Unit 1 Section Ⅰ Topic Talk & Lesson 1-【金版教程】2024-2025学年高中英语选择性必修第一册创新导学案课件PPT（北师大版2019）

WELCOME UNIT UNIT 1 RELATIONSHIPS Section Ⅰ Topic Talk & Lesson 1 课前预习自检 重点合作探究 课堂效果检测（一） 目录 CONTENTS 1 2 ３ 课时语法精讲 4 课堂效果检测（二） 5 课后课时作业（一） 6 课后课时作业（二） 7 课前预习自检 这里不是单纯地提供查寻便利,也不是简单地答疑解惑,而是坚持尝试将英语译成汉语,再将汉语译回英语,仔细揣摩英汉位置的差异,最终提高英语语言的输出能力。从英语译成汉语,再从汉语译回英语——这就是“回译法”。尝试并坚持,终将受益…… 课前预习自检 My Teacher 我的老师 I haven't seen Mr Jenkins since I left school, but I often think about him. 自从我离开学校后,我就没有见过詹金斯先生,但我时常想起他。 I wasn't very good at most school subjects before I met Mr Jenkins. 在我遇到詹金斯先生之前,我对学校的大多数学科都不太擅长。 I suppose I was a bit lazy, especially in maths. 我觉得我有点懒,尤其是在数学方面。 课前预习自检 •The only thing I can remember from school maths is that the angles of a triangle add up to 180 degrees! 我唯一还记得的数学课内容是三角形的内角和是180度！ But when I was 15 and went into Mr Jenkins' class, I really became interested in a subject for the first time. 但当我15岁进入詹金斯老师的课堂时,我第一次真正对一个学科产生了兴趣。 课前预习自检 ①________ n. 角 ②________ n. 三角形 ③______________ 初次,第一次 ④“主(The only thing)系(is)表(that ... degrees)”。I can ... maths是省略了关系代词_____的定语从句,修饰主语thing；that ... degrees是_____从句。 angle triangle for the first time that 表语 课前预习自检 Before Mr Jenkins taught me, science had simply been a subject full of strange words to me. 在詹金斯老师教我之前,科学对我来说只是一门充满陌生词汇的学科。 I had no idea what hydrogen was, and I didn't really want to know, either! 我不知道氢是什么,我也真的不想知道！ I found it all so boring and difficult. 我觉得这一切都这么无聊和困难。 But Mr Jenkins made everything interesting. 但詹金斯先生让一切都变得有趣起来。 课前预习自检 He used to explain things which seemed difficult with lots of practical examples and in simple language. 他总是用大量的实例和简单的语言来解释那些看似困难的事物。 One day, he took us outside, and we built a rocket! 有一天,他带我们出去,我们制作了火箭！ I remember that he let me pour some fuel into the rocket, and then another student lit a match to set it off. 我记得他让我往火箭里倒了一些燃料,然后让另一个学生点了一根火柴来点燃火箭。 It was great fun. 这非常有趣。 课前预习自检 ⑤________ adj. 实际的；实践的；切实可行的 ⑥________ n. 氢 ⑦______ n. 火箭 ⑧____ vt. 灌,注,倒 ⑨_________ 投入(倒)……于某物 ⑩____ n. 燃料 practical hydrogen rocket pour pour into fuel 课前预习自检 I know that I wasn't a willing student, but I wasn't slow to learn new things. 我知道我不是一个愿意学习的学生,但我学新东西并不慢。 The problem was that I lacked confidence in myself. 问题是我对自己缺乏信心。 Mr Jenkins made me feel that I had my own strengths. 詹金斯老师让我觉得我有自己的长处。 I was interested in the study of the stars and planets and he asked me to give a presentation to the class. 我对恒星和行星的研究很感兴趣,他让我给全班做一个报告。 课前预习自检 That was really the first time I had tried to explain science to an audience and now it's my job! 那真的是我第一次向观众解释科学,现在这成了我的工作！ Often when I'm preparing a programme, I think about how Mr Jenkins would have done it. 在准备课程时,我经常会想詹金斯老师会怎么做。 •Sometimes I think, if only I could call him and ask for his opinion! 有时我想,要是我能给他打电话问问他的意见就好了！ 课前预习自检 ⑪____ vt. 缺乏 ⑫__________ n. 报告；陈述,说明 ⑬“主(I)谓(could call)宾(him)”。 I think是________,if only引出________,意为“要是……就好了”。 lack presentation 插入语 虚拟语气 课前预习自检 My Student 我的学生 I've read a couple of Graham's books and seen him on TV. 我读过几本格雷厄姆的书,还在电视上看见过他。 I always say to my wife, “Oh look, I used to teach him！” 我总是对我的妻子说：“看,我曾经教过他！” I remember Graham was very difficult before he came into my class. 我记得格雷厄姆在来我班之前学习非常困难。 课前预习自检 I had heard stories about his bad behaviour. 我曾听说过有关他不良行为的传闻。 •Once I caught him and his friends seeing who could jump the farthest off the school stage! 有一次我撞见他和几个朋友比赛,看谁能从学校的舞台上跳得最远！ But when he got interested, he changed. 但当他感兴趣时,他变了。 课前预习自检 ⑭__________ 一些,几个；一双,一对 ⑮_______ 过去经常,曾经 ⑯________ n. 行为,举止 ⑰“主(I)谓(caught)宾(him and his friends)宾补(seeing ... stage)”。catch sb doing 意为“看到某人正在……”,seeing ... stage是_____________作宾补,其中who引导_____从句。 a couple of used to behaviour 现在分词短语 宾语 课前预习自检 •The first day he walked into my class, he was dragging his schoolbag behind him and looking bored, but as soon as I set up an experiment to show how the human stomach works using acid and an onion, he gave me his full attention. 第一天,他拖着身后的书包走进我的课堂,看上去很无聊,但当我准备在实验中,用酸和洋葱展示人的胃如何工作时,他就全神贯注地听我上课了。 He loved science! 他喜欢科学！ He was very bright and he had done very well in science subjects. 他很聪明,在理科方面成绩很好。 课前预习自检 ⑱____ vt. 拖,拉 ⑲____ n. 酸 ⑳_____ n. 洋葱 “分句(The first ... bored)＋but＋分句(as soon ... attention)”。本句是but连接的____________。第二个分句中的how ... onion是how引导的_____从句,作show的宾语；using ... onion是现在分词短语作________。 drag acid onion 并列复合句 宾语 方式状语 课前预习自检 •However, I have not done as well with all my students as I have with Graham. 不过,并不是每一个学生我都能像教格雷厄姆那么成功。 I think it's important to understand that there's no such thing as a good or a bad student. 我认为重要的是要明白没有好学生或坏学生这回事。 Look at Graham! 看看格雷厄姆！ 课前预习自检 Everyone is good at something and it's important to find out what that is for each student. 每个人都有自己的长处,找出每个学生的长处是什么很重要。 We teachers should have more time to make friends with all our students and really understand them. 我们老师应该有更多的时间和我们所有的学生交朋友,并且真正理解他们。 Then we could make sure that we would find the path to success, both at school and in later life, for all of them. 然后,我们就可以确保为他们所有人找到成功之路,无论是在学校还是在以后的生活中。 课前预习自检 22 “主句(I have not done)＋状语从句(as well ... Graham)”。as ... students为状语；as ... as ... 