Unit 5 Now and Then（知识清单）英语新教材北师大版七年级下册

Unit 5 Now and Then 话题 词汇 1. convenient2. remember 3. different 4. interview5. celebrate6. experience7. speech 8. unforgettable9. amazed10. support11. nervous12. surprise13. lose14. confidence 15. encourage16. enough17. advice18. competition19. disappointed 短语 1. be close to2. introduce...to3. be afraid of4. pay attention5. be in trouble6. give up 7. look up8. be friendly to sb.9. get on well with sb.10. stop doing11. do well in 12. have lots of trouble with sth./(in) doing sth.13. make mistakes14. worry about sth. 15. be full of16. be different from17. pay...for...18. spend...(in) doing sth./on sth. 句型 1. I still remember my first day at school. 2. Everything seemed so new and exciting to me. 3. We used to sit in rows and listen to the teacher. 4. There are more extracurricular activities to choose from. 5. I feel more confident in myself now. 6. I used to be afraid of speaking in front of the class. 7. But now, I enjoy giving presentations and sharing my ideas. 8. I feel proud of how much our town has grown. 9. I have learned a lot since I started junior high, and I'm grateful for every experience. 10. I know I'll continue to grow and change as I move through school and life. 11. I'm looking forward to seeing what the future holds for me. 12. Now and then, I think back on those days and smile. 语法 一般过去时 写作 描述过去发生的事 考点1 lose的用法 用法分析 lose意为“丢失，失去”，过去式lost。 When did you lose your book？你什么时候丢的书？ 考点拓展 lose还用于“迷路，比赛或战斗中输了、失败了”等意义。 固定搭配get lost迷路，相当于 be lost/lose one’s way lose oneself迷失自己。 The girl was lost and she couldn’t find her house.那个女孩迷路了，找不到家了。 If you keep to the main road, you won’t get lost.假如你沿着主路走，就不会迷路。 根据汉语意思完成句子 如果你去一个大城市，很容易迷路。 It’s easy to get if you go to a big city. 考点2 seem的用法 用法分析 “seem to be+名词形容词”意为“看起来……，好像……”。 艾丽斯看上去是一个非常聪明的女孩。Alice seems to be a very clever girl. 考点拓展 seem句型透视 （1）Sb. +seem（s）（+to be）+表语.“某人似乎/看上去……” His father seems（to be）a kind man.他父亲看上去像个和善的人。 （2）Sb. +seem（s）to do sth某人好像/似乎做某事。 Tom seems to know everything.汤姆好像什么都知道。 （3）Sb. +seem（s）十不定式。 =It seems that sb.…“某人似乎/看上去……”。 It seems that she is sleeping. =She seems to be sleeping.她好像在睡觉。 （4）It seems +that从句.“似乎……；看起来好像……”。 It seems that his temperature is all right.他的体温似乎正常。 -There are dark clouds, and the wind is blowing strongly. -It that a typhoon（台风）is coming. A. feels B. sounds C. seems D. looks 考点3 excited的用法 用法分析 excited为形容词，意为“兴奋的，激动的，感到兴奋的”。常用结构：be excited about. 对……感到激动。 We are very excited to hear of your success.听说你们的成功，我们非常兴奋。 考点拓展（1）exciting意为“令人兴奋的”，用于形容感情方面影响他人的人或事，主语一般是物，在句中做表语或定语。 The news is so exciting that we can’t go to sleep.这个消息让我们兴奋得无法入睡。 （2）excited意为“兴奋的”，多指人受到事物的影响，主语一般是人。 Everybody was excited by the news of victory.每个人都为这胜利的消息而激动。 注意 与exciting, excited用法相似的常见词有：bored厌倦的→boring无趣的，relaxed放松的→relexing令人放松的。 What news！We’ve never had such a long vacation before. A. missing B. boring C. worrying D. exciting 考点4 choose的用法 用法分析 choose动词“选择；挑选”，其过去式为chose，过去分词为chosen。 我想给我的朋友选一件漂亮的礼物。I want to choose a nice gift for my friend. 考点拓展 choose的名词形式choice表示“选择；抉择”，是中考易考点。 固定搭配 make a choice 做选择；have no choice but to do 除了做……别无选择。 I had no choice but to wait.除了等，我没有别的选择。 -We missed the last bus. What should we do？ -I’m afraid we have no but to take a taxi. A. decision B. reason C. choice D. chance 考点5 remember的用法 用法分析 remember动词“记住；记起”，后跟名词、代词或名词性从句。反义词：forget忘记。 我记不起来我在什么地方见过她。I don't remember where I met her. 我现在想不起来他的地址了。I can't remember his address now. 考点辨析 remember doing sth., remember to do sth. remember doing sth. 记得（已经）做过某事，表示事情已经做了。 remember to do sth. 记住要去做某事，表示事情还没做。 I remember posting the letter for her.我记得已经替她把信寄了。 Remember to post the letter for her.记住替她寄这封信。 I remembered putting the keys in the bag.我记得把钥匙放在包里了。 特殊考点 与remember用法类似的结构：forget doing sth.忘记曾经做过某事（动作已发生），forget to do sth.忘记要做某事（动作没发生）。stop doing sth.停止正在做的事，stop to do sth.停下正在做的事去做另外一件事。 —Don't forget to take medicine,Tony.托尼，不要忘了吃药。 —Mum,I remembered taking it after lunch.妈妈，我记得午饭后吃过药了。 Remember some fruit when you come back. A.buying B.to buy C.buy 考点6 afraid的用法 用法分析 afraid做形容词，表示“害怕的；畏惧的”。 含 afraid的短语 be afraid to do sth. 害怕/不敢去做某事 be afraid of sb./sth. 害怕某人或某事 be afraid of doing sth. 害怕/担心做某事 The girl is afraid to go out at night.这位女孩害怕晚上出去。 Are you afraid of snakes？你害怕蛇吗？ Don't be afraid of making mistakes.别害怕出错。 考点拓展（1）I'm afraid not.意为“我恐怕不能”，是拒绝邀请的委婉表达。I'm afraid so.恐怕是这样的，表示肯定。 —Can you come tonight？今晚你能来吗？—I'm afraid not.恐怕不能。 —Is it going to rain tomorrow？明天会下雨吗？—I'm afraid so.恐怕要下雨。 （2）be afraid+that从句，表示“担心……；恐怕……” He is afraid that she will not come.他担心她不会来。 —Would you like to watch the movie Dangal（《摔跤吧，爸爸》） after school？ — .I have to look after my sister. A.Enjoy yourself B.No problem C.I'm afraid not D.It takes no time 考点7 experience的用法 用法分析 experience 名词 经历 可数名词 经验 不可数名词 动词 经历，体验 请你告诉我们你在美国的经历。Please tell us your experiences in America. 这位老师有许多教学经验。The teacher has a lot of teaching experience. 我在这次旅途中经历了很多事情。