Unit 5 单元重点语句解析与训练课件- 2024-2025学年人教版八年级英语下册

Unit 5 What were you doing when the rainstorm came? 重点语句解析与训练 1. What were people doing yesterday at the time of the rainstorm?   昨天当暴风雨来临的时候人们正在做些什么？ 【解析】此句是过去进行时 过去进行时态表示过去某个时间正在发生的动作或过去某段时间正在发生的动作        例如：He was cooking at six last night.  昨天晚上六点，他正在做饭。       I was staying here from March to May last year.          去年从3月到5月，我一直呆在这里。 与过去进行时连用的时间状语：常见的有 at nine last night/  at that time=then/at thistime yesterday /或有when the teacher came in/ while he was reading的提示 过去进行时的构成：was\were +现在分词 过去进行时的四个基本句型  肯定句：例如： He was cooking at six last night.   否定句：例如：He was not cooking at six last night. 一般疑问句：例如：Was he cooking at six last night?  两个回答：例如：Yes ,he was.  No, he wasn’t.  特殊疑问句例如：What was he doing at six last night?  过去进行时的固定句型：   例如：Jim was reading when the teacher came in.  当老师进来的时候，吉姆正在读书。   Jim was reading while Kate was watching TV. 在凯特正在看电视的同时，吉姆正在读书。   Jim came in while Kate was watching TV.      在凯特正在看电视的时候，吉姆进来了。 【练习】 1.Sallytook a photo of her friends while they__ computer games.   A. play   B. are playing   C. have played  D. were playing 2.My uncle ____ books in the room at this time yesterday. was seeing B. is reading C. was reading D.reading 3.  ____ you  _____ when the captain came in?   A. are; doing    B.did; do   C.were; doing D.was doing 答案：1.D2.C3.C 2.My alarm didn’t go off so I got up late. 我的闹钟没有响，因此我起晚了。 【解析】alarm n 闹钟 an alarm clock 一个闹钟  go off 发出响声,  (闹钟)闹响 ，离开  例如：The alarm wentoff just now.  刚才警钟响了 【go短语短语】go over 复习 go away 离开 go by (时间)过去 go for a walk 出去散步 go fishing/shopping/skating/swimming 去钓鱼/去买东西/去溜冰/去游泳 【练习】 1. I was late today because my alarm clock didn’t____ A.run off   B. go off   C. give out  D. give up 2.How I wish could sleep longer! However, I had to get up as soon as the alarm clock_____.     A. ran off    B. went off  C.took off D. go off 答案：1.B2.B 3.I was waiting for the bus when it began to rain heavily.当开始下暴雨的时候，我正在等公交车。 【解析】begin为动词，意为“开始”，其后可接名词、代词、动词不定式或动词-ing形式作宾语。begin的过去式为began，过去分词为begun。 短语搭配:begin to do/doing sth.开始做某事，二者用法几乎无区别 例如：I began to do my homework after a short rest. 短暂休息后，我开始工作了做作业了。 She began crying when she heard the sad news. 听到这个悲伤的消息后，她哭了起来。 当主语是物（非人）或描述自然现象时，更常用 begin to do. 例如：The leaves began to fall in autumn. 秋天树叶开始飘落。 heavily副词，意为“在很大程度上;大量地”，常用来表示“(雨、雪)下得大”，相当于hard。其形容词形式为heavy. 例如：It is raining heavily/hard outdoors. 外面雨下得正大。 【 练习】 1. It's snowing___. The snow is too__for us to go to school. A. heavily; heavily B. heavily; heavy C. heavy; heavy D. heavy; heavily 2.Although it is raining_____, the policemen are still on duty in the street. A. heavily B.really C. Clearly D.quickly 答案：1.B2.A 3. Though it rains _(heavy) outside, I still have to go home. 答案： heavily 4. I went to the bus stop but I still missed the bus.   我 向公共汽车站但还是错过了公共汽车。 【解析】miss v 错过 (后接名词、代词或动车ing）想念；思念；用于姓名或姓之前，是对未婚女子的称呼，但首字母要大写，“小姐；女生”     例如：Be quick! Or you will miss the early bus. 快一点，不然就错过了早班车 I miss my family very much. 我很想念我的家人。 Will that be all, Miss? 就这些吗，小姐？ 