意为“________________”,第二个as引导__________从句,从句中have后省略了重复的部分_____。 和……一样…… 比较状语 done ○ 课前预习自检 I knew I had chosen a job with a lot of stress but I love what I do. 我知道我选择了一份压力很大的工作,但我热爱我的工作。 The thing about being a teacher is that you have access to children's minds when they are open and eager to learn. 做教师意味着,你有机会在孩子们敞开心扉、渴望学习的时候,走进他们的心灵。 课前预习自检 •If what I do as a teacher can help turn a child like Graham into such a successful adult, then I know what I'm doing is worthwhile. 如果作为一名教师,我所做的可以帮助把像格雷厄姆这样的孩子变成一个成功的成年人,那么我知道我所做的是值得的。 As John Dewey, the famous educationalist, said, “Education is not preparation for life; education is life itself.” 正如著名教育家约翰·杜威所说：“教育不是为生活做准备；教育就是生活本身。” 课前预习自检 23______ n. 进入；接触的机会 24_________ adj. 值得做的；重要的；有益的 25___________ n. 教育(学)家 26“条件状语从句(If ... adult)＋主句(then ... worthwhile)”。从句的结构是“主(what ... teacher)谓(can help)宾(turn ... adult)”, what I do as a teacher是_____从句。主句的结构是“主(I)谓(know)宾(what ... worthwhile)”, what ... worthwhile是_____从句,作know的宾语。 access worthwhile educationalist 主语 ○ ○ ○ ○ 宾语 课前预习自检 重点合作探究 1 occasionally adv. 偶尔；偶然(教材P105) 归纳 拓展 重点合作探究 ①This type of allergy can very occasionally be fatal. 这类过敏症在极个别情况下有可能是致命的。 ②There will be occasional showers during the day. 白天将偶有阵雨。 ③The Mid­Autumn Festival is important because it is a special occasion for family. 中秋节很重要，因为对于家庭来说，它是一个特殊的时刻。 ④It is also said that on occasion Byron swam by moonlight in the lake, which is now known as Byron's Pool. 也有人说，有时拜伦借着月光在湖中游泳，现在这个湖被称为“拜伦潭”。 ⑤He cried on the occasion of his daughter's wedding. 他在女儿的婚礼上哭了。 重点合作探究 occasion作定语从句的先行词时，应注意以下情况： (1)表示时间，关系词用when。 (2)表示地点，关系词用where。 Has there been an occasion when learning from the past allowed you to do something more happily？ 你有过从过去中学习让你更快乐地做事的时候吗？ This is not an occasion for laughter, where you must take things seriously. 这不是开怀大笑的场合，你必须认真对待事情。 重点合作探究 (1)单句语法填空 ①Apart from an ________ (occasion) noise from the elephant's stomach, the forest was silent. ②___________ (occasion) Alice would look up from her books. (2)单句表达 ①大家都知道他有时会发脾气。 He has been known ____________ to lose his temper. ②另外，在很多场合，使用英语是比较方便的。 Besides, it is, ________________， more convenient to use English words. occasional Occasionally on occasion(s) on some occasions 重点合作探究 2 grateful adj. 感激的，感谢的(教材P106) 归纳 拓展 情景 助记 重点合作探究 ①She felt grateful to us for helping her carry the boxes. 她非常感激我们帮她搬箱子。 ②Michael was grateful that the driver sent him home. 迈克尔十分感激那位司机把他送回了家。 ③I would be grateful if you could give me a chance. 如果你能给我一个机会的话，我将非常感激。 重点合作探究 表示“感激”的常用搭配： be thankful to sb for sth 因某事感谢某人 appreciate (doing) sth 感激(做)某事 thank sb for ... 因……感谢某人 thanks for (doing) sth 感谢(做)某事 重点合作探究 (1)单句语法填空 ①I'm grateful ____ I have a steady job that I enjoy. ②I’m grateful ___ you ____ your advice. (2)单句表达 ①我十分感激你帮我修房子。 I ____________ have you help me repair the house. ②我们对你所做的一切表示感谢。 We ___________________ all you have done. ③如果你能对我的要求早点回复的话，我将非常感激。 ___________________ you give me an early reply to the request. that to for am grateful to are grateful to you for I would be grateful if 重点合作探究 3 practical adj. 实际的；实践的；切实可行的(教材P8) 归纳 拓展 重点合作探究 ①I think electric toothbrushes are not very practical. 我认为电动牙刷不太实用。 ②We hope that you can put the plan into practice. 我们希望您能把这个计划付诸实践。 重点合作探究 (1)单句语法填空 ①You must have at least three years of ________ (practice) experience. ②Practice ________ (put) your tent up in the garden several times. (2)单句表达 实际上，一些司机根本不注意这些规定。 _________________， some drivers don't pay attention to the rules. practical putting In practice/Practically 重点合作探究 4 I haven't seen Mr Jenkins since I left school, but I often think about him.(教材P8) 自从我离开学校后，我就没有见过詹金斯先生，但我时常想起他。 剖析 since引导时间状语从句，意为“自从……以来”。 归纳 拓展 (1)若从句的谓语动词是终止性动词(如go, come, leave, start, begin)等的过去时，则从句表示的时间是“从该动作开始的那一时刻起”，这是最常见的一种用法。 (2)若从句的谓语动词是持续性动词或表示状态的静态动词(如live, stay, study, learn, smoke等)的过去时，则从句表示的时间是“从该动作或状态的完成或结束时算起”。 (3)若从句的谓语动词为持续性动词或静态动词的现在完成时，则表示动作和状态延续到现在说话时刻，其表示的时间的起点应从动作发生之时算起。 (4)It is＋一段时间＋since ... /It has been＋一段时间＋since ...；表示“自……起，已有多长时间了”。此时since从句中常用一般过去时，若从句中是持续性动词的一般过去时，则表示该动作结束有多长时间了。 重点合作探究 ①He has studied very hard since he came to our school. 从他来到我们学校，他学习就非常努力。 ②I haven't heard from him since he lived here. 从他不住这里起，我一直没有收到他的信。 ③He has written to me frequently since I have been ill. 自从我生病以来，他经常给我写信。 ④It is three years since he smoked. 他不吸烟已有3年了。 重点合作探究 单句表达 ①自从你离开这里，我们学校发生了很大的变化。 Great changes ______________ in our school since you left. ②我不教高中已经大概有五年了。 It has been almost five years since I ________________ students. ③自从我来到这里，我已经给她写了20封信。 I’ve written her 20 letters since I _____________． have taken place taught high school have been here 重点合作探究 5 for the first time 初次，第一次(教材P8) 归纳 拓展 重点合作探究 ①The two girl students talked for the first time at the beginning of the term. 这两个女学生在学期开始时第一次交谈。 ②We should inform the insurance agent at the first time. 我们应在第一时间通知保险公司代理人。 ③I knew we would be good friends the first time I met her. 第一次见到她，我就知道我们会成为好朋友。 ④This is the first time I have been to the Great Wall. 这是我第一次去长城。 