I experienced many things on the trip. –I don't know how to use the APP Fun Dubbing. -Ask Jimmy for help. He has lots of in doing it. A. experience B. trouble C. courage 考点8. continue的用法 用法分析 本句中的continue为不及物动词，意为“持续；继续存在”，相当于go on，后接宾语时常和介词with连用。此外，continue还可做及物动词。 She continued along the path until she came to the river.她沿着小路一直走到河边。 continue的用法 continue doing sth.继续做某事（原来的事情） continue to do sth.继续做某事（指做另一件事） continue with sth.继续做某事 他晚餐后继续写作。He continued writing after dinner. 读完语文后，让我们继续读英语吧。After reading Chinese, let’s continue to read English. 我们要继续做我们的工作。We’ll continue with our work. 考点9 look forward to的用法 用法分析 look forward to意为“盼望，期待”，其中to为介词，后接名词/代词/动名词做宾语，即look forward to sth./doing sth.。 老板期待很快见到你们。The boss is looking forward to seeing you soon. 他们盼望着好工作。They are looking forward to good jobs. 固定搭配 to为介词的短语： be/get/become used to习惯于 compare...to...把……比作…… reply to回答 prefer...to...比起……更喜欢…… happen to...发生了…… be close to几乎；将近 pay a visit to参观…… the key to……的答案 on one's way to在某人去某处的路上 be similar to和……相似 according to根据 Jane is my new pen pal. I often look forward to her e-mail. A. receive B. receives C. receiving D. received 考点10. start的用法 用法分析 start做动词“开始”。 start doing/to do sth.开始做某事。start doing指谈及一项长期活动或开始一种习惯。to start with意为“首先；第一”。 春天，树变绿了，花儿开始盛开。In spring,the trees turn green and the flowers start to come out. 开始写作之前先拟提纲。Make an outline before you start writing. 注意 start与begin是同义词，一般可以互换，都可以跟不定式和动词-ing，区别不大，当主语是物而不是人时，start,begin之后只能跟不定式。 The leaves began to turn yellow.树叶开始变黄。 考点11.celebrate的用法 用法分析 celebrate动词，意为“庆祝；庆贺”。 他们在庆祝汤姆的生日。They are celebrating Tom’s birthday. 考点拓展 celebration名词，意为“庆祝；庆祝会”。 考点12. full的用法 用法分析full adj.忙的，满的，饱的；表示“忙的”相当于busy。be full of 充满……的，相当于be filled with。 篮子里装满了各种各样的水果。The basket is full of kinds of fruits. =The basket is filled with kinds of fruits. 考点拓展 fill v.装满；充满。fill...with...用……装满……。 中考链接 根据汉语意思完成句子 人们对未来美好生活充满希望。 People are full of hope for the beautiful life in the future. 考点13.close to的用法 用法分析 close to意为“靠近…；在……旁边”，相当于next to/beside /by等。 公共汽车站离我家很近。The bus stop is close to my house. 考点拓展 close形容词“亲密的，紧密的”，close动词“关”，反义词为open。 注意 closed“关着的”，是close的形容词词性或动词的过去式。 -Where is Shenzhen Concert Hall？ How can we get there？ -It is close to the bookshop.（同义替换） A. behind B. opposite C. near 考点14. famous的用法 用法分析 famous是形容词，意为“著名的；出名的”，在句中做定语和表语。 “famous”各不同 be famous for因……而闻名/著名 for后的宾语是主语本身所固有的东西 be famous as作为……而出名，以……（身份）而闻名 as后跟表示身份或职业的名词 她是一个著名的演员。She is a famous actress. 这个地区以绿茶而出名。The area is famous for its green tea. 爱因斯坦作为一位伟大的科学家而闻名。Einstein was famous as a great scientist. 注意 be famous for 相当于be well-known for。be famous as 相当于be well-known as。 Stephen Hawking was famous a scientist, he made a great contribution to the world, and he died ______ March 14th，2018. A. for；on B. as；in C. as；on 考点15.辨析 spend，take，pay，cost “花费”各不同 spend的主语为人 spent...（in）doing sth.做某事花费时间、 金钱,spent...on sth.在…….花费时间、金钱 take用形式主语it It takes sb. some time to do sth.某人花费一些时间去做某事。 pay的主语为人 sb+ pay + some money + for sth. 某人为某物花费金钱 cost的主语为物 sth. cost sb. some money某物花了某人多少钱 I usually spend an hour （in）reading English every morning.每天早上我通常花1小时时间读英语。 It takes me ten minutes to go to school by bus.我上学乘公共汽车需要花费10分钟。 I have paid much money for the computer.我买这台电脑花了很多钱。 The watch cost me 300 yuan.我花了300元买了这块手表。 -Have you finished your homework, Sue？ -Yes. It me an hour to do it. A. spent B. took C. cost z D. paid 考点16.expensive的用法 用法分析 expensive形容词，意为“昂贵的，高价的”。比较级为more expensive，最高级为most expensive。反义词为cheap。 This is an expensive hat.这是一顶昂贵的帽子。 特殊考点 当表示某物贵或便宜时用“物+be十expensive /cheap/inexpensive，the price of+物十be+high/low”，即物的贵、贱一般用expensive cheap表示，价格的高、低常用high/low表示。 That computer is a little more expensive.那台电脑稍微贵了一点。 The price of the coat is too high.这件外套的价格太高了。 He is always complaining about high prices.他老是抱怨物价太高。 -Do you like this new kind of mobile phone, madam？ -Yes. But it's too , and I can't afford it. A. popular B. lovely C. cheap D. expensive 考点17.advice的用法 用法分析 advice不可数名词，意为“劝告；建议”。 格林夫人给了我们一些怎样学好英语的建议。Mrs. Green gave us some advice on how to learn English well. 固定搭配 a piece of advice一条建议、忠告；take/follow one's advice接受/听从/采纳某人的建议； ask for sb.'s advice征求某人的意见；give sb. some advice给某人一些建议。 Let me give you a piece of advice.让我给你一个忠告。 Please take your teacher's advice.请听你的老师的劝告吧。 考点辨析 advice，suggestion advice 不可数名词 指带有指教性的“意见”或“劝告”。 suggestion 可数名词 指为改进工作或解决困难等而提出的“意见”或“建议”，语气较为委婉。 I'll ask my teacher for advice when I have difficulty in doing something.每当我做事遇到困难时，我就向老师征求建议。 Father's suggestions are great valuable for me.爸爸的建议对我来说很有价值。 考点拓展 advice n.→advise v.忠告；建议。advise sb.to do sth.建议某人做某事；advise sb. not to do sth.建议某人不做某事。advise doing sth.建议做某事。 He advised me to stop smoking.他建议我戒烟。 I advise waiting till the right time.我建议一直等到适当的时候。 Evans had a sore throat. His friend advised him some hot water. A. drinking B. to drink C. drink D. drank 考点18.have problems with的用法 用法分析 have problems with...表示“在……方面有困难”，相当于have problems/difficulty（in）doing sth.。类似表达have trouble（in）doing sth.表示“做某事有困难、费劲”。 现在买电脑我有好多困难。I have a lot of problems in buying a computer now. 我认她的笔迹感到有些困难。