课时跟踪检测(3)（Word练习）-【优化指导】2024-2025学年新教材高中英语选择性必修第四册（译林版2020）

课时跟踪检测(三) [对应学生用书P137] Ⅰ.单词拼写 1．It's such a privilege to be a part of these kids' lives, even just for a few hours, getting to know them and hearing their stories. 2．Emily Galvin，his lawyer，held back tears as Mr South embraced(拥抱) his sons，aged 19 and 12. 3．If a nuclear war really breaks out, the world will enter a very dangerous phase． 4．They went on foot and I did likewise(同样). 5．My next work was to construct a nest and anchor(使固定) it in a tree. 6．If you are in need of a deadline(最后期限) extension, simply explain the situation to the professor. 7．It wasn't until her friend was badly hurt that Kerry became aware of her habit of finding fault． 8．Both of them had the qualities and virtues that are typical of great heroes. 9．We must not overestimate the accuracy of organic(有机的) change as a measure of time. 10．There will still be lots of challenges if we are to classify garbage in a short time. Ⅱ.单句语法填空 1．If you love social(society) hostels，this is the best hostel for you in Rome. 2．As the twins looked around them in disappointment(disappoint), their father appeared. 3．So would you be kind enough to spare some time to give me some guidance(guide)? 4．They made a living as divers, spearfishing or harvesting(harvest) shellfish. 5．Even though he is not morally perfect, we chose him in the hope of betterment(better). 6．He was fat and lazy and discouraged(courage), and bad luck had become a habit with him. 7．Similarly(similar), when we look for a book, we either go to where we left the book, or we guess that it is stored with other books. 8．She wrote notes in the margin and kept a record of her successes and failures(fail). 9．Hopefully(hopeful) people in the remote mountainous areas will have easier access to medical treatment. 10．He is a man with many admirable qualities, such as his determination(determine) and self­confidence. Ⅲ.用合适的介词或副词填空 1．The slaves had no freedom and even their lives were at the mercy of the slave owners. 2．Formerly the pleasure ships were anchored in a small town—Yangshuo. 3．However, life can be great when you are not busy finding fault with it. 4．The lack of money weighed on him. 5．I couldn't help but wonder: is this what lay in store for me? 6．In no way am I responsible for what has happened. 7．It had been useless to run, as the nearest cover was far beyond reach. 8．Together the four men set out to look for the lost animal. 9．Apart from good service，the restaurant offers different kinds of traditional Fujian dishes. 10．What you have told me may make a difference to my own position. Ⅳ.完成句子 1．I'm retired and it_would_be_my_pleasure_to_drive you wherever you wish. 我已经退休了，无论你想去哪里，我都很乐意开车带你去。 2．When I saw her in the river I was frightened. For_at_that_point the currents were dangerous. 看见她在河里时，我吓坏了。因为那个地方水流非常危险。 3．What I admire is not_what_you_have,_but_rather_what_you_are． 我所羡慕的不是你所拥有的东西，而是你的为人。 4．Teens may find it more difficult to control risky behavior in situations where_they_are_ extremely_angry． 青少年可能会发现，在极度愤怒的情况下，他们更难控制危险行为。 5．Give_me_a_chance，and_I'll_give you a wonderful surprise. 给我一个机会，我会给你一个惊喜。 Ⅰ.