重点合作探究 (1)单句语法填空 ①It was the first time he ________ (be) in China. ②She felt in command of her life ____ the first time. (2)句型转换 The first time I went to England, I was impressed by its beauty. →When I went to England ________________， I was impressed by its beauty. had been for for the first time 重点合作探究 6 pour into 投入(倒)……于某物(教材P8) 归纳 拓展 重点合作探究 ①Quietly Mark poured and served drinks for all. 马克一声不响地给每个人倒好饮料并端了上来。 ②They also wanted to pour out their own bitterness. 他们也想倾吐自己的苦水。 ③You don't pour out of your innermost secrets the first time you met someone. 你不会在和别人第一次见面时，就吐露出你内心深处的秘密。 ④She watched the rain pouring down the windows. 她注视着沿窗户往下流的雨水。 重点合作探究 (1)单句语法填空 ①I've poured coffee ___ your cup by mistake. ②The river came ________ (pour) down in a waterfall off the hill. (2)单句表达 乘客们涌出车站。 Passengers were _____________ the station. into pouring pouring out of 重点合作探究 7 lack vt. 缺乏(教材P8) 归纳 拓展 情景 助记 重点合作探究 ①According to the Environmental Justice Foundation, one person every 1.3 seconds is forced to leave his home and community due to the climate crisis but millions lack legal protection. 环境正义基金会称，每1.3秒钟就有一个人因为气候危机而被迫离开自己的家乡和社区，其中数百万人缺少法律保护。 ②She is very popular and does not lack for friends. 她很受欢迎，并不缺朋友。 ③Many people die for lack of access to new cancer drugs. 很多人因得不到新的抗癌药物而死亡。 ④Although she is rich in knowledge, she is lacking in practical experience. 虽然她知识丰富，但是缺少实践经验。 重点合作探究 lack作动词时，是表示状态的及物动词，不用于被动结构，也不用于进行时；也可作不及物动词(与介词for连用)。 重点合作探究 (1)单句语法填空 ①Living in the desert involves a lot of problems, of which ________ (lack) water is the worst. ②More and more high­rise buildings have been built in big cities ___ lack of space. ③She is not usually lacking ___ confidence. lacking for in 重点合作探究 (2)一句多译 他在学习上信心不足，这就是他不能取得进步的原因。 ________________________________ in his study accounts for why he makes little progress. ＝He ___________________________________ in his study, which accounts for why he makes little progress. Lack of confidence/Lacking confidence lacks confidence/is lacking in confidence 重点合作探究 8 Sometimes I think, if only I could call him and ask for his opinion! (教材P8) 有时我想，要是我能给他打电话问问他的意见就好了！ 剖析 if only引导的感叹句使用了虚拟语气。 归纳 拓展 重点合作探究 ①If only it could be just like last year! 要是能像去年那样就好了！ ②If only I had more time to study now! 要是我现在有更多的学习时间该多好呀！ ③If only he had talked to her earlier! 他要是早点和她谈谈就好了！ 重点合作探究 only if由副词only和从属连词if组合而成，意为“只要”；only仅起强调作用，if用来连接从句；“only＋if状语从句”位于句首时，引起主句部分倒装。 重点合作探究 (1)单句语法填空 ①Only if a teacher has given permission __ (be) a student allowed to enter this room. ②Only if I get a job ____ I have enough money to go to school. ③Look at the trouble I am in; if only I __________ (follow) your advice. ④If only he _________ (arrive) in time, he would not have been punished. ⑤If only I ____ (have) more money, I could buy some new clothes. is will had followed had arrived had 重点合作探究 (2)单句表达 ①要是我富有就好了。 _______ I _____ rich. ②但愿她能仔细听我讲话。 _______ she ____________ to me carefully. ③我数学考试不及格真是太糟糕了，要是我之前努力学习就好了！ It's too bad that I failed in the math exam; ______ I ___________ hard at it! ④人们只有相互信任才能很好地合作和工作。 ________________________________ cooperate and work well. If only were If only would listen if only had worked Only if people trust each other can they 重点合作探究 9 used to 过去经常，曾经(教材P9) 归纳 拓展 重点合作探究 ①Coal is used to keep people warm in winter in this area. 这里的人们冬天用煤炭来取暖。 ②Some people are not used to using credit cards yet. 有些人还是不习惯使用信用卡。 ③There used to be a big lake near my house, but now it's small. 我的房子附近曾经有一个大湖，但现在它变小了。 重点合作探究 used to do的否定和一般疑问形式均有两种。否定形式为：used not to do或didn't use to do；疑问形式为：Used ... to do或Did ... use to do。 重点合作探究 (1)单句语法填空 ①I didn't think I could ever get used to ______ (live) in a big city after living in the country. ②Wood can be used ________ (make) tables. (2)句型转换 ①We used to go swimming in summer. (改为否定句) →We ________________________ swimming in summer. ②My sister used to be shy when she was at school. (改为一般疑问句) →_______________________________________ shy when she was at school? living to make used not to go/didn't use to go Used your sister to be/Did your sister use to be 重点合作探究 (3)单句表达 ①我女儿过去喜欢巧克力，但现在喜欢水果。 My daughter ___________________， but now she likes fruits. ②你们以前不住在同一所房子里。 You ___________________ live in the same house. ③过去你晚上看小说吗？ ______________________ read novels at night? used to like chocolates used not to/didn't use to Used you to/Did you use to 重点合作探究 10 However, I have not done as well with all my students as I have with Graham.(教材P9) 不过，并不是每一个学生我都能像教格雷厄姆那么成功。 剖析 “not ... all”构成部分否定。 归纳 拓展 (1)英语中的all, both, each, every, everybody, everything, completely, always, whole, entirely等具有总括意义的代词、形容词或副词与否定词not连用时，无论not位置如何，均构成部分否定，表示“并非都”的意思。 (2)英语中的no, none, never, nobody, nothing, neither, no one, nowhere, no more, no longer, no way等表示否定意义的词(组)与肯定式谓语一起使用构成全部否定。 重点合作探究 ①All hope was not lost. 不是所有的希望都破灭了。 ②The simple fact is that not everything from history survives the historical process. 一个简单的事实是，并非历史上的一切都能在历史进程中幸存。 重点合作探究 both的全部否定为 neither; all的全部否定为none; either与否定词连用表示全部否定。 