I have some trouble in reading her handwriting. -I'm Daisy, not Jessie. -Sorry, I have difficulty people's names. A. remembering B. remember C. to remember D. remembered 考点19.give up的用法 用法分析 give up意为“放弃”，后接名词/代词/动词-ing形式，接代词做宾语时，要把代词放在give和up之间。 这个问题太难。我要放弃它。This question is too difficult. I shall give it up. 考点拓展 由“动词+up”构成的常见短语 put up举起，张贴 dress up穿上（盛装） set up设立，建起 get up起床 stay up熬夜 lookup查阅，向上看 wake up叫醒，醒来 pick up捡起 take up占据，开始做 show up出现，露面 grow up长大 cheer up振作起来 Everyone should litter whenever he sees it on the playground. A. give up B. mix up C. pick up D. use up 考点20.辨析 laugh, smile laugh 指出声地“笑”，表示“嘲笑……”时，后面应接介词at。 We all laughed loudly when she told a joke. 她说了个笑话，我们都大声笑起来。 It's impolite to laugh at other people's mistakes. 嘲笑别人的错误是不礼貌的。 smile 指面部流露出喜悦的表情，意为“微笑”。表示“对……微笑”时，其后应接介词to/at She smiled at him and he smiled back. 她冲他微笑，他也冲她微笑 I look stupid with this haircut. All my classmates will me. A. laugh at B. agree with C. depend on D. worry about 考点21.brave的用法 用法分析 brave为形容词，意为“勇敢的；无畏的”，在句中可用作定语或表语，常用于短语 be brave to do sth. 中，意为“敢于做某事”。 不入虎穴，焉得虎子。 Nothing brave, nothing have. 他是一个勇敢的男孩。 He is brave boy. 考点拓展 brave vt. 勇敢地面对；n. 勇士。 他不敢面对他的老师，因为他犯了一些错误。 He can't brave his teacher because he made some mistakes. Jane has become much than before. She can express herself in public now. A. brave B. braver C. Lazy D. lazier 考点22.introduce的用法 用法分析 introduce为及物动词，意为“介绍；引见”。 他把他的妹妹介绍给我们大家。He introduced his sister to us all. 固定搭配（1）introduce sb. to sb. 向某人介绍某人。 我可以把王先生介绍给你吗？May introduce Mr. Wang to you? （2）introduce oneself自我介绍。 让我自我介绍一下。Let me introduce myself. （3）introduce oneself to sb. 向某人做自我介绍。 请允许我向你们做自我介绍。Permit me to introduce myself to you. （4）introduce...into...把……传入/引入……。 考点23. encourage的用法 用法分析 encourage为及物动词，意为“鼓励”，常用于以下两种结构： encourage sb. to do sth. 鼓励某人做某事 encourage sb. in sth. 在某方面鼓励某人 我想要感谢每一位鼓励过我的人。I want to thank everyone who has encouraged me. 老师鼓励我再试一次。The teacher encouraged me to try it again. 我父母对我成为医生的抱负给予了鼓励。My parents encourage me in my ambition to be a doctor. 考点24.forget的用法 用法分析 forget为动词“忘记”，后接名词、代词、不定式或动词-ing形式做宾语， forget的反义词为remember。 我忘了他的名字。I forget his name. 考点拓展 forget to do sth.表示忘记应该要去做的事，侧重于“事情未做，忘记去做”， forget doing sth.表示忘记过去做过的事，侧重于“事情已做，但忘记了”。 Don't forget to post the letter.别忘了去寄信。 I'll never forget meeting my teacher for the first time.我永远忘不了和老师初次见面的情景。 考点辨析leave, forget leave 意为“遗忘某物”，常与地点状语连用。 forget 意为“忘记”，忘记做某事或忘记某物，不与地点状语连用。 I forgot my umbrella.I left my umbrella at home.我忘记带伞了。我把伞忘在家里了。 Don't forget the windows before you leave. A.to close B.closing C.closed 考点25.in front of的用法 用法分析 in front of是复合介词，意为“在……前面”，指在某物体外的前面。 房子的前面有一些树。There are some trees in front of the house. 考点辨析 in front of,in the front of,before in front of 表示“在……前面”，是某一物体外的前面，其反义词为behind。 in the front of 指在某一物体内部的前面，其反义短语是 at the back of。 before 意为“在……之前”，表示在某段时间之前或某一事件之前，可做介词、副词、连词；也可以表示“在……面前”。 There is a car in front of the bus.在公共汽车前面有一辆小轿车。 They are sitting in the front of the bus.他们在公交车的前面坐着。 Close the window before you leave.在你离开之前关上窗户。 Jim sits behind me,so I sit him . A.at the end of B.in front of C.in the middle of 考点26.enjoy的用法 用法分析 enjoy表示“享受……的乐趣，欣赏，喜爱”，后接名词/反身代词/动名词，不可接动词不定式。 enjoy doing sth.喜欢做某事；enjoy oneself玩得高兴，过得愉快。 我爸爸喜欢钓鱼。My father enjoys fishing. 你在宴会上玩得愉快吗？Did you enjoy yourself at the party？ 特殊考点 后接 doing做宾语的动词 enjoy,finish,practice,mind,consider. miss 后接 doing做宾语的动词短语 be busy,look forward to, be used to,can't help,give up,feel like,keep on Can you finish reading the book in three days？你能在三天内读完这本书吗？ Some people enjoy out their messages in bottles when they travel on the sea. A. to send B.send C.sending D.sent 考点27.surprise的用法 用法分析 surprise做名词，意为“惊奇诧异”；做及物动词，意为“使人惊奇，使感到意外”。 to one's surprise使某人感到惊讶的是；in surprise惊讶地，惊奇地（修饰谓语）。 使我惊讶的是，他们输了！To my surprise,they lost！ 你真使我惊讶。You surprise me. 那两个女孩惊奇地看着对方。The two girls looked at each other in surprise. 考点拓展（1）surprised感到吃惊的。be surprised to do sth.表示“对做某事感到惊讶”；be surprised at sth.表示“对某事感到惊讶”。以上结构都是人做主语。 He was surprised to find the girl was blind.他惊讶地发现这个女孩是个盲人。 I was surprised at seeing him there.在那里看见他，我感到很惊讶。 （2）surprising表示某物或某事本身令人惊讶，物做主语或 surprising在句中做定语。 They were surprised to hear the surprising news.听到这个令人惊奇的消息，他们很吃惊。 —How was your life in England？ —Quite different from here. , people there drink tea with milk. A.In my opinion B.To my surprise C.At the beginning 1． 语法精讲 一般过去时（一） 一、基本用法 1.一般过去时的意义 一般过去时表示过去某个时间发生的动作或存在的状态，也表示过去经常或反复发生的动作。构成形式：主语+was/were+其他.；主语+实义动词的过去式+其他.。 We were very busy last week.上周我们很忙。 I saw him in the street yesterday.昨天我在街上看见他了。 2.谓语动词是be的情况 was是am和is的过去式，were是are的过去式，所以be动词的过去式有人称和数的变化。 肯定句：主语+was/were+表语+其他成分. 否定句：主语+was/were+not+表语+其他成分. 一般疑问句：Was/Were+主语+表语+其他成分？ 肯定回答：Yes,主语+was/were. 否定回答：No,主语+wasn't/weren't. 特殊疑问句：特殊疑问词+was/were+主语+表语（+其他成分）？ I was late yesterday.昨天我迟到了。 When were you born？你是什么时候出生的？ —Were you at home yesterday morning？昨天上午你在家吗？ —Yes,I was./No,I wasn't.是的，我在。/不，我不在。 3.谓语动词是实义动词的情况 肯定句：主语+动词的过去式+其他. 否定句：主语+ did not/didn't+动词原形+其他. 一般疑问句：Did+主语+动词原形+其他？ 肯定回答：Yes，主语+did. 