高二英语期中模拟卷（沪外版2020，选修三全册）-学易金卷：2024-2025学年高中下学期期中模拟考试

■■■■ =■ 2024-2025学年高二英语下学期期中模拟卷 答题卡 姓 名: 缺考 贴条形码区 准考证号 标记 _ 。-41n。10 。-N寸10。1 。-NcoA1o01~o。 。-Nc) 。 C-N(o 。-co寸10。 Q-Nc 1 。-~4o1~o。 1,1 1 注意事项 C C 1. 答题前,考生先将自己的姓名、准考证号码填写清楚,并 认真检查监考员所粘贴的条形码。 寸10 4 (-1 2. 选择题必须使用2B铅笔填涂;非选择题必须用0.5mm 1 t 黑色字迹的答字笔填写,字体工整。 3. 请按题号顺序在各题的答题区内作答,超出答题区域范围 1~ 1~c0C 1 1~ 的答案无效,在草纸,试卷上作答无效 1 ,1 4. 保持卡面清洁,不要折叠、不要弄破、弄皱,不准使用涂 改液,刮纸刀。 C C C C 1 5. 正确填涂 选择题(请用2B铅笔填涂) 21 [A][B][C][D] 26 [A]IB][C][D] 31 [A][B]1ClI D] 16 [A1[B][CIID] # 22 [A][B][C][D] 27 [A][B][C][D] 32 [A][B][CII D] 17 IA][B][CII D] 23 [A][B]1CIID] 28 [A1IB1ICIID] 33 [A1[B1ICIID] 18 IA11B11CIID] 24 IA][B][C][D] 29 IA]IB]|CIID] 34 [A]IB1ICII D] 19 [A][B]|CIID] 25 IA]IB][CIID] 30 [A]IB]|CII D 35 [A][B]1CII D] 20 [A1[B11CIID] 36 [A1IB11C11D] 41 [A1[B11C1[D] 46 [A1[B11C11D] 37 [A]1IB1IC1[D] 42 [A][B]|C][D] 47 [A]IB1IC]ID]IE1IF] 38 [A][B][C1ID 43 [A1[B1[C11D] 48 [A][B]1C][D][E1IF] 39 [A1[B11C11D] 44 IA11B]IC1ID] 49 [A][B]IC][D][E]IF] 40 [A1IB1[C][D] 45 IA]IB1IC1[D] 50 [A]IB1IC][D]IE][F] 班 “__ 非选择题(请在各试题的答题区内作答) I、Grammar and Vocabulary (20分) SectionA 10 英语第1页(共2页) Section B 11. 12 15 16 IIIL.SummaryWriting(共10分) IV、Translation(15分) 51、 52、 53、 54、 55、 V、Guided Writing (25分) 英语第2页(共2页) ( ………………○………………外………………○………………装………………○………………订………………○……………… 线 ………………○……………… ) ( ………………○………………内………………○………………装………………○………………订………………○……………… 线 ………………○……………… ) ( 此卷只装订 不密封 ) ( ………………○……………… 内 ………………○………………装………………○………………订………………○……………… 线 ………………○……………… ………………○………………外………………○………………装………………○………………订………………○……………… 线 ………………○……………… … 学校： ______________ 姓名： _____________ 班级： _______________ 考号： ______________________ ) 绝密★考试结束前 2024-2025学年高二英语下学期期中模拟卷 （考试时间：100分钟 试卷满分：115分） 注意事项： 1．答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。 2．回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上。写在本试卷上无效。 3．测试范围：选修三全册 （上外版） 4．难度系数：0.65。 5．考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。 I.Grammar and Vocabulary （每题1分；共20分） Section A Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank. The Art of Blooming Late Mozart struggled during his teens and early twenties. Though already a productive composer, he had to work as an organist (风琴手)to make ends meet. Underpaid by his frustratingly average work, he felt a 1 (burn) desire to devote more time and energy to his art. So after a period of doubt and deliberation, that’s exactly what he did. He quit his job, set up shop in Vienna and settled down to 2 turned out to be the most creative period of his life. If you aspire to do more personally fulfilling work — say, 3 (found) a start-up or turn a hobby into a full-fledged (完全成熟的) career — drafting a plan of action can be slightly discouraging. Even so, a few newly-released books suggest that it’s entirely possible to develop the clarity of purpose to create your own version of Mozart’s Don Giovanni. In Aristotle’s Way, the classicist Edith Hall describes the ancient philosopher’s belief 4 becoming conscious of our skills, talents and aptitudes and then using our resources to make the most of them is the foundation of living a good life. If you’re not working toward reaching your unique potential — as Mozart did — it’s normal to feel dissatisfied. If that’s the case, says Aristotle, it’s your duty to make things right. What, then, is holding you back? Rich Karlgaard, author of Late Bloomers, argues that our culture’s obsession with early achievement discourages us from pursuing our passions. 5 having varied interests, studying widely and enjoying our time — essentials for self-discovery — we’re encouraged to pass the tests, become specialists right away and pursue safe, stable and profitable careers. As a result, most of us end up choosing professional excellence over personal fulfillment and often we lose ourselves in the process. 6 your job requires high-demanding tasks, being a specialist isn’t a treasure. Having a wide range of skills and experiences is 7 (beneficial) because it allows you to be quick-minded and creative. The authors of Dark Horse, Todd Rose and Ogi Ogas of Harvard’s School of Education, noticed the negative effects of early specialization in a study of people who came out of nowhere to achieve great success. “Despite feeling 8 (overwhelm),” the two write, “most dark horses reluctantly struggled along for years before finally coming to the realization that they were not living a fulfilling life.” To prompt this kind of revolution in your own life, Rose and Ogas suggest creating a goal tailored to extremely specific activities 9 truly inspires you. As you move forward, there are a few things to keep in mind. First and foremost, it’s never too late to become yourself. There are also benefits of taking a long winding path to self-fulfillment. 10 (remember) that age typically brings wisdom, resilience, humility, self-knowledge and creativity. As research has shown, small daily changes can have a profound effect and slowly but surely lead you closer to the person you think you ought to be. Section B Directions: Fill in each blank with a proper word chosen from the box. Each word can be used only once. Note that there is one word more than you need. A．form     B．mineral     C． hardens     D．surrounded     E. primarily     F. trap G. wore     H. integrated     I. piles     J. perfectly     K. surface Natural Domes A dome is a curved formation or structure. It is shaped like half of a sphere. Imagine cutting an orange in half, and placing it cut-side-down on a table. This is the shape of a dome, although most domes in nature are not 11 rounded. Some natural domes develop when magma(岩浆)from deep within the Earth pushes up 12 rock layers. This type of geologic dome can 13 as magma intrudes between two layers of sedimentary rock. The magma creates a dome or triangle shape as it pushes the other layers apart. The hardened magma that forms this type of dome is called “laccolith”. Lava domes form as magma 14 atop volcanic vents(火山口). In the Chaitn Volcano in Chile, an ongoing eruption that began in 2008 is forming a lava dome next to another one that filled the crater when the volcano erupted 9, 400 years ago. Another kind of natural dome is shaped 15 by weathering and erosion, which cause curved sheets of rock to separate from a large rock mass. The Cima Dome in the MojaveDesert, in the U. S. state of California, was once a mountain. Over time, weathering and erosion 16 away the mountain and smoothed it into a rounded dome. Salt domes result when rock salt rises through overlying sedimentary rock. Salt 17 up as ancient seas dry up over time. Eventually, sediments form over this layer of salt. Salt is less dense than most other rocks, and it slowly moves upward toward the surface, forming a dome-shaped hill. One of the most famous salt domes is Avery Island, in the U. S. state of Louisiana. Avery Island is a salt dome 18 by low-lying swamps(沼泽地)of the Mississippi River delta. Eventually, these salt domes can break through the surface rock layers. Actually, salt domes are important sites for industry. Salt is a valuable 19 used in the production of plastics, pesticides, preservatives, and fire extinguishing equipment. Moreover, Salt domes 20 oil between layers of rock so that oil wells can drill into it and extract oil. II.Reading Comprehension (共45分。 21-35每题1分；36-50每题2分) Section A Directions: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A. B.C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context I was in middle school when I first experienced anxiety. My parents took me to see a doctor, but it didn’t 21 . I knew I had to turn to something I enjoyed to 22 it. I worked as a 23 of our student newspaper, and I interviewed many students, teachers and graduates. From them I knew that everyone would face the moments of 24 and anxiety. It was 25 for anyone wishing for a full life to suffer anxiety. Last year I 26 an alumnus (校友) who just published a children’s book. She shared how writing helped her 27 the confusion and fear of failure. Her story inspired me to manage my anxiety by 28 . In the beginning, I didn’t know what to write. But as words began to 29 , I began realizing the feelings I’d been pushing down. If I experienced uneasiness (不安), I’d write about it. If I felt 30 for having anxiety, I’d write about it. Writing 31 me to look at the feelings as a third person. As I started to move the pen across the page, I felt 32 and prouder. The actual 33 of what I wrote was less important than writing itself. I realized it had the 34 to calm me down and cleared my mind. Writing has been a 35 that has saved me from anxiety. 21．A．advance B．matter C．work D．attempt 22．A．rise to B．stick to C．look at D．think about 23．A．photographer B．printer C．publisher D．reporter 24．A．anger B．loss C．fear D．fortune 25．A．strange B．satisfactory C．clear D．normal 26．A．approached B．interviewed C．attended D．attracted 27．A．get over B．benefit from C．contribute to D．show off 28．A．singing B．drawing C．writing D．dancing 29．A．break B．skip C．reflect D．flow 30．A．guilty B．happy C．excited D．eager 31．A．stopped B．allowed C．paid D．forbade 32．A．angrier B．stronger C．sicker D．sadder 33．A．angle B．routine C．factor D．content 34．A．power B．knowledge C．idea D．influence 35．A．target B．custom C．gift D．direction Section B Directions: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read. (A) Scientists can now conduct space research on Earth as China’s “ground space station” has been put into trial operation, reported Xin hua. The facility is called Space Environment Simulation and Research Infrastructure (SESRI). SESRI simulates (模拟) conditions in space and is designed for studying basic space science. This will help scientists do experiments that they normally do in space. SESRI is jointly developed by the Harbin Institute of Technology and the China Aerospace Science and Technology Corporation. “Space is very different from the environment on Earth and can have different effects on spacecraft. What we do here is to explore how the effects take place and why,” Li Liyi, executive deputy director of SESRI, told Guangming Daily. At the facility, there is a device that simulates the space environment from 100 kilometers away from Earth to the sun. In this area, more than 99 percent of visible matter is in a plasma (等离子体) state in which gas is in a highly charged and energetic state of matter. By re-creating the environment, the device can test how plasma affects spacecraft. Also, one of the biggest problems manned space travel faces is when spacecraft enter Earth’s atmosphere, they are surrounded by plasma, leading to communication blackouts (黑障). The test center can also help solve this issue as researchers now have more opportunities to do tests. The researchers faced many challenges when building the simulation system, as connecting various parts of the device can be very complicated. “We held more than 700 meetings over a connection problem alone.” Jin Chenggang at the facility told Heilongjiang News. SESRI also has simulation systems for the moon and Mars, which can re-create the vacuum, extreme temperatures, and space radiation that astronauts would encounter on these space bodies. The systems will help astronauts prepare for their missions to these places in the future, reported Guangming Daily. In the future, the platform will also play an important role in areas including brain science, life and health research, and the development of high-end instruments. 