重点合作探究 (1)单句语法填空 ①He had lost his courage and his health in the war and never found _____ of them again. ②I agree with most of what you said, but I don’t agree with ________． (2)句型转换(将部分否定转换为全部否定) ①Not everything she did pleased him. →______________ pleased him. ②Both of them are not my brothers. →______________ is my brother. either everything Nothing she did Neither of them 重点合作探究 11 access n. 进入；接触的机会(教材P9) 归纳 拓展 情景 助记 重点合作探究 ①Some banks charge if you access your account to determine your balance. 有些银行会收取费用，如果你进入你的账户，以确定你的余额。 ②The only access to the farmhouse is across the fields. 农舍的唯一通道是穿过田地。 ③Nowadays children have easy access to computers. 现在孩子们很容易接触到电脑。 ④He wants his music to be accessible to everyone. 他希望每个人都能欣赏他的音乐。 重点合作探究 access前通常不加冠词，且access和accessible短语中的to是介词。 重点合作探究 (1)单句语法填空 ①The legal aid system should be ________ (access) to more people. ②Postings on the Internet can be ________ (access) from anywhere in the world. ③You’ll also have unlimited access __ the swimming pool. (2)句型转换 All students have access to the Writing Centre on the upper floor of Douglas hall. →The Writing Centre on the upper floor of Douglas hall ____________ all students. accessible accessed to is accessible to 重点合作探究 (3)单句表达 ①他把药放到最上面的抽屉里，确保孩子们够不到。 He put the medicine in a top drawer to make sure it would not ______________ the kids. ②我们可以通过互联网获取各种所需信息。 We can __________________________ various information we need through the Internet. be accessible to have/gain/get/obtain access to 重点合作探究 12 If what I do as a teacher can help turn a child like Graham into such a successful adult, then I know what I'm doing is worthwhile.(教材P9) 如果作为一名教师，我所做的可以帮助把像格雷厄姆这样的孩子变成一个成功的成年人，那么我知道我所做的是值得的。 剖析 本句为复合句，what I do as a teacher是由what引导的名词性从句，作条件状语从句的主语；what I'm doing作know后的宾语从句中的主语。两个都是由what引导的主语从句。 重点合作探究 归纳 拓展 重点合作探究 ①What I want you to know is that I will always support you.(主语从句) 我想让你知道的是我会永远支持你。 ②I don't know what the kids are doing in the living room.(宾语从句) 我不知道孩子们在客厅里正在做什么。 ③The problem remains what we shall do to deal with the complicated situation. (表语从句) 问题仍然是我们该如何应对这复杂的形势。 ④The question what is the most important thing for us now remains to be discussed.(同位语从句) 当前对我们来说最重要的是什么这一问题尚待讨论。 重点合作探究 (1)单句语法填空 ①_____ should be done has been done. ②_____ David used to say was always new and worth hearing and all his pupils loved him. What What 重点合作探究 (2)单句表达 ①他们停下来看发生了什么事情。 They stopped to see _________________． ②那个男孩做的事情让老师很生气。 The teacher got angry because of ____________________． ③我最关心的是下一学期我们的老师会是谁。 ____________________ is who will be our teacher next term. what was happening what the boy had done What concerns me most 重点合作探究 13 worthwhile adj. 值得做的；重要的；有益的(教材P9) 归纳 拓展 重点合作探究 ①It is worthwhile to discuss the problem. 这个问题值得讨论。 ②It wasn't worthwhile continuing with the project. 继续这个项目是不值得的。 ③The study tour along the Belt and Road in this summer holidays is well worth taking part in. 在这个暑假里，沿着“一带一路”进行学习旅游是非常值得参加的。 重点合作探究 ④His brave deeds are worthy of praise. 他的英勇事迹值得赞扬。 ⑤As far as I'm concerned, his suggestion is worthy of being considered. 在我看来，他的建议是值得考虑的。 ⑥This student is worthy to be taught. 这个学生是值得教的。 重点合作探究 易混辨析：worthwhile/worth/worthy worthwhile 可以作定语或表语；作表语时可接动名词或动词不定式(作主语)，此时用it作形式主语，可构成It is worthwhile doing/to do sth表示“做某事是值得的” worth 表示“值……的”之意，常作表语，通常有如下两种用法：be worth＋money (the price) 价值……；be (well) worth＋v.­ing (很)值得…… worthy “值得，应……的，足以……”，表示对某事有资格或合适的意思，通常作表语，后跟of短语或不定式，常用于如下结构：be worthy of sth; be worthy of being done; be worthy to be done 重点合作探究 (1)单句语法填空 ①This article is well worth _______ (read), but it is not worthy of ______________ (translate)． ②I do think it is worthwhile ______________ (devote) your time and energy to whatever you enjoy. reading being translated to devote/devoting 重点合作探究 (2)一句多译 既然你对中国传统文化感兴趣，我认为这个节日值得你体验。 Since you are interested in traditional Chinese culture, I think this festival is _________________. (worth) ＝Now that you are interested in traditional Chinese culture, I think this festival is _____________________. (worthy) ＝On account of your interest in traditional Chinese culture, I think this festival is ________________________. (worthy) ＝Because of your interest in traditional Chinese culture, I think it is ________________________________ this festival. (worthwhile) worth experiencing worthy to be experienced worthy of being experienced worthwhile to experience/experiencing 重点合作探究 课堂效果检测(一) Ⅰ.根据语境及汉语提示和首字母提示完成句子 1．It seemed ________ (难以置信的) that people would still want to play football during a war. 2．He is very ________ (热爱的) about the project. 3．British ____________ (教育家) are divided about how best to teach reading. 4．We can offer you ________ (切实可行的) suggestions on how to increase the fibre in your daily diet. 5．The home is situated within easy _____ (进入) of shops and other facilities. incredible passionate educationalists practical access 课堂效果检测(一) 82 6．I have a great sense of h______ and people say I have a wonderful personality. 7．I like playing football best, but o_________ I play table tennis, too. 8．“I am o_______， and like talking with people，” he wrote. 9．Despite his l____ of experience, he got the job. 10．It isn't w________ spending so much time on minor problems. umour ccasionally utgoing ack orthwhile 课堂效果检测(一) 83 Ⅱ.