Unit 1 Period 4 Developing ideas-【金版教程】2024-2025学年高中英语选择性必修第四册作业与测评word（外研版2019）

Period 4　Developing ideas 课时作业(四) [基础训练] Ⅰ　根据语境及汉语提示完成句子 1．It must be stated that this illness is one of the most ________ (复杂的) conditions known to man. 答案：complex 2．I saw the new products on a ________ (商业广告) and decided to get them. 答案：commercial 3．I have given the matter much thought, examining all the possible ________ (可供选择的事物)． 答案：alternatives 4．Mary is my best friend and I know I can trust her in any ________ (情况)． 答案：circumstance 5．Despite ________ (许多的) failures, they continued to conduct the experiment without disappointment. 答案：numerous Ⅱ　单句语法填空 1．When I ________ (arise) from the chair, my father and Eleanor's father were in deep conversation. 答案：arose 2．She tried to ensure her ________ (affect) was equally shared among all three children. 答案：affection 3．It was very ________ (thought) of you to make all the necessary arrangements for us. 答案：thoughtful 4．Work in the potato and milk until the ________ (mix) comes together. 答案：mixture 5．Many unequal cultural background and living environment resulted ________ the present situation. 答案：in Ⅲ　单句写作 1．教授平易近人，所有的年轻教师都喜欢向他请教。 The professor ________________________， and all the young teachers like to ask for advice from him. 答案：is easy to approach 2．他犯的罪很严重，我怀疑他是否能得到宽恕。 His offence is so serious __________________________ he can be pardoned for it. 答案：that I doubt whether 3．微笑的时候，你会情不自禁地感受到平静、幸福与爱。 While smiling, __________________________ calmness, happiness and love. 答案：you can't help but feel 4．如果没有自然保护区，很有可能更多的动物将要灭绝。 If there are no natural reserves, ____________________ more animals will become extinct. 答案：it is likely that 5．昨天你不在家的时候，他确实来看过你。 __________________________ when you were away yesterday. 答案：He did come to see you [思维训练] Ⅰ　阅读 A I always wanted to be extraordinarily good at something. Not just as in, “Great job, Jimbo！” No, I wanted to be best­in­class, awe­inspiring, tiptop; a world­famous genius, like Michael Phelps or Mark Zuckerberg. Unfortunately, my version of reality did not quite line up with this delusional vision. I was a good swimmer, but I peaked at the collegiate State Championships level. My academic record was pretty solid, but I never would have made it into one of those ivy­league schools. Though I rose to above­average status in a couple of areas, the disappointing truth was that I would never amount to anything more than a mid­sized fish in a small pond. God apparently had other plans. What drove me crazy, though, was the superstar talent thrown in my face at every turn. Some folks just seemed to get an unfair intensive dose (剂量) of it. Why couldn't I be like Bernie William, the famed New Yorkees player who also happens to be a world­class jazz guitar virtuoso (艺术大师)? Some say greatness is simply a function of putting in the practice time. Around ten thousand hours, to be precise, according to author Malcolm Gladwell. I don't question the theory of devoting extraordinary efforts to developing one's expertise, but it seems that raw talent is equally important. You either have it or you don't. I've heard that as people approach middle age, their life satisfaction increases because they begin to accept the gap between the expectations for themselves and the reality. After a few decades of frustration without the desired results, we eventually come to terms with how our lives turned out, even if it falls far short of our idealized youthful expectation. Hope bends, it seems. 篇章导读：本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。文章叙述了作者的现实情况与远大理想之间的差距以及作者对这种差距的认识和感受。 1．What does the word “delusional” in Para.2 most probably mean? A．Imaginary. B．Realistic. C．Abstract. D．Practical. 答案：A　词义猜测题。根据画线词所在句可知，不幸的是，作者的现实情况与上文的“理想或想象”不太一致。因此画线单词delusional与reality意思相反，意为“想象的”。故选A。 2．In the passage, the writer thinks of himself as________． A．a world­famous genius B．a mid­sized fish in a small pond C．a world­class virtuoso D．a student in an ivy­league school 答案：B　细节理解题。根据第三段第一句可知，虽然作者在几个方面都达到了中等以上的水平，但令人失望的事实是，作者只不过是小池塘里的一条中等大小的鱼。故选B。 3．According to the writer, what makes “greatness”？ A．Extraordinary efforts. B．Ten thousand hours of practice. C.Raw talent. D．Talent and time. 答案：D　细节理解题。根据第五段第一句“Some say greatness is simply a function of putting in the practice time.(有人说，伟大仅仅是投入练习时间的结果。)”以及第三句可知，作者认为是天赋和时间造就了“伟大”。故选D。 4．Which of the following might be the best title? A．