36．What is the main benefit of simulating space environment? A．Supporting space research on Earth. B．Reducing the cost of space missions. C．Studying the effects of space on humans. D．Improving our understanding of black holes. 37．What is Paragraph 4 mainly about? A．The challenge of space exploration. B．The risk of experiments at the SESRI. C．The benefit of space exploration. D．The function of the device at the SESRI. 38．Why does the author quote Jin Chenggang’s words? A．To share a personal story about the building process. B．To show the difficulties of building the simulation system. C．To highlight the importance of preparations for the research. D．To emphasize the challenges of working with other research teams. 39．What does the author imply in the last paragraph? A．Space simulation may be costly. B．Space simulation raises social concerns. C．International cooperation is crucial for space simulation. D．Space simulation has great potential for future exploration. (B) Here are some of our favourite spots for eating, sightseeing and shopping. Need inspiration? Scott Monument This remarkable Gothic building was built in memory of the life and work of Sir Walter Scott. Climb the 287 steps to the top and you’ll be rewarded with some pretty special views. History lovers? Edinburgh Castle looks over the city skyline from Castle Rock. You can take a tour (human or audio) or just wander through it with a map. Listen out for the One o’clock Gun—it fires every day except Sunday. At one o’clock. Obviously. Time your trains With cheap train tickets to Edinburgh to coincide Feeling hungry? A satisfying dinner: With ingredients carefully sourced from local growers, plus home-grown fresh fruits and edible flowers, Timberyard has favourable reviews. A light lunch: Thomson’s Bar claims to serve “the best steak pie in Edinburgh”, to match with real beer (it’s in the Good Beer Guide) and enough whiskies(威士忌酒) to take up a whole page on the drinks menu. Shopping centre Princes Street: You’ll find all your favourites on Edinburgh’s main shopping drag, Princes Street. There’s M&S, Gap and Waterstones and also a bit of a retail landmark in the shape of Jenners Department Store. Harvey Nichols: A byword(代名词) for luxury, Harvey Nicks is loved by the fashion pack. Gucci, Victoria Beckham and Marc Jacobs will try to separate you from your cash. Hidden Edinburgh Edinburgh’s deepest secret (literally) is a network of underground streets, which you can tour with a guide. Try “The Real Mary King’s Close” to uncover some of the myths and mysteries as to how the street, once open to the skies, found itself underground. Need trains to Edinburgh? We’ll get you sorted... 40．While shopping in Edinburgh, we may find that ________. A．Princes Street is the place where celebrities go shopping B．Edinburgh’s main shopping drag is extremely expensive C．many high-end brands can be found in Harvey Nichols D．one cannot pay in cash when shopping in Harvey Nichols 41．The underlined word “edible” is closest in meaning to ________. A．beautiful B．eatable C．visible D．delicate 42．This page is most likely to be found at ________. A．http: //www.britishairways.com/en-hk/destinations/edinburgh/flights-to-edinburgh B．https: //www.rabbies.com/en/tour-scotland/one-day-tours-scotland-from-edinburgh C．https: //www.virgintrainseastcoast.com/our-destinations/edinburgh-overview D．http: //www.edinburghcastle.gov.uk/discover/about-the-castle (C) I was a volunteer with the city of Milpitas, and was studying at mission college. One night after going to class, I was heading home and decided to stop off at a burrito (墨西哥卷饼) restaurant. I got my burrito and started to head for my car when I was approached by a homeless man. He was very dirty and obviously very hungry. He asked me for some change to buy a little food. As I was pulling some change out, I had an idea. I asked him to follow me back into the burrito restaurant to order. He was ashamed of the way he looked and said he did not want to go in there. But I insisted. When he finally followed me in, the people behind the counter refused to let him in, but I told them that I was buying him dinner and he had a right to be there. After we argued over it for a while, they finally gave in. It seemed like he was relieved a bit to be sitting at a table. I asked him to order whatever he wanted. But he only ordered a burrito. For someone who has been on the fringes (边缘) of society, he was very surprised at my generosity. But to me, it was what any “human being” should do or at least offer. You had to be there to see the look in his face. It reminded me when I was young and my mom brought out a big birthday cake for me on my birthday, with all the candy, chocolate and goodies that we were about to eat. I think he felt special, like he was getting attention, something that I could see he hadn’t experienced in a long time. I often think about this story because, to me, it’s not just about helping someone out by feeding them. It’s more about giving them the respect and dignity (尊严) of being a human being and allowing them to feel good about themselves. 43．Why did the homeless man approach the author? A．To ask for a lift. B．To beg for money. C．To request a burrito. D．To seek company. 44．What does the underlined word “it” in paragraph 2 refer to? A．Where to sit in the restaurant. B．What to order for the homeless man. C．Whether to buy dinner for the homeless man. D．Whether to allow the homeless man to enter the restaurant. 45．Why does the author mention his birthday in paragraph 3? A．To demonstrate his wonderful childhood. B．To stress the importance of enjoying a feast. C．To contrast his life with that of the homeless man. D．To describe the happy feelings of the homeless man. 46．What is the thing really worth doing according to the author? A．Treating others with respect. B．Ridding the world of hunger. C．Encouraging acts of kindness. D．Paying attention to the homeless. Section C Directions: Complete the following passage by using the sentences in the box Each sentence can only be used once. Note that there are two sentences more than you need. Soil conservation methods help farmers protect their land from the damage caused by farming and the forces of nature. One method of soil conservation is the use of windbreaks. Windbreaks are barriers formed by trees and other plants. 47 Windbreaks help prevent the loss of soil. They stop the wind from blowing soil away. They also keep the wind from damaging or destroying crops. Windbreaks can be highly valuable for protecting grain crops. For example, studies have been done on windbreaks in parts of West Africa. These studies found that grain harvests were as much as twenty percent higher in fields protected by windbreaks compared to fields without them. 48 They seem to work best when they allow some wind to pass through the barrier of trees or plants around a field. If not, then the movement of air close to the ground will lift the soil. Then the soil will be blown away. For this reason, a windbreak works best if it contains only sixty to eighty percent of the trees and plants that would be needed to make a solid line. An easy rule to remember is that windbreaks can protect areas up to ten times the height of the tallest trees in the windbreak. There should be at least two lines in each windbreak. 49 The second line, right next to it, can be shorter trees and other plants with leaves. Locally grown trees and plants are considered the best choices for windbreaks. Windbreaks not only protect land and crops from the wind. Surplus trees can be cut down and used or sold for wood. Trees reduce the damaging effects of wind and rain. Their roots help protect soil from being washed away. And trees can provide another valuable service for agriculture. 50 A．Crops in fields can be protected by windbreaks. B．Farmers plant these barriers around their fields. C．One line should be large trees. D．But here is something interesting about windbreaks. E．Then the soil will be washed away. F．They can provide grazing animals with shade from the sun. III.Summary Writing(共10分) 51．Directions: Read the following three passages. Summarize the main idea and the main point(s) of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible. How to Be a Successful Team Leader? Every well-organized team needs to have an outstanding leader with specific skills. Sometimes the leader’s abilities can come to affect the whole team. Although we students are still young, it’s never too early to cultivate leadership skills. A team consists of both leaders and followers. Neither side can exist and work effectively without the other. What is essential to the role of leader is the ability to unite the whole team. A great leader enables their team to achieve a common goal through the giving of clear directions and support. Meanwhile, everyone on a team also desires personal success, so a balance can be hard to strike. If a leader doesn’t have fierce determination, the followers will lose their confidence and things will not be done well. What’s more, a successful and charming leader ought to be able to handle interpersonal relationships well. They should be honest, fair, objective and impartial (公正的) when it comes to both rewards and punishments. These kinds of leaders are trustworthy, and thus, the working atmosphere will only come to be improved. They are role models who can have a strong influence on the whole team. To become a powerful leader at school, students have to take the initiative in connecting with their fellow students. Good communication skills allow people to build good relationships, which is an essential part of being a good leader. If you find it hard to express your ideas clearly to those who you collaborate with, it may be rather difficult for you to be a good leader. It’s a well-known fact that, whatever field you wish to work in, leadership skills are necessary for anyone who desires to have a successful career. So it’s never too early to train yourselves as promising future leaders. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ IV.Translation (共15分。第1小题和第2小题,每题3分;第3题4分;第4题5分。) Directions:Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets 52．拥有平衡的生活，有时间和朋友社交，甚至向治疗师求助，是拥有获得内心平静的关键。(key)(汉译英) 53．只有少数学生能够理解这个复杂的概念，其他学生都感到非常困惑，以至于有些不耐烦了。（handful）（汉译英） 54．毋庸置疑，空气污染是一个极其严重的问题，但令人欣慰的是，政府正采取有力措施来解决它。 (deny) (汉译英) 55．过去的10年来，生物学家对濒临灭绝的海洋物种表示同情。(threaten) (汉译英) V.Guided Writing (共25分) 56．Directions: Write an English composition in 120-150 words according to the instructions given below in Chinese. 随着网络技术的日新月异，人们的生活正在发生变化。如今，人们可以足不出户，云游自然风光； 也可以在网上看展，听音乐会。有些人非常推崇这种生活方式，而另一些人持不同看法。请谈谈你的观点并说明理由。 ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 试题 第7页（共10页） 试题 第8页（共10页） 试题 第1页（共10页） 试题 第2页（共10页） 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 参考答案 题号 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 答案 C A D C D B A C D A 题号 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 答案 B B D A C A D B D C 题号 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 答案 B C B D D A B D C F 1．burning 2．what 3．to found 4．that 5．Instead of 6．Unless 7．more beneficial 8．overwhelmed 9．that/which 10．Remember 11．J 12．K 13．A 14．C 15．E 16．G 17．I 18．D 19．B 20．F 21．C 22．A 23．D 24．C 25．D 26．B 27．A 28．C 29．D 30．A 31．B 32．B 33．D 34．A 35．C 36．A 37．D 38．B 39．D 40．C 41．B 42．C 43．B 44．D 45．D 46．A 47．B 48．D 49．C 50．F 51．It is essential to develop leadership skills when you’re young. Firstly, the ability to keep the team united and determination to accomplish the same goal are needed. Besides, honesty, fairness, and objective attitudes can win a leader trust and reliability in handling of interpersonal relationships. Moreover, skillful communication or staying connected with peers is significant for a promising leader. 52．Having a balanced life, having time to socialize with friends, and even reaching out to a therapist, is the key to having inner peace. 53．Only a handful of students can understand this complex concept, while the rest of the students feel so extremely confused that they become a little impatient. 54．There is no denying that air pollution is an extremely serious problem, but to people’s relief, the government is taking strong measures to deal with it. 55．Over the past decade, biologists have shown sympathy for marine species threatened with extinction. 56． With the rapid development of internet technology, people’s lives are changing. Nowadays, people can travel to natural landscapes at home, and they can also see exhibitions and attend concerts online. Different people have different opinions about it. In my opinion, this kind of lifestyle has both advantages and disadvantages. On the one hand, the internet makes it easier for people to access information and knowledge. It provides them with more choices when it comes to travel, entertainment, and shopping, and it also saves them time and money. On the other hand, excessive dependence on the internet can lead to social isolation and lack of physical exercise. Therefore, I think that people should use the internet in a healthy way. They can enjoy the convenience and benefits it brings, but at the same time, they should also take some time to explore the world outside and communicate with others face-to-face. 京）股份有限公司3 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 绝密★考试结束前 2024-2025学年高二英语下学期期中模拟卷 （考试时间：100分钟 试卷满分：115分） 注意事项： 1．答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。 2．回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上。写在本试卷上无效。 3．测试范围：选修三全册 （上外版） 4．难度系数：0.65。 5．考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。 I.Grammar and Vocabulary （每题1分；共20分） Section A Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank. The Art of Blooming Late Mozart struggled during his teens and early twenties. Though already a productive composer, he had to work as an organist (风琴手)to make ends meet. Underpaid by his frustratingly average work, he felt a 1 (burn) desire to devote more time and energy to his art. So after a period of doubt and deliberation, that’s exactly what he did. He quit his job, set up shop in Vienna and settled down to 2 turned out to be the most creative period of his life. If you aspire to do more personally fulfilling work — say, 3 (found) a start-up or turn a hobby into a full-fledged (完全成熟的) career — drafting a plan of action can be slightly discouraging. Even so, a few newly-released books suggest that it’s entirely possible to develop the clarity of purpose to create your own version of Mozart’s Don Giovanni. In Aristotle’s Way, the classicist Edith Hall describes the ancient philosopher’s belief 4 becoming conscious of our skills, talents and aptitudes and then using our resources to make the most of them is the foundation of living a good life. If you’re not working toward reaching your unique potential — as Mozart did — it’s normal to feel dissatisfied. If that’s the case, says Aristotle, it’s your duty to make things right. What, then, is holding you back? Rich Karlgaard, author of Late Bloomers, argues that our culture’s obsession with early achievement discourages us from pursuing our passions. 5 having varied interests, studying widely and enjoying our time — essentials for self-discovery — we’re encouraged to pass the tests, become specialists right away and pursue safe, stable and profitable careers. As a result, most of us end up choosing professional excellence over personal fulfillment and often we lose ourselves in the process. 6 your job requires high-demanding tasks, being a specialist isn’t a treasure. Having a wide range of skills and experiences is 7 (beneficial) because it allows you to be quick-minded and creative. The authors of Dark Horse, Todd Rose and Ogi Ogas of Harvard’s School of Education, noticed the negative effects of early specialization in a study of people who came out of nowhere to achieve great success. “Despite feeling 8 (overwhelm),” the two write, “most dark horses reluctantly struggled along for years before finally coming to the realization that they were not living a fulfilling life.” To prompt this kind of revolution in your own life, Rose and Ogas suggest creating a goal tailored to extremely specific activities 9 truly inspires you. As you move forward, there are a few things to keep in mind. First and foremost, it’s never too late to become yourself. There are also benefits of taking a long winding path to self-fulfillment. 10 (remember) that age typically brings wisdom, resilience, humility, self-knowledge and creativity. As research has shown, small daily changes can have a profound effect and slowly but surely lead you closer to the person you think you ought to be. 【答案】 1．burning 2．what 3．to found 4．that 5．Instead of 6．Unless 7．more beneficial 8．overwhelmed 9．that/which 10．Remember 【导语】这是一篇议论文。文章通过莫扎特的事迹告诉读者，做自己永远不会太晚，每天的小改变可以产生深远的影响，慢慢地但肯定地让你更接近你认为你应该成为的人。 1．考查形容词。句意：他的工作平庸得令人沮丧，薪水太低，他迫切希望把更多的时间和精力投入到他的艺术中。分析句子结构可知，空处可使用形容词burning（强烈的；炙热的）在句中作定语修饰名词desire（渴望）。故填burning。 2．考查宾语从句。句意：他辞掉了工作，在维也纳开了一家店，并在后来证明是他一生中最有创造力的时期安定下来。分析句子结构可知，该句为宾语从句，从句中缺少主语，因此可使用连接词what在从句中作主语。故填what。 3．考查非谓语动词。句意：如果你渴望做一些更能满足个人需求的工作——比如说，创立一家初创公司，或者把一项爱好变成一项成熟的职业——起草一份行动计划可能会让你有点沮丧。分析句子结构可知，空处在句中应作后置定语修饰work，可使用不定式形式。故填to found。 4．考查同位语从句。句意：古典主义者伊迪丝·霍尔(Edith Hall)在《亚里士多德之道》(Aristotle 's Way)中描述了这位古代哲学家的信念，即意识到我们的技能、才能和才能，然后利用我们的资源充分利用它们，这是过上美好生活的基础。分析句子结构可知，该句为同位语从句，belief（信念）为抽象名词，从句句意完整、成分齐全，因此用连接词that引导同位语从句。故填that。 5．考查介词短语。句意：我们被鼓励通过考试，立即成为专家，追求安全、稳定和有利可图的职业，而不是拥有各种各样的兴趣，广泛学习和享受时间——而这些都是自我发现的必要条件。后文提到的pass the tests等与前文提到的having varied interests等之间是对比的关系，因此可使用表示对比转折关系的介词短语instead of(而不是)，位于句首时首字母大写。故填Instead of。 6．考查条件状语从句。句意：除非你的工作要求很高，否则成为专家并不是一种财富。分析句子结构可知，该句为状语从句，“工作要求高”是“成为专家”的条件，否则“成为专家”也不见得是一件好事，因此可使用连接词unless引导条件状语从句，位于句首时首字母大写。故填Unless。 7．考查形容词比较级。句意：拥有广泛的技能和经验更有益，因为这能让你思维敏捷，富有创造力。后文提到的quick-minded and creative(思维敏捷，富有创造力)是拥有广泛技能和经验带来的更多的好处，根据语境应使用其比较级形式，beneficial(有益的)是多音节形容词，其比较级前需加more。故填more beneficial。 8．考查形容词。句意：“尽管感到不堪重负，”两人写道，“大多数黑马都不情愿地挣扎了很多年，直到最终意识到他们并没有过着充实的生活。”分析句子结构可知，空处可使用形容词overwhelmed(被压倒的)在句中作表语。故填overwhelmed。 9．考查定语从句。句意：为了在你自己的生活中推动这种革命，罗斯和奥加斯建议为真正激励你的非常具体的活动制定一个目标。分析句子结构可知，该句为限定性定语从句，先行词activities(活动)指物，且从句中缺少主语，因此可使用关系代词that或which引导。故填that或which。 10．考查祈使句。句意：记住，年龄通常会带来智慧、韧性、谦逊、自知之明和创造力。分析句子结构可知，该句为祈使句，表示期望某人做到某事，应在句首使用动词原形，位于句首时首字母大写。故填Remember。 Section B Directions: Fill in each blank with a proper word chosen from the box. Each word can be used only once. Note that there is one word more than you need. A．form     B．mineral     C． hardens     D．surrounded     E. primarily     F. trap G. wore     H. integrated     I. piles     J. perfectly     K. surface Natural Domes A dome is a curved formation or structure. It is shaped like half of a sphere. Imagine cutting an orange in half, and placing it cut-side-down on a table. This is the shape of a dome, although most domes in nature are not 11 rounded. Some natural domes develop when magma(岩浆)from deep within the Earth pushes up 12 rock layers. This type of geologic dome can 13 as magma intrudes between two layers of sedimentary rock. The magma creates a dome or triangle shape as it pushes the other layers apart. The hardened magma that forms this type of dome is called “laccolith”. Lava domes form as magma 14 atop volcanic vents(火山口). In the Chaitn Volcano in Chile, an ongoing eruption that began in 2008 is forming a lava dome next to another one that filled the crater when the volcano erupted 9, 400 years ago. Another kind of natural dome is shaped 15 by weathering and erosion, which cause curved sheets of rock to separate from a large rock mass. The Cima Dome in the MojaveDesert, in the U. S. state of California, was once a mountain. Over time, weathering and erosion 16 away the mountain and smoothed it into a rounded dome. Salt domes result when rock salt rises through overlying sedimentary rock. Salt 17 up as ancient seas dry up over time. Eventually, sediments form over this layer of salt. Salt is less dense than most other rocks, and it slowly moves upward toward the surface, forming a dome-shaped hill. One of the most famous salt domes is Avery Island, in the U. S. state of Louisiana. Avery Island is a salt dome 18 by low-lying swamps(沼泽地)of the Mississippi River delta. Eventually, these salt domes can break through the surface rock layers. Actually, salt domes are important sites for industry. Salt is a valuable 19 used in the production of plastics, pesticides, preservatives, and fire extinguishing equipment. Moreover, Salt domes 20 oil between layers of rock so that oil wells can drill into it and extract oil. 