单句语法填空 1．______ he needed was not a future scientist, but a model. 2．It is going to rain after lunch; have a quick meal and set ___ at once. 3．It is not worthwhile __________ (ask) him to join the club because he’ll refuse. 4．He doesn’t pay any attention to his behavior, ______ reflects his lazy attitude towards work. 5．They are so rich that they lack ____ nothing. What off to ask/asking which for 课堂效果检测(一) 84 6．The rain is ________ (pour) and we can’t go out. 7．Over a third of the population was believed to have no access __ the health care. 8．Mr Smith explained several times, but he still couldn’t make himself _________ (understand)． 9．I thought he was a warm­hearted and trustworthy person ___ first time I met him. 10．The fact ____ the earth is becoming warmer and warmer has worried many scientists. pouring to understood the that 课堂效果检测(一) 85 Ⅲ.选词填空 1．______________ in my career, I was failing. 2．They bandage us when we are wounded, and comfort us when those we love ___________． 3．Whether you like it or not, advertisements _________ your life. 4．She seemed to ____________ frankness. 5．Many small victories ________ a big one. For the first time pass away pour into be lacking in pass away; pour into; for the first time; add up to; be lacking in; contribute to; set off; used to; a couple of; have access to add up to 课堂效果检测(一) 86 6．She told me something about what you _______ do. 7．I believe that each of us can ___________ the future of the world. 8．Nichols ______ for his remote farmhouse in Connecticut. 9．Kids shouldn’t ____________ violent films because they might imitate the things they see. 10．I spent __________ days sightseeing in Guilin. used to contribute to set off have access to a couple of 课堂效果检测(一) 87 课时语法精讲—— 过去完成时 课时语法精讲 89 语法体验 单句语法填空 1．I ________ (read) the book before I watched the movie based on it. 2．The film ____ already ______ (begin) when I got there. 3．I ________ (hope) to be able to take my seat in all this noise without being found. 4．It was the first time that he _____ ever ________ (speak) to me in such a tune. 5．If I _________ (know) your telephone number yesterday, I would have telephoned you. had read had begun had hoped had spoken had known 课时语法精讲 90 6．Hardly ____ we ________ (arrive) when she started complaining. 7．We arrived half an hour ago, but we didn’t expect the tickets __________ (sell) out. 8．No sooner ____ the words been spoken than he realised that he should have remained silent. had had been sold had arrived 课时语法精讲 91 语法讲座 一、过去完成时的概念 过去完成时表示在过去的事件之前发生的事件或存在的状态——即“过去的过去”。首先确定一个过去时间作为参照点，在这个过去时间参照点之前的时间就是“过去的过去”。我们可以通过下面的图示来帮助理解： ——过去的过去——过去(参照点)——现在―→ He told me that he had written a new book. (had written发生在told之前) 他告诉我他已经写了一本新书。 课时语法精讲 92 二、过去完成时的构成 过去完成时由“助动词 had＋过去分词”构成，其中had通用于各种人称。 肯定句：主语＋had＋done 否定句：主语＋had＋not＋done 一般疑问句：Had＋主语＋done ...? 课时语法精讲 93 三、过去完成时与现在完成时的区别 现在完成时表示的动作发生在过去，但侧重对现在产生的结果或造成的影响，与现在有关，其结构为“助动词 have (has)＋过去分词”；过去完成时则是一种相对的状态，它所表示的动作不仅发生在过去，更强调“过去的过去”，只有和过去某时或某动作相比较时，才用过去完成时。 I have learned 1，000 English words so far. 到目前为止我已经学会了1，000个英语单词。 I had learned 1，000 English words till then. 到那时为止我已经学会了1，000个英语单词。 课时语法精讲 94 —I'm sorry to keep you waiting. —Oh, not at all. I have been here only a few minutes. ——对不起，让你久等了。 ——没什么，我只等了几分钟。(“等”的动作从过去某一时间点持续到现在) —John returned home yesterday. —Where had he been? ——约翰昨天回到家的。 ——他去哪里了？(此处用过去完成时是指约翰在“回家”之前去了哪些地方，即“过去的过去”) 课时语法精讲 95 四、过去完成时与一般过去时的区别 虽然这两种时态都表示过去发生的动作或存在的状态，但在使用时应注意以下几点： 1．时间状语不同：过去完成时在时间上强调“过去的过去”；而一般过去时只强调过去某一特定的时间。试比较： They had arrived at the station by ten yesterday. 昨天他们十点前才到达车站。 They arrived at the station at ten yesterday. 昨天他们十点到达车站。 课时语法精讲 96 2．在没有明确的过去时间状语作标志时，谓语动词动作发生的先后顺序须依据上下文或具体的语境来判断：先发生的用过去完成时，后发生的则用一般过去时。 She was very happy. Her whole family were pleased with her, too. She had just won the first in the composition. 她当时很开心。全家人也为她高兴。她在作文比赛上获得了第一名。 课时语法精讲 97 3．当两个或两个以上接连发生的动作用and或but连接时，按时间顺序，只需用一般过去时来代替过去完成时；另外，在before, after, as soon as引导的从句中，由于这些连词本身已经表示出时间的先后，因此也可以用过去时来代替过去完成时。 He entered the room, turned on the light and read an evening paper. 他走进房间，打开了灯，读起了晚报。 I (had) called her before I left the office. 我在离开办公室前给她打了电话。 课时语法精讲 98 五、过去完成时的主要用法 1．过去完成时需要与一个表示过去的时间状语连用，它不能离开过去的时间而单独存在。多与already, yet, still, just, before, never等时间副词及by, before, until等引导的短语或从句连用。 Before she came to China, Grace had taught English in a middle school for about five years. 在来中国之前，格雷斯已经在一所中学教了大约五年英语。 2．当宾语从句的主句为一般过去时，且从句的动作先于主句的动作时，从句要用过去完成时。多用于tell, say, know, hear, think等动词后的宾语从句中。 She said that she had seen the film before. 她说她以前看过那部电影。 课时语法精讲 99 3．表示过去未曾实现的想法和打算。过去完成时除表示“过去的过去”外，还可表示过去未曾实现的想法和打算，通常连用的动词有 want, think, hope, plan, mean, expect, intend, suppose等。 I had meant to come, but something happened. 我本想来，但有事就没有来。 4．用于对过去假设的虚拟语气的从句中。 She wished she had stayed at home. 她真希望自己当时待在家里。 课时语法精讲 100 5．用于特殊句式。 (1)在hardly/scarcely/barely ... when ... ; no sooner ... than ... 等句式中，主句通常用过去完成时，而从句则通常用一般过去时。这类句式均表示“一……就……”。 I had no sooner checked into the hotel than he arrived. 我一住进旅馆，他就到了。 (2)It was the first time＋从句(用过去完成时)。 It was the third time that he had entered the house. 