【练习】  — I____ the early bus and I had to wait for the next one on such a cold morning.  —Bad luck!    A. missed   B. caught   C. followed  D. left 答案：A 5. I called at seven and you didn't pick up.我七点(给你)打电话，可你没接。 【解析】pickup此处意为“接电话;接收到(信号或声音)”，相当于answer。pick up为“动词+副词”型短语，若代词作宾语，必须放在pick 和 up 中间;若名词作宾语，放在up的前后均可。 例如：He picked up the phone and said “hello”. 他接了电话,说了声“你好”。 The phone rang and I picked it up. 电话响了,我接了起来。 【知识联想】pick up的其他含义: 捡起;拾起 例如：Please pick up the book on the ground. 请把地上的书捡起来。 pick up(开车)接人 例如：Can you pick me up at the airport? 你能到机场接我吗? 搭载；让人乘车 例如：The bus stopped to pick up passengers. 公共汽车停让人乘车 【练习】 Shall we go to the airport to_your ？ see off B.pick up C. look after D.come across 2.This afternoon, on the way home he found some money on the ground and__B A. picked them up B. picked it up C. picked up them D. picked up it 3.When he saw a wallet, heA at once. A.picked it up B. gave it up C. picked up it D. picked up 答案：1.B2.B3.A 6. With no light outside, it felt like midnight.外面没有光亮，感觉就像半夜一样。 【解析】light 在此作不可数名词，意为“光;光线;光亮”。 例如： The sun gives us light and heat. 太阳给我们光和热。 【知识联想】light的其他用法 adj.轻的 例如：This is a heavy box, and that is a light one. 这是一个重箱子，那是一个轻的。 n.灯 例如：Please turn on the lights. 请打开灯。 v.点燃 例如：It's too dark. The little girl lights a candle. 太黑了，小女孩点燃了一支蜡烛。 with no light outside是with引导的复合结构,其结构为“with +study at a school名词+副词”,在句中作伴随状语。介词with在此表示一种伴随的状况,同时还包含着某种因果关系,表示“因某种状况存在而导致某结果”,因此可译作“由于;因为”等。 例如： With John away there‘s more room in the house. 因为约翰不在,家里宽敞了一些。 feel like 意为“感觉像是……;想要……”，其后跟名词、代词或动词-ing形式作宾语。 短语搭配:“想要做某事” feel like doing sth.= want todo_sth.= would like to do sth. 例如： I don't feel like going to the movies. 我不想去看电影。 【练习】 用 light 的短语完成句子 （选项：in the light of, shed light on, light up）： 1. Scientists hope to ___the mystery of this ancient disease. 2. Her face ___when she saw the surprise. 3. ___recent events, we decided to cancel the trip. 答案： 1. shed light on 2. lit up 3. In the light of I like flowers. I hope to study at a school___ many flowers and trees in it. A.in B.with C.on D.by 答案：B 7.I see .I called again at eight and you didn’t answer then either.我八点钟又给你打电话，你也没有接。 【解析】Isee . 我知道了表示通过别人提醒而明白、了解 短语：see sb. do sth 看到某人做某事, see sb. doing sth 看到某人正在做某事 【辨析also /too/either 】 also 也，用于肯定句句中，用在实义动词之前，系动词、助动词、情态动词之后。too 也，用于肯定句句末 either 也，通常放于否定句末 【练习】1. It’sbad for your eyes to read in the sun.    —_____.A. I’m OK B.I don’t know C.Ok  D.I see 2.用either,also , too填空 Tom can sing this song . I can sing it, _____. Tom can sing this song, I can _______sing it. Tom couldn’t sing this song, I couldn’t , _______. 答案：1.D2.too,also,either 8.Ben’s dad was putting pieces of wood over the windows while his mom was making sure the flash lights and radio were working .   本的爸爸正在把木头块搭在窗户上面，而他的妈妈正在确保手电筒和收音机能正常使用。 【解析】while当......的时候，表示的一个“时间段”，而when一个表示时间点 make sure确信；确保。短语：make sure to do sth；make sure of              例如：Please make sure to turn off  the computer when you leave. 你离开房间时确保关掉电脑。       Do you know the time of the train? You’d better make sure of it.   