阅读理解 A (2022·山东威海高二下期末)On 11 March, 2011, a terrible earthquake shook Japan at 14：46, which immediately generated waves high enough to flood towns along the coasts. Onagawa was one of them. The wave not only left the town flattened, but took the lives of 827 people out of a population of 10，014. Ten years on, more than 10，400 people now live in a town that has rebuilt itself with a bold approach. It decided to “adapt” to the tsunami that Mother Nature generates. From any point in Onagawa, you can see the cove(海湾), the very point that brought waves into the town ten years ago. Instead of covering it with a concrete wall as a tide­preventive breakwater, which the neighboring town has adopted, in Onagawa the view to the ocean is wide open. The town decided that it wants to not only live with the beautiful view of the ocean, but also be able to see the wave with their own eyes when it transforms itself into a frightening tsunami, so that they know which way to run. The town also moved its centre to the coast where the ground is raised with an embankment(筑堤). A comfortable outdoor shopping mall was built, and the school, city hall and work places are located just few metres higher. The structure allows the whole town to act as one, guiding them toward a newly secured path that will save their lives on higher ground, instead of scattering in all directions. Strong leadership brought the town to what it is today. Onagawa's young mayor played a vital role in keeping the spirit of the people up. But it came down to other individuals, too, said Toshihiko Abe, former head of the recovery division of the city hall. “The town is small enough to make everyone play a role, leading in one way or the other. No one is left behind. We also make sure that those over 60 stand back and let the younger generation take the lead.” [语篇解读]　本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了2011年3月一场可怕的地震给日本造成了巨大的破坏，曾经被海啸夷为平地的Onagawa就是其中的一个代表城镇，十年过去了，之所以现在有10 400多人生活在这个重建的小镇上，不仅归功于强有力的领导，而且每一个个体都发挥着至关重要的作用。 1．What does Paragraph 1 mainly tell us about the tsunami in Onagawa? A.Its effects. B．Its causes. C．The responses to it. D．The lessons from it. A　解析：主旨大意题。根据第一段可知，2011年3月11日14时46分，一场可怕的地震震动了日本，立即产生了足以淹没沿海城镇的巨浪。Onagawa就是其中之一。海啸不仅把该镇夷为平地，还夺走了10 014人中827人的生命。由此可知，关于Onagawa的海啸，第一段主要告诉我们它的影响。故选A项。 2．What might the underlined “bold” mean in Paragraph 2? A．Typical. B．Daring. C．Complicated. D．Sustainable. B　解析：词义猜测题。根据文章第二段可知，十年过去了，现在有10 400多人生活在一个以……的方式重建的小镇上。它决定“适应”大自然产生的海啸。由此可知，想生活在这个城镇上，就得“适应”大自然产生的海啸，所以这里的人们必须有足够的胆量，所以画线词的意思是“大胆的”。故选B项。 3．What may help Onagawa against tsunamis? ①the tide­preventive breakwater ②the all­in­one town structure ③the wide open view to the ocean ④the safety path extending in all directions A．①② B．①③ C．②④ D．②③ D　解析：细节理解题。根据第三段第二句(在Onagawa镇，人们没有用混凝土墙作为防潮防波堤来覆盖它，反而在那可以看到开阔的海景。)及第四段第三句(这种结构使整个城镇成为一个整体，引导他们走向一条新的安全道路，这条道路将在更高的地面上拯救他们的生命，而不是分散在各个方向。)可知，一体化的城镇结构和大海的开阔视野可以帮助Onagawa抵御海啸。故选D项。 4．What can we infer about the recovery of Onagawa? A．Old people should give way. B．Young generation plays a vital role. C．Everyone makes a difference. D.Strong leadership means good governance. C　解析：推理判断题。根据文章最后一段可知，强有力的领导使该镇达到了今天的水平。Onagawa的年轻镇长在保持人民精神方面发挥了至关重要的作用。但市政厅恢复部门前负责人Toshihiko Abe说，“这也取决于其他个体。这个小镇很小，每个人都可以发挥作用，以这样或那样的方式发挥领导作用。没有人落后……”由此可知，关于Onagawa的复苏，每个人都能发挥作用。故选C项。 B (2022·江苏南通高三期末)SpaceX, Elon musk's rocket company, launched the newly designed Crew Dragon capsule carrying four astronauts to space on Nov. 16. The spacecraft successfully docked(对接) with the International Space Station(ISS) on Nov. 17. This is the first time that NASA has sent a crew into orbit entirely via a privately­owned spacecraft. “It's the start of a new era in which routine astronaut journeys to low­Earth orbit are being conducted by commercial providers，” NASA said. NASA's commercial manned program has taken a lot of risks. Whether the funding is sufficient in the long term and whether the companies have the capabilities to solve all the technical difficulties have been repeatedly questioned