Unit 2 Section Ⅱ Using language（课件PPT）-【优化指导】2024-2025学年新教材高中英语选择性必修第四册（外研版2019）

UNIT 2　Lessons in life (单元主题语境：人与自我——人生智慧) Section Ⅱ　Using language 被动语态 [观察] 1．On discovering that Morrie is being weakened by a severe illness，Mitch starts visiting him at his house on Tuesdays. 2．Indeed，it was a pleasant surprise to find that this book is filled with joy and hope. 3．After finishing it，I feel I have been given a deeper insight into the world and can see things from a different point of view. UNIT 2　Lessons in life 英语　选择性必修　第四册　W 返回导航 4．Reading this book made me feel as if I'd been woken up from a long sleep and finally opened my eyes to the world! 5．A box of tissues will be needed to get through this book! UNIT 2　Lessons in life 英语　选择性必修　第四册　W 返回导航 [探究] 句1是___________的被动语态；句2是__________的被动语态；句3是__________的被动语态；句4是__________的被动语态；句5是__________的被动语态。 现在进行时 一般现在时 现在完成时 过去完成时 一般将来时 UNIT 2　Lessons in life 英语　选择性必修　第四册　W 返回导航 什么情况下使用被动语态？ _____________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 不知道或没有必要指明动作的执行者是谁时用被动语态；需要强调或突出动作的承受者或事件本身时也常用被动语态。 UNIT 2　Lessons in life 英语　选择性必修　第四册　W 返回导航 一、被动语态的构成 被动语态由“be＋过去分词”构成。be随着主语的人称、数、时态和语气的不同而变化。被动语态的各种时态形式如下：(以do为例) UNIT 2　Lessons in life 英语　选择性必修　第四册　W 返回导航 分类 一般时 进行时 完成时 现在 am/is/are done am/is/are being done have/has been done 过去 was/were done was/were being done had been done 将来 shall/will be done 无 shall/will have been done 过去将来 would be done 无 would have been done UNIT 2　Lessons in life 英语　选择性必修　第四册　W 返回导航 [感知] 1．The classroom is cleaned by us every day.(一般现在时的被动语态) 教室每天都由我们打扫。 2．The window of her car was broken by a bough during last night's storm.(一般过去时的被动语态) 在昨晚的暴风雨中她的车窗被一根大树枝砸坏了。 UNIT 2　Lessons in life 英语　选择性必修　第四册　W 返回导航 3．(2024·新课标 Ⅰ 卷)No experience necessary.Training and tools will be provided.(一般将来时的被动语态) 无需经验。我们将提供培训和工具。 4．The road is being repaired by construction workers.(现在进行时的被动语态) 建筑工人正在修路。 UNIT 2　Lessons in life 英语　选择性必修　第四册　W 返回导航 5．(2024·新课标 Ⅱ 卷)It was very exciting to hear the Chinese language and see how Tang's play was being performed.(过去进行时的被动语态) 听到中国的语言，看到汤显祖的戏剧是如何被演绎的，这让人激动不已。 6．(2022·全国乙卷)Since April drinks companies have been forced to pay between 18p and 24p for every litre of sugary drink they produce or import，depending on the sugar content.(现在完成时的被动语态) 自4月以来，饮料公司被迫为自己生产或进口的含糖饮料缴纳每升18便士至24便士不等的糖税，具体数额取决于含糖量。 UNIT 2　Lessons in life 英语　选择性必修　第四册　W 返回导航 7．The project will have been completed before July.(将来完成时的被动语态) 在7月前这项工程将会完成。 8．I didn't know that my watch had been mended.(过去完成时的被动语态) 我不知道我的手表已经修好了。 9．We were told that a big reservoir would be built in his hometown.(过去将来时的被动语态) 我们得知他的家乡将要建一个大水库。 UNIT 2　Lessons in life 英语　选择性必修　第四册　W 返回导航 [即练] 单句填空 1．It turned out that the children __________(take) good care of in her house. 2．Some of you ____________(send) abroad for further training next month. 3．The classroom ________________(clean) by the students now. 4．The room ________________(paint) when I left. were taken will be sent is being cleaned was being painted UNIT 2　Lessons in life 英语　选择性必修　第四册　W 返回导航 5．The book _________________(translate) into English and French by the end of last month. 6．The meeting _______(hold) at 3 p．m.every Friday. 7．The report _________________(finish) by the team in the last two weeks. 8．By the end of next year，this bridge _____________________ (complete). had been translated is held has been finished will have been completed UNIT 2　Lessons in life 英语　选择性必修　第四册　W 返回导航 二、被动语态的特殊形式 [感知] 1．Something must be done to stop the water from being polluted. 必须采取措施来阻止水受到污染。 2．The boy got hurt when he was riding to school. 那个男孩在骑车上学的路上受伤了。 UNIT 2　Lessons in life 英语　选择性必修　第四册　W 返回导航 [归纳] 1．含有情态动词的被动语态的结构为“情态动词＋be＋过去分词”。 2．在口语和非正式的语体中，常用“get＋过去分词”表示被动语态，其中get相当于be动词，起助动词的作用。这种形式常用来强调结果。 UNIT 2　Lessons in life 英语　选择性必修　第四册　W 返回导航 [即练] 单句填空 1．It's inspiring that a great breakthrough _____________(make) in manned spaceflight in our country in the past 10 years. 2．