否定回答：No，主语+didn't. 特殊疑问句：特殊疑问词+did+主语+动词原形+其他？ I had a good time yesterday evening.我昨天晚上玩得很开心。 We didn't clean our classroom this afternoon. 今天下午我们没有打扫教室。 —Did you clean your bedroom last Sunday？上个星期天你打扫卧室了吗？ Yes,I did.是的，我打扫了。/No,I didn't.不，我没打扫。 How did kids spend the weekend？孩子们怎样过周末？ 二、特殊用法 一般过去时常用的标志词： 1. yesterday及其构成的短语，如：yesterday morning/ afternoon昨天上午/下午等。 2.由“时间段+ago”构成的短语以及由“last+表时间的名词”构成的短语，如：five days ago五天前，last week上周。 3.由 before构成的介词短语，如：the day before yesterday前天，just now刚才， once upon a time从前,then那时等。 4.in/on+过去的时间，如：in 1999在1999年，on the morning of last Sunday在上个星期天的早晨。 My family went to Beijing Zoo last week.我全家上周去了北京动物园。 The little girl was at school three days ago.这个小女孩三天前在学校。 We visited the Great Wall the day before yesterday.前天我们参观了长城。 三、难点突破 1. there is,there are的过去式分别是 there was,there were，表示“过去某地有某物”。 There was a car under the tree a moment ago.刚才这棵树下有一辆小轿车。 Were there any new teachers in your school last year？去年你们学校有新来的老师吗？ 2.句子中虽然有一般现在时的标志词 every day,sometimes,often,always等，但是句子中有过去的时间状语时，要用一般过去时。 We often went skating last winter.去年冬天我们经常去滑冰。 She always arrived late for class last week.上周她总是上课迟到。 3.在主从复合句中，如果主句用了过去时，从句中一般也要用过去的某一种时态（目前只学一般过去时，以后还学习过去进行时、过去完成时等）。 I thought that he was right.我认为他是对的。 I didn't know you were here.我不知道你在这儿。 I.用所给词的适当形式填空 1. His dog （be） here a moment ago. 2.I （call） my mother this morning,but she didn't answer . 3.My daughter and son （be）in Beijing last week. 4.—Why （be）the boy late for school this morning？ —Because he （have） breakfast late. 5.There （are）some cars on the street yesterday. Ⅱ.单项填空 6.—Where were you last Saturday？ —I______in the Capital Museum. A.am B.will be C.was D.were 7.—Where______he______ volleyball last Sunday？ —On the playground. A.do；play B.are； playing C.did；play D.does；play 8.—______her last vacation great？ —Yes,it was. A.Is B.Are C.Were D.Was 9.—How was your school trip？ —Pretty good！I______ the science museum with my classmates. A.visit B.visited C.am visiting D.will visit 10.—What did you do last night？ —I______TV and read books. A.watch B.watched C.will watch D.watches 11.—when______ you______ the bike？ —Last month. A.have；bought B.had；bought C.do；buy D.did；buy 12.When he______ young,there______ not so much food for him. A.is；is B.was；was C.is；was D.was；is 13.I______at home yesterday evening. And I______ for the science test. A.stay；study B.stayed；studied C.stayed；studies D.stays；studies 14.They stopped here because they______ the way to the station. A.didn't know B.don't know C.will know D aren't know 15.—Was there a park in the city five years ago？ —No,______. A.there isn't B.there aren't C.there was D.there wasn't 二．写作精讲 　描述过去的经历 本单元的话题是“过去和现在”，与单元话题相关的写作内容常常是运用一般过去时来谈论过去的事情。写这类文章先交代时间、地点、人物，然后叙述事件经过（旅游活动），最后抒发感想。可以借助时间的先后顺序来使行文条理更清晰。如何写好这类文章，主要需要掌握以下词汇和句型句式： ※常用的词汇 Went去，visited参观，learned学习， played玩， cleaned打扫， cooked做饭， bought买，watched观看，exciting兴奋的，friendly友好的，tired疲劳的，happy高兴的， arrived at/go to到达，went for a walk散步，took photos拍照，had a good time玩得开心，过得愉快 ※常用的句型句式 It takes/took sb.some time to do sth.某人花费多少时间做某事。 We/were/was glad to...我们/我很高兴去…… We had a great time.我们过得很高兴。 We were tired,but…我们很累，但是…… What a happy day it was！多么快乐的一天啊！ ※常用开头结尾句 Last weekend,I went...上个周末，我去了…… Today we went on a school trip.今天我们进行了一次学校旅行。 I went to...我去了…… Last summer/Sunday,went to...去年夏天/上周日，我去了…… Today my friends and I went to...今天我和我的朋友们去了…… We were very tired but happy.我们很累，但是很高兴。 We were tired but we had a wonderful time.我们很累，但过得很愉快。 All in all,it was an exciting trip.总之，这是一次令人兴奋的旅行。 We had fun in...我们在……过得很快乐。 经典试题 假设你是李峰，上周末你参加了一次学校旅行（school trip）。请根据下面表格中的提示信息写一篇题为“A Pleasant School Trip”的英语短文。 时间 上周末 参与者 你和同学 地点 北山公园（the North Hill Park） 活动 骑自行车、爬山、野餐、做游戏、拍照…… 感受 …… 要求： 1.根据表格中的信息叙述，可适当增减内容； 2.60词左右。 参考词汇：climb the hill爬山；have a picnic野餐 ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________________________ 假如你是学校报社的小记者，上周你对学校周边的社区进行了一次调查。请你根据调查结 果，写一篇短文向校报投稿，介绍社区的一些基本情况和存在的问题，并提出你的建议。内容 包括： 1.基本情况（社区有超市、公园等设施；居民很友好 … … ）； 2.存在问题（部分区域卫生差，地上有垃圾 … … ）； 3.你的建议。 写作要求：1.可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯； 2.文中不得出现真实姓名和学校名称； 3.词数 80 左右（开头与结尾已给出，不计入总词数）。 ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________________________ 1 / 14 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ Unit 5 Now and Then 话题 词汇 1. convenient2. remember 3. different 4. interview5. celebrate6. experience7. speech 8. unforgettable9. amazed10. support11. nervous12. surprise13. lose14. confidence 15. encourage16. enough17. advice18. competition19. disappointed 短语 1. be close to2. introduce...to3. be afraid of4. pay attention5. be in trouble6. give up 7. look up8. be friendly to sb.9. get on well with sb.10. stop doing11. do well in 12. have lots of trouble with sth./(in) doing sth.13. make mistakes14. worry about sth. 15. be full of16. be different from17. pay...for...18. spend...(in) doing sth./on sth. 句型 1. I still remember my first day at school. 2. Everything seemed so new and exciting to me. 3. We used to sit in rows and listen to the teacher. 