单元测试卷(3)（Word练习）-【优化指导】2024-2025学年新教材高中英语选择性必修第四册（译林版2020）

单元测试卷(三) [对应学生用书P190] (满分：120分　建议用时：100分钟) 第一部分　阅读(共两节，满分50分) 第一节　(共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分) 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A (2022·安徽合肥高三上月考) Four Environmentalists You Should Know Throughout history, environmentalists have had a great influence not only on natural spaces, but also on our individual lives. Here are four influential ones. ·John Muir(1838-1914) His lifelong love for hiking began when he hiked to the Gulf of Mexico in 1867. Muir spent much of his adult life wandering in—and fighting to preserve—the wilderness of the West, especially California. His tireless efforts led to the creation of Yosemite National Park, Sequoia National Park, and millions of other conservation areas. ·Rachel Carson(1907-1964) Born in rural Pennsylvania, Rachel Carson went on to study biology at Johns Hopkins University. After working for the US Fish and Wildlife Service, Carson published The Sea Around Us and other books. Her most famous work, however, was 1962's Silent Spring, in which she described the harmful environmental effects of pesticides(杀虫剂). After Carson's observations were proven correct, pesticides like DDT were banned. ·Wangari Maathai(1940-2011) Wangari Maathai was from Kenya. After studying biology in the US, she returned to her home country to begin a career in environmental activism. Maathai founded the Green Belt Movement, which, by the early 21st century, had already planted some 30 million trees, provided jobs, and secured firewood for rural communities. In 2004, she was awarded the Nobel Peace Prize while continuing to fight for the planet. ·David Brower(1912-2000) David Brower was associated with wilderness preservation. He became the Sierra Club's first executive director in 1952, then, over the next 17 years, the club membership grew from 2，000 to 77，000. It won many environmental victories under his leadership. After leaving the club, he went on to found other environmental groups like Friends of the Earth, and the Earth Island Institute. [语篇解读]　本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要介绍了四位为人类的环境改善做出贡献的环保人士，他们不仅影响了自然空间，也对我们的生活产生了影响。 1．Which environmentalist is a writer? A．John Muir. B．Rachel Carson. C．Wangari Maathai. D．David Brower. B　解析：细节理解题。根据Rachel Carson (19071964)部分中的“After working for the US Fish and Wildlife Service, Carson published The Sea Around Us and other books.(在为美国鱼类和野生动物管理局工作之后，Carson出版了《我们周围的大海》和其他书籍。)”可知，Rachel Carson不仅是环境学家，还是一位作家，故选B。 2．What did Wangari Maathai do as an environmentalist? A．She encouraged green farming. B．She funded rural communities. C．She advocated growing trees. D．She attempted to protect wild animals. C　解析：细节理解题。根据Wangari Maathai(19402011)部分中的“After studying biology in the US ... and secured firewood for rural communities．(在美国学习生物学之后，她回到祖国，开始了环保主义的职业生涯。Maathai创建了绿带运动，到21世纪早期，这个活动已经种植了3 000万棵树，提供了就业机会，并为农村社区保障了柴火。)”可知，Wangari Maathai作为环境学家，她倡导种树。故选C。 3．What title is the most suitable one for David Brower? A．An environmental activist. B．A great social event planner. C．A city preservationist. D．An environmental scientist. A　解析：推理判断题。根据David Brower (19122000)部分中的内容可知，David Brower与荒野保护有关。1952年他成了Sierra俱乐部的首任执行董事，然后，在接下来的17年里，俱乐部成员从2 000人增加到了77 000人。在他的领导下，俱乐部赢得了许多环境保护的胜利。离开俱乐部后，他继续创办了其他环保组织，比如地球之友，以及地球岛研究所。由此可知，David Brower为了环境保护不懈地努力着，因此最适合David Brower的称号是环保活动家。故选A。 