Hope Bends B．Frustrating Decades C．Practice Works D．Youthful Expectation 答案：A　标题判断题。根据最后一段“Hope bends, it seems.”可知，看起来，希望是难以实现的。文章主要内容是关于理想与现实之间的矛盾，作者认识到先天的天赋与后天的努力一样重要，并且接受了理想与现实之间的巨大差距。故选A。 B At the age of 14, James Harrison had a major chest operation and he required 13 units (3.4 gallons) of blood afterwards. The blood donations saved his life, and he decided that once he turned 18, he would begin donating blood as regularly as he could. More than 60 years and almost 1，200 donations later, Harrison, whose blood contains an antibody (抗体) that has saved the lives of 2.4 million babies from miscarriages (流产), retired as a blood donor on May 11. Harrison's blood is valuable because he naturally produces Rh­negative blood, which contains Rh­positive antibodies. His blood has been used to create anti­D in Australia since 1967. “Every bottle of anti­D ever made in Australia has James in it，” Robyn Barlow, the Rh program director told the Sydney Morning Herald. “It's an amazing thing. He has saved millions of babies. I__cry__just__thinking__about__it.” Since then, Harrison has donated between 500 and 800 milliliters of blood almost every week. “I'd keep going if they let me，” Harrison told the Herald. His doctors said it was time to stop the donations. They had already extended the age limit for blood donations for him, and they're cutting him off now to protect his health. Harrison's retirement is a blow to the Rh treatment program in Australia. Only 160 donors support the program, and finding new donors has proven to be difficult. But Harrison's retirement from giving blood doesn't mean he's completely out of the game. Scientists are collecting and cataloging his DNA to create a library of antibodies and white blood cells that could be the future of the anti­D program in Australia. 篇章导读：本文是一篇记叙文。在James Harrison (詹姆斯·哈里森)小时候有人献血救了他，因此他决定18岁以后自己也定期献血。60年里他献血近1，200次，他自然产生RH阴性血，其中含有RH阳性抗体，拯救了数百万婴儿。他的献血也促进了澳大利亚抗D计划。 5．Why did James Harrison decide to donate blood as regularly as he could? A．Because he wanted to be a celebrity. B．Because he was saved by the blood donations when he was young. C．Because his blood is valuable. D．Because the Rh treatment program in Australia need him. 答案：B　细节理解题。根据第一段可知，14岁时，詹姆斯·哈里森做了一次大的胸部手术，手术后他需要3.4加仑的血液。有人献血挽救了他，于是他决定一旦年满18岁，就开始尽可能地定期献血。故选B。 6．What can we learn from the underlined sentence in Paragraph 3? A．Robyn Barlow was sad because millions of babies suffer from blood disease. B．Robyn Barlow was worried because Harrison may die of losing too much blood. C．Robyn Barlow was moved by Harrison's donations. D．Robyn Barlow was frightened by Harrison's crazy behavior. 答案：C　句意理解题。根据画线部分的上文可知，“澳大利亚生产的每一瓶抗­D药物都含有詹姆斯的捐献，”Rh项目主管Robyn Barlow (罗宾·巴洛)对《悉尼先驱晨报》说，“这是一件了不起的事情。他救了数百万婴儿。”故画线句是说罗宾·巴洛为詹姆斯的献血而感动。故选C。 7．What can we infer from the last paragraph? A．Harrison's retirement will not affect the Rh program. B．After Harrison's retirement, the Rh program will fail. C．Harrison's influence to the Rh program will still exist after his retirement. D．A library has been built for the study of Harrison's DNA. 答案：C　推理判断题。根据最后一段最后一句可知，虽然詹姆斯·哈里森退休了，但科学家开始收集和分类他的DNA以建立一个抗体和白细胞库。由此可推出，哈里森退休后对Rh项目还有影响。故选C。 8．Which word can best describe Harrison? A．Patient. B．Diligent. C．Talented. D．Devoted. 答案：D　推理判断题。詹姆斯·哈里森的献血精神就是一种奉献精神，挽救了许多人，更感动了许多人。文章中献血(即对他人的奉献精神)一词，贯穿全文。故选D。 Ⅱ　七选五 Tricks To Becoming A Patient Person Here's a riddle: What do traffic jams, long lines and waiting for a vacation to start all have in common? There's one answer. __1__． In the Digital Age, we're used to having what we need immediately and right at our fingertips. However, research suggests that if we practiced patience, we'd be a whole lot better off. Here are several tricks. •Practice gratitude (感激) Thankfulness has a lot of benefits: Research shows it makes us happier, less stressed and even more optimistic. __2__. “Showing thankfulness can foster self-control，” said Ye Li, researcher at the University of California. •Make yourself wait Instant gratification (满足) may seem like the most “feel good” option at the time, but psychology research suggests waiting for things actually makes us happier in the long run. And the only way for us to get into the habit of waiting is to practice. __3__. Put off watching your favorite show until the weekend or wait 10 extra minutes before going for that cake. You'll soon find that the more patience you practice, the more you start to apply it to other more annoying situations. •__4__ So many of us have the belief that being comfortable is the only state we will tolerate, and when we experience something outside of our comfort zone, we get impatient about the circumstances. You should learn to say to yourself, “__5__．” You'll then gradually become more patient. A．