【答案】 11．J 12．K 13．A 14．C 15．E 16．G 17．I 18．D 19．B 20．F 【导语】本文是说明文。文章讲述了大自然中的各种各样的自然穹顶。 【详解】1. 考查副词。句意：这是一个圆顶的形状，尽管自然界中的大多数圆顶都不是标准的圆形。perfectly意为“完美地”。本句旨在说明，大部分自然界的圆顶造型都不是标准的圆形。用副词形式修饰形容词作状语，故选J。 2. 考查名词。句意：一些天然穹顶是由来自地球深处的岩浆推动地表岩层所形成的。surface, 是名词，意为“表面”，在句中充当定语。surface rock layers表示“地表岩层”。故选K。 3. 考查动词。句意：这种类型的地质穹顶随着岩浆侵入两个岩层之间而形成。form是动词，意为“形成”。form既可以作及物动词，又可以作不及物动词，本题就采用了不及物动词的用法，采用主动结构，后文第三段开头也有相应提示。can后接动词原形。故选A。 4. 考查动词。句意：岩浆在火山口顶部变硬，火山岩穹顶就形成了。harden，是动词，意为“变硬”，符合句意，表示岩浆变硬后形成火山岩穹顶，harden作谓语，主语magam是第三人称单数，谓语动词用单数。故选C。 5. 考查副词。句意：另一种自然穹顶主要是由风化和侵蚀形成的。primarily，是副词，意为“主要地”，作状语，修饰介词短语 by weathering and erosion。表示：主要是由风化和侵蚀形成的。故选E。 6. 考查动词。句意：随着时间的推移，风化和侵蚀侵蚀了这座山，使它变得平滑，变成了一个圆形的圆顶。wore，是wear的过去式，在文中构成词组wear away，意为“消磨，磨损”，符合句意。故选G。 7.考查名词短语。句意：随着时间的推移，古代海洋干涸，盐堆积起来。piles在文中构成词组pile up，意为“堆积起来”符合句意，作谓语。故选I。 8. 考查动词。句意：岩层穹顶的周围都是地势低洼的沼泽。surrounded，可从后文的by获得提示，应当填写被动结构。词组be surrounded by意为“被……所包围”符合句意。故选D。 9.考查形容词。句意：盐是塑料、农药、防腐剂和灭火设备生产中使用的一种有价值的矿物。mineral，是名词，意为“矿物”形容词修饰名词，作表语，根据句意。故选B。 10.考查动词。句意：此外，盐丘将石油聚集在岩层之间，这样油井就可以钻到其中开采石油。trap，是动词，本意为“将……困住”，此处可理解为“聚集”。本句旨在表达，岩层穹顶中富含石油，适合钻孔开采。故选F。 II.Reading Comprehension (共45分。 21-35每题1分；36-50每题2分) Section A Directions: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A. B.C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context I was in middle school when I first experienced anxiety. My parents took me to see a doctor, but it didn’t 21 . I knew I had to turn to something I enjoyed to 22 it. I worked as a 23 of our student newspaper, and I interviewed many students, teachers and graduates. From them I knew that everyone would face the moments of 24 and anxiety. It was 25 for anyone wishing for a full life to suffer anxiety. Last year I 26 an alumnus (校友) who just published a children’s book. She shared how writing helped her 27 the confusion and fear of failure. Her story inspired me to manage my anxiety by 28 . In the beginning, I didn’t know what to write. But as words began to 29 , I began realizing the feelings I’d been pushing down. If I experienced uneasiness (不安), I’d write about it. If I felt 30 for having anxiety, I’d write about it. Writing 31 me to look at the feelings as a third person. As I started to move the pen across the page, I felt 32 and prouder. The actual 33 of what I wrote was less important than writing itself. I realized it had the 34 to calm me down and cleared my mind. Writing has been a 35 that has saved me from anxiety. 21．A．advance B．matter C．work D．attempt 22．A．rise to B．stick to C．look at D．think about 23．A．photographer B．printer C．publisher D．reporter 24．A．anger B．loss C．fear D．fortune 25．A．strange B．satisfactory C．clear D．normal 26．A．approached B．interviewed C．attended D．attracted 27．A．get over B．benefit from C．contribute to D．show off 28．A．singing B．drawing C．writing D．dancing 29．A．break B．skip C．reflect D．flow 30．A．guilty B．happy C．excited D．eager 31．A．stopped B．allowed C．paid D．forbade 32．A．angrier B．stronger C．sicker D．sadder 33．A．angle B．routine C．factor D．content 34．A．power B．knowledge C．idea D．influence 35．A．target B．custom C．gift D．direction 【答案】 21．C 22．A 23．D 24．C 25．D 26．B 27．A 28．C 29．D 30．A 31．B 32．B 33．D 34．A 35．C 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。作者中学时首次经历焦虑，看医生无果后，受校报采访的校友启发，通过写作应对焦虑。写作让其正视情绪，带来平静，写作成了摆脱焦虑的良方。 21．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我的父母带我去看了医生，但这并没有起作用。A. advance前进；B. matter要紧；C. work起作用；D. attempt尝试。根据上文“My parents took me to see a doctor, but”可知，父母带作者去看医生，but表示转折，说明看医生并没有起到作用。故选C。 22．考查动词短语辨析。句意：我知道我必须求助于我喜欢的东西来克服它。A. rise to上升到，能够应对；B. stick to坚持；C. look at看；D. think about思考。根据上文“My parents took me to see a doctor, but it didn’t 1 . I knew I had to turn to something I enjoyed to”可知，看医生没有效果，这里表达的是作者要通过自己喜欢的东西来应对焦虑，rise to为固定短语，意为“能够应对”。故选A。 23．考查名词词义辨析。句意：我曾是我们学生报的记者，并且采访了许多学生、老师和毕业生。A. photographer摄影师；B. printer印刷工；C. publisher出版商；D. reporter记者。根据下文“and I interviewed many students, teachers and graduates”可知，作者的工作是采访他人，所以作者曾是学生报的记者。故选D。 24．考查名词词义辨析。句意：从他们那里我知道每个人都会面对恐惧和焦虑的时刻。A. anger愤怒；B. loss损失；C. fear恐惧；D. fortune运气。根据上文“I was in middle school when I first experienced anxiety. (当我第一次经历焦虑时，我还在上中学)”和下文“and anxiety”可知，作者当时正经历焦虑，根据“anxiety”一词可以推测出这里提到的也是一种与焦虑类似的负面情绪。故选C。 25．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：对于任何希望过上充实生活的人来说，遭受焦虑是正常的。A. strange奇怪的；B. satisfactory令人满意的；C. clear清楚的；D. normal正常的。根据上文“From them I knew that everyone would face the moments of 4 and anxiety.”可知，每个人都会面对恐惧和焦虑的时刻，所以，对于希望过上充实生活的人来说，经历焦虑是很正常的事情。故选D。 26．考查动词词义辨析。句意：去年，我采访了一位刚刚出版了一本儿童读物的校友。A. approached接近；B. interviewed采访；C. attended参加；D. attracted吸引。根据上文“I worked as a 3 of our student newspaper”可知，作者是记者，此处表达的是采访了一位校友。故选B。 27．考查动词短语辨析。句意：她分享了写作是如何帮助她克服对失败的困惑和恐惧的。A. get over克服；B. benefit from从……中受益；C. contribute to有助于；D. show off炫耀。根据上文“She shared how writing helped her”和下文“the confusion and fear of failure. Her story inspired me to manage my anxiety”可知，此处表达的是那位校友通过写作克服了对失败的困惑和恐惧。故选A。 28．考查名词词义辨析。句意：她的故事激励我通过写作来管理我的焦虑。A. singing唱歌；B. drawing绘画；C. writing写作；D. dancing跳舞。根据上文“She shared how writing helped her”和下文“In the beginning, I didn’t know what to write. (一开始，我不知道该写什么)”可知，作者受到校友的启发，也选择通过写作来管理焦虑。故选C。 29．考查动词词义辨析。句意：但随着文字开始流淌，我开始意识到那些我一直压抑的情感。A. break打破；B. skip跳过；C. reflect反；D. flow流动。根据上文“In the beginning, I didn’t know what to write.”和“But as words began to”可知，这里表达的是当作者开始写作时，文字开始自然地流淌出来。故选D。 30．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：如果我因为焦虑而感到内疚，我会写下来。A. guilty内疚的；B. happy高兴的；C. excited兴奋的；D. eager渴望的。根据下文“for having anxiety”可知，作者会把自己因为焦虑产生的各种情绪写下来，“guilty (内疚的)”是一种常见的因焦虑而产生的情绪。故选A。 31．考查动词词义辨析。句意：写作让我能够以第三人称的视角看待这些情感。A. stopped停止；B. allowed允许；C. paid支付；D. forbade禁止。根据下文“me to look at the feelings as a third person”可知，写作使作者能够从第三人称的角度去看待自己的情感，allow sb. to do sth.为固定短语，意为“允许某人做某事”。故选B。 32．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：当我开始在纸上写字时，我感觉更强大、更自豪了。A. angrier更生气的；B. stronger更强大的；C. sicker更生病的；D. sadder更悲伤的。根据下文“and prouder”可知，这里是说写作带来的积极影响，写作让作者感到更加自豪和强大。故选B。 33．考查名词词义辨析。句意：我写的实际内容不如写作本身重要。A. angle角度；B. routine惯例；C. factor因素；D. content内容。根据下文“of what I wrote was less important than writing itself”可知，这里强调的作者写的具体内容和写作这个行为相比，前者重要性较低。故选D。 34．考查名词词义辨析。句意：我意识到它有让我平静下来、理清思绪的力量。A. power力量；B. knowledge知识；C. idea想法；D. influence影响。根据下文“to calm me down and cleared my mind”可知，此处表达的是写作所带来的平复心情的力量，写作具有让作者平静下来、理清思绪的力量。故选A。 35．考查名词词义辨析。句意：写作是一份礼物，它把我从焦虑中拯救了出来。A. target目标；B. custom习俗；C. gift礼物；D. direction方向。根据下文“that has saved me from anxiety”可知，作者把写作比喻成一份珍贵的礼物，帮助他从焦虑中解脱出来。故选C。 Section B Directions: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read. (A) Scientists can now conduct space research on Earth as China’s “ground space station” has been put into trial operation, reported Xin hua. The facility is called Space Environment Simulation and Research Infrastructure (SESRI). SESRI simulates (模拟) conditions in space and is designed for studying basic space science. This will help scientists do experiments that they normally do in space. SESRI is jointly developed by the Harbin Institute of Technology and the China Aerospace Science and Technology Corporation. “Space is very different from the environment on Earth and can have different effects on spacecraft. What we do here is to explore how the effects take place and why,” Li Liyi, executive deputy director of SESRI, told Guangming Daily. At the facility, there is a device that simulates the space environment from 100 kilometers away from Earth to the sun. In this area, more than 99 percent of visible matter exists in a plasma (等离子体) state in which gas is in a highly charged and energetic state of matter. By re-creating the environment, the device can test how plasma affects spacecraft. Also, one of the biggest problems manned space travel faces is when spacecraft enter Earth’s atmosphere, they are surrounded by plasma, leading to communication blackouts (黑障). The test center can also help solve this issue as researchers now have more opportunities to do tests. The researchers faced many challenges when building the simulation system, as connecting various parts of the device can be very complicated. “We held more than 700 meetings over a connection problem alone.” Jin Chenggang at the facility told Heilongjiang News. SESRI also has simulation systems for the moon and Mars, which can re-create the vacuum, extreme temperatures, and space radiation that astronauts would encounter on these space bodies. The systems will help astronauts prepare for their missions to these places in the future, reported Guangming Daily. In the future, the platform will also play an important role in areas including brain science, life and health research, and the development of high-end instruments. 36．What is the main benefit of simulating space environment? A．Supporting space research on Earth. B．Reducing the cost of space missions. C．Studying the effects of space on humans. D．Improving our understanding of black holes. 37．What is Paragraph 4 mainly about? A．The challenge of space exploration. B．The risk of experiments at the SESRI. C．The benefit of space exploration. D．The function of the device at the SESRI. 38．Why does the author quote Jin Chenggang’s words? A．To share a personal story about the building process. B．To show the difficulties of building the simulation system. C．To highlight the importance of preparations for the research. D．To emphasize the challenges of working with other research teams. 39．What does the author imply in the last paragraph? A．Space simulation may be costly. B．Space simulation raises social concerns. C．