B Sir David Attenborough has devoted his life to the natural world and environmental causes.His work has raised awareness of the threats that habitats face，and it reminds us how we are all connected.It's this devotion to science that has earned him multiple honors and awards.It's really awe­inspiring to see how many he has，using a unique way to shine a light on just how many he holds. David Attenborough's name comprises 17 letters，or 20 if you want to throw the “Sir” distinction he earned when he was knighted(封为爵士) by Queen Elizabeth Ⅱ in 1985.After those，there are 39 more letters concerning the multiple orders he has been awarded and societies he's a member of.These letters are: OM，GSMG，CH，CVO，CBE，FRS，FSA，FRSA，FLS，FZS，FRSGS and FRSB. But what do these letters mean? It's easier to first divide them among orders and societies.The former are OM，GSMG，CH，CVO，CBE，and so on.These are handed out by the Royal Family for “exceptional service” and “major contributions” towards the advancement of the Arts，Learning，Literature，and Science. The latter are fellowships that illustrate Attenborough's wide interests and topics he's an expert in.Beyond his titles，the 96­year­old naturalist has reached far and wide.His love for nature can be traced back to childhood when he spent his days collecting fossils，stones，and natural samples.Attenborough went on to study Natural Sciences at Cambridge before joining the BBC as a producer in 1952. Throughout the English­speaking world，he is known for his contributions to the natural history documentary，particularly the powerful life collection，which covers the subjects of animal and plant life on earth.While the honors he has gotten pay tribute (致敬) to his achievements and dedication，his true pride likely lives in every person who decides to take a stand to protect our planet. [语篇解读]　本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了致力于环境实业的BBC制片人Sir David Attenborough的事迹。 4．What's the significance of Attenborough's contribution to the environment? A．It has brought him a lot of honors. B．It causes the Royal Family to give help. C．It provides people with many good programs. D．It awakens people's environmental awareness. D　解析：细节理解题。根据第一段中的“His work has raised awareness of the threats that habitats face，and it reminds us how we are all connected.”可知，他的工作提高了人们对栖息地面临的威胁的认识，并提醒我们是如何被联系在一起的。由此可知，他的工作唤醒了人们的环保意识。 5．What does the author intend to tell us in Paragraphs 2 and 3? A．The great honors David Attenborough has got. B．The different kinds of honors for different areas. C.The hardness to get honors from the Royal Family. D．The reason why David Attenborough was awarded. A　解析：主旨大意题。根据第二段中的“David Attenborough's name comprises 17 letters，or 20 if you want to throw the ‘Sir’ distinction he earned when he was knighted (封为爵士) by Queen Elizabeth Ⅱ in 1985.”可知，David Attenborough被伊丽莎白二世封为“爵士”称号，以及第三段中的“These are handed out by the Royal Family for ‘exceptional service’ and ‘major contributions’ towards the advancement of the Arts，Learning，Literature，and Science.”可知，讲述是David Attenborough获得的这些勋章都是王室颁发给做出“杰出贡献”和“重大贡献”的人。由此可知，作者在第二段和第三段主要讲述David Attenborough获得的荣誉。 6．What can we know about Attenborough from Paragraph 4? A．He spent most time playing outside when young. B．His job was connected with his major at college. C．His interest in nature began when he was young. D．His interest changed after he attended the college. C　解析：细节理解题。根据第四段中的“His love for nature can be traced back to childhood when he spent his days collecting fossils，stones，and natural samples.”可知，他对大自然的热爱可以追溯到他的童年时期。由此可知，Attenborough从很小的时候就对自然感兴趣。 7．Which can best describe Attenborough? A．Fortunate. B．Devoted. C．Strong­minded. D．Critical. B　解析：推理判断题。根据首段中的“Sir David Attenborough has devoted his life to the natural world and environmental causes.”以及下文中介绍David Attenborough对环保事业做出的贡献以及获得的荣誉可知，他对环保事业是有献身精神的。 