知道火车开车时间吗？你做好确认一下。   work 运转；发挥作用     例如：The madicine doesn’t work. 这个药不起作用 Work的三个意思： 表示“工作”，是不可数名词：例如： He has too much work to do.  他要做的工作太多。  表示“著作”或“作品”，是可数名词，但多用复数：     例如：He has read many of Hemingway’s works. 他读了海明威的许多作品。 表示“工厂”，只用复数形式，但可表示单数意义： 例如：The glass works（=factory)  is（are）near the station.  玻璃工厂在车站附近。 【练习】 1.Amy was reading a book  _____  I came in.     A. when      B. while      C. because     D. though 2.______thechildren have fun, parents can take dance lessons on the beach.     A. When     B. If          C. While       D. Once 3.Therearen’t many tickets left for the concert, you'd better ______that you get one today.     A. make sure of  B. make a decision   C. make sure      D. make plans 4. My mother is a doctor ,and my father is a _____(work). 答案：1.A2.C3.A4.worker 9. Ben was helping his mom make dinner when the rain began to beat heavily against the windows.当雨开始重重地敲打窗户的时候，本正在帮妈妈做晚饭。 【解析】beat的多种用法: 击打，主语是人，宾语可以是人或物 例如：Somebody is beating at the door. 有人在敲门。 拍打拍打在某地方，主语多为风、雨、海浪等名词。 例如：The rain beats heavily against the windows. 雨水重重地敲打窗户。 【beat 与win辨析】 beat打败，beat 后常接人或由人组成的队伍(beat sb.) 例如：He always beats me in tennis. 他打网球总是赢我。 win 表示赢得比赛、奖牌、奖杯等，通常match, competition, game, prize等搭配 例如：If we win the match, we will be the champion. 如果我们赢了比赛，我们就是冠军。 【知识联想】against介词，意为“倚;碰;撞”，还可表示“反对;对抗”，其反义词为for。 短语搭配:be against (doing) sth.“反对(做) 某事”;play against sb.“与某人比赛” 例如 He stood against the door. 他倚着门站着。 Are you for or against the plan? 你是支出还是反对这个计划? She is against smoking at home. 她反对在家抽烟。 【练习】 1.I'm_buying the coat because it is too expensive. A.Against B.upon C.for D.at 2.-What was the result of the soccer game yesterday? -Our team finally____the one from another school. A.Broke B.won C.developed D.beat 3.Our school basketball team will win(win/beat) the next match if they practise more. 答案：1.A2.D3.win 10.Ben could not sleep at first.起初,本无法入睡。 【解析】:at first 意为“起初;起先”,它主要用于强调前后对照,常有but，later, at last等与之呼应。 例如：At first he was a clerk ,later he became a manager of the company. 起初 他是一个小职员,后来他成了那家公司的经理。 【练习】 ___, the Internet wasonly used by the government. But now it's widely used in every field. A.As usual B.At first C.After D.So far答案：B 11. He finally fell asleep when the wind was dying down at around 3:00 a.m.大约在凌晨三点风逐渐减弱的时候，他总算睡着了。 【 asleep, sleeping与 sleepy辨析】 asleep 常作表语，睡着。fall asleep 入睡;进入梦乡 Sleeping睡着的 ，只作前置定语，修饰名词 sleepy困倦的，可作表语、定语或宾语补足语，feel sleepy感到困倦 例如：The light music made him fall asleep soon. 轻柔的音乐让他很快睡着了。 Asleeping baby was lying in his mom's arms. 一个睡着的婴儿正躺在他妈妈的怀里。 I am sleepy and I want to go to sleep. 我困了，想去睡觉。 【练习】 1. If you stay up for your favorite TVprograms, you will feel _in class next day. A.Sleep B. sleepy C. asleep D.sleeping 2.I felt ___yesterday evening, and then I fell _quickly. A.sleeping; asleep B. asleep; sleepy C. sleepy; asleep D.sleep; sleepy答案：1.B2.C 12.When he woke up,the sun was rising.当他醒来时,太阳正在升起。 【解析】:rise 作动词,意为“升起”,多指太阳或月亮“升起”。例如：The sun rises in the east. 太阳从东方升起。 rise作动词时还可表示“增加;提高;上升”等含义,其过去式及过去分词分别为rose,risen。 