International cooperation is crucial for space simulation. D．Space simulation has great potential for future exploration. 【答案】36．A 37．D 38．B 39．D 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了中国“地面空间站”SESRI的模拟太空环境功能及其意义。 36．细节理解题。由文章第一段中“Scientists can now conduct space research on Earth as China’s “ground space station” has been put into trial operation, reported Xin hua. (据新华社报道，随着中国 “地面空间站” 投入试运行，科学家如今可以在地球上开展太空研究。)”可知，模拟太空环境的主要好处是支持地球上的太空研究。故选A。 37．主旨大意题。由文章第四段“At the facility, there is a device that simulates the space environment from 100 kilometers away from Earth to the sun. In this area, more than 99 percent of visible matter is in a plasma (等离子体) state in which gas is in a highly charged and energetic state of matter. By re-creating the environment, the device can test how plasma affects spacecraft. (在这个装置中，有一个可以模拟从距离地球100公里处直至太阳之间的空间环境的设备。在这一区域内，超过99% 的可见物质处于等离子体态，在这种状态下，气体处于高度带电且充满能量的物质状态。通过重现这一环境，该设备能够测试等离子体对航天器的影响。)”可知，本段主要介绍了SESRI设备的功能。故选D。 38．推理判断题。由文章倒数第二段“The researchers faced many challenges when building the simulation system, as connecting various parts of the device can be very complicated. “We held more than 700 meetings over a connection problem alone.” Jin Chenggang at the facility told Heilongjiang News. (在建造这个模拟系统时，研究人员面临着诸多挑战，因为连接设备的各个部分可能非常复杂。该装置的金成刚在接受《黑龙江新闻》采访时表示：“仅仅是一个连接问题，我们就召开了700多次会议。”)”可知，作者引用金成刚的话是为了展示建造模拟系统的困难。故选B。 39．推理判断题。由文章最后一段“SESRI also has simulation systems for the moon and Mars, which can re-create the vacuum, extreme temperatures, and space radiation that astronauts would encounter on these space bodies. The systems will help astronauts prepare for their missions to these places in the future, reported Guangming Daily. In the future, the platform will also play an important role in areas including brain science, life and health research, and the development of high-end instruments. (空间环境地面模拟装置还设有月球和火星的模拟系统，这些系统可以重现宇航员在这些天体上会遇到的真空环境、极端温度以及太空辐射。据《光明日报》报道，这些系统将帮助宇航员为未来前往这些地方执行任务做好准备。未来，这个平台还将在脑科学、生命与健康研究以及高端仪器研发等领域发挥重要作用。)”可知，作者在最后一段暗示了太空模拟对未来探索有很大的潜力。故选D。 (B) Here are some of our favourite spots for eating, sightseeing and shopping. Need inspiration? Scott Monument This remarkable Gothic building was built in memory of the life and work of Sir Walter Scott. Climb the 287 steps to the top and you’ll be rewarded with some pretty special views. History lovers? Edinburgh Castle looks over the city skyline from Castle Rock. You can take a tour (human or audio) or just wander through it with a map. Listen out for the One o’clock Gun—it fires every day except Sunday. At one o’clock. Obviously. Time your trains With cheap train tickets to Edinburgh to coincide Feeling hungry? A satisfying dinner: With ingredients carefully sourced from local growers, plus home-grown fresh fruits and edible flowers, Timberyard has favourable reviews. A light lunch: Thomson’s Bar claims to serve “the best steak pie in Edinburgh”, to match with real beer (it’s in the Good Beer Guide) and enough whiskies(威士忌酒) to take up a whole page on the drinks menu. Shopping centre Princes Street: You’ll find all your favourites on Edinburgh’s main shopping drag, Princes Street. There’s M&S, Gap and Waterstones and also a bit of a retail landmark in the shape of Jenners Department Store. Harvey Nichols: A byword(代名词) for luxury, Harvey Nicks is loved by the fashion pack. Gucci, Victoria Beckham and Marc Jacobs will try to separate you from your cash. Hidden Edinburgh Edinburgh’s deepest secret (literally) is a network of underground streets, which you can tour with a guide. Try “The Real Mary King’s Close” to uncover some of the myths and mysteries as to how the street, once open to the skies, found itself underground. Need trains to Edinburgh? We’ll get you sorted... 40．While shopping in Edinburgh, we may find that ________. A．Princes Street is the place where celebrities go shopping B．Edinburgh’s main shopping drag is extremely expensive C．many high-end brands can be found in Harvey Nichols D．one cannot pay in cash when shopping in Harvey Nichols 41．The underlined word “edible” is closest in meaning to ________. A．beautiful B．eatable C．visible D．delicate 42．This page is most likely to be found at ________. A．http: //www.britishairways.com/en-hk/destinations/edinburgh/flights-to-edinburgh B．https: //www.rabbies.com/en/tour-scotland/one-day-tours-scotland-from-edinburgh C．https: //www.virgintrainseastcoast.com/our-destinations/edinburgh-overview D．http: //www.edinburghcastle.gov.uk/discover/about-the-castle 【答案】40．C 41．B 42．C 【导语】本文是一篇应用文，主要介绍了在爱丁堡人们最喜欢吃饭、观光和购物的地方。 40．推理判断题。根据“Shopping centre”下面的“Harvey Nichols: A byword(代名词) for luxury, Harvey Nicks is loved by the fashion pack. Gucci, Victoria Beckham and Marc Jacobs will try to separate you from your cash.(哈维·尼科尔斯：一个奢华的代名词，哈维·尼克斯深受时尚界人士的喜爱。古奇、维多利亚·贝克汉姆和马克·雅可布会试图将你与现金分开。)”可推测出，在哈维·尼科尔斯可以找到许多高端的品牌。故选C。 41．词义猜测题。根据“A satisfying dinner”和画线词前的“With ingredients carefully sourced from local growers, home-grown fresh fruits”可知，这里说的是餐饮的食材来自当地的种植者，其中有自家种植的新鲜水果，由此可推测出，这里说的是可以食用的鲜花。edible意为“可食用的”，与eatable意思接近。故选B。 42．推理判断题。根据文章开头图片中的“Edinburgh—the fourth most beautiful city in the world(爱丁堡——世界上第四美丽的城市)”以及第一段“Here are some of our favourite spots for eating, sightseeing and shopping.(这里有一些我们最喜欢的用餐、观光和购物地点。)”和下文内容可知，本文主要讲述的是在爱丁堡人们最喜欢吃饭、观光和购物的地方的概述，C选项中的edinburgh-overview意为“爱丁堡概述”，由此可推知，这一页有可能在https: //www.virgintrainseastcoast.com/our-destinations/edinburgh-overview网址中找到。故选C。 (C) I was a volunteer with the city of Milpitas, and was studying at mission college. One night after going to class, I was heading home and decided to stop off at a burrito (墨西哥卷饼) restaurant. I got my burrito and started to head for my car when I was approached by a homeless man. He was very dirty and obviously very hungry. He asked me for some change to buy a little food. As I was pulling some change out, I had an idea. I asked him to follow me back into the burrito restaurant to order. He was ashamed of the way he looked and said he did not want to go in there. But I insisted. When he finally followed me in, the people behind the counter refused to let him in, but I told them that I was buying him dinner and he had a right to be there. After we argued over it for a while, they finally gave in. It seemed like he was relieved a bit to be sitting at a table. I asked him to order whatever he wanted. But he only ordered a burrito. For someone who has been on the fringes (边缘) of society, he was very surprised at my generosity. But to me, it was what any “human being” should do or at least offer. You had to be there to see the look in his face. It reminded me when I was young and my mom brought out a big birthday cake for me on my birthday, with all the candy, chocolate and goodies that we were about to eat. I think he felt special, like he was getting attention, something that I could see he hadn’t experienced in a long time. I often think about this story because, to me, it’s not just about helping someone out by feeding them. It’s more about giving them the respect and dignity (尊严) of being a human being and allowing them to feel good about themselves. 43．Why did the homeless man approach the author? A．To ask for a lift. B．To beg for money. C．To request a burrito. D．To seek company. 44．What does the underlined word “it” in paragraph 2 refer to? A．Where to sit in the restaurant. B．What to order for the homeless man. C．Whether to buy dinner for the homeless man. D．Whether to allow the homeless man to enter the restaurant. 45．Why does the author mention his birthday in paragraph 3? A．To demonstrate his wonderful childhood. B．To stress the importance of enjoying a feast. C．To contrast his life with that of the homeless man. D．To describe the happy feelings of the homeless man. 46．What is the thing really worth doing according to the author? A．Treating others with respect. B．Ridding the world of hunger. C．Encouraging acts of kindness. D．Paying attention to the homeless. 【答案】43．B 44．D 45．D 46．A 【导语】这是一篇记叙文，作者通过讲述自己请流浪汉吃饭的故事说明要给予别人尊重。 43．细节理解题。根据第一段中“I got my burrito and started to head for my car when I was approached by a homeless man. He was very dirty and obviously very hungry. He asked me for some change to buy a little food. (我拿了我的墨西哥卷饼，正要向我的车走去，这时一个无家可归的人向我走来。他很脏，显然很饿。他向我要一些零钱去买一些食物。)”可知，那个流浪汉接近作者是为了乞讨一点钱，故选B。 44．词句猜测题。根据第二段中“the people behind the counter refused to let him in, but I told them that I was buying him dinner and he had a right to be there. After we argued over it for a while, they finally gave in. (当他终于跟着我进去时，柜台后面的人拒绝让他进去，但我告诉他们我是请他吃饭，他有权进去。我们为此争论了一会儿之后，他们终于让步了。)”可知，上文提到餐馆工作人员不让他进去，但作者坚持要让他进去，故此处指两人为是否允许流浪汉进入餐厅争论，故选D。 45．推理判断题。根据第三段中“You had to be there to see the look in his face. It reminded me when I was young and my mom brought out a big birthday cake for me on my birthday, with all the candy, chocolate and goodies that we were about to eat. I think he felt special, like he was getting attention (你必须在场才能看到他脸上的表情。这让我想起了我小时候，我妈妈在我生日那天给我带来了一个大生日蛋糕，里面有我们要吃的所有糖果、巧克力和好东西。我觉得他感觉很特别，好像他得到了关注。)”可知，作者看到流浪汉的表情想起了自己小时候过生日的场景，故作者提起自己的生日是为了描述流浪汉的高兴之情，故选D。 46．细节理解题。根据最后一段中“It’s more about giving them the respect and dignity (尊严) of being a human being and allowing them to feel good about themselves. (更多的是给予他们作为人的尊重和尊严，让他们自我感觉良好。)”可知，作者认为真正值得做的是尊重别人，故选A。 Section C Directions: Complete the following passage by using the sentences in the box Each sentence can only be used once. Note that there are two sentences more than you need. Soil conservation methods help farmers protect their land from the damage caused by farming and the forces of nature. One method of soil conservation is the use of windbreaks. Windbreaks are barriers formed by trees and other plants. 47 Windbreaks help prevent the loss of soil. They stop the wind from blowing soil away. They also keep the wind from damaging or destroying crops. Windbreaks can be highly valuable for protecting grain crops. For example, studies have been done on windbreaks in parts of West Africa. These studies found that grain harvests were as much as twenty percent higher in fields protected by windbreaks compared to fields without them. 48 They seem to work best when they allow some wind to pass through the barrier of trees or plants around a field. If not, then the movement of air close to the ground will lift the soil. Then the soil will be blown away. For this reason, a windbreak works best if it contains only sixty to eighty percent of the trees and plants that would be needed to make a solid line. An easy rule to remember is that windbreaks can protect areas up to ten times the height of the tallest trees in the windbreak. There should be at least two lines in each windbreak. 