示两者中选择一个,强调两者中必有一个是正确的。 例句:Either you come with me or I go alone.(要么你和我一起去,要么我一个人去。) 4. 表示原因/结果的并列连词: for:表示原因,通常用于解释说明某个情况或行为的原因。 例句:I didn't go to the party, for I had to study for the exam.(我没去参加聚会,因为我得为考试复习。) so:表示结果,用于说明由于前面的原因而产生的结果。 例句:It was raining, so we stayed at home.(下雨了,所以我们待在家里。) 二.写作精讲 英语老师要求同学们在下一节英语课中介绍自己最喜欢的动物。请你根据下面表格的内容提示,以My favourite animals为题,用英语写一篇短文。词数80~100。 名称:白老虎 外貌:皮毛黑白相间;蓝色眼睛 能力:跑得不快;善于游泳 食物:各种动物 看法:数量不多,应该保护它们 My favourite animals 假如你是李华,你的外国笔友Tom得知你最近养了只兔子当宠物, 想多了解它的相关信息。请根据以下表格,写一篇90词左右的回信。 Name Jimmy Age 2 years old Looks long ears, red eyes, a short tail Food vegetables, fruit Activities run after me, play on the grass 注意事项: 1. 短文须包含表格中所有内容,可以适当发挥。 2. 开头与结尾已给出,不计入总词数。 3. 文中不得出现真实姓名和校名。 Dear Tom, How are you these days? Now let me tell you something about my pet. It’s a rabbit. _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Please tell me about your pet in the next email. 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Unit 6 Animals(知识清单)英语新教材北师大版七年级下册
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Unit 6 Animals(知识清单)英语新教材北师大版七年级下册
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Unit 6 Animals(知识清单)英语新教材北师大版七年级下册
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