C Pinocchio may be just a children's fairy tale, but Spanish scientists at the University of Granada recently investigated the so­called “Pinocchio effect” and found that our noses don't grow when we tell a lie, but actually shrink a bit. Dr Emilio Gómez Milán and his team developed a lie detector(测谎仪) test that used thermography(热成像仪) to tell if people were lying, and found that whenever participants in their research were being untruthful, the temperature of the tips of their noses dropped up to 1.2℃ while the temperature of their forehead increased up to 1.5 ℃. Scientists also found that drop in temperature at nose level actually caused it to slightly shrink, although the difference is unnoticed by the human eye. “One has to think in order to lie, which increases the temperature of the forehead，” Dr Gómez Milán explained the findings. “At the same time, we feel anxious, which lowers the temperature of the nose.” For this study, researchers asked a number of 60 students to perform various tasks while being scanned by thermal imaging technology, including making a 3 to 4 minutes call to their parents, a partner or a friend and telling a significant lie. Participants had to make up the lie by themselves during the call, and the thermal cameras picked up this “reverse Pinocchio effect” caused by the fluctuation(起伏) in temperature in the nose and forehead. Interestingly, the thermal lie detector picked up the temperature difference in 80 percent of test subjects, which is a better rate of success than that of any modern lie detector. It's suggested that law enforcement interviewers should one day combine other lie detection technology with thermal imaging to achieve better results. The thermal lie detector has been the most reliable in the world, 10% more than others. [语篇解读]　本文是一篇说明文。文章通过介绍“匹诺曹效应”即人在撒谎时鼻尖温度会降低，这会导致鼻子稍微变小，进而引入话题，介绍了一种红外热像测谎仪，这种仪器现在已经被认为是世界上最可信的测谎仪。 8．Why does the author mention “Pinocchio” at the beginning? A．To tell a fairy story. B．To warn us not to lie. C．To introduce a research. D．To inspire us to doubt old beliefs. C　解析：推理判断题。根据第二段开头“Dr. Emilio Gómez Milán and his team developed a lie detector test that used thermography to tell if people were lying(Emilio Gómez Milán博士和他的团队开发了一种测谎仪测试，使用热成像仪来判断人们是否在撒谎)”可知，作者在开头提到“匹诺曹”，是为了介绍这一项研究。故选C。 9．What is true to “reverse Pinocchio effect”？ A.Your nose will grow when you tell a lie. B．Your nose will shrink when you tell a lie. C．The temperature of your forehead falls if you lie. D．The temperature of your forehead increases if you lie. B　解析：细节理解题。根据第一段中“found that our noses don't grow when we tell a lie, but actually shrink a bit(发现当我们说谎时，鼻子不会长，但实际上会缩小一点)”可知，“reverse Pinocchio effect”就是当你说谎时，你的鼻子会收缩。故选B。 10．What can we learn from the text? A．Researchers conducted the study by interviewing. B．Researchers designed different lies for participants. C．The thermal lie detector will prove a popular tool. D．The thermal lie detector may assist law enforcement. D　解析：细节理解题。根据最后一段中“It's suggested that law enforcement interviewers should one day combine other lie detection technology with thermal imaging to achieve better results.(有人建议执法人员有朝一日应该将其他测谎技术与热成像技术结合起来，以获得更好的结果。)”可知，热测谎仪可能有助于执法。故选D。 11．What advantage does the thermal lie detector have over other lie detectors? A.Accuracy. B．Convenience. C．Privacy. D．Safety. A　解析：细节理解题。根据最后一段中“The thermal lie detector has been the most reliable in the world, 10% more than others.(热测谎仪是世界上最可靠的，比其他测谎仪高出10%。)”可知，它的优势是可靠、精准。故选A。 