49 The second line, right next to it, can be shorter trees and other plants with leaves. Locally grown trees and plants are considered the best choices for windbreaks. Windbreaks not only protect land and crops from the wind. Surplus trees can be cut down and used or sold for wood. Trees reduce the damaging effects of wind and rain. Their roots help protect soil from being washed away. And trees can provide another valuable service for agriculture. 50 A．Crops in fields can be protected by windbreaks. B．Farmers plant these barriers around their fields. C．One line should be large trees. D．But here is something interesting about windbreaks. E．Then the soil will be washed away. F．They can provide grazing animals with shade from the sun. 【答案】47．B 48．D 49．C 50．F 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了防风林的作用和特点。 47．根据上文“Windbreaks are barriers formed by trees and other plants.(防风林是由树木和其他植物形成的屏障)”可知，上文提到了防风林的概念，本句为本段最后一句，应承接上文。选项B“农民在田地周围种植这些障碍物”符合语境，介绍了防风林通常出现在哪儿，故选B。 48．根据后文“They seem to work best when they allow some wind to pass through the barrier of trees or plants around a field. If not, then the movement of air close to the ground will lift the soil. Then the soil will be blown away.(当它们允许一些风穿过田地周围树木或植物的屏障时，它们似乎效果最好。如果不是，那么靠近地面的空气运动将抬升土壤。然后土壤就会被吹走)”可知，后文提到允许风穿过屏障的效果最好，可知是在介绍防风林原理的一些相关知识。故选项D“但这里有一些关于防风林的有趣之处”可以反映本段的主题，介绍一些关于防风林的有趣之处，故选D。 49．根据上文“There should be at least two lines in each windbreak.(每个防风林至少要有两行)”以及后句后文“The second line, right next to it, can be shorter trees and other plants with leaves.(第二行，就在它旁边，可以是较矮的树和其他有叶子的植物)”可知，上文提到防风林有两行，后文提到了第二行，可知本句是在说明第一行。故选项C“一行应该是大树”符合语境，介绍防风林的构成，故选C。 50．根据上文“Trees reduce the damaging effects of wind and rain. Their roots help protect soil from being washed away. And trees can provide another valuable service for agriculture.(树木减少了风和雨的破坏性影响。它们的根有助于保护土壤不被冲走。树木可以为农业提供另一种有价值的服务)”可知，本句承接上文，说明树木提供的另一种有价值的服务具体是什么。故选项F“它们可以为放牧动物提供遮阳处”可以承接上文，介绍树木的另一个作用，故选F。 III.Summary Writing(共10分) 51．Directions: Read the following three passages. Summarize the main idea and the main point(s) of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible. How to Be a Successful Team Leader? Every well-organized team needs to have an outstanding leader with specific skills. Sometimes the leader’s abilities can come to affect the whole team. Although we students are still young, it’s never too early to cultivate leadership skills. A team consists of both leaders and followers. Neither side can exist and work effectively without the other. What is essential to the role of leader is the ability to unite the whole team. A great leader enables their team to achieve a common goal through the giving of clear directions and support. Meanwhile, everyone on a team also desires personal success, so a balance can be hard to strike. If a leader doesn’t have fierce determination, the followers will lose their confidence and things will not be done well. What’s more, a successful and charming leader ought to be able to handle interpersonal relationships well. They should be honest, fair, objective and impartial (公正的) when it comes to both rewards and punishments. These kinds of leaders are trustworthy, and thus, the working atmosphere will only come to be improved. They are role models who can have a strong influence on the whole team. To become a powerful leader at school, students have to take the initiative in connecting with their fellow students. Good communication skills allow people to build good relationships, which is an essential part of being a good leader. If you find it hard to express your ideas clearly to those who you collaborate with, it may be rather difficult for you to be a good leader. It’s a well-known fact that, whatever field you wish to work in, leadership skills are necessary for anyone who desires to have a successful career. So it’s never too early to train yourselves as promising future leaders. _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】It is essential to develop leadership skills when you’re young. Firstly, the ability to keep the team united and determination to accomplish the same goal are needed. Besides, honesty, fairness, and objective attitudes can win a leader trust and reliability in handling of interpersonal relationships. Moreover, skillful communication or staying connected with peers is significant for a promising leader. 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了如何成为一名成功的团队领导者。 【详解】1.要点摘录 ①Although we students are still young, it’s never too early to cultivate leadership skills. ②What is essential to the role of leader is the ability to unite the whole team. ③A great leader enables their team to achieve a common goal through the giving of clear directions and support. ④They should be honest, fair, objective and impartial (公正的) when it comes to both rewards and punishments. ⑤To become a powerful leader at school, students have to take the initiative in connecting with their fellow students. ⑥Good communication skills allow people to build good relationships, which is an essential part of being a good leader. 2.缜密构思 将第2、3两个要点进行整合，将第5、6两个要点进行重组 3.遣词造句 The ability to keep the team united and determination to accomplish the same goal are needed. Skillful communication or staying connected with peers is significant for a promising leader. 【点睛】[高分句型1] It is essential to develop leadership skills when you’re young.（运用了when引导时间状语从句对第一段内容进行概括） [高分句型2] Firstly, the ability to keep the team united and determination to accomplish the same goal are needed.（运用了动词不定式作后置定语对第二段的部分内容进行概括） IV.Translation (共15分。第1小题和第2小题,每题3分;第3题4分;第4题5分。) Directions:Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets 52．拥有平衡的生活，有时间和朋友社交，甚至向治疗师求助，是拥有获得内心平静的关键。(key)(汉译英) 【答案】Having a balanced life, having time to socialize with friends, and even reaching out to a therapist, is the key to having inner peace. 【详解】考查动名词，形容词，时态，主谓一致，名词。根据汉语意思可知，句子的主语为“拥有平衡的生活，有时间和朋友社交，甚至向治疗师求助”，所以用动名词作主语；表示“拥有”用have；“平衡的”为balanced；“生活”为life；“有时间”为have time；“与……社交”为socialize with sb.，宾语为friends；表示“甚至”用even，表示“向……伸出援助之手”为reach out；“治疗师”为therapist。所以主语部分为Having a balanced life, having time to socialize with friends, and even reaching out to a therapist。动名词作主语谓语动词用单数，本句中为描述事实，所以用一般现在时，所以be动词用is；表示“关键”用key；“……的关键”用the key to；“内心的”为inner；“和平”为peace。故答案为Having a balanced life, having time to socialize with friends, and even reaching out to a therapist, is the key to having inner peace. 53．只有少数学生能够理解这个复杂的概念，其他学生都感到非常困惑，以至于有些不耐烦了。（handful）（汉译英） 【答案】Only a handful of students can understand this complex concept, while the rest of the students feel so extremely confused that they become a little impatient. 【详解】考查固定短语和时态。表示“只有少数学生”翻译为only a handful of students，作主语；表示“理解”用动词understand，can后跟动词原形；表示“这个复杂的概念”为this complex concept；while表示前后文的对比关系；表示“其他学生”用the rest of the students；此处为句型so…that…；表示“感到非常困惑”可用feel so extremely confused；that从句主语为they；表示“有些不耐烦”可用become a little impatient，描述特定语境为一般现在时。故翻译为Only a handful of students can understand this complex concept, while the rest of the students feel so extremely confused that they become a little impatient. 54．毋庸置疑，空气污染是一个极其严重的问题，但令人欣慰的是，政府正采取有力措施来解决它。 (deny) (汉译英) 【答案】There is no denying that air pollution is an extremely serious problem, but to people’s relief, the government is taking strong measures to deal with it. 【详解】考查固定句型，时态和短语。根据句意，描述一般事实用一般现在时，结合提示词，“毋庸置疑”可用句型there is no denying that，that引导同位语从句，解释说明denying，“空气污染是一个极其严重的问题”译为 air pollution is an extremely serious problem，but表示转折，“令人欣慰的是”译为to people’s relief ，“政府正采取有力措施来解决它”用现在进行时表示正在进行的动作，译为the government is taking strong measures to deal with it。故翻译为There is no denying that air pollution is an extremely serious problem, but to people’s relief, the government is taking strong measures to deal with it. 55．过去的10年来，生物学家对濒临灭绝的海洋物种表示同情。(threaten) (汉译英) 【答案】Over the past decade, biologists have shown sympathy for marine species threatened with extinction. 【详解】考查名词（短语）、动词短语和非谓语动词。时间状语“过去的10年来”可用介词over和名词短语the past decade搭配，句子时态应用现在完成时；主语“生物学家”应用名词biologists，为复数；“对……表示同情”可用动词短语show sympathy for，且show需变为have shown的形式；“海洋物种”可用名词短语marine species；“濒临灭绝的”是修饰species的成分，动词短语be threatened with extinction表示“受到灭绝的威胁，濒临灭绝”，因此用过去分词短语作species的后置定语。故可译为：Over the past decade, biologists have shown sympathy for marine species threatened with extinction. V.Guided Writing (共25分) 56．Directions: Write an English composition in 120-150 words according to the instructions given below in Chinese. 随着网络技术的日新月异，人们的生活正在发生变化。如今，人们可以足不出户，云游自然风光； 也可以在网上看展，听音乐会。有些人非常推崇这种生活方式，而另一些人持不同看法。请谈谈你的观点并说明理由。 _____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】    With the rapid development of internet technology, people’s lives are changing. Nowadays, people can travel to natural landscapes at home, and they can also see exhibitions and attend concerts online. Different people have different opinions about it. In my opinion, this kind of lifestyle has both advantages and disadvantages. On the one hand, the internet makes it easier for people to access information and knowledge. It provides them with more choices when it comes to travel, entertainment, and shopping, and it also saves them time and money. On the other hand, excessive dependence on the internet can lead to social isolation and lack of physical exercise. Therefore, I think that people should use the internet in a healthy way. They can enjoy the convenience and benefits it brings, but at the same time, they should also allocate time to explore the offline world outside and communicate with others face-to-face. 【导语】本篇书面表达属于议论文写作。要求考生就人们在网上旅游、看展、听音乐会等现象谈谈自己的看法并说明理由。 【详解】1.词汇积累 在我看来：in my opinion→ from my point of view/in my view 导致：lead to → result in/contribute to/bring about 因此：therefore → thus 与此同时：at the same time→ in the meanwhile 2.句式拓展 简单句变复合句 原句：With the rapid development of internet technology, people’s lives are changing. 拓展句：As internet technology is developing rapidly, people’s lives are changing. 【点睛】【高分句型1】It provides them with more choices when it comes to travel, entertainment, and shopping, and it also saves them time and money.