Find your causes B．Start with small tasks C．Accept the uncomfortable D．All this adds up to a state of hurry E．It can also help us practice more patience F．This is merely uncomfortable, not intolerable G．They're all situations where we could use a little extra patience 篇章导读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了让人们变得有耐心的一些方法。 1．G　根据上文“Here's a riddle ... There's one answer.”可知，本句为上文的答案，结合“交通堵塞、排长队和等待假期开始”这些情况，都需要耐心。G项(在这些情况下，我们都需要一点额外的耐心)承接上文。故选G。 2．E　根据上文“Thankfulness has a lot of benefits ... more optimistic.(感恩有很多好处：研究表明，感恩让我们更快乐，压力更小，甚至更乐观。)”可知，感恩带来很多好处。E项(它还可以帮助我们练习更多的耐心)承接上文。故选E。 3．B　根据下文“Put off ... for that cake.”并结合小标题“Make yourself wait”可知，下文列举的事情都是日常的小事，说明要从小事开始练习等待。B项(从小任务开始)引出下文。故选B。 4．C　本段提到了舒适是我们通常唯一能容忍的状态，说明我们还应该容忍不舒适，因此本段的主旨与接受不舒适相关，C项(接受不舒服)概括本段内容，且选项中的uncomfortable对应下文comfortable。故选C。 5．F　根据上文“You should learn to say to yourself (你应该学会对自己说)”以及下文“You'll then gradually become more patient. (然后你会逐渐变得更有耐心。)”可知，F项(这仅仅是不舒服，而不是无法忍受)承上启下。故选F。 【持续背记】 ①Only those who have the patience to do simple things perfectly ever acquire the skill to do difficult things easily. 只有那些具有耐心将简单工作做完美的人才能够轻松地完成困难的事。 ②When people master the digital organization, it will greatly simplify and improve both their professional and personal lives. 当人们掌握了数字管理，他们的工作与个人生活都会得到极大地简化和改善。 ③Against all the odds, she achieved her dream of becoming an actress. 她冲破重重困难，实现了当演员的梦想。 【持续积累】 课时作业(五) [基础训练] Ⅰ　根据语境及汉语提示完成句子 1．Only through this method will students achieve ________ (流利) in English. 答案：fluency 2．It was a film much praised at the time for its visual ________ (象征主义)． 答案：symbolism 3．We ________ (真诚地) hope to cooperate with you, and we will supply you the best products and service. 答案：sincerely 4．As far as I know, the doctors and nurses in this hospital work in three ________ (当班时间)． 答案：shifts 5．We stopped and had some light ________ (茶点) at a cafe. 答案：refreshments Ⅱ　单句语法填空 1．The new album was a great success both musically and ________ (commercial)． 答案：commercially 2．I've just taken over the job, so I'm not familiar ________ relevant things. 答案：with 3．The poet expressed in this poem his deep and enduring ________ (affect) for his motherland. 答案：affection 4．We must learn more to enable us ________ (face) all the difficulties. 答案：to face 5．This means making sure that ________ (qualify) people are in place to run the financial agencies. 答案：qualified Ⅲ　用括号内所给词汇，写出一个语段 (affection, refreshments, fluency, qualified, sincerely) 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 答案：After reading your commercial on the local paper, I weigh up and decide to write to you to apply for the position. After graduation, I have been a trainee in a middle school, where I work shifts on time and offer to help others with their refreshments in my free time. Besides, my fluency and affection in English also help me a lot. I hope I will be qualified and sincerely hope you can accept me as one of your members. [思维训练] Ⅰ　阅读 My name is Matthew. I'm not someone who has many secrets, because I'm a terrible liar. But there is one huge secret that I kept for years—I failed my driving test. I had never failed a test before, and had never even come close. Driving made me anxious, but my parents told me I had to. They signed me up for driving lessons. I had gotten a perfect score for my written permit exam, but getting behind the wheel was a different story. But when October 30th rolled around, my pride set in. I wanted to be like everyone else at my school, showing off the brand new license they'd gotten. Looking back on that special day, I can't remember if I was nervous. What I do remember is starting the test, pausing at a stop sign after a few seconds, and being asked by the instructor to pull over. I had received an auto­fail since my pause was indeed a pause and not a real stop. I wasn't upset that I was leaving without a license, but I was scared everyone would know that I had failed. So when I got to class, I told everyone I didn't want to take the test on my birthday. One Friday a month later, I went to the test spot again and passed. Later that night I drove for the first time by myself, which brought to me an amazing feeling I've never experienced—but sill, I couldn't imagine ever telling anyone the truth. So I didn't. It wasn't until midway through college that I came clean. It turned out plenty of my college friends had failed too! And I gathered enough courage to speak the fact out. Yes, I had also failed. Now I realize failure and imperfection are two things everyone has to experience, without which one couldn't make a true man. 