D A lot of people ask this question: “Why is body language so important？” Studies have shown that in the process of communication, non­verbal expression has 65% to 93% more influence than actual text. This means that “how to say” is more important than “what to say”. Of course, this does not mean that you don't need to do preparation for your interviews, nor does it mean that you can take any short cuts. On the contrary, this means that you have more things to pay attention to and prepare for. In the real workplace, body language is much more important than you think. Without proper body language, you may find yourself trapped in a circle where you can't integrate with the external environment, not to mention the difficulties in the absence of body language in the workplace. “People can often make inferences from actions, and the results of these inferences directly affect lives: for example, who will be employed and who will be promoted.” Academician Amy Cuddy said in a TV talk show. She also said that “our body language will also affect our perception(感知，看法) of ourselves. When you try to make more authoritative actions，your brain will inadvertently(不经意地) receive signals and actually create an idea that you are more authoritative, so that you have more confidence in yourself”． Therefore, before interviews or important meetings, try not to lean on any object or have a hunched back. Instead, you should try to keep your body relaxed. You can even stand with a relatively authoritative posture(姿势)—of course, you may need to do these things in the bathroom or places where no one could see you. Body language plays a crucial role in your job interviews, careers, and everyday life. Paying attention to body language could make strong impacts on your behavior，which could help you achieve better results. So, every time you are nervous or feel that you can't do it, stretch your body, smile, and tell yourself “Fake it till you become it！” [语篇解读]　本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了肢体语言在职场中的重要性，并给予读者一些建议。 12．What does Paragraph 1 mainly tell us? A．What we say in a conversation is not so important. B．Practicing body language is a short cut to success. C．We should attach great importance to body language. D.Body language carries 93% of conversation messages. C　解析：主旨大意题。由开头提问“Why is body language so important？(为什么肢体语言如此重要？)” 以及后续回答可知，本段主要阐述肢体语言的重要性，我们应该非常重视肢体语言。故选C。 13．According to Amy Cuddy, why is body language important for us? A．It decides whether we are promoted. B.It influences people's impression of us. C．It makes us look more authoritative. D.It helps people understand who we are. B　解析：推理判断题。根据第三段Amy Cuddy说的话“People can often make inferences from actions, and the results of these inferences directly affect lives: for example, who will be employed and who will be promoted.(人们通常可以从行为中做出推断，而这些推断的结果直接影响生活：例如，谁将被录用，谁将被提升。)”可知，Amy Cuddy认为人们通常从肢体语言判断一个人，肢体语言影响他人对我们的印象，并且这些判断结果直接影响生活，所以肢体语言对我们来说很重要，因为它影响人们对我们的印象。故选B。 14．What does the underlined word “hunched” possibly mean? A．Broken down. B．Tied behind. C．Bent forward. D．Straightened up. C　解析：词义猜测题。下文“Instead, you should try to keep your body relaxed. You can even stand with a relatively authoritative posture(相反，你应该试着保持你的身体放松。你甚至可以以一个相对权威的姿势站立)”中instead表示转折，因此推断上文“Therefore, before interviews or important meetings, try not to lean on any object or have a hunched back.( 因此，在面试或重要会议之前，尽量不要倚靠于任何物体或have a hunched back。)” 说明站立时不要倚靠任何物体或者have a hunched back，这里的“a hunched back”指“驼背”，因此推断画线词hunched，指“弓身，弓背”，故选C。 15．Who might be the intended readers of the passage? A．New arrivals in the workplace. B．Body language researchers. C．Working adults to be promoted. D．Viewers of a TV talk show. A　解析：推理判断题。根据第二段的“In the real workplace, body language is much more important than you think.(在真实的工作场所，肢体语言比你想象的要重要得多。)”和最后一段的“Body language plays a crucial role in your job interviews, careers, and everyday life.(肢体语言在你的工作面试、职业生涯和日常生活中起着至关重要的作用。)”可知，推断文章的目标读者是职场新人。故选A。 第二节　(共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分) 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 Some people believe that a career change at 50 is impossible because no one wants to invest in someone so old. 16.