（运用了when引导的状语从句） 【高分句型2】Therefore, I think that people should use the internet in a healthy way.（运用了that引导的宾语从句） 试卷第20页，共21页 试卷第21页，共21页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 绝密★考试结束前 2024-2025学年高二英语下学期期中模拟卷 （考试时间：100分钟 试卷满分：115分） 注意事项： 1．答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。 2．回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上。写在本试卷上无效。 3．测试范围：选修三全册 （上外版） 4．难度系数：0.65。 5．考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。 I.Grammar and Vocabulary （每题1分；共20分） Section A Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank. The Art of Blooming Late Mozart struggled during his teens and early twenties. Though already a productive composer, he had to work as an organist (风琴手)to make ends meet. Underpaid by his frustratingly average work, he felt a 1 (burn) desire to devote more time and energy to his art. So after a period of doubt and deliberation, that’s exactly what he did. He quit his job, set up shop in Vienna and settled down to 2 turned out to be the most creative period of his life. If you aspire to do more personally fulfilling work — say, 3 (found) a start-up or turn a hobby into a full-fledged (完全成熟的) career — drafting a plan of action can be slightly discouraging. Even so, a few newly-released books suggest that it’s entirely possible to develop the clarity of purpose to create your own version of Mozart’s Don Giovanni. In Aristotle’s Way, the classicist Edith Hall describes the ancient philosopher’s belief 4 becoming conscious of our skills, talents and aptitudes and then using our resources to make the most of them is the foundation of living a good life. If you’re not working toward reaching your unique potential — as Mozart did — it’s normal to feel dissatisfied. If that’s the case, says Aristotle, it’s your duty to make things right. What, then, is holding you back? Rich Karlgaard, author of Late Bloomers, argues that our culture’s obsession with early achievement discourages us from pursuing our passions. 5 having varied interests, studying widely and enjoying our time — essentials for self-discovery — we’re encouraged to pass the tests, become specialists right away and pursue safe, stable and profitable careers. As a result, most of us end up choosing professional excellence over personal fulfillment and often we lose ourselves in the process. 6 your job requires high-demanding tasks, being a specialist isn’t a treasure. Having a wide range of skills and experiences is 7 (beneficial) because it allows you to be quick-minded and creative. The authors of Dark Horse, Todd Rose and Ogi Ogas of Harvard’s School of Education, noticed the negative effects of early specialization in a study of people who came out of nowhere to achieve great success. “Despite feeling 8 (overwhelm),” the two write, “most dark horses reluctantly struggled along for years before finally coming to the realization that they were not living a fulfilling life.” To prompt this kind of revolution in your own life, Rose and Ogas suggest creating a goal tailored to extremely specific activities 9 truly inspires you. As you move forward, there are a few things to keep in mind. First and foremost, it’s never too late to become yourself. There are also benefits of taking a long winding path to self-fulfillment. 10 (remember) that age typically brings wisdom, resilience, humility, self-knowledge and creativity. As research has shown, small daily changes can have a profound effect and slowly but surely lead you closer to the person you think you ought to be. Section B Directions: Fill in each blank with a proper word chosen from the box. Each word can be used only once. Note that there is one word more than you need. A．form     B．mineral     C． hardens     D．surrounded     E. primarily     F. trap G. wore     H. integrated     I. piles     J. perfectly     K. surface Natural Domes A dome is a curved formation or structure. It is shaped like half of a sphere. Imagine cutting an orange in half, and placing it cut-side-down on a table. This is the shape of a dome, although most domes in nature are not 11 rounded. Some natural domes develop when magma(岩浆)from deep within the Earth pushes up 12 rock layers. This type of geologic dome can 13 as magma intrudes between two layers of sedimentary rock. The magma creates a dome or triangle shape as it pushes the other layers apart. The hardened magma that forms this type of dome is called “laccolith”. Lava domes form as magma 14 atop volcanic vents(火山口). In the Chaitn Volcano in Chile, an ongoing eruption that began in 2008 is forming a lava dome next to another one that filled the crater when the volcano erupted 9, 400 years ago. Another kind of natural dome is shaped 15 by weathering and erosion, which cause curved sheets of rock to separate from a large rock mass. The Cima Dome in the MojaveDesert, in the U. S. state of California, was once a mountain. Over time, weathering and erosion 16 away the mountain and smoothed it into a rounded dome. Salt domes result when rock salt rises through overlying sedimentary rock. Salt 17 up as ancient seas dry up over time. Eventually, sediments form over this layer of salt. Salt is less dense than most other rocks, and it slowly moves upward toward the surface, forming a dome-shaped hill. One of the most famous salt domes is Avery Island, in the U. S. state of Louisiana. Avery Island is a salt dome 18 by low-lying swamps(沼泽地)of the Mississippi River delta. Eventually, these salt domes can break through the surface rock layers. Actually, salt domes are important sites for industry. Salt is a valuable 19 used in the production of plastics, pesticides, preservatives, and fire extinguishing equipment. Moreover, Salt domes 20 oil between layers of rock so that oil wells can drill into it and extract oil. II.Reading Comprehension (共45分。 21-35每题1分；36-50每题2分) Section A Directions: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A. B.C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context I was in middle school when I first experienced anxiety. My parents took me to see a doctor, but it didn’t 21 . I knew I had to turn to something I enjoyed to 22 it. I worked as a 23 of our student newspaper, and I interviewed many students, teachers and graduates. From them I knew that everyone would face the moments of 24 and anxiety. It was 25 for anyone wishing for a full life to suffer anxiety. Last year I 26 an alumnus (校友) who just published a children’s book. She shared how writing helped her 27 the confusion and fear of failure. Her story inspired me to manage my anxiety by 28 . In the beginning, I didn’t know what to write. But as words began to 29 , I began realizing the feelings I’d been pushing down. If I experienced uneasiness (不安), I’d write about it. If I felt 30 for having anxiety, I’d write about it. Writing 31 me to look at the feelings as a third person. As I started to move the pen across the page, I felt 32 and prouder. The actual 33 of what I wrote was less important than writing itself. I realized it had the 34 to calm me down and cleared my mind. Writing has been a 35 that has saved me from anxiety. 21．A．advance B．matter C．work D．attempt 22．A．rise to B．stick to C．look at D．think about 23．A．photographer B．printer C．publisher D．reporter 24．A．anger B．loss C．fear D．fortune 25．A．strange B．satisfactory C．clear D．normal 26．A．approached B．interviewed C．attended D．attracted 27．A．get over B．benefit from C．contribute to D．show off 28．A．singing B．drawing C．writing D．dancing 29．A．break B．skip C．reflect D．flow 30．A．guilty B．happy C．excited D．eager 31．A．stopped B．allowed C．paid D．forbade 32．A．angrier B．stronger C．sicker D．sadder 33．A．angle B．routine C．factor D．content 34．A．power B．knowledge C．idea D．influence 35．A．target B．custom C．gift D．direction Section B Directions: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read. (A) Scientists can now conduct space research on Earth as China’s “ground space station” has been put into trial operation, reported Xin hua. The facility is called Space Environment Simulation and Research Infrastructure (SESRI). SESRI simulates (模拟) conditions in space and is designed for studying basic space science. This will help scientists do experiments that they normally do in space. SESRI is jointly developed by the Harbin Institute of Technology and the China Aerospace Science and Technology Corporation. “Space is very different from the environment on Earth and can have different effects on spacecraft. What we do here is to explore how the effects take place and why,” Li Liyi, executive deputy director of SESRI, told Guangming Daily. At the facility, there is a device that simulates the space environment from 100 kilometers away from Earth to the sun. In this area, more than 99 percent of visible matter is in a plasma (等离子体) state in which gas is in a highly charged and energetic state of matter. By re-creating the environment, the device can test how plasma affects spacecraft. Also, one of the biggest problems manned space travel faces is when spacecraft enter Earth’s atmosphere, they are surrounded by plasma, leading to communication blackouts (黑障). The test center can also help solve this issue as researchers now have more opportunities to do tests. The researchers faced many challenges when building the simulation system, as connecting various parts of the device can be very complicated. “We held more than 700 meetings over a connection problem alone.” Jin Chenggang at the facility told Heilongjiang News. SESRI also has simulation systems for the moon and Mars, which can re-create the vacuum, extreme temperatures, and space radiation that astronauts would encounter on these space bodies. The systems will help astronauts prepare for their missions to these places in the future, reported Guangming Daily. In the future, the platform will also play an important role in areas including brain science, life and health research, and the development of high-end instruments. 36．What is the main benefit of simulating space environment? A．Supporting space research on Earth. B．Reducing the cost of space missions. C．Studying the effects of space on humans. D．Improving our understanding of black holes. 37．What is Paragraph 4 mainly about? A．The challenge of space exploration. B．The risk of experiments at the SESRI. C．The benefit of space exploration. D．The function of the device at the SESRI. 38．