Unit 4 Section Ⅱ Learning About Language（Word教参）-【优化指导】2024-2025学年新教材高中英语选择性必修第三册（人教版2019）

Section Ⅱ　Learning About Language 现在完成进行时 [观察] 1．An expedition to the South Pole with the great Sir Ernest Shackleton—this is the adventure that I have been dreaming of. 2．How everyone will envy me when I come back and tell them about the amazing places I have been to! 3．The journey has not been easy. 4．We are now camped on the ice and we have been managing to survive，but spring is coming，and the ice will soon begin to melt. 5．We have been struggling for days，but things on Elephant Island are going from bad to worse. [探究] 以上例句中的加黑部分：句1用的是现在完成进行时；句2用的是现在完成时；句3用的是现在完成时；句4用的是现在完成进行时；句5用的是现在完成进行时。 1．思考什么情况下运用现在完成进行时。 2．思考现在完成进行时与现在完成时的区别。 一、现在完成进行时的构成和用法 [感知] 1．I have been playing ping­pong all morning，so I'm sweating buckets. 整个上午我一直在打乒乓球，所以我大汗淋漓。 2．She has been phoning Jim every night for the past two weeks. 两个星期以来，她每天晚上都给吉姆打电话。 3．I have been waiting for an hour，but she hasn't come yet. 我已经等了一个小时了，但是她还没来。 4．You have been daydreaming but never make an effort. 你一直在做白日梦，但从不努力。 5．You have been lying to me. 你一直在对我说谎。 [探究] 1．句中谓语动词均使用了现在完成进行时；其基本构成为have/has (not) been doing。 2．句1的谓语动词所表示的动作刚结束；句2、3的谓语动词所表示的动作还有可能继续下去；句2、3、4、5暗含某种感情色彩(关切、不耐烦、指责、气愤)。 [归纳] 构成 肯定句 主语＋have/has＋been＋现在分词＋其他． 否定句 主语＋have/has＋not＋been＋现在分词＋其他． 疑问句 ①Have/Has＋主语＋been＋现在分词＋其他？ ②疑问代词/疑问副词＋have/has＋(主语＋)been＋现在分词＋其他？ 用法 ①表示动作从过去某时开始，一直延续到现在，将来还可能延续下去，强调动作的延续性 ②表示从过去某时开始到现在这一段时间内动作一再发生 ③表示动作刚刚结束，该动作一般不再继续，有时会指出结果 ④表示某种感情色彩 [即练] 单句填空/完成句子 ①Though she has_been_teaching(teach) English for twenty years，she is still passionate about teaching. ②(2021·全国乙卷)People have_been_pouring(pour) into stadiums since the days of ancient Greece. ③我一直在帮助动物园的熊猫饲养员更舒服、更自信地说英语。 (2023·新课标 Ⅱ 卷)I have_been_helping_the_panda_keepers at the zoo to feel more comfortable and confident speaking English. ④数十年来，他一直在学习相声，他想把中国相声与其他艺术形式融合起来。 He，who has_been_learning_cross_talk for decades，wants to mix it up with other art forms. 二、现在完成进行时与现在完成时的区别 [感知] [组1] 1．I have been reading the book since last week. 自从上周以来，我一直在读这本书。 2．I have read this book before. 我以前读过这本书。 3．I have read this book，so you can take it away any time. 我已经读过这本书了，所以你可以随时把它拿走。 [组2] 1．Have you been meeting him recently? 你最近经常见他吗？ 2．Have you met him recently? 你最近见过他吗？ [组3] 1．Henry has been doing his work in an orderly way. 亨利一直在有条不紊地做他的工作。 2．Henry has done his work in an orderly way. 亨利有条不紊地做了他的工作。 [探究] [组1] 句1表示读书这一动作现在还在进行；句2表示读书这一动作已经完成；句3强调因为过去读过这本书，所以现在你可以随时拿去。 [组2] 句1强调“见到他”这一动作具有反复性；句2中“见到他”这一情形可能只有一次。 [组3] 句1含有对亨利的做法进行表扬的情感；句2只是描述了“亨利有条不紊地工作”这一事实。 [归纳] 1．现在完成进行时强调动作的延续性；现在完成时则强调某个过去的动作对现在造成的影响或产生的结果。 2．现在完成进行时可以表示动作的反复性；现在完成时一般不表示动作的反复性。 3．现在完成进行时有时含有感情色彩；现在完成时一般平铺直叙，不含感情色彩。 以下动词可用于现在完成时，但是不能用于现在完成进行时。 状态动词：be，have，exist 情感动词：like，love，hate 感官动词：see，hear，taste，feel，sound 短暂性动词：finish，marry，get up，come，go [即练] 单句填空/完成句子 ①—The machine is working again! —Yes，it broke down yesterday，but it has_been_fixed(fix). ②从上午9点起经理就一直在告诉工人们如何改善这一方案。 The manager has_been_telling_the_workers how to improve the program since 9 a．m. ③四年来，我一直参加各种英语演讲比赛。 I've_been_taking_part_in_various_English_speech_contests for the past four years. ④最近玛丽一直在定期做运动。 Recently Mary_has_been_doing_sports_regularly． ⑤我赢得了队友的认可，从那时起我们就成了好朋友。 I earned my teammate's recognition and we have_become_good_friends since then. 用所给动词的适当形式填空 My wish is 1.to_go(go) to a key university.I 2.have_been_studying(study) for many years.But I am poor in English since I 3.went(go) to junior school.My English teacher told me to insist on 4.listening(listen) and writing.I 5.have_been_learning(learn) English every morning to improve it.Because I 6.have_wasted(waste) a lot of time，it was hard to catch up with other students.After 7.going(go) to high school，I 8.have_been_staying(stay) up late into the night and 9.have_been_getting(get) up early in the morning.I 10.have_been_writing(write) two compositions every day.I think I should spare no effort to improve my English and achieve my dream. [课时梯级训练(十四)见P167] 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$