______ The key is that you should try your best to grasp the opportunity. What is the secret? 17.______ For 15 years, I had the same job. I enjoyed the work itself, but grew tired of management of the company. The inflexibility of the work affected my work­life balance. With my 52nd birthday approaching, I realized I would have to make a career change. Two months later, my wife spotted an occupation online. So, I applied. 18.______ However, I was surprised to get an online interview. The interview went well, and they told me I'd hear from them the next week if I passed it. So when three weeks passed with no word, you can imagine how frustrated I felt. I carried on looking for other chances, but one afternoon the company's HR phoned me for a second interview! 19.______ Then my wife suggested that I show my true self in the interview. I got her point. I answered their questions as best I could, and eventually I got the Job! It's proved that companies do invest in people over 50. I've realized career changes are more common than I first thought. 20.______ With the right attitude, you can achieve almost anything and get what you want if you have a try. A．It is the right attitude that works. B．I was happy, and I got well prepared. C．However, I've got a career change easily. D.I was shocked, and I began to feel anxious. E．However, I've achieved a career change unexpectedly. F．Lacking experience in that particular role, I was pessimistic. G．I hope that anyone attempting a career change can try something bravely! [语篇解读]　本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者在50岁成功转行的个人经历。 16．E　解析：根据上文“Some people believe that a career change at 50 is impossible because no one wants to invest in someone so old.(有些人认为在50岁时转行是不可能的，因为没有人愿意在这么老的人身上投资。)”以及后文“The key is that you should try your best to grasp the opportunity.(关键是你要尽力抓住机会。)”可知，本句与上文构成转折，指出作者自己实现了职业转变，后文提到了转变的关键。故E选项“然而，我出乎意料地实现了职业转变。”符合语境，故选E。 17．A　解析：根据上文“What is the secret？(秘诀是什么？)”以及后文“For 15 years, I had the same job ... I would have to make a career change. (15年来，我做着同样的工作。我喜欢工作本身，但厌倦了公司的管理。工作的不灵活性影响了我的工作与生活的平衡。随着我52岁生日的临近，我意识到我必须改变职业。)”可知，本句应回答上文提到的“秘诀是什么”的问题，故A选项“正确的态度才会起作用。”符合语境，故选A。 18．F　解析：根据下文“However, I was surprised to get an online interview. The interview went well, and they told me I'd hear from them the next week if I passed it.(然而，我很惊讶能得到一个在线面试的机会。面试进行得很顺利，他们告诉我，如果我通过了，下周就会通知我。)”中的However可知，上下文之间有转折关系，F选项“由于缺乏担任这一职位的经验，我很悲观。”表达了作者的悲观，与下文的成功得到面试机会构成转折关系，符合语境，故选F。 19．D　解析：根据上文“So when three weeks passed with no word ... HR phoned me for a second interview！”以及后文“Then my wife suggested that I show my true self in the interview ... eventually I got the Job！(然后我的妻子建议我在面试中展现真实的自我。 我明白她的意思了。我尽我所能回答了他们的问题，最终我得到了这份工作！)”可知，本句应承接上文说明作者接到电话通知二轮面试后的内心活动，故D选项“我很震惊，我开始感到焦虑。”符合语境，故选D。 20．G　解析：根据上文“It's proved that companies do invest in people over 50. I've realized career changes are more common than I first thought.(事实证明，公司确实对50岁以上的人进行投资。我意识到转行比我开始想象的要普遍得多。)”以及后文“With the right attitude, you can achieve almost anything and get what you want if you have a try.(有了正确的态度，你几乎可以实现任何事情，而且如果你尝试一下，你能得到你想要的。)”可知，作者在52岁时实现了转行，所以建议其他人也进行尝试，G选项中try对应后文中have a try。故G选项“我希望任何想转行的人都能勇敢地尝试一下！”符合语境，故选G。 第二部分　语言运用(共两节，满分30分) 第一节　(共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分) 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 Like many new graduates, I left university full of hope for the future and wanted to make a __21__in the world somehow, but I had no idea how to do that. That's __22__ I learned about the Lighthouse Project. I started my __23__as a Lighthouse Project volunteer by reading as much as I could about the experiences of previous __24__． I knew it would be __25__， and that I would be away from my family and friends for a very long time.