4. There are more extracurricular activities to choose from. 5. I feel more confident in myself now. 6. I used to be afraid of speaking in front of the class. 7. But now, I enjoy giving presentations and sharing my ideas. 8. I feel proud of how much our town has grown. 9. I have learned a lot since I started junior high, and I'm grateful for every experience. 10. I know I'll continue to grow and change as I move through school and life. 11. I'm looking forward to seeing what the future holds for me. 12. Now and then, I think back on those days and smile. 语法 一般过去时 写作 描述过去发生的事 考点1 lose的用法 用法分析 lose意为“丢失，失去”，过去式lost。 When did you lose your book？你什么时候丢的书？ 考点拓展 lose还用于“迷路，比赛或战斗中输了、失败了”等意义。 固定搭配get lost迷路，相当于 be lost/lose one’s way lose oneself迷失自己。 The girl was lost and she couldn’t find her house.那个女孩迷路了，找不到家了。 If you keep to the main road, you won’t get lost.假如你沿着主路走，就不会迷路。 根据汉语意思完成句子 如果你去一个大城市，很容易迷路。 It’s easy to get lost/lose your way if you go to a big city. 考点2 seem的用法 用法分析 “seem to be+名词形容词”意为“看起来……，好像……”。 艾丽斯看上去是一个非常聪明的女孩。Alice seems to be a very clever girl. 考点拓展 seem句型透视 （1）Sb. +seem（s）（+to be）+表语.“某人似乎/看上去……” His father seems（to be）a kind man.他父亲看上去像个和善的人。 （2）Sb. +seem（s）to do sth某人好像/似乎做某事。 Tom seems to know everything.汤姆好像什么都知道。 （3）Sb. +seem（s）十不定式。 =It seems that sb.…“某人似乎/看上去……”。 It seems that she is sleeping. =She seems to be sleeping.她好像在睡觉。 （4）It seems +that从句.“似乎……；看起来好像……”。 It seems that his temperature is all right.他的体温似乎正常。 -There are dark clouds, and the wind is blowing strongly. -It ___C___ that a typhoon（台风）is coming. A. feels B. sounds C. seems D. looks 考点3 excited的用法 用法分析 excited为形容词，意为“兴奋的，激动的，感到兴奋的”。常用结构：be excited about. 对……感到激动。 We are very excited to hear of your success.听说你们的成功，我们非常兴奋。 考点拓展（1）exciting意为“令人兴奋的”，用于形容感情方面影响他人的人或事，主语一般是物，在句中做表语或定语。 The news is so exciting that we can’t go to sleep.这个消息让我们兴奋得无法入睡。 （2）excited意为“兴奋的”，多指人受到事物的影响，主语一般是人。 Everybody was excited by the news of victory.每个人都为这胜利的消息而激动。 注意 与exciting, excited用法相似的常见词有：bored厌倦的→boring无趣的，relaxed放松的→relexing令人放松的。 What ___D___ news！We’ve never had such a long vacation before. A. missing B. boring C. worrying D. exciting 考点4 choose的用法 用法分析 choose动词“选择；挑选”，其过去式为chose，过去分词为chosen。 我想给我的朋友选一件漂亮的礼物。I want to choose a nice gift for my friend. 考点拓展 choose的名词形式choice表示“选择；抉择”，是中考易考点。 固定搭配 make a choice 做选择；have no choice but to do 除了做……别无选择。 I had no choice but to wait.除了等，我没有别的选择。 -We missed the last bus. What should we do？ -I’m afraid we have no ___C___ but to take a taxi. A. decision B. reason C. choice D. chance 考点5 remember的用法 用法分析 remember动词“记住；记起”，后跟名词、代词或名词性从句。反义词：forget忘记。 我记不起来我在什么地方见过她。I don't remember where I met her. 我现在想不起来他的地址了。I can't remember his address now. 考点辨析 remember doing sth., remember to do sth. remember doing sth. 记得（已经）做过某事，表示事情已经做了。 remember to do sth. 记住要去做某事，表示事情还没做。 I remember posting the letter for her.我记得已经替她把信寄了。 Remember to post the letter for her.记住替她寄这封信。 I remembered putting the keys in the bag.我记得把钥匙放在包里了。 特殊考点 与remember用法类似的结构：forget doing sth.忘记曾经做过某事（动作已发生），forget to do sth.忘记要做某事（动作没发生）。stop doing sth.停止正在做的事，stop to do sth.停下正在做的事去做另外一件事。 —Don't forget to take medicine,Tony.托尼，不要忘了吃药。 —Mum,I remembered taking it after lunch.妈妈，我记得午饭后吃过药了。 Remember___B___ some fruit when you come back. A.buying B.to buy C.buy 考点6 afraid的用法 用法分析 afraid做形容词，表示“害怕的；畏惧的”。 含 afraid的短语 be afraid to do sth. 害怕/不敢去做某事 be afraid of sb./sth. 害怕某人或某事 be afraid of doing sth. 害怕/担心做某事 The girl is afraid to go out at night.这位女孩害怕晚上出去。 Are you afraid of snakes？你害怕蛇吗？ Don't be afraid of making mistakes.别害怕出错。 考点拓展（1）I'm afraid not.意为“我恐怕不能”，是拒绝邀请的委婉表达。I'm afraid so.恐怕是这样的，表示肯定。 —Can you come tonight？今晚你能来吗？—I'm afraid not.恐怕不能。 —Is it going to rain tomorrow？明天会下雨吗？—I'm afraid so.恐怕要下雨。 （2）be afraid+that从句，表示“担心……；恐怕……” He is afraid that she will not come.他担心她不会来。 —Would you like to watch the movie Dangal（《摔跤吧，爸爸》） after school？ —___C___.I have to look after my sister. A.Enjoy yourself B.No problem C.I'm afraid not D.It takes no time 考点7 experience的用法 用法分析 experience 名词 经历 可数名词 经验 不可数名词 动词 经历，体验 请你告诉我们你在美国的经历。Please tell us your experiences in America. 这位老师有许多教学经验。The teacher has a lot of teaching experience. 我在这次旅途中经历了很多事情。I experienced many things on the trip. –I don't know how to use the APP Fun Dubbing. -Ask Jimmy for help. He has lots of ___A___ in doing it. A. experience B. trouble C. courage 考点8. continue的用法 用法分析 本句中的continue为不及物动词，意为“持续；继续存在”，相当于go on，后接宾语时常和介词with连用。此外，continue还可做及物动词。 She continued along the path until she came to the river.她沿着小路一直走到河边。 continue的用法 continue doing sth.继续做某事（原来的事情） continue to do sth.继续做某事（指做另一件事） continue with sth.继续做某事 他晚餐后继续写作。He continued writing after dinner. 读完语文后，让我们继续读英语吧。After reading Chinese, let’s continue to read English. 我们要继续做我们的工作。We’ll continue with our work. 考点9 look forward to的用法 用法分析 look forward to意为“盼望，期待”，其中to为介词，后接名词/代词/动名词做宾语，即look forward to sth./doing sth.。 老板期待很快见到你们。The boss is looking forward to seeing you soon. 他们盼望着好工作。