这是他第三次进那所房子。 课时语法精讲 101 单句语法填空 ①Peter ___________ (collect) more than 300 Chinese stamps by the time he was ten. ②I ________ (hope) to send him a Christmas card, but I forgot to do so. ③I __________ (finish) reading the novel by nine o'clock last night. ④When I got to the station, the train ____ already ____ (leave). ⑤He had no sooner left the room than they _____ (begin) to talk about him. had collected had hoped had finished had left began 课时语法精讲 102 ⑥It was the first time that the old man ________ (be) in this city. ⑦If Jack ________ (not meet) Rose on his voyage, he would be alive now. ⑧He kept looking at her, wondering whether he ________ (see) her somewhere. ⑨So far, no one ________ (make) any mistakes yet. ⑩Mr Smith died yesterday; he ________ (be) a good friend of mine. had been hadn't met had seen has made had been 课时语法精讲 103 课堂效果检测(二) Ⅰ.单句语法填空 1．By the time my parents reached home yesterday, I _________ (cook) the dinner already. 2．The centre is easily ________ (access) to the general public. 3．I ________ (be) at the bus stop for 20 minutes when a bus finally came. 4．Only those who __________ (book) in advance were allowed in. 5．The weather was rather worse than I___________ (expect)． had cooked accessible had been had booked had expected 课堂效果检测(二) 105 6．Mary went to the box office at lunchtime, but all the tickets ________ (sell) out. 7．They would rather they _____________ (not attend) the party. 8．He gave a speech that was worthy ___ Martin Luther King. 9．This was the third time we ________ (do) the experiment. 10．They became friends again that day; until then, they ___________ (not speak) to each other for nearly two years. had sold hadn't attended of had done hadn't spoken 课堂效果检测(二) 106 Ⅱ.单句表达 1．我们到那里时，篮球赛已经开始了。 When we got there, the basketball match ________________. 2．我很幸运，因为这是我第三次来中国了。 I was lucky because it was the third time that ________________． 3．约翰，我的一个朋友，上周才刚刚结婚，婚礼的费用比他原计划的要多3，000美元。 John, a friend of mine, who got married only last week, spent $3，000 more than he ________________________． had already started I had visited China had planned for the wedding 课堂效果检测(二) 107 4．如果你听从了医生的建议，你现在就会好了。 If you ______________________________， you would be fine now. 5．我刚闭上眼，电话铃就响了。 I ___________________________________ when the telephone rang. had followed the doctor's suggestion had hardly/scarcely/barely closed my eyes 课堂效果检测(二) 108 课后课时作业（一） Ⅰ　完形填空 It's common for homeless people to pick up recyclable things to sell and make a living. However, it's not so common to see them sit in a restaurant where the average meal costs $150. But that's __1__ what happened when a man walked into Benvindo, a __2__ restaurant in Belo Horizonte. According to the staff, a homeless man __3__ the waiters at the front door and wanted a meal. He also insisted on paying for it with the money he made by __4__ the cans: a single $50 bill. 课后课时作业（一） 110 “I thought this was something __5__，” said Fontes, a 21­year­old waiter. But he continued providing __6__ for the man as he served other guests. The man __7__ an executive lunch, including a main dish and dessert, which __8__ $121.80. However, when the man asked for the bill, the restaurant's owner told Fontes to waive (放弃) the charge. Instead of accepting the free meal, the man politely turned it __9__ and insisted on paying. When it became __10__ that the man wasn’t ready to change his __11__， the waiter decided to charge him $10. Fontes said, “I then had to lie, saying customers could get a(n) __12__ on the lunch for there was an ongoing __13__， because the man had $50 and refused to get the $40.” 课后课时作业（一） 111 A customer there took a picture of them and shared it online, saying, “I just __14__ a great example of consideration ...” The photo gained hundreds of __15__， praising Fontes and the man. Fontes said he simply wanted to perform an act of kindness for an honest hardworking man. 篇章导读：本文是一篇记叙文。流浪汉去一家高档饭店吃饭并且坚持要付钱，而老板让服务员不要收钱。服务员善意撒谎说餐厅正在搞促销活动。他们的行为得到了大家的赞美。 课后课时作业（一） 112 1.A.precisely B．probably C．illegally D．frequently 解析： precisely 恰好地；精确地；probably 可能；illegally 非法地；frequently 经常地。根据上文中的“it's not so common to see them sit in a restaurant where the average meal costs $150”和“But”可知，流浪汉一般不会在平均价格为150美元的餐厅吃饭，但这样的事恰好发生了。故选A。 课后课时作业（一） 113 2．A.newly­built B．high­end C．self­service D．non­profit 解析： newly­built 新建的；high­end 高端的；self­service 自助的；non­profit 非营利性的。根据下文中的“an executive lunch, including a main dish and dessert”可推知，这是一个高档餐厅。故选B。 课后课时作业（一） 114 解析： blame 责怪；praise 称赞；approach 靠近，接近；urge 催促。根据下文中的“the waiters at the front door and wanted a meal”可知，流浪汉在前门处靠近服务人员，想就餐。故选C。 3．A.blamed B．praised C．approached D．urged 课后课时作业（一） 115 解析： collect 收集；break 破坏；produce 生产；preserve 保护。此处指他坚持用他收集易拉罐得来的钱来付款：一张50美元的钞票。故选A。 4．A.collecting B．breaking C．producing D．preserving 解析： complex 复杂的；plain 普通的；painful 痛苦的；strange 奇怪的。根据下文中的“But he continued providing”可知，此处表示服务员觉得奇怪。故选D。 5．A.complex B．plain C．painful D．strange 课后课时作业（一） 116 6．A.service B．information C．comfort D．Support 7．A.declined B．prepared C．chose D．recommended 解析：service 服务；information 信息；comfort 舒适度；support 支持。