__26__， I did not take my decision to apply for the Lighthouse Project __27__. Neither did my family. I sent in all the paperwork needed for the application. After countless interviews and presentations, I managed to __28__ among the candidates and survive the test alone. Several months later, I finally received a call asking me to report for the duty. I would be going to a small village near Abuja, Nigeria. After completing my __29__， I was sent to the village that was small and __30__ in need of proper accommodation. Though the local villagers were poor, they offered their homes, hearts, and food as if I were their own family. I was asked to __31__ a small team of local people in building a new schoolhouse. For the next year or so, I __32__in that same schoolhouse. But I sometimes thought I learned more from my __33__than they did from me. Sometime during that period, I realized that all those things that had seemed so strange or __34__ to me no longer did, though I did not get anywhere with the local language, and returned to the United States a different man. The Lighthouse Project had changed my __35__ forever. [语篇解读]　本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者经历了无数次面试和演讲后，成为灯塔项目的一名志愿者。做志愿者期间的这段宝贵经历使他得到了锻炼，改变了他的生活。 21．A.fortune B．difference C．wish D．attempt B　解析：句意：和许多应届毕业生一样，我走出大学校门时对未来充满希望，想以某种方式改变世界，但我不知道该怎么做。A.fortune财富；B.difference差别；C.wish希望；D.attempt企图。根据上文“Like many new graduates, I left university full of hope for the future”可知，和许多应届毕业生一样，“我”离开大学时对未来充满希望。由此推知，此处指作者想改变(make a difference)世界。故选B项。 22．A.why B．how C．when D．where C　解析：句意：那就是我了解灯塔项目的时候。A.why为什么；B.how怎样；C.when时候；D.where哪里。 根据“I learned about the Lighthouse Project”及句子结构可知，这是一个表语从句，表示“了解灯塔项目的时候”，应该用连接副词when引导从句。故选C项。 23．A.journey B．study C．occupation D．business A　解析：句意：我以灯塔项目志愿者的身份开始了我的旅程，尽可能多地阅读以前志愿者的经历。A.journey旅行；B.study学习；C.occupation工作；D.business商业。根据下文“I knew it would be __25__， and that I would be away from my family and friends for a very long time.”可知，作者会去外地，离开家人和朋友很长一段时间，此处指离开家去外地的这段当志愿者的旅程(journey)。故选A项。 24．A.volunteers B．students C．graduates D．applicants A　解析：句意见上题解析。A.volunteers志愿者；B.students学生；C.graduates毕业生；D.applicants申请人。根据上文“I started my __23__ as a Lighthouse Project volunteer”可知，作者开始了灯塔项目志愿者的旅程，此处指作者尽可能多地阅读以前志愿者(volunteers)的经历。故选A项。 25．A.adventurous B．brief C．dangerous D．tough D　解析：句意：我知道这会很艰难，我会离开我的家人和朋友很长一段时间。A.adventurous冒险的；B.brief简明的；C.dangerous危险的；D.tough艰难的。根据“and that I would be away from my family and friends for a very long time”可知，作者会离开家人和朋友很长一段时间，此处指离开亲人和朋友的这段时间会很艰难(tough)。故选D项。 26．A.In turn B．In reward C．In honor D．In short D　解析：句意：总之，我并没有轻率地决定申请灯塔项目。A.In turn反过来；B.In reward作为回报；C.In honor为了纪念；D.In short简言之。上文说作者知道这会很艰难，因为自己会离开家人和朋友很长一段时间，所以，总之(in short)作者并没有轻率地(lightly)决定申请灯塔项目。故选D项。 27．A.seriously B．lightly C．excitedly D．carefully B　解析：句意见上题解析。A.seriously认真地；B.lightly轻率地；C.excitedly兴奋地；D.carefully小心地。 28．A.stick out B．turn out C．stand out D．pick out C　解析：句意：在无数次面试和演讲之后，我在候选人中脱颖而出，独自通过了考试。A.stick out突出；B.turn out结果是；C.stand out脱颖而出；D.pick out辨认出。根据下文“survive the test alone”可知，作者独自通过了考试，由此推知，作者很优秀，从候选人中脱颖而出(stand out)。故选C项。 29．A.treatment B．accommodation C．schedules D．training D　解析：句意：完成培训后，我被派往一个小村庄，那里迫切需要合适的宿舍。A.treatment治疗；B.accommodation住处；C.schedules时间表；D.training培训。根据上文“Several months later, I finally received a call asking me to report for the duty.”以及下文“I was sent to the village”，再结合作者申请灯塔项目志愿者的发展进程，可推知，此处指作者在报到后被送到一个小村庄之前要接受培训(training)。故选D项。 30．A.regularly B．desperately C．hardly D．helplessly B　解析：句意见上题解析。A.regularly有规律地；B.desperately迫切地；C.hardly几乎不；D.helplessly 无助地。根据下文“I was asked to __31__ a small team of local people in building a new schoolhouse.”