Unit4 Scientists who changed the world - Grammar (课件)-【上好课】2024-2025学年高一英语同步精品课堂（译林版2020必修第三册）

Unit4 Scientists who changed the world 仓颉之初作书盖依类象形故谓之文其形声相益即谓之字文者物象之本字者言孳乳而浸多也著于竹帛谓之仓颉之初作书盖依类象形故谓之文其形声相益即谓之字文者物象之本字者言孳乳而 M3 U4 Grammar V-ed forms as attributives, adverbials and object complements 仓颉之初作书盖依类象形故谓之文其形声相益即谓之字文者物象之本字者言孳乳而浸多也著于竹帛谓之仓颉之初作书盖依类象形故谓之文其形声相益即谓之字文者物象之本字者言孳乳而 Step 1: Lead-in 仓颉之初作书盖依类象形故谓之文其形声相益即谓之字文者物象之本字者言孳乳而浸多也著于竹帛谓之仓颉之初作书盖依类象形故谓之文其形声相益即谓之字文者物象之本字者言孳乳而 Step 1: Lead-in Henry is reading a science magazine article about a world-changing discovery. Find the verb-ed forms in the article and fill in the table below. The first one has been done for you. 仓颉之初作书盖依类象形故谓之文其形声相益即谓之字文者物象之本字者言孳乳而浸多也著于竹帛谓之仓颉之初作书盖依类象形故谓之文其形声相益即谓之字文者物象之本字者言孳乳而 Step 1: Lead-in 仓颉之初作书盖依类象形故谓之文其形声相益即谓之字文者物象之本字者言孳乳而浸多也著于竹帛谓之仓颉之初作书盖依类象形故谓之文其形声相益即谓之字文者物象之本字者言孳乳而 Step 2: Exploring the rules • The verb-ed form can be used like an adjective or an adverb, indicating a(n) (1) ________ (active/passive) meaning. • The verb-ed form can appear before or after a noun. It modifies the noun like a(n) (2) _____________ (relative clause/adverbial clause). • The verb-ed form can be used as an adverbial or an object complement. passive relative clause 单个V-ed作定语，原则上是前置的。但有些单个的 V-ed，在习惯上或因为受到某些限制，则放在被修饰词之后。 1. 被修饰词前有all, every等表“全部”概念的词修饰时； 2. 被修饰词前有最高级； 3. 被修饰语过长或有其他定语； the color TV set produced last year = the color TV set that was produced last year 去年生产的彩色电视机 V-ed短语作定语 通常后置，其作用相当于定语从句。 V-ed有时还可用作非限制性定语， 相当于 一个非限制性定语从句， 前后用逗号分开。 Some of them, born and brought up in rural villages, had never seen a train. =Some of them, who were born and brought up in rural villages, had never seen a train. 他们当中有一些人，生长在农村，从未见过火车。 V–ed forms as adverbials Step 3: Master the rules Destroyed by the hurricane, the old house is nowhere to be found. 由于飓风的破坏，那座老房子哪也找不到了。 (As/Because it has been) 1. 作原因状语 ① Seen from the top of the building, our school looks beautiful. 从楼顶上看，学校看起来很美。 (When it is) 2. 作时间状语 Punished by the parents, he won't come again. (Although he was) (If he is) 虽然他很疲倦，他仍然继续工作。 他若是被家长惩罚了，就再也不能来了。 3. 作让步状语 Tired, he went on working. 4. 作条件状语 She walked out of the house, followed by her little daughter. 她走出房间，后面跟着她的小女儿。 (and she was) 5. 作伴随或方式状语 V–ed forms as object complements • V-ed作宾语补足语表示 被动或完成的意义。 • V-ed与宾语之间存在逻 辑上的动宾关系。 1. 表示感观、感觉和发觉的动词。如： watch, observe, see, hear, listen to, feel, notice, find等。 ① When we got to school, we saw the door locked. ② He found his house broken into when he got back home. ① You'd better keep the guests seated. ② We're having our car repaired. 2. 表示“致使”意义的动词。 如：have, make, get, keep等。 3. 表示“希望、愿望、命令”意义的动词。 如：want, expect, would like, wish, order等。 ① The teacher wouldn't like the problem discussed at the moment. ② I want the suit made to his own measure. 4. 在with的复合结构中也可用V-ed作宾语补 足语。这一结构通常在句中作时间、方式、 条件、原因等状语。 ① The murderer was brought in, with his hands tied behind his back. ② With water heated, we can see the steam. ③ With the matter settled, we all went home.  B2 Henry is reading an article about Franklin's kite experiment. Complete the article below with the correct verb-ed forms or verb-ing forms. Benjamin Franklin was a famous scientist, writer, printer, inventor and politician. As a scientist, he was well known for his kite experiment. The story goes like this: Franklin had found lightning (1) ___________ (interest) for years, believing it was actually electricity. He designed an experiment to prove his theory. He worked out that by flying a kite during a thunderstorm, electricity could go through the wet kite line down to the earth. (2) _________ (know) it was too dangerous to hold the wet line, Franklin held a silk ribbon (3) _____ (tie) to the end of it. He made sure the silk ribbon stayed dry so that the electricity would not go through his body. interesting knowing tied Then he attached a metal key where the ribbon and kite line joined. When a thunderstorm approached, the lightning would charge the key. (4) __________ (conduct) on a stormy day in 1752, his experiment proved lightning was really just electricity. Franklin had his theory (5) _________ (accept) by many people. However, some people questioned whether he had actually done the experiment, (6) ________ (argue) that if he had really done it, he would have received a deadly electric shock. Whatever the truth, Franklin did make contributions to the studies of electricity. Conducted accepted arguing B3 Read the notes below about Alfred Wegener and his theory of continental drift. Then write a short paragraph using verb-ed forms, verb-ing forms and to- infinitives. The beginning has been written for you. • Looked at a world map and found the eastern coastline of South America and the western coastline of Africa could fit together; • Did more research and put forward the theory of continental drift; • Published his ideas in The Origin of Continents and Oceans; Possible answer: Looking at a world map, Alfred Wegener found something amazing: the eastern coastline of South America and the western coastline of Africa seemed to fit together. He did more research to find out what caused this. Having collected enough evidence, he put forward his theory of continental drift. Then he had his ideas published in The Origin of Continents and Oceans. However, people did not believe in his theory. For one thing, it challenged many scientific theories widely accepted at that time. For another, Wegener failed to explain the driving force causing the continents to drift apart. 1. Find the V-ed forms in an article. 2. Use V-ed forms as attributives, adverbials and object complements correctly. Step 4: self-assessment Make up sentences using V-ed forms as attributives, adverbials and object complements as many as possible. Homework 仓颉之初作书盖依类象形故谓之文其形声相益即谓之字文者物象之本字者言孳乳而浸多也著于竹帛谓之仓颉之初作书盖依类象形故谓之文其形声相益即谓之字文者物象之本字者言孳乳而 Thank You $$