篇章导读：本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了“我”曾经隐瞒了自己驾照考试失败的事情，后来意识到失败和不完美是每个人成长的必经之路。 1．What can we learn about Matthew? A．He was a slow learner of driving. B．He relied heavily on his parents. C．He was afraid of taking exams. D．He was bored with telling lies. 答案：A　推理判断题。根据第一段第三句可知，“我”驾照考试失败了；再由本段最后一句可知，“我”的笔试成绩很好，但是开车开得不好。由此推测，“我”是一个学车很慢的人。故选A。 2．Why did the instructor ask Matthew to pull over? A．To put an end to his test. B．To check his parking skills. C．To give him a second chance. D．To show him a better way of driving. 答案：A　细节理解题。根据第二段倒数第三句可知，“我”在驾照考试过程中由于自己的失误导致了考试失败，所以让“我”靠边停车。故选A。 3．What made Matthew feel extremely worried after his first attempt? A．Failing to get a driving license. B．Missing his birthday celebration. C．Making his parents disappointed. D．Losing face before his classmates. 答案：D　细节理解题。根据第二段倒数第二句可知，“我”不会因为没通过考试难过，但是“我”害怕别人知道“我”失败了，因此“我”是怕在同学面前丢人。故选D。 4．What did Matthew learn from his own experience? A．Honesty is the best policy. B．Failure is a way to grow up. C．Truth stands the test of time. D．Imperfection is another form of perfection. 答案：B　推理判断题。根据最后一段可知，“我”意识到，失败和不完美是每个人都必须经历的事情，缺少其中任何一个，就不会真正的成长。故选B。 Ⅱ　七选五 You will be leaving this school at the end of this year and the unavoidable question many people will ask you is, “So, what do you want to be？” __1__ But many of you still don't have a clue! Here are some things you might want to consider. First, does the career you are considering have staying power? Will it be in demand in 20 years? Rapid technological change is disruptive (破坏性的). __2__ While many occupations are being taken over by new technology, jobs that require high­level of critical thinking, emotional intelligence and human interaction, remain in high demand. These jobs are more adaptable and not easily replaced by machines or technology. Second, choose a career that interests you. Some people might think this is unimportant, but if you are truly passionate about your job then going to work every day won't seem a chore. It's also likely that you will stay and grow in this career. Before making a choice, you should examine your values, skills and personality type. __3__ Third, of course you will want to consider your chosen profession's earning power! Although high pay plays a part, you should know that a job with a big salary will likely require more time to get to the top, much more effort and a higher level of stress. __4__ If you have interests outside of work, or are struggling with other demands in your life, you might want to choose a less taxing line of work. __5__ Let me leave you with an old saying: “Choose a job you love, and you will never have to work a day in your life.” A．We need to be forward­looking at our future prospects. B．Some of you may have already decided on a career path. C．Trying different work can help you find out your favorite job. D．This can help you decide if a career path is a good fit for you. E．Only the truly motivated will likely be able to meet these challenges. F．People's wages are lower in industries with slow technological change. G．Thinking about a life­long career at this stage in your life is surely challenging. 篇章导读：本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了在选择职业道路的时候你可能需要考虑的事情。 1．B　根据下文“But many of you still don't have a clue！(但是你们中的很多人还是不知道！)”中的连词But表示转折可知，B项(你们中的一些人可能已经决定了职业道路。)与下文构成转折关系，同时回答了上文的问题“what do you want to be”。故选B。 2．A　上文“First, does the career ... technological change is disruptive (破坏性的)．”提出技术变革会改变职业，要考虑未来可能的变化，A项(我们需要展望未来的前景。)承接上文，且A项中的“future prospects”与上文“in 20 years”相呼应。故选A。 3．D　上文“Before making a choice, you should examine your values, skills and personality type.”提出选择职业前要进行自我评估，D项(这可以帮助你决定一条职业道路是否适合你。)承接上文，说明这样做的作用，句中“This”指代上文中的“examine your values, skills and personality type”。故选D。 4．