Unit 3 Section Ⅲ Using Language-【金版教程】2024-2025学年高中英语选择性必修第四册作业与测评word（人教版2019）

Section Ⅲ　Using Language [基础训练] Ⅰ　根据语境及汉语提示和首字母提示完成句子 1．As a result of this westward ________ (迁移), Americans eventually occupied the whole continent—from the Atlantic to the Pacific. 答案：migration 2．We need to make sure that we ________ (开发) our resources as fully as possible. 答案：exploit 3．Carl's starting college in September. ________ (与此同时), he's travelling around Europe. 答案：Meanwhile 4．This option lets you search your current ________ (目录) for files by date, contents, and document summary. 答案：directory 5．The family made an official complaint to a ship's officer, which was recorded in the ________ (日志)． 答案：log 6．Her husband was m________ by gunmen as she watched. 答案：murdered 7．After the boat's motor failed, they were at the m________ of the weather. 答案：mercy 8．The p________ of large amounts of money does not ensure happiness. 答案：possession 9．Leading o________ of the proposed cuts in defence spending will meet later today. 答案：opponents 10．M________ biologists are concerned about the effects of untreated sewage that is flowing into coastal waters. 答案：Marine Ⅱ　单句语法填空 1．Conservationists in Chile are concerned about the effect of commercial ________ (exploit) of forests. 答案：exploitation 2．They asked her to be ________ (mercy) to the prisoners. 答案：merciful 3．The whole village was wiped out by the earthquake, and people lost their homes and all their ________ (possess)． 答案：possessions 4．More than a million gallons ________ sludge has seeped into the water. 答案：of 5．My ambition is ________ (work) in the computer industry when I grow up. 答案：to work 6．I don't have time ________ (sit) around feeling sorry for myself. 答案：to sit 7．We must call on local government ________ (give) financial assistance to disabled people. 答案：to give 8．It is necessary for us ________ (remind) of our shortcomings. 答案：to be reminded 9．I find it quite hard ________ (take) notes in class because I can't follow the teacher's words. 答案：to take 10．He hurried to the house only ________ (find) that it was empty. 答案：to find Ⅲ　单句表达 1．他的确同情穷人，为他们募捐了很多钱。 He ________________ the poor and raised a lot of money for them. 答案：did show mercy to 2．该项目将使科学家们对地球大气层正在发生的情况有更新的了解。 The project would give scientists new insights into ____________________ the Earth's atmosphere. 答案：what is happening to 3．罪案的详细情况被录入到计算机里。 Details of the crime __________________ the computer. 答案：are logged in 4.他们决定开发利用海洋资源。 They decided to ________________________． 答案：exploit marine resources 5．即将修建的这条路将缩短我家和公司之间的距离。 The road ____________ will shorten the distance between my home and the company. 答案：to be built [思维训练] 阅读 A Many people believe sharks are dangerous and will always try to hurt or even kill humans. In fact, 94 percent of the world's 400 species are harmless to humans. A shark exhibition at the National Aquarium Baltimore, the US, proves this. Visitors can touch young sharks, see their eggs develop and watch a dozen different species swim smoothly around a huge tank. Most people fail to realize that shark attacks don't happen very often. Humans are most likely to be killed by lightning than by a shark. And to make this point clear, the museum has set up a special touching pool for children. There, kids can learn, from an early age, not to fear sharks. They can watch them develop inside their eggs and feel the skin of the older swimmers. “People fear what they don't know，” said Nancy Hotchkiss, an organizer of the exhibition, which runs until December. “Sharks have been around for 400 million years and play an important role in the ocean's food chain. We want people to discover that sharks are amazing animals that need our respect and protection.” A shocking 100 million sharks are special foods killed around the world by humans. A study published in January in the US magazine Science found that almost all recorded shark species have fallen by half in the past 8 to 15 years. Thousands of sharks are hunted in Asia for special foods, such as shark fin soup. And many others get caught in nets, while fishermen are hunting other fish.More than half of all sharks are smaller than one metre long. “Some fishing methods are actually cleaning out the ocean，” said Dave Schofield, the manager of the aquarium's museum. “The fishermen throw them away like rubbish.” It is a worrying situation and some areas have taken measures in place to protect these special fish. 篇章导读：本文是一篇说明文。文章通过讲述水族馆里举行的鲨鱼展让人们了解鲨鱼并培养保护鲨鱼的意识。 1．In the last but one paragraph, the underlined word “them” refers to “________”． A．small sharks B．fishing boats C．fishing nets D．fishing methods 答案：A　指代判断题。根据画线词上文“More than half of all sharks are smaller than one metre long.”可知，them指代“小鲨鱼”。故选A。 2．What does Dave Schofield mean by saying “Some fishing methods are actually cleaning out the ocean”？ A．Large sharks cannot be caught by some fishing methods. B．