by the US Congress. Before the launch, NASA had cooperated with SpaceX for more than a decade to build a manned spacecraft. Back in 2014, NASA was facing a vital decision—choosing the finalists to complete the task of developing alternative space shuttles. Eventually, it came down to Boeing and SpaceX. There was fierce competition between the two companies to complete the mission. In December 2019, Boeing's manned spaceship, CST­100 Starliner, conducted a test flight, but due to multiple errors, the flight failed to reach the ISS. The recent launch of the Dragon capsule wasn't flawless, either. An air leak caused an unexpected drop in capsule pressure less than two hours before launch, a NASA official said. Thanks to the technicians, the launch wasn't affected. In the coming year, US actor Tom Cruise will start a commercial space journey on the Dragon capsule to film a movie at the ISS. At the same time, Boeing is catching up. The company will conduct another unmanned flight in 2021, and its first manned mission will take place sometime in 2022. “ It very much follows the aviation(航空) era where airliners used to be government­run, and now of course they've been commercial for a number of decades，” said one of the Dragon capsule crew members. [语篇解读]　本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了美国航天局的首次私人商业航天飞船成功载人上天，这是一个开端，开启了商业航天的新时代。 5．What is the significance of the successful launch of Crew Dragon capsule? A．It carried four astronauts into the space. B.It successfully docked with the International Space Station. C．It sent ordinary people to space for the first time. D．It marks the beginning of spaceflights being conducted by commercial providers. D　解析：细节理解题。根据第二段第二句可知，龙飞船太空舱的成功发射标志着商业供应商开始进行太空飞行。故选D项。 6．What's the main factor contributing to the successful launch of Crew Dragon capsule? A.SpaceX's long­term cooperation with NASA. B．Boeing's failure in the test flight due to multiple errors. C．SpaceX's having sufficient funding. D.All the technical difficulties being timely fixed. D　解析：细节理解题。根据第四段第二句可知，最近发射的龙飞船太空舱也不是完美无缺的。一位美国宇航局官员说，在发射前不到两小时，一次空气泄漏导致太空舱压力意外下降。多亏了技术人员，发射没有受到影响。成功发射龙飞船太空舱的主要因素是所有的技术难题都得到了及时的解决。故选D项。 7．What does the underlined “it” refer to in Paragraph 5? A.Crew Dragon capsule launched by SpaceX. B．Commercial space exploration. C．The competition between Boeing and SpaceX. D．Commercial airliners. B　解析：代词指代题。根据第五段第一句可知，明年，美国演员汤姆·克鲁斯将乘坐龙飞船太空舱在国际空间站开始商业太空旅行，并拍摄一部电影。与此同时，波音正在迎头赶上。下划线的代词it指的是“商业太空探索”。故选B项。 8．Which one can be the best title for this passage? A．Manned Spaceflight Was Launched B．Spaceflights Go Commercial C．NASA Faces Lots of Risks D．SpaceX Leads the Way in Spaceflights B　解析：标题概括题。根据第二段第一句可知，这是美国宇航局首次完全通过私人航天器将宇航员送入轨道。美国国家航空航天局表示：“这是一个新时代的开始，在这个时代里，宇航员到近地轨道的例行旅行将由商业供应商进行。”本文主要讲述了美国航天局的首次私人商业航天飞船成功载人上天，这是一个开端，开启了商业航天的新时代，因此本文的最佳标题选项B“航天商业化”符合题意。故选B项。 Ⅱ.完形填空 (2022·广东惠州高二期中)My family lived about a mile from the Bertram Woods Library. Throughout my childhood, my mother drove me there several times a week. Our visits were never __1__ enough for me. I loved wandering around the shelves, __2__ the spines(书脊) of the books until something happened to __3__ my eye. I might have spent the rest of my life __4__ libraries the way I viewed the amusement park I went to as a kid. But then the __5__ feeling came back into my life unexpectedly. One day after we moved to Los Angeles in 2011, my son wanted to interview a __6__ for his school assignment. So we went to the closest library. As we drove over to meet the librarian, I experienced a(n) __7__ of this similar journey in my past—another parent and