可知，作者被要求带领一小队当地人建造一所新校舍。由此推知，当地迫切(desperately)需要宿舍。故选B项。 31．A.convince B．lead C．represent D．undertake B　解析：句意：我被要求带领一小队当地人建造一所新校舍。A.convince说服；B.lead带领；C.represent代表；D.undertake承担。作者是志愿者，被要求带领(lead)当地人建造新校舍。故选B项。 32．A.studied B．survived C．supported D．taught D　解析：句意：接下来的一年左右，我在同一所学校教书。A.studied研究；B.survived幸存；C.supported支持；D.taught教。根据文章内容可知，作者是当志愿者，在学校应该是教学生。故选D项。 33．A.villagers B．colleagues C．students D．competitors C　解析：句意：但有时我觉得我从学生身上学到的比他们从我身上学到的更多。A.villagers村民；B.colleagues同事；C.students学生；D.competitors竞争对手。根据上文“For the next year or so, I __32__ in that same schoolhouse.”可知，作者在学校教书。由此推知，此处指作者从自己的学生(students)那里学到更多。故选C项。 34．A.unusual B．similar C．cruel D．familiar A　解析：句意：在那段时间的某个时候，我意识到所有那些对我来说很奇怪或不寻常的事情都不足为奇了，尽管我在当地语言方面没有取得任何进展，我仍以另一个姿态返回到了美国。A.unusual不寻常的；B.similar相像的；C.cruel残酷的；D.familiar熟悉的。此处指作者经历了灯塔项目的锻炼，原来感到奇怪或不寻常(unusual)的事情都不足为奇了。故选A项。 35．A.character B．experience C．life D．interest C　解析：句意：灯塔项目改变了我的生活。A.character性格；B.experience经验；C.life生活；D.interest兴趣。根据上文“Sometime during that period, I realized that all those things that had seemed so strange or __34__ to me no longer did”可知，作者意识到所有那些对他来说很奇怪或不寻常的事情都不足为奇了，经历了该项目的锻炼，作者改变了自己的生活(life)。故选C项。 第二节　(共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分) 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 (2022·河北保定二模)World Wrestling Entertainment(WWE) superstar Charlotte Flair is leading by example by using her platform to show a woman's strength in a historically male­dominated sport. At first, Flair 36.__________(inspire) to take up wrestling by her father and brother. “It was my little brother who motivated me to begin wrestling, ” she said. “Now I continue to live his dream and continue my father's career.” Being a woman in wrestling means being devoted to supporting other female athletes and fighting 37.__________ women's strength. “It means that I get to use my platform to promote strength and confidence in 38.__________ was once considered a man's world. I 39.__________ (full) believe female athletes are superstars，”Flair said. While Flair's field 40.__________(focus) mainly on outside strength, she notes that inner strength is equally 41.__________(importance) in the world of sports entertainment. “As a female athlete, your inner strength is only as strong as your outer strength as long as you believe in 42.__________(you)，” she said. Flair, 43.__________ feels most powerful in her wrestling boots, wants women and girls to be better by inspiring one another and working together. “Instead of 44.__________(compete) with one another in an unhealthy way, we should work together 45.__________(create) change，” she said. [语篇解读]　本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了Flair从事摔跤的一些个人经历以及她对这项运动的一些看法。 36．was inspired　解析：考查动词的时态、语态和主谓一致。句子描述过去发生的事情应用一般过去时，主语与谓语动词构成被动关系，故用一般过去时的被动语态；主语为Flair，谓语动词用第三人称单数形式。故填was inspired。 37．for　解析：考查介词。结合句意，表示“为……而奋斗”可知，短语为fight for。故填for。 38．what　解析：考查宾语从句的引导词。此处引导宾语从句，从句中缺少主语，指物，故应用what。故填what。 39．fully　解析：考查副词。修饰后文动词believe应用副词fully，作状语。故填fully。 40．focuses　解析：考查动词的时态和主谓一致。根据后文“she notes”可知为一般现在时，主语为Flair's field，谓语动词用第三人称单数。故填focuses。 41．important　解析：考查形容词。根据上文“inner strength is”可知应填形容词important，作表语。故填important。 42．yourself　解析：考查代词。结合句意表示“相信你自己”应用反身代词yourself。故填yourself。 43．who　解析：考查定语从句的关系词。此处为非限制性定语从句修饰先行词Flair，关系词在从句中作主语，指人，故应用关系代词who引导，that不能引导非限制性定语从句。故填who。 44．competing　解析：考查非谓语动词。compete作介词of的宾语，应用动名词形式。故填competing。 45．to create　解析：考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，create在句中应用非谓语动词形式，此处作目的状语，应用动词不定式。故填to create。 第三部分　写作(共两节，满分40分) 第一节　(满分15分) 假定你是李华，你打算参加学校的“职业规划演讲比赛”，请根据提示，以“My Career Planning”为题写一篇演讲稿，内容包括： 1．职业目标； 2．理由； 3．打算。 注意： 1．词数80左右； 2．可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。 ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ [参考范文] My Career Planning Good morning, everyone! It's my great honor to share with you my career plan today! I would like to be an engineer after my graduation because I am so interested in physics and chemistry that I sometimes forget to eat meals. Meanwhile, engineering is one of the most popular careers in China. Since I have planned my career, I would spare no effort to study all the related courses well. I'm sure I will make it! Thank you! 第二节　(满分25分) 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 Getting to watch surgeries should be exciting for any medical student. But in my case, while two doctors were doing the operation, I was checking my phone every 20 seconds to see how much longer until I could leave. I didn't belong there; I was only pretending to be there. The truth was, halfway through university, I knew I didn't want to be a doctor. And I had to decide whether to keep lying to myself, or change course. Before university, I had no idea what I wanted to do with my life. I'd always wanted to do English but my parents didn't approve, saying there was no money in it. So I figured I'd just pick a career that looked well­paid, satisfying, and would make my parents proud. “Doctor” hit all three, so I decided to do medicine. I knew all the coursework wouldn't be easy, but didn't expect to find it as hard as I did. I spent many late nights and weekends studying my brains out, but still didn't get good grades. I just couldn't get the material to stick to my brain. By exam time, my grades were terrible and I felt like a fool, but I thought maybe a medical internship(实习期) would help raise my spirits. Absurdly, my internship was where I realized how little I wanted to be a doctor. Every day I'd just go into work and do exactly what I was told, go where I was told to go, and watch what I was told to watch. And then I'd go home. It was fun whenever I got to play with expensive microscopes or watch crazy surgeries, but the rest of the time I struggled to get through the day. The other interns, however, practically worked so hard. They were so driven. I thought, “Wow, these interns really want to be doctors. I obviously don't.” It was a sad realization that led to a sadder, scarier question: If I didn't want to be a doctor, what did I want to do? 注意： 1．续写词数应为150左右； 2．请按如下格式在相应位置作答。 Paragraph 1： It wasn't an easy decision.___________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ Paragraph 2： Eventually, I changed my course to English writing and suddenly I was enjoying university._______________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ [参考范文] Paragraph 1： It wasn't an easy decision. I had two choices—either keep lying to myself or do a different degree. Changing course would make the past two years of university a waste of time and money. But I realized that though I'd hate myself for quitting, I'd hate myself more if I ended up being a terrible doctor. I was glad to move onto something new, but I had to deal with my parents' constant disappointment and complaints about my future. Paragraph 2： Eventually, I changed my course to English writing and suddenly I was enjoying university. I was still studying my brains out writing all night and through the weekend, but, this time, enjoying the pain. I'd spend hours perfecting a single paragraph until I was happy with it. Five hours feels like 20 seconds because I was having so much fun striking my head on the keyboard until good words come out. I started looking for internships that would give me experience in professional writing. Fortunately, I made it as an editorial assistant at a website. 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$