Only small sharks can be caught by some fishing methods. C．The ocean is being made cleaner by some fishing methods. D．Too many sharks are being killed by some fishing methods. 答案：D　细节理解题。根据倒数第二段可知，一些小鲨鱼在渔夫捕捉其他鱼时也同时被捕捉，然后被渔夫像垃圾一样丢掉。故选D。 3．It can be inferred from the article that ________． A．the writer is surprised to know sharks always hurt people B．the writer is happy to know sharks are harmless to people C．the writer is worried about the present situation of shark species D．the writer is pleased to know the ocean is becoming much cleaner 答案：C　推理判断题。根据全文可知，鲨鱼被乱杀的现状让作者很担忧，希望人们可以关注鲨鱼，保护鲨鱼。故选C。 4．The main purpose of the shark exhibition is to________． A．show how sharks are born and develop in the ocean B．let people know more about sharks and protect them C．let children learn not to fear sharks from an early age D．show how shark species have fallen in the past few years 答案：B　主旨大意题。纵观全文可知，文章的写作目的是让人们进一步了解鲨鱼并保护它们。故选B。 B (2023·广东省深圳大学附属中学高二下学期第二次段考)Just a year ago, the colors were bright under the waves. Now it's gray—the Maldivian reef is dead. The coral is killed by the pressure of rising temperatures. Coral reefs are areas underwater where small creatures live. The coral is hard material formed on the bottom of the sea by the skeletons of those creatures. But the world has lost about half its coral reefs in the last 30 years. Scientists are working to prevent their destruction. Due to global warming, over 90 percent of corals are expected to die by 2050. “To lose coral reefs is to fundamentally undermine the health of a very large proportion of the human race，” said Ruth Gates, director of the Hawaii Institute of Marine Biology. Why are coral reefs important? Coral reefs support a fourth of all marine species, as well as half a billion people worldwide. They serve as barriers to protect coastlines from the storms. They provide billions of dollars from tourism, fishing and other trade. They are also used in medical research for cures for diseases. “Everyone should be concerned，” said biologist Ove Guldberg at Australia's University of Queensland. “This is not just some distant dive destination. This is the basic structure of the ecosystem we depend on.” The ocean is getting warmer. A rising temperature of just one to two degree Celsius can force coral to expel the algae (驱逐海藻) that live there. This leaves their white skeletons uncovered. It is a process called “bleaching”. Sixteen percent of the world's corals died of bleaching in 1998. The problem has become much worse in recent years. “We've lost 50 percent of the reefs, but that means we still have 50 percent left，” said Ruth Gates, who is working in Hawaii to breed corals that can better withstand increasing temperatures. She is also trying to “train” corals to survive rising temperatures. Gates says it is time to start “thinking outside the box”—find creative ways to help them. 篇章导读：本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了近年来珊瑚礁大量死亡的原因，介绍了珊瑚礁对生态系统的重要性，分析了珊瑚礁的死亡对人类的影响。 5．The underlined word “undermine” in Paragraph 2 means “________”． A．weaken B．regain C．promote D．overlook 答案：A　词义猜测题。第三段叙述了珊瑚礁对人类的重要之处：珊瑚礁是四分之一的海洋物种和全世界5亿人口的支柱。它们是保护海岸线免受风暴侵袭的屏障。它们给旅游业、渔业和其他贸易提供了数十亿美元。它们也被用于治疗疾病的医学研究。由此可知，失去珊瑚礁会危害人类的健康。故选A。 6．What's the major concern of the scientists like Ove Guldberg? A．People won't find a dive destination in the future. B．The effort to save corals will turn out to be fruitless. C．The destruction of coral reefs will affect the earth ecosystem. D．The bright sea has lost its charm because of those dead corals. 答案：C　推理判断题。根据第三段中Ove Guldberg (奥夫·哥尔伯格)所说的“This is the basic structure of the ecosystem we depend on.”可知，珊瑚礁是我们所依赖的生态系统的基本结构。由此推知，破坏珊瑚礁就会影响生态系统。故选C。 7．The fourth paragraph is mainly about ________． A．the harm of algae B．the process of “bleaching” C．the importance of coral reefs D．the change of ocean temperature 答案：B　段落大意题。第四段提到：海洋正在变暖。气温上升一两度就能迫使珊瑚驱逐那里的藻类。这就使它们的白色骨骼显露了出来。这是一个被称作“白化”的过程。因此可知，第四段主要介绍了珊瑚礁白化的过程。故选B。 8．Ruth Gates' attitude towards the protection of corals is ________． A．proud B．cautious C．optimistic D．casual 答案：C　推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“‘We've lost 50 percent of the reefs ... rising temperatures.”可知，Ruth Gates (露丝·盖茨)认为我们虽然已经失去了50%的珊瑚礁，但这意味着我们还剩下50%的珊瑚礁。她正在夏威夷努力培育能够更好地抵御不断升高的温度的珊瑚。她还试图“训练”珊瑚以便它们可以在不断上升的温度下生存下来。由她所说的以及她所做的努力来看，她对于保护珊瑚礁是乐观的。故选C。 【持续背记】 ①He declared his intention to become the best golfer in the world. 他表明了要成为世界上最佳高尔夫球手的意愿。 ②Some people hold the view that space exploration will not only enable us to understand how the universe develops, but also help farming to grow more food and apply the new technology to our life. 有些人认为，太空探索不仅能让我们了解宇宙是如何发展的，在农业上还能帮助种植更多的粮食，并将新技术应用到我们的生活中。 ③When a tiger was approaching me, I froze with terror, too scared to move an inch. 当老虎向我靠近时，我吓得呆住了，一动也不敢动。 【持续积累】 1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$