child on their way to the library. The __8__ didn't look anything like the Bertram Woods, but when we __9__ inside, a shock of recognition __10__ me. Decades had passed, but I really felt as if I had __11__ to that time and place, walking into the library with my mother. __12__ had changed. There was the same soft sound of pencil on paper, and the __13__ of people at the tables in the center of the room. The wooden checkout counters, the librarians' desks, the bulletin board, were all the same. It wasn't that time __14__ in the library. It was as if it had been captured here, or collected. A library, for me, is a gathering pool of __15__ and of the people who come to find them. [语篇解读]　本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者和图书馆的故事，在很多年以后，作者又来到了一个充满着小时候回忆的图书馆之中。 1．A.long B．easy C．boring D．interesting A　解析：句意：我们待在图书馆的时间永远是不够长的。A.long长的； B．easy容易的；C.boring无聊的；D.interesting有趣的。根据句意及下文对图书馆的热爱可知，“我”从来都不觉得长，也就是觉得在图书馆的时间过得快。故选A项。 2．A.staring B．reading C．watching D．scanning D　解析：句意：我喜欢在书架间走动，双眼在书脊间扫视，直到某本书吸引住我的眼睛。A.staring盯着；B.reading读；C.watching观看；D.scanning扫描。 这里表示“我”会用眼睛扫过书脊，寻找“我”喜欢的书，速度应该是比较快的，所以选择scan(快速扫描)。故选D项。 3．A.fill B．catch C．open D．block B　解析：句意见上题解析。 A．fill填入；B.catch抓住；C.open打开；D.block堵住。catch one's eyes 表示抓住某人的眼球，这里是作者扫过书脊等待某一本书吸引自己。故选B项。 4．A.wandering around B．thinking about C．talking about D．looking for B　解析：句意：在我的余生中，我可能会像看待小时候去的游乐园那样看待图书馆。A.wandering around徘徊； B．thinking about思考，认为；C.talking about谈论；D.looking for寻找。 这里表示作者余生一直会觉得图书馆和游乐场差不多，表示“认为”应该用thinking about，故选B项。 5．A.familiar B．exciting C．funny D．warm A　解析：句意：但是后来， 有一种熟悉的感觉在不经意间来到我的生活中。A.familiar熟悉的；B.exciting兴奋的； C．funny有趣的；D.warm温暖的。 这里讲到有一种熟悉的感觉(小时候在图书馆里的熟悉感觉)在不经意间来了，选择familiar，故选A项。 6．A.professor B．teacher C．bookseller D．librarian D　解析：句意：为了完成学校的作业任务，我儿子要去采访一个图书管理员。 A．professor教授；B.teacher教师；C.bookseller售书者；D.librarian图书管理员。根据句意及下文可知，访问的是一个图书管理员，故选D项。 7．A.memory B．adventure C．hardship D．excitement A　解析：句意：当我们驱车去见图书管理员时，我经历了与小时候相似的一段旅程的记忆。 A.memory记忆；B.adventure冒险；C.hardship艰辛；D.excitement激动。 根据句意，“我”再次经历了“我”儿时的关于图书馆的回忆，应该用experience the memory，故选A项。 8．A.school B．building C．desks D．books B　解析：句意：这个图书馆的建筑和我小时候常去的Bertram Woods 图书馆的建筑一点也不一样，但是当我们走进去时，一种熟悉的认识感使我感到震惊。A.school学校；B.building建筑(大楼)；C.desks书桌；D.books书本。这里是作者说这个图书馆的建筑和自己小时候常去的Bertram Woods 图书馆的建筑一点也不一样，故选B项。 9．A.looked B．drove C．stepped D．read C　解析：句意见上题解析。 A．looked看；B.drove驾驶；C.stepped步入；D.read读。step inside表示“踏进，走进去”，故选C项。 10．A.stuck B．disappointed C．defeated D．struck D　解析：句意见第8题解析。 A．stuck坚持，粘住；B.disappointed失望的；C.defeated 击败； D.struck打击，撞击。“我们”走进图书馆的时候，“我”被震惊了，应该是内心感到撞击，被震惊了，故选D项。 11．A.fallen B．returned C．gone D．devoted B　解析：句意：尽管几十年过去了，但我觉得自己好像又回到小时候在图书馆里的那个时间，那个地方。 A．fallen落下；B.returned回到；C.gone走，去；D.devoted投入，专注。根据“a shock of recognition”可知，让“我”有一种回到过去的时光和地点的感觉，故选B项。 12．A.Everybody B．Everything C．Nobody D．Nothing D　解析：句意：什么也没有变。 A．Everybody每个人；B.Everything每件事(物)；C.Nobody没人；D.Nothing没有事(物)。结合下一句中的“the same”可知，作者觉得这里和过去相比没有一丝变化，故选D项。 13．A.talking B．laughing C．whispering D．chatting C　解析：句意：图书馆里人们轻轻地在纸上写字的铅笔的声音，人们在房间中央的桌边小声说话，这些场景都与以前的图书馆里的场景一模一样。 A．talking谈；B.laughing笑；C.whispering小声说，耳语；D.chatting聊天。根据句意可知，因为是在图书馆里，人们在桌边低声耳语，而不是大声说笑，故选C项。 14．A.travelled B．flew C．stopped D．changed C　解析：句意：感觉眼前的时光不是儿时的时光停止在这里，而是好像是儿时的时光在这里被捕获和收集。A.travelled旅行；B.flew飞；C.stopped停下，拦下；D.changed改变。根据句意，对照后半句的“时光在这里被捕获，被收集”可知，前半句是说“感觉眼前的时光不是儿时的时光停止在这里”，这里的stopped是过去分词作定语修饰前面的time，故选C项。 15．A.books B．contents C．stories D．achievements C　解析：句意：对我来说，图书馆是一个故事的汇集地，也是那些来寻找它们的人的汇集地。A.books书；B.contents内容；C.stories故事；D.achievements成就。根据句意可知，图书馆是故事和人的汇集之地，故选C项。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$