根据下文中的“served”可知，此处与之呼应，表示服务。故选A。 解析：根据下文中的“including a main dish and dessert”可知，此处指流浪汉选择了一份午餐。故选C。 课后课时作业（一） 117 解析：come to 共计；go through 经历，通过；pass down 流传；jump at 欣然接受。此处表示所点餐的价格总数。故选A。 8．A.came to B．went through C．passed down D．jumped at 课后课时作业（一） 118 解析：turn up出现；turn down 拒绝；谢绝；turn off 关闭；turn on 打开。根据上文中的“the restaurant's owner told Fontes to waive (放弃) the charge”可知，餐厅不收钱。Instead of表示转折，表示这个人拒绝并且坚持付款。故选B。 9．A.up B．down C．off D．on 课后课时作业（一） 119 解析：句意：很显然流浪汉不会改变他的立场，所以服务员最终同意收他10美元。significant 重要的；confusing 令人困惑的；disappointing 令人失望的；apparent 明显的。故选D。 10．A.significant B．confusing C．disappointing D．apparent 课后课时作业（一） 120 解析： position 立场；姿态；confusion 困惑；situation 情况；expectation 期待。此处是指坚持付款这件事，这是流浪汉的立场。故选A。 11．A.position B．confusion C．situation D．expectation 解析： subject 主题；outline 大纲；discount 折扣；suggestion 建议。根据下文可知，流浪汉拒绝接受找零，所以服务员只能说顾客可以获得折扣。故选C。 12．A.subject B．outline C．discount D．suggestion 课后课时作业（一） 121 解析：promotion 促销；custom 习俗；trend 趋势，风尚；donation 捐赠。根据下文中的“the man had $50 and refused to get the $40”可知，流浪汉拒绝接受40美元找零，所以服务员只能说有促销活动。故选A。 13．A.promotion B．custom C．trend D．donation 课后课时作业（一） 122 解析：hear 听说；witness 目睹；follow 跟随；relay 传达。根据上文中的“A customer there took a picture of them ...”可知，此处指一位顾客目睹了这件事。故选B。 14．A.heard B．witnessed C．followed D．relayed 课后课时作业（一） 123 解析：instruction 指示；reference 参考；warning 警告；comment 评论。对于这张照片成百人给出了评论，都是赞扬服务员和流浪汉的。故选D。 15．A.instructions B．references C．warnings D．comments 课后课时作业（一） 124 Ⅱ　阅读 A My color television has given me nothing but a headache. I was able to buy it a little over a year ago because I had my relatives give me money for my birthday instead of a lot of clothes that wouldn't fit. I let a salesclerk fool me into buying a discontinued model. I realized this a day later, when I saw newspaper advertisements for the set at seventy­five dollars less than I had paid. The set worked so beautifully when I first got it home that I would keep it on until stations signed__off for the night. Fortunately, I didn't got any channels showing all­night movies or I would never have gotten to bed. 课后课时作业（一） 125 Then I started developing a problem with the set that involved static (静电) noise. For some reason, when certain shows switched into a commercial, a loud noise would sound for a few seconds. Gradually, this noise began to appear during a show, and to get rid of it. I had to change to another channel and then change it back. Sometimes this technique would not work, and I had to pick up the set and shake it to remove the sound. I actually began to build up my arm muscles (肌肉) shaking my set. 课后课时作业（一） 126 When neither of these methods removed the static noise, I would sit helplessly and wait for the noise to go away. At last I ended up hitting the set with my fist, and it stopped working altogether. My trip to the repair shop cost me $62, and the set is working well now, but I keep expecting more trouble. 篇章导读：本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者被愚弄以较高的价格买了一台电视，之后每天晚上沉迷于看电视，结果电视坏了，作者只好又花了一笔钱修电视的事情。 课后课时作业（一） 127 1．Why did the author say he was fooled into buying the TV set? A．He got an older model than he had expected. B．He couldn't return it when it was broken. C．He could have bought it at a lower price. D．He failed to find any movie shows on it. 解析：细节理解题。根据第一段中的“when I saw newspaper advertisements for the set at seventy­five dollars less than I had paid”可知，报纸上刊登的电视广告中电视的价格比他买的便宜了75美元，作者本可以用更低的价格买到电视，所以他感觉受到了愚弄。故选C。 课后课时作业（一） 128 2．Which of the following can best replace the phrase “signed off” in Paragraph 1? A．Ended all their programs. B．Provided fewer channels. C．Changed to commercials. D．Showed all­night movies. 解析：词义猜测题。根据画线短语后的“Fortunately, I didn't got any channels showing all­night movies or I would never have gotten to bed.(幸运的是，我没有找到任何一个频道是整个晚上播电影的，否则我永远都不会睡觉。)”可推知，刚买回电视的时候，作者一直看电视直到电视台播完所有节目。因此画线短语意为“结束了他们所有的节目”。故选A。 课后课时作业（一） 129 3．How did the author finally get his TV set working again? A．By shaking and hitting it. B．By turning it on and off. C．By switching channels. D．By having it repaired. 解析：细节理解题。根据最后一段中的“My trip to the repair shop cost me $62, and the set is working well now”可知，作者花了62美元修好了电视。故选D。 课后课时作业（一） 130 4．How does the author sound when telling the story? A．Curious. B.Anxious. C．Cautious. D.Humorous. 解析：推理判断题。根据文章内容可推知，作者是在用幽默的语气讲这件事情的。故选D。 课后课时作业（一） 131 B Jim Johnson, a mail carrier, was an institution in the leafy Westmoreland, Westhaven and Westover Hills neighborhoods, just north of downtown Wilmington, where he delivered much more than the mail. He knew all the kids and their pets by name; he carried in the groceries; he took note of unlocked doors, offered gardening advice, and taught more than a few young boys the art of the curveball. When he wasn't doing all that, Jim was running across a checkerboard of green lawns (草坪) to ensure the local postal service did not fall short of its daily promise. 