They are looking forward to good jobs. 固定搭配 to为介词的短语： be/get/become used to习惯于 compare...to...把……比作…… reply to回答 prefer...to...比起……更喜欢…… happen to...发生了…… be close to几乎；将近 pay a visit to参观…… the key to……的答案 on one's way to在某人去某处的路上 be similar to和……相似 according to根据 Jane is my new pen pal. I often look forward to ___C___ her e-mail. A. receive B. receives C. receiving D. received 考点10. start的用法 用法分析 start做动词“开始”。 start doing/to do sth.开始做某事。start doing指谈及一项长期活动或开始一种习惯。to start with意为“首先；第一”。 春天，树变绿了，花儿开始盛开。In spring,the trees turn green and the flowers start to come out. 开始写作之前先拟提纲。Make an outline before you start writing. 注意 start与begin是同义词，一般可以互换，都可以跟不定式和动词-ing，区别不大，当主语是物而不是人时，start,begin之后只能跟不定式。 The leaves began to turn yellow.树叶开始变黄。 考点11.celebrate的用法 用法分析 celebrate动词，意为“庆祝；庆贺”。 他们在庆祝汤姆的生日。They are celebrating Tom’s birthday. 考点拓展 celebration名词，意为“庆祝；庆祝会”。 考点12. full的用法 用法分析full adj.忙的，满的，饱的；表示“忙的”相当于busy。be full of 充满……的，相当于be filled with。 篮子里装满了各种各样的水果。The basket is full of kinds of fruits. =The basket is filled with kinds of fruits. 考点拓展 fill v.装满；充满。fill...with...用……装满……。 中考链接 根据汉语意思完成句子 人们对未来美好生活充满希望。 People are full of hope for the beautiful life in the future. 考点13.close to的用法 用法分析 close to意为“靠近…；在……旁边”，相当于next to/beside /by等。 公共汽车站离我家很近。The bus stop is close to my house. 考点拓展 close形容词“亲密的，紧密的”，close动词“关”，反义词为open。 注意 closed“关着的”，是close的形容词词性或动词的过去式。 -Where is Shenzhen Concert Hall？ How can we get there？ -It is close to the bookshop.（同义替换）C A. behind B. opposite C. near 考点14. famous的用法 用法分析 famous是形容词，意为“著名的；出名的”，在句中做定语和表语。 “famous”各不同 be famous for因……而闻名/著名 for后的宾语是主语本身所固有的东西 be famous as作为……而出名，以……（身份）而闻名 as后跟表示身份或职业的名词 她是一个著名的演员。She is a famous actress. 这个地区以绿茶而出名。The area is famous for its green tea. 爱因斯坦作为一位伟大的科学家而闻名。Einstein was famous as a great scientist. 注意 be famous for 相当于be well-known for。be famous as 相当于be well-known as。 Stephen Hawking was famous ___C___ a scientist, he made a great contribution to the world, and he died ______ March 14th，2018. A. for；on B. as；in C. as；on 考点15.辨析 spend，take，pay，cost “花费”各不同 spend的主语为人 spent...（in）doing sth.做某事花费时间、 金钱,spent...on sth.在…….花费时间、金钱 take用形式主语it It takes sb. some time to do sth.某人花费一些时间去做某事。 pay的主语为人 sb+ pay + some money + for sth. 某人为某物花费金钱 cost的主语为物 sth. cost sb. some money某物花了某人多少钱 I usually spend an hour （in）reading English every morning.每天早上我通常花1小时时间读英语。 It takes me ten minutes to go to school by bus.我上学乘公共汽车需要花费10分钟。 I have paid much money for the computer.我买这台电脑花了很多钱。 The watch cost me 300 yuan.我花了300元买了这块手表。 -Have you finished your homework, Sue？ -Yes. It ____B__ me an hour to do it. A. spent B. took C. cost z D. paid 考点16.expensive的用法 用法分析 expensive形容词，意为“昂贵的，高价的”。比较级为more expensive，最高级为most expensive。反义词为cheap。 This is an expensive hat.这是一顶昂贵的帽子。 特殊考点 当表示某物贵或便宜时用“物+be十expensive /cheap/inexpensive，the price of+物十be+high/low”，即物的贵、贱一般用expensive cheap表示，价格的高、低常用high/low表示。 That computer is a little more expensive.那台电脑稍微贵了一点。 The price of the coat is too high.这件外套的价格太高了。 He is always complaining about high prices.他老是抱怨物价太高。 -Do you like this new kind of mobile phone, madam？ -Yes. But it's too ___D___ , and I can't afford it. A. popular B. lovely C. cheap D. expensive 考点17.advice的用法 用法分析 advice不可数名词，意为“劝告；建议”。 格林夫人给了我们一些怎样学好英语的建议。Mrs. Green gave us some advice on how to learn English well. 固定搭配 a piece of advice一条建议、忠告；take/follow one's advice接受/听从/采纳某人的建议； ask for sb.'s advice征求某人的意见；give sb. some advice给某人一些建议。 Let me give you a piece of advice.让我给你一个忠告。 Please take your teacher's advice.请听你的老师的劝告吧。 考点辨析 advice，suggestion advice 不可数名词 指带有指教性的“意见”或“劝告”。 suggestion 可数名词 指为改进工作或解决困难等而提出的“意见”或“建议”，语气较为委婉。 I'll ask my teacher for advice when I have difficulty in doing something.每当我做事遇到困难时，我就向老师征求建议。 Father's suggestions are great valuable for me.爸爸的建议对我来说很有价值。 考点拓展 advice n.→advise v.忠告；建议。advise sb.to do sth.建议某人做某事；advise sb. not to do sth.建议某人不做某事。advise doing sth.建议做某事。 He advised me to stop smoking.他建议我戒烟。 I advise waiting till the right time.我建议一直等到适当的时候。 Evans had a sore throat. His friend advised him ___B___ some hot water. A. drinking B. to drink C. drink D. drank 考点18.have problems with的用法 用法分析 have problems with...表示“在……方面有困难”，相当于have problems/difficulty（in）doing sth.。类似表达have trouble（in）doing sth.表示“做某事有困难、费劲”。 现在买电脑我有好多困难。I have a lot of problems in buying a computer now. 我认她的笔迹感到有些困难。I have some trouble in reading her handwriting. -I'm Daisy, not Jessie. -Sorry, I have difficulty ___A___ people's names. A. remembering B. remember C. to remember D. remembered 考点19.give up的用法 用法分析 give up意为“放弃”，后接名词/代词/动词-ing形式，接代词做宾语时，要把代词放在give和up之间。 这个问题太难。我要放弃它。This question is too difficult. I shall give it up. 考点拓展 由“动词+up”构成的常见短语 put up举起，张贴 dress up穿上（盛装） set up设立，建起 get up起床 stay up熬夜 lookup查阅，向上看 wake up叫醒，醒来 pick up捡起 take up占据，开始做 show up出现，露面 grow up长大 cheer up振作起来 Everyone should ___C___ litter whenever he sees it on the playground. A. give up B. mix up C. pick up D. use up 考点20.辨析 laugh, smile laugh 指出声地“笑”，表示“嘲笑……”时，后面应接介词at。 