E　上文“you should know ... and a higher level of stress”提出与高薪相伴的是更多的努力与更高水平的压力，E项(只有真正有动力的人才有可能迎接这些挑战。)承接上文，且E项中的“these challenges”与上文“require more time to get to the top, much more effort and a higher level of stress”相呼应。故选E。 5．G　设空处是末段首句，是对全文的总结。G项(在你人生的这个阶段考虑一生的事业无疑是具有挑战性的。)提出考虑一生的事业是具有挑战性的事情，下文“Let me leave you with an old saying：‘Choose a job you love, and you will never have to work a day in your life.’”用一句谚语给出解答，从而实现对全文的总结。故选G。 Ⅲ　读后续写 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 In 1989, fresh out of high school, I had the difficult task of choosing a career path before college started in three months. In those days in Pakistan, there were limited options: becoming a doctor or an engineer, or entering the financial world after getting a business degree. I wasn't interested in engineering, so that I was left with medicine or business. I couldn't decide. My uncle, an influential person in the family, suggested that I do a work placement to experience it for a month in an international company followed by a month in a hospital. After that, I could make a decision. It seemed like a brilliant idea. I was accepted for a month's placement at a foreign bank in Karachi. I got a feel for how the world of finance functioned, made new friends, and generally enjoyed the mostly easy­going work surroundings. The month passed rapidly, and soon I began working at a leading hospital in Karachi. The experience couldn't have been more different. The hospital had an intense environment. The days started early (at 7 am, compared to 9 am at the bank), and were filled with endless duties. And the night calls! This was crazy, working all day, through the night, and again the next day. I began thinking about my two experiences. The bank had offered a more relaxing atmosphere, better working hours and less stress. The hospital was full of excitement and unpredictability, but the studying and training was difficult. It seemed that the business option was going to win out. Near the end of my month at the hospital, I was driving home after an especially busy night call. In front of me was a public bus, with college students sitting on the top. As the driver weaved through (穿梭) traffic, I could see the boys shaking from side to side. 注意： 1．续写词数应为150左右； 2．请按如下格式在相应位置作答。 Suddenly, a boy fell off the back of the bus. 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 The next day, when I went to hospital to see the boy, all his family got up, with grateful smiles on their faces.　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 写前导读：本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者在毕业后面临职业选择，在叔叔的帮助下分别体验了银行和医院的工作。在医院的工作快要结束时，一天作者突然遇到一个男孩从公交车的后面摔了下来，接着作者采取了什么行动呢？这件事又对作者的职业选择有何影响呢？ [精彩范文] Suddenly, a boy fell off the back of the bus. He hit the road face down and rolled over. He lay motionless in the middle of the road as the bus sped away. Knowing that he could die in a matter of minutes, I stopped my car and carefully examined the body. With the help of some passers­by, I lifted his unconscious body into the car and raced back to the hospital. After his family was contacted, and he was wheeled into emergency surgery, I drove home, exhausted. The next day, when I went to hospital to see the boy, all his family got up, with grateful smiles on their faces. The mother held my hands to her face and started weeping. “Son, you are an angel！” she repeated. I spent the rest of the day in a state of excitement, the most thrilling mood I had ever experienced. Driving home that evening, I knew what I wanted to do for the rest of my life. Two months of placements could not match what 30 minutes helping an accident victim had done for me. We spend a lot of our time wondering what path to take in our lives. This experience taught me that at times, these decisions are made for you—and that whatever happens is always for the best. 【持续背记】 ①Greatly inspired, he made up his mind to read as much as he could, and what's more, he would study harder than ever before. 他深受鼓舞，决心尽可能多读书，而且，比以往任何时候都努力学习。 ②An estimated 310 million people in Britain, USA, Canada, Australia, South Africa, etc. use English as their mother tongue. 据统计，在英国、美国、加拿大、澳大利亚和南非等国有三亿一千万人以英语为母语。 ③To help you behave well when visiting your Chinese friends, I'd like to offer you some information concerning table manners. 为帮助你在拜访中国友人时行为得体，我想给你一些关于餐桌礼仪的信息。 【持续积累】 1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$