例如：The price of gas rose. 煤气价格上涨了。 The floodwater began to rise again. 洪水再次上涨。 【辨析rise ，raise 】 rise不及物动词,意为“升起;增加;提高;上升”,指由低到高的变化过程,相当于go up,其主语多为物 raise及物动词,意为“抬高;提高”,强调把某物从较低处抬到较高处,其主语通常为人 例如：We watched the children raissing the national flag,and it was rising slowly in the wind. 我们看着孩子们升国旗,国旗在风中徐徐升起。 【练习】 1.The sun ______ in the east every morning. A.rises B. raises C. rose ( D.raising 2. She ______ her hand to ask a question in class. A. rises B.raised C. is rising D. raises 3.The price of oil ______ by 10% last month. A. was risen B. raised C.has risen D.was raised 4.They decided to ______ funds for the new hospital. A. rise B. raise C. arise D. risen 5.Look! The balloons ______ into the sky! A.are raising B. are risen C.are rising D. raise 答案：1.A2.D3.D4.B5.C 13. They joined the neighbors to help clean up theneigh hood together.    他们加入到邻居们中，一起打扫社区。 【解析】 join 加入；参加 【辨析join/join in/take part in 】 join=be a member of  参加,指加入某种组织，并成为其中的一员。jointhe army / party 入伍/ 党  join the club 加入俱乐部join in 后接活动名称, join sb. 加入到某个人群之中take part in 参加，指加入群体活动中并在活动中发挥重要作用。 【练习】 1.I suppose we’ll go to plant trees next week. I’d like to ___ you.A. visit  B. join   C. follow D. meet 3.He___an English club last year and has improved his English a lot. A.protectedB.producedC.joinedD. received 2. Mary, would you like to___ this game?  A. join inB.attendC.joinD.take part in答案：1.B2.C3.D 14.My parents were completely shocked!我的父母完全震惊了! 【解析】completely 副词,意为“彻底地;完全地”,用于修饰动词和形容词。其形容词形式为complete，意为“完整的;完全的”。 例如：In the end the wind went away completely. 最后，风彻底平息了。 You are both completely wrong. 你们俩完全错了。 【辨析shocked 与 shocking】 shocked“感到震惊的”，表示人对事物的感受，主语通常为人。 shocking“令人震惊的”，表示事物的性质或状态，主语通常为物。 例如：We were all shocked at the shocking news. 我们都对这条惊人的消息感到震惊。 【练习】 1.The rainstorm_ destroyed the house. Every house wasn't__at all. (complete) 2.All of us were _(shock) that such a little girl spoke English so well. 答案：1. completely，complete2. shocked 15. My parents did not talk after that, and we finished the rest of our dinner in silence.之后我的父母没有说 话，我们就在沉默中吃完了剩下的晚餐。 【解析】the rest of...意为“其余的……;剩下的”，作主语时，谓语动词的数要与the rest of修饰的名词或代词的数保持一致。 例如：The rest ofthe workers are still working hard. 其余的工人仍在努力地工作。 The rest of the meat has gone bad.剩下的肉变质了。 silence 名词，意为“沉默;缄默;无声”，insilence“沉默;无声”。其形容词形式为silent，意为“寂静的;无声的”。Keep silent“保持沉默”。 例如： Why did you leave me in silence? 为何你一言不发离我而去? The birds are silent in the trees. 鸟在树上悄然无声。 【练习】 1.At the____of the class meeting, he sat in__because he was so nervous. A. beginning; silence B. beginning; silent C. begin; silently D.began; silent 2.He did all this______silence, and very rapidly. A. At B. withC. in D.at 3.Tom is from England and the rest of us ____ (be) from China.答案：1.A2.C3. are 16.She remembers working in her office near the two towers.她记得当时(自己)正在距两座塔楼不远的办公室工作。 【辨析remember to do sth.与 remember doing sth. 】 remember to do sth.“记得做过某事”，动作尚未发生 例如：Remember to call me up when you get here. remember doing sth.“记得去做某事”，动作已经发生 例如：Iremember seeing her in this city. 【练习】 1.