We all laughed loudly when she told a joke. 她说了个笑话，我们都大声笑起来。 It's impolite to laugh at other people's mistakes. 嘲笑别人的错误是不礼貌的。 smile 指面部流露出喜悦的表情，意为“微笑”。表示“对……微笑”时，其后应接介词to/at She smiled at him and he smiled back. 她冲他微笑，他也冲她微笑 I look stupid with this haircut. All my classmates will A me. A. laugh at B. agree with C. depend on D. worry about 考点21.brave的用法 用法分析 brave为形容词，意为“勇敢的；无畏的”，在句中可用作定语或表语，常用于短语 be brave to do sth. 中，意为“敢于做某事”。 不入虎穴，焉得虎子。 Nothing brave, nothing have. 他是一个勇敢的男孩。 He is brave boy. 考点拓展 brave vt. 勇敢地面对；n. 勇士。 他不敢面对他的老师，因为他犯了一些错误。 He can't brave his teacher because he made some mistakes. Jane has become much A than before. She can express herself in public now. A. brave B. braver C. Lazy D. lazier 考点22.introduce的用法 用法分析 introduce为及物动词，意为“介绍；引见”。 他把他的妹妹介绍给我们大家。He introduced his sister to us all. 固定搭配（1）introduce sb. to sb. 向某人介绍某人。 我可以把王先生介绍给你吗？May introduce Mr. Wang to you? （2）introduce oneself自我介绍。 让我自我介绍一下。Let me introduce myself. （3）introduce oneself to sb. 向某人做自我介绍。 请允许我向你们做自我介绍。Permit me to introduce myself to you. （4）introduce...into...把……传入/引入……。 考点23. encourage的用法 用法分析 encourage为及物动词，意为“鼓励”，常用于以下两种结构： encourage sb. to do sth. 鼓励某人做某事 encourage sb. in sth. 在某方面鼓励某人 我想要感谢每一位鼓励过我的人。I want to thank everyone who has encouraged me. 老师鼓励我再试一次。The teacher encouraged me to try it again. 我父母对我成为医生的抱负给予了鼓励。My parents encourage me in my ambition to be a doctor. 考点24.forget的用法 用法分析 forget为动词“忘记”，后接名词、代词、不定式或动词-ing形式做宾语， forget的反义词为remember。 我忘了他的名字。I forget his name. 考点拓展 forget to do sth.表示忘记应该要去做的事，侧重于“事情未做，忘记去做”， forget doing sth.表示忘记过去做过的事，侧重于“事情已做，但忘记了”。 Don't forget to post the letter.别忘了去寄信。 I'll never forget meeting my teacher for the first time.我永远忘不了和老师初次见面的情景。 考点辨析leave, forget leave 意为“遗忘某物”，常与地点状语连用。 forget 意为“忘记”，忘记做某事或忘记某物，不与地点状语连用。 I forgot my umbrella.I left my umbrella at home.我忘记带伞了。我把伞忘在家里了。 Don't forget___A___the windows before you leave. A.to close B.closing C.closed 考点25.in front of的用法 用法分析 in front of是复合介词，意为“在……前面”，指在某物体外的前面。 房子的前面有一些树。There are some trees in front of the house. 考点辨析 in front of,in the front of,before in front of 表示“在……前面”，是某一物体外的前面，其反义词为behind。 in the front of 指在某一物体内部的前面，其反义短语是 at the back of。 before 意为“在……之前”，表示在某段时间之前或某一事件之前，可做介词、副词、连词；也可以表示“在……面前”。 There is a car in front of the bus.在公共汽车前面有一辆小轿车。 They are sitting in the front of the bus.他们在公交车的前面坐着。 Close the window before you leave.在你离开之前关上窗户。 Jim sits behind me,so I sit___B___ him . A.at the end of B.in front of C.in the middle of 考点26.enjoy的用法 用法分析 enjoy表示“享受……的乐趣，欣赏，喜爱”，后接名词/反身代词/动名词，不可接动词不定式。 enjoy doing sth.喜欢做某事；enjoy oneself玩得高兴，过得愉快。 我爸爸喜欢钓鱼。My father enjoys fishing. 你在宴会上玩得愉快吗？Did you enjoy yourself at the party？ 特殊考点 后接 doing做宾语的动词 enjoy,finish,practice,mind,consider. miss 后接 doing做宾语的动词短语 be busy,look forward to, be used to,can't help,give up,feel like,keep on Can you finish reading the book in three days？你能在三天内读完这本书吗？ Some people enjoy___C___ out their messages in bottles when they travel on the sea. A. to send B.send C.sending D.sent 考点27.surprise的用法 用法分析 surprise做名词，意为“惊奇诧异”；做及物动词，意为“使人惊奇，使感到意外”。 to one's surprise使某人感到惊讶的是；in surprise惊讶地，惊奇地（修饰谓语）。 使我惊讶的是，他们输了！To my surprise,they lost！ 你真使我惊讶。You surprise me. 那两个女孩惊奇地看着对方。The two girls looked at each other in surprise. 考点拓展（1）surprised感到吃惊的。be surprised to do sth.表示“对做某事感到惊讶”；be surprised at sth.表示“对某事感到惊讶”。以上结构都是人做主语。 He was surprised to find the girl was blind.他惊讶地发现这个女孩是个盲人。 I was surprised at seeing him there.在那里看见他，我感到很惊讶。 （2）surprising表示某物或某事本身令人惊讶，物做主语或 surprising在句中做定语。 They were surprised to hear the surprising news.听到这个令人惊奇的消息，他们很吃惊。 —How was your life in England？ —Quite different from here.___B___, people there drink tea with milk. A.In my opinion B.To my surprise C.At the beginning 1． 语法精讲 一般过去时（一） 一、基本用法 1.一般过去时的意义 一般过去时表示过去某个时间发生的动作或存在的状态，也表示过去经常或反复发生的动作。构成形式：主语+was/were+其他.；主语+实义动词的过去式+其他.。 We were very busy last week.上周我们很忙。 I saw him in the street yesterday.昨天我在街上看见他了。 2.谓语动词是be的情况 was是am和is的过去式，were是are的过去式，所以be动词的过去式有人称和数的变化。 肯定句：主语+was/were+表语+其他成分. 否定句：主语+was/were+not+表语+其他成分. 一般疑问句：Was/Were+主语+表语+其他成分？ 肯定回答：Yes,主语+was/were. 否定回答：No,主语+wasn't/weren't. 特殊疑问句：特殊疑问词+was/were+主语+表语（+其他成分）？ I was late yesterday.昨天我迟到了。 When were you born？你是什么时候出生的？ —Were you at home yesterday morning？昨天上午你在家吗？ —Yes,I was./No,I wasn't.是的，我在。/不，我不在。 3.谓语动词是实义动词的情况 肯定句：主语+动词的过去式+其他. 否定句：主语+ did not/didn't+动词原形+其他. 一般疑问句：Did+主语+动词原形+其他？ 肯定回答：Yes，主语+did. 否定回答：No，主语+didn't. 特殊疑问句：特殊疑问词+did+主语+动词原形+其他？ I had a good time yesterday evening.我昨天晚上玩得很开心。 We didn't clean our classroom this afternoon. 今天下午我们没有打扫教室。 —Did you clean your bedroom last Sunday？上个星期天你打扫卧室了吗？ Yes,I did.是的，我打扫了。/No,I didn't.不，我没打扫。 How did kids spend the weekend？孩子们怎样过周末？ 二、特殊用法 一般过去时常用的标志词： 1. yesterday及其构成的短语，如：yesterday morning/ afternoon昨天上午/下午等。 2.由“时间段+ago”构成的短语以及由“last+表时间的名词”构成的短语，如：five days ago五天前，last week上周。 3.由 before构成的介词短语，如：the day before yesterday前天，just now刚才， once upon a time从前,then那时等。 4.in/on+过去的时间，如：in 1999在1999年，on the morning of last Sunday在上个星期天的早晨。 My family went to Beijing Zoo last week.