Every day a new film _________(play) in the cinema. 3．Travelling to conferences，lectures，workshops，and the like—frequently by plane—_______________________(view) as important for scientists to get together and exchange information. has been made is played is viewed/has been viewed UNIT 2　Lessons in life 英语　选择性必修　第四册　W 返回导航 4．Before we left the office，the project _________________(finish). 5．Everything that ___________(done) has been done. 6．Surely one or two of them could ___________(depend) on for assistance. had been finished can be done be depended UNIT 2　Lessons in life 英语　选择性必修　第四册　W 返回导航 三、主动语态变被动语态的注意事项 [感知] 1．His best friend often looks after him. →He is often looked after by his best friend. 他最好的朋友经常照顾他。 UNIT 2　Lessons in life 英语　选择性必修　第四册　W 返回导航 2．Her mother bought her a computer. →She was bought a computer by her mother. →A computer was bought for her by her mother. 她妈妈给她买了一台电脑。 3．They call him Louis. →He is called Louis. 他们叫他路易斯。 UNIT 2　Lessons in life 英语　选择性必修　第四册　W 返回导航 [归纳] 1．带有介词或副词的动词短语用作被动语态的谓语时，介词或副词不能省略。 2．含有双宾语的主动结构变为被动结构时，有两种方法：一是将间接宾语变为主语，直接宾语保持不变；二是将直接宾语变为主语，间接宾语前加介词to或for。 3．主动语态若有复合宾语(即句子结构为“主语＋谓语＋宾语＋宾语补足语”)，将主动句的宾语变为被动句的主语，宾语补足语不变。 UNIT 2　Lessons in life 英语　选择性必修　第四册　W 返回导航 主动句“使役动词/感官动词＋宾语＋宾语补足语(不带to的动词不定式)”变为被动句时，后面的不定式需要加上to。 Mr.Lee made him wash the dishes. →He was made to wash the dishes by Mr.Lee. 李先生让他洗盘子。 UNIT 2　Lessons in life 英语　选择性必修　第四册　W 返回导航 四、主动形式表示被动意义 [感知] 1．The door doesn't open easily. 这个门不容易开。 2．The poem reads well. 这首诗读起来很美。 UNIT 2　Lessons in life 英语　选择性必修　第四册　W 返回导航 3．The soup smells good but tastes terrible. 这汤闻起来很鲜美，但尝起来却很糟糕。 4．The shop opens at 8：00 in the morning every day. 商店每天上午八点开始营业。 UNIT 2　Lessons in life 英语　选择性必修　第四册　W 返回导航 [归纳] 1．lock、open、shut、move、read、sell、wash、write等动词和well、badly、easily等副词连用时，表示主语的内在品质或性能，它们是不及物动词，常用主动形式表示被动意义。 2．动词look、sound、feel、smell、taste、seem、turn、fall、grow、keep、go、stay作系动词时，后跟名词或形容词作表语，表示主语的特点，此时用主动形式表示被动意义。 3．表示开始、结束、运动的动词，如begin、finish、open、stop、move等，用主动形式表示被动意义。 UNIT 2　Lessons in life 英语　选择性必修　第四册　W 返回导航 不能用于被动语态的几种常见情况： ①不及物动词或不及物动词短语不能用于被动语态。 ②表示状态的谓语动词，如last、hold、contain、fit、cost等。 ③表示归属的动词(短语)，如have、own、belong to等。 UNIT 2　Lessons in life 英语　选择性必修　第四册　W 返回导航 [即练] 将下列主动句转换成被动句 1．His coach told him to practice harder if he wants to win the championship. →_____________________________________________________________________________ He was told (by his coach) to practice harder if he wants to win the championship. UNIT 2　Lessons in life 英语　选择性必修　第四册　W 返回导航 2．I gave my cousin a toy at the Spring Festival. →______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 3．My brother is cleaning the window. →__________________________________________ My cousin was given a toy (by me) at the Spring Festival./A toy was given to my cousin (by me) at the Spring Festival. The window is being cleaned by my brother. UNIT 2　Lessons in life 英语　选择性必修　第四册　W 返回导航 4．I have told the children many times not to skate on the pond. →____________________________________________________________ 5．Do they take good care of the sick? →__________________________________? The children have been told many times (by me) not to skate on the pond. Are the sick taken good care of by them UNIT 2　Lessons in life 英语　选择性必修　第四册　W 返回导航 用所给词的适当形式填空 My school 1.___________(situate) in the west of the county.Many flowers and trees 2._______________(plant) in the school yard，so it is very beautiful.An office building and a lab 3.___________________(construct).Last year，a new playground 4._________(build).It is said that a dining hall 5.___________(set) up next year.The classrooms and dormitories 6.___________(clean) every day，so they are clean and tidy.Every year，my school's college entrance examination results are ranked top in the whole city.My school is worth 7._______(visit). is situated have been planted was built are being constructed will be set are cleaned visiting UNIT 2　Lessons in life 英语　选择性必修　第四册　W 返回导航 课时梯级训练(六) 谢 谢 $$