内容正文:
How can we describe actions vividly?
Action chains in Continuation Writing
action chains 动作链
open the door
put the elephant in the fridge
close the door
将结果性的动作,分解成更细致的连贯性的微动作,使动作结果过程化。
Tip 1: 动作三连结构(A, B and C结构)
Pre-action(先前动作)
Trans-action(过渡动作)
Post-action (后续动作)
took off the clothes
The boys rushed to the lake,
+
Describe:男孩们跳入湖中嬉戏。
jump
=
+
冲向湖边
脱掉衣服
跳入湖中
and jumped into the water.
A
B
C
构建动作链
Tip 1 : →动作三连结构
A, B and C
3
She dashed forward,
+
hug
=
+
冲向前
跪下
抱住孩子
A
B
C
knelt down
her arms.
and hugged her son into
Describe:她抱住了孩子。
Tip 1 : →动作三连结构
A, B and C
4
尖叫
奔跑
跳入井中
+
+
screamed
ran away
jumped into the well
The man screamed, ran away and jumped into the well.
Tip 1: 动作三连结构(A, B and C结构)
环顾四周
躺倒在地
用纸盖住脸
+
+
glanced around
lay down on the ground
covered her face
with a piece of paper
She glanced around, lay down on the ground
and covered her face with a piece of paper.
Tip 1: 动作三连结构(A, B and C结构)
?
Tip 2 Non-finite verbs (分词作状语)
① 主+谓, doing sth.(主动) / Doing sth. (主动), 主+谓
She rushed happily into the rain.
She sang and danced.
She rushed happily into the rain, singing and dancing.
哪吒跳下来。
Nezha jumped off the wall.
heard
Nezha ______ mom's words, _______ and _______ off the wall.
smiled
jumped
动作链:
非谓语动词:
_______ mom's words, Nezha smiled and jumped off the wall.
Hearing
②Having done sth, 主+谓
等了三个小时, 他被告知票被卖完了。
动作1
动作2
后发生的动作---用谓语动词
主动且先发生---用非谓语动词表示(having done)
Having waited for 3 hours, he was told that the tickets had been sold out.
② 同一主语动作有先后关系时——
Having done sth(先), 主+谓(后)
queue
Example
③ Done sth. , 主+谓
孩子感动哭了。
孩子被感动
+
孩子哭了
The child was moved by the story.
The child began to cry.
_______by the story, the child began to cry.
③动作与主语逻辑关系为被动时
—— Done sth. , 主+谓
Moved
Example
delightedly, excitedly...
angrily, anxiously...
sadly, heart-brokenly,...
surprisedly,...
quickly, bravely....
Emotion
Movement
Tip 3: Add other modifiers (修饰语)
1) Add adverbs
The man let out a scream _________, ran away _________ and jumped into the well _________.
这位男子紧张地尖叫,赶紧跑开,勇敢地跳入井中。
Practice
nervously
quickly
bravely
Hearing mom's words, Nezha smiled ___________ and jumped off the wall _______________.
Hearing mom's words, Nezha smiled and jumped off the wall.
happily
添加副词:
quickly
surprise
Nezha looked at his mom
sadness
2) Add prepositional phrases(介词短语)
anger
fear
in high spirits
in
When Nezha came, the villagers fled out of the house__________.
in fear
Hearing mom's words, Nezha smiled cheerfully and jumped off the wall briskly.
添加介词短语:
Hearing mom's words, Nezha smiled cheerfully and jumped off the wall briskly____________________________________.
in high spirits
他欣喜若狂,在雨中又唱又跳。 (2021年浙江高考)
2. 爸爸冲了进来,静静地站着,然后突然大笑起来。(2021年 浙江卷)
3.老师走上前,拍了拍我的肩膀,温柔地说: “有志者,事竟成。”(2023)
"where there is a will, there is a way. "
Summary and Homework
主语+谓语,doing and doing
A, B and C 结构
Summary and Homework
4.她在街上漫无目的地逛了好几个小时以后,感到有点饿,想吃点东西。
5.她瞥一眼观众,深呼吸一下,就开始唱起来。
6.听完后深受鼓励,David伸出双臂抱住了我并微笑着说:“ 我可以做到!” (2022年 新高考I )
Done sth. , 主+谓
Having done sth, 主+谓
A, B and C 结构
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