--Do you still remember__ with Kobe in Beijing. --Yes, of course, three years ago. A.to meet B. meeting C.meet D.met 2.John, remember_off the lights when you leave the room. A. Turn B. turned C. to turn D. turning 3.Remember ___(call) your grandma this evening. 答案：1.B2.C3.to call 17.I had trouble thinking clearly after that because I was very afraid.那之后我都难以清晰地思考,因为我很 害怕。 【解析】have trouble (in) doing sth.表示“做某事有困难或麻烦”，相当于have difficulty/problems (in) doing sth. 例如：I have trouble/difficulty/problems (in) working out the math problem. 我解这道数学题有困难。 trouble构成的其他短语:get into trouble“陷入困境;遇到麻烦”;be in trouble“处于困境之 中”。 例如：If you get into trouble, you can call him. 如果你遇到麻烦，可以给我打电话。 Please call 110 when you are in trouble. 当你有困难时请拨打110。 【练习】 1.He has trouble____maths. He needs help. A. Learn B. learnt C. learning D. to learn 2.I have some trouble ____ (work) out these math problems. 答案：1.C 2. working 18.Robert and his friends were surprised to hear the news.  罗柏特和他的朋友们听到这则消息感到很吃惊。 【解析】be surprised to do sth 做某事很吃惊 注意变化：surprise v 使吃惊→surprising adj. 令人吃惊的→surprised adj. 吃惊的  to one’s surprise 使某人吃惊的是     in surprise 吃惊地 be surprised at 对……感到吃惊 例如：To my surprise he got the first prize in the exam. 让我吃惊的是他在考试中获得了一等奖。 We are surprised at the news. 听到这个消息我们很吃惊。 supposed假定的;想像上的  be supposed to是固定用法，相当于should, 应该做某事。 hear的用法 hear意为“听见”，强调听的结果。 hear sb. do sth听见某人做某事； hear sb. doing sth听见某人正在做某事 例如：We can often hearsome children play on the playground. 　　我们经常能听见一些孩子在操场上玩耍。 I heardmy sister singing an English song in her room when I came back. 当我回来时，我听见我的姐姐正在她的房间里唱英文歌。 hear也有“听说”之意，这时后接that引导的宾语从句。 hear about意为“听说”，相当于hear of，后面接词或短语。 例如： I have heardabout/of the story before.   我以前就听说过这个故事。 hear from意为“收到.......的来信；有.......的消息”，=get/receive a letter from. 例如: I haven’t heardfrom my mother for months. 　我已经好几个月没有收到我妈妈的来信了。 【练习】 1.___his surprise, she succeeded in climbing up the high mountain. A. At         B. To         C. In        D. On 2.I was very ___when the man went into the shop.   A. exciting    B. amazing  C. relaxing   D.  surprised 3.“Henry, you _____ tell the teacher if you want to go out of the  classroom.” “Sorry, sir.”    A. are supposed to B. are surprised to     C. are afraid to D. are surprised at 4.The fans were _____to know the death of their favorite singing star Whitney Huston.      A. glad   B. angry    C. excited D. surprised 答案：1. B2.3.A4.D 19.I had trouble thinkingclearly after that because I was very afraid.  后来由于害怕我无法清晰地思考。 【解析】trouble n 困难；苦恼；忧虑 in trouble 处于困境中 get sb. into trouble 使某人陷入困境 注意：What's the trouble with you ? = What’s the matter with you ? = Wha’t wrong with you ?你怎么啦？ have trouble （in）doing sth 做某事有麻烦 have problem /difficulty/fun (in) doing sth 做某事有问题/困难/乐趣 【练习】 1.I had trouble ____ my homework. A.to finish   B. finishing  C. finishes D. finish 2.–Mr. Wang , I have trouble ___ the text.        --Remember ____ it three times at least. A.to understand; reading     B.understanding; reading C. understanding; to read     D. to understand; to read  答案：1.B2.C $$