我全家上周去了北京动物园。 The little girl was at school three days ago.这个小女孩三天前在学校。 We visited the Great Wall the day before yesterday.前天我们参观了长城。 三、难点突破 1. there is,there are的过去式分别是 there was,there were，表示“过去某地有某物”。 There was a car under the tree a moment ago.刚才这棵树下有一辆小轿车。 Were there any new teachers in your school last year？去年你们学校有新来的老师吗？ 2.句子中虽然有一般现在时的标志词 every day,sometimes,often,always等，但是句子中有过去的时间状语时，要用一般过去时。 We often went skating last winter.去年冬天我们经常去滑冰。 She always arrived late for class last week.上周她总是上课迟到。 3.在主从复合句中，如果主句用了过去时，从句中一般也要用过去的某一种时态（目前只学一般过去时，以后还学习过去进行时、过去完成时等）。 I thought that he was right.我认为他是对的。 I didn't know you were here.我不知道你在这儿。 I.用所给词的适当形式填空 1. His dog___was___（be） here a moment ago. 2.I___called___（call） my mother this morning,but she didn't answer . 3.My daughter and son___were___（be）in Beijing last week. 4.—Why___was___（be）the boy late for school this morning？ —Because he___had___（have） breakfast late. 5.There___were___（are）some cars on the street yesterday. Ⅱ.单项填空 6.—Where were you last Saturday？ —I___C___in the Capital Museum. A.am B.will be C.was D.were 7.—Where___C___he______ volleyball last Sunday？ —On the playground. A.do；play B.are； playing C.did；play D.does；play 8.—___D___her last vacation great？ —Yes,it was. A.Is B.Are C.Were D.Was 9.—How was your school trip？ —Pretty good！I___B___ the science museum with my classmates. A.visit B.visited C.am visiting D.will visit 10.—What did you do last night？ —I___B___TV and read books. A.watch B.watched C.will watch D.watches 11.—when___D___ you______ the bike？ —Last month. A.have；bought B.had；bought C.do；buy D.did；buy 12.When he___B___ young,there______ not so much food for him. A.is；is B.was；was C.is；was D.was；is 13.I___B___at home yesterday evening. And I______ for the science test. A.stay；study B.stayed；studied C.stayed；studies D.stays；studies 14.They stopped here because they___A___ the way to the station. A.didn't know B.don't know C.will know D aren't know 15.—Was there a park in the city five years ago？ —No,___D___. A.there isn't B.there aren't C.there was D.there wasn't 二．写作精讲 　描述过去的经历 本单元的话题是“过去和现在”，与单元话题相关的写作内容常常是运用一般过去时来谈论过去的事情。写这类文章先交代时间、地点、人物，然后叙述事件经过（旅游活动），最后抒发感想。可以借助时间的先后顺序来使行文条理更清晰。如何写好这类文章，主要需要掌握以下词汇和句型句式： ※常用的词汇 Went去，visited参观，learned学习， played玩， cleaned打扫， cooked做饭， bought买，watched观看，exciting兴奋的，friendly友好的，tired疲劳的，happy高兴的， arrived at/go to到达，went for a walk散步，took photos拍照，had a good time玩得开心，过得愉快 ※常用的句型句式 It takes/took sb.some time to do sth.某人花费多少时间做某事。 We/were/was glad to...我们/我很高兴去…… We had a great time.我们过得很高兴。 We were tired,but…我们很累，但是…… What a happy day it was！多么快乐的一天啊！ ※常用开头结尾句 Last weekend,I went...上个周末，我去了…… Today we went on a school trip.今天我们进行了一次学校旅行。 I went to...我去了…… Last summer/Sunday,went to...去年夏天/上周日，我去了…… Today my friends and I went to...今天我和我的朋友们去了…… We were very tired but happy.我们很累，但是很高兴。 We were tired but we had a wonderful time.我们很累，但过得很愉快。 All in all,it was an exciting trip.总之，这是一次令人兴奋的旅行。 We had fun in...我们在……过得很快乐。 经典试题 假设你是李峰，上周末你参加了一次学校旅行（school trip）。请根据下面表格中的提示信息写一篇题为“A Pleasant School Trip”的英语短文。 时间 上周末 参与者 你和同学 地点 北山公园（the North Hill Park） 活动 骑自行车、爬山、野餐、做游戏、拍照…… 感受 …… 要求： 1.根据表格中的信息叙述，可适当增减内容； 2.60词左右。 参考词汇：climb the hill爬山；have a picnic野餐 ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________________________ 思路点拨 开篇点题 last weekend,went on a school trip 具体介绍 met,went,excited,sang, got,climb the hill had a picnic,played the games,took photos 抒发感想 All in all,it was an exciting trip. 范文赏析 A Pleasant School Trip Last weekend,I went on a school trip with my classmates.At 7:30 in the morning,we met at our school gate.Then we went to the North Hill Park b bike.On the way,we were so excited that we sang loudly.When we got there,we started to climb the hill at once.We had a picnic on the top of the hill.After that,some students played the games happily.I took a lot of photos.We were tired but very happy. All in all,it was an exciting trip. 假如你是学校报社的小记者，上周你对学校周边的社区进行了一次调查。请你根据调查结 果，写一篇短文向校报投稿，介绍社区的一些基本情况和存在的问题，并提出你的建议。内容 包括： 1.基本情况（社区有超市、公园等设施；居民很友好 … … ）； 2.存在问题（部分区域卫生差，地上有垃圾 … … ）； 3.你的建议。 写作要求：1.可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯； 2.文中不得出现真实姓名和学校名称； 3.词数 80 左右（开头与结尾已给出，不计入总词数）。 Last week, I did a survey of the community around our school. Here is the result. The community has various facilities, including a supermarket, a park, and several small shops. The residents are friendly and always willing to help. However, I noticed that some areas are not well-maintained, with litter scattered on the ground, especially near the park and the bus stop. This not only affects the appearance of the community but also poses a health risk. To improve the situation, I suggest organizing regular clean-up events involving both students and residents. Additionally, more trash bins should be placed in key areas to encourage proper waste disposal. I hope we can make the community better. Let’s work together to keep it clean. 1 / 14 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$