Why does the author quote Jin Chenggang’s words? A．To share a personal story about the building process. B．To show the difficulties of building the simulation system. C．To highlight the importance of preparations for the research. D．To emphasize the challenges of working with other research teams. 39．What does the author imply in the last paragraph? A．Space simulation may be costly. B．Space simulation raises social concerns. C．International cooperation is crucial for space simulation. D．Space simulation has great potential for future exploration. (B) Here are some of our favourite spots for eating, sightseeing and shopping. Need inspiration? Scott Monument This remarkable Gothic building was built in memory of the life and work of Sir Walter Scott. Climb the 287 steps to the top and you’ll be rewarded with some pretty special views. History lovers? Edinburgh Castle looks over the city skyline from Castle Rock. You can take a tour (human or audio) or just wander through it with a map. Listen out for the One o’clock Gun—it fires every day except Sunday. At one o’clock. Obviously. Time your trains With cheap train tickets to Edinburgh to coincide Feeling hungry? A satisfying dinner: With ingredients carefully sourced from local growers, plus home-grown fresh fruits and edible flowers, Timberyard has favourable reviews. A light lunch: Thomson’s Bar claims to serve “the best steak pie in Edinburgh”, to match with real beer (it’s in the Good Beer Guide) and enough whiskies(威士忌酒) to take up a whole page on the drinks menu. Shopping centre Princes Street: You’ll find all your favourites on Edinburgh’s main shopping drag, Princes Street. There’s M&S, Gap and Waterstones and also a bit of a retail landmark in the shape of Jenners Department Store. Harvey Nichols: A byword(代名词) for luxury, Harvey Nicks is loved by the fashion pack. Gucci, Victoria Beckham and Marc Jacobs will try to separate you from your cash. Hidden Edinburgh Edinburgh’s deepest secret (literally) is a network of underground streets, which you can tour with a guide. Try “The Real Mary King’s Close” to uncover some of the myths and mysteries as to how the street, once open to the skies, found itself underground. Need trains to Edinburgh? We’ll get you sorted... 40．While shopping in Edinburgh, we may find that ________. A．Princes Street is the place where celebrities go shopping B．Edinburgh’s main shopping drag is extremely expensive C．many high-end brands can be found in Harvey Nichols D．one cannot pay in cash when shopping in Harvey Nichols 41．The underlined word “edible” is closest in meaning to ________. A．beautiful B．eatable C．visible D．delicate 42．This page is most likely to be found at ________. A．http: //www.britishairways.com/en-hk/destinations/edinburgh/flights-to-edinburgh B．https: //www.rabbies.com/en/tour-scotland/one-day-tours-scotland-from-edinburgh C．https: //www.virgintrainseastcoast.com/our-destinations/edinburgh-overview D．http: //www.edinburghcastle.gov.uk/discover/about-the-castle (C) I was a volunteer with the city of Milpitas, and was studying at mission college. One night after going to class, I was heading home and decided to stop off at a burrito (墨西哥卷饼) restaurant. I got my burrito and started to head for my car when I was approached by a homeless man. He was very dirty and obviously very hungry. He asked me for some change to buy a little food. As I was pulling some change out, I had an idea. I asked him to follow me back into the burrito restaurant to order. He was ashamed of the way he looked and said he did not want to go in there. But I insisted. When he finally followed me in, the people behind the counter refused to let him in, but I told them that I was buying him dinner and he had a right to be there. After we argued over it for a while, they finally gave in. It seemed like he was relieved a bit to be sitting at a table. I asked him to order whatever he wanted. But he only ordered a burrito. For someone who has been on the fringes (边缘) of society, he was very surprised at my generosity. But to me, it was what any “human being” should do or at least offer. You had to be there to see the look in his face. It reminded me when I was young and my mom brought out a big birthday cake for me on my birthday, with all the candy, chocolate and goodies that we were about to eat. I think he felt special, like he was getting attention, something that I could see he hadn’t experienced in a long time. I often think about this story because, to me, it’s not just about helping someone out by feeding them. It’s more about giving them the respect and dignity (尊严) of being a human being and allowing them to feel good about themselves. 43．Why did the homeless man approach the author? A．To ask for a lift. B．To beg for money. C．To request a burrito. D．To seek company. 44．What does the underlined word “it” in paragraph 2 refer to? A．Where to sit in the restaurant. B．What to order for the homeless man. C．Whether to buy dinner for the homeless man. D．Whether to allow the homeless man to enter the restaurant. 45．Why does the author mention his birthday in paragraph 3? A．To demonstrate his wonderful childhood. B．To stress the importance of enjoying a feast. C．To contrast his life with that of the homeless man. D．To describe the happy feelings of the homeless man. 46．What is the thing really worth doing according to the author? A．Treating others with respect. B．Ridding the world of hunger. C．Encouraging acts of kindness. D．Paying attention to the homeless. Section C Directions: Complete the following passage by using the sentences in the box Each sentence can only be used once. Note that there are two sentences more than you need. Soil conservation methods help farmers protect their land from the damage caused by farming and the forces of nature. One method of soil conservation is the use of windbreaks. Windbreaks are barriers formed by trees and other plants. 47 Windbreaks help prevent the loss of soil. They stop the wind from blowing soil away. They also keep the wind from damaging or destroying crops. Windbreaks can be highly valuable for protecting grain crops. For example, studies have been done on windbreaks in parts of West Africa. These studies found that grain harvests were as much as twenty percent higher in fields protected by windbreaks compared to fields without them. 48 They seem to work best when they allow some wind to pass through the barrier of trees or plants around a field. If not, then the movement of air close to the ground will lift the soil. Then the soil will be blown away. For this reason, a windbreak works best if it contains only sixty to eighty percent of the trees and plants that would be needed to make a solid line. An easy rule to remember is that windbreaks can protect areas up to ten times the height of the tallest trees in the windbreak. There should be at least two lines in each windbreak. 49 The second line, right next to it, can be shorter trees and other plants with leaves. Locally grown trees and plants are considered the best choices for windbreaks. Windbreaks not only protect land and crops from the wind. Surplus trees can be cut down and used or sold for wood. Trees reduce the damaging effects of wind and rain. Their roots help protect soil from being washed away. And trees can provide another valuable service for agriculture. 50 A．Crops in fields can be protected by windbreaks. B．Farmers plant these barriers around their fields. C．One line should be large trees. D．But here is something interesting about windbreaks. E．Then the soil will be washed away. F．They can provide grazing animals with shade from the sun. III.Summary Writing(共10分) 51．Directions: Read the following three passages. Summarize the main idea and the main point(s) of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible. How to Be a Successful Team Leader? Every well-organized team needs to have an outstanding leader with specific skills. Sometimes the leader’s abilities can come to affect the whole team. Although we students are still young, it’s never too early to cultivate leadership skills. A team consists of both leaders and followers. Neither side can exist and work effectively without the other. What is essential to the role of leader is the ability to unite the whole team. A great leader enables their team to achieve a common goal through the giving of clear directions and support. Meanwhile, everyone on a team also desires personal success, so a balance can be hard to strike. If a leader doesn’t have fierce determination, the followers will lose their confidence and things will not be done well. What’s more, a successful and charming leader ought to be able to handle interpersonal relationships well. They should be honest, fair, objective and impartial (公正的) when it comes to both rewards and punishments. These kinds of leaders are trustworthy, and thus, the working atmosphere will only come to be improved. They are role models who can have a strong influence on the whole team. To become a powerful leader at school, students have to take the initiative in connecting with their fellow students. Good communication skills allow people to build good relationships, which is an essential part of being a good leader. If you find it hard to express your ideas clearly to those who you collaborate with, it may be rather difficult for you to be a good leader. It’s a well-known fact that, whatever field you wish to work in, leadership skills are necessary for anyone who desires to have a successful career. So it’s never too early to train yourselves as promising future leaders. _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ IV.Translation (共15分。第1小题和第2小题,每题3分;第3题4分;第4题5分。) Directions:Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets 52．拥有平衡的生活，有时间和朋友社交，甚至向治疗师求助，是拥有获得内心平静的关键。(key)(汉译英) 53．只有少数学生能够理解这个复杂的概念，其他学生都感到非常困惑，以至于有些不耐烦了。（handful）（汉译英） 54．毋庸置疑，空气污染是一个极其严重的问题，但令人欣慰的是，政府正采取有力措施来解决它。 (deny) (汉译英) 55．过去的10年来，生物学家对濒临灭绝的海洋物种表示同情。(threaten) (汉译英) V.Guided Writing (共25分) 56．Directions: Write an English composition in 120-150 words according to the instructions given below in Chinese. 随着网络技术的日新月异，人们的生活正在发生变化。如今，人们可以足不出户，云游自然风光； 也可以在网上看展，听音乐会。有些人非常推崇这种生活方式，而另一些人持不同看法。请谈谈你的观点并说明理由。 _____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 试卷第12页，共12页 试卷第11页，共12页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$