课后课时作业（一） 132 Though the postal service is often disparaged now, the trust in local postal service lives on. In many communities, that trust is won every day when life－saving medicine, greeting cards, social security checks, college acceptance letters—even the bills—appear in mailboxes in front of the houses. After more than three decades, Jim approached his final days on the job much like any other. He drove a boxy postal truck to North DuPont Road for the first unofficial stop of the day. Butch, a dog who belonged to one of the neighbors, was waiting just like every day before. And just like every day before, he got into the jump seat and they were off. On the route, Jim and Butch had become inseparable. Now, the dog and the mailman would ride off to retirement together. At every stop, Jim accepted the parting good wishes of families that had become his own. There were tears and laughter, and hugs filled with warm memories. 课后课时作业（一） 133 It's been 33 years since Jim left the route, but we are still reminded of the deep bond established between community and letter carrier. That's what the postal service means to us. 篇章导读：本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了邮递员Jim Johnson (吉姆·约翰逊)在多年的工作中与大家建立了深厚感情，以及邮政服务对社区的重要性。 课后课时作业（一） 134 5．What do we know about Jim Johnson from the first paragraph? A．He's open－minded. B．He's sharp－eyed. C．He's warm－hearted. D．He's strong－willed. 解析：推理判断题。根据第一段中的“He knew all the kids ... its daily promise.(他知道所有孩子和他们的宠物，并能叫出他们的名字；他会帮忙搬运杂货；他会留意到那些没锁的门，提供园艺建议，还教会了不少年轻男孩投曲线球的技巧。当他不做这些事情的时候，吉姆会跑过棋盘状的绿色草坪，以确保当地的邮政服务不会达不到每天的承诺。)”可推知，Jim Johnson是一个热心肠的人。故选C。` 课后课时作业（一） 135 6．What does the underlined word “disparaged” in paragraph 2 mean? A．Refused. B．Criticized. C．Investigated. D．Suspended. 解析：词义猜测题。根据画线词所在句“Though the postal service ... lives on.”可知，前后句是转折关系，后半句提到对当地邮政服务的信任依然存在，前半句应指邮政服务现在常被批评，因此，画线词disparaged与criticized意思相近。故选B。 课后课时作业（一） 136 7．What did Jim do besides daily delivery on his final days of work? A．He drove Butch to its owner. B．He sent presents to his friends. C．He prepared a retirement party. D．He said goodbye to the neighbors. 解析：细节理解题。根据第三段中的“At every stop, Jim accepted ... and hugs filled with warm memories.(每到一站，吉姆都会接受那些已经成为他自己的家人的告别祝福。有泪水，有欢笑，有充满温暖回忆的拥抱。)”可知，Jim在工作的最后几天除了每天送货外，还向邻居们告别。故选D。 课后课时作业（一） 137 8．What is the author's purpose in writing the text? A．To remember a respected mail carrier. B．To record an unforgettable experience. C．To raise funds for the postal service. D．To call for harmony in the community. 解析：推理判断题。通读全文可知，文章主要讲述了邮递员Jim Johnson在工作中热心帮助邻里，与大家建立了深厚感情，在他退休33年后，作者依然记得他，并表达了对他的怀念之情。由此可推知，作者写这篇文章的目的是纪念一位受人尊敬的邮递员。故选A。 课后课时作业（一） 138 Ⅲ　七选五 Growth is painful. It's like clearing out your drawers by pulling out every little thing inside of you, examining it, and deciding whether to throw it out or not. It can be scary. Therefore, if you have the following feelings, that's the beginning of growing. Uncertainty During the process of growth, you should feel uncertain. __1__ Let it run its course and enjoy the aimlessness as much as you can. Self­doubt __2__ Everything you've come to know about yourself and your life is now being examined. If you're not feeling self­doubt, you're not going deep enough. Keep digging. The moment that you feel self­doubt is the dark night before the dawn. 课后课时作业（一） 139 Insecurity (不安全感) Many people believe that insecurity is shameful. However, it means that you are moving from one stage to the next. You are stepping into a completely unknown part of yourself. __3__ Fear Do you know why you've been kept away from your chances to grow? __4__ Keep moving forward and pushing beyond it. Anxiety Where there is insecurity, fear, and uncertainty, there is surely anxiety. Anxiety is part of growth. You have very little control over what happens to you. However, you can control how you react to it. You can choose to stick your head in the sand and stay the same, or you can grow and be free. __5__ 课后课时作业（一） 140 A．The choice is yours. B．You don't know where to go yet. C．Be grateful for these scary feelings. D．You must experience it in your childhood. E．That's the fear that has kept you from moving on. F．Of course you will feel doubtful about what you're doing. G．It's only natural that you wouldn't feel wholly sure of yourself. 篇章导读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了需要正确面对成长过程中的烦恼。 课后课时作业（一） 141 1．答案：B 解析：根据上文“During the process of growth, you should feel uncertain.(在成长的过程中，你会感到犹豫。)”和下文“Let it run its course and enjoy the aimlessness as much as you can.(让它顺其自然，尽情享受漫无目的的生活。)”可知，成长过程中会有不知何去何从的时候。B项(你不知道该何去何从。)符合语境。故选B。 课后课时作业（一） 142 2．答案：F 解析：根据本段小标题“Self­doubt”可推知，本段围绕自我怀疑进行阐述。下文“If you're not feeling self­doubt, you're not going deep enough.(如果你没有自我怀疑，说明你还不够深入。)”指出对自己产生怀疑是成长的必经之路。F项(当然，你会对自己正在做的事情感到怀疑。)引出下文。故选F。 课后课时作业（一） 143 3．答案：G 解析：根据上文“Many people believe that insecurity is shameful.(许多人认为有不安全感是可耻的。)”以及“You are stepping into a completely unknown part of yourself.(你正在踏入自己完全未知的部分。)”可推知，作者认为踏入自己完全未知的领域会有不安全感是很自然的。G项(自己会有不安全感，这是很自然的。)承接上文。故选G。 课后课时作业（一） 144 4．答案：E 解析：根据本段小标题“Fear”可推知，本段将围绕恐惧展开。上文“Do you know why you've been kept away from your chances to grow? (你知道为什么你被剥夺了成长的机会吗？)”提出问题，引起读者思考，下文“Keep moving forward and pushing beyond it.(继续前进，超越它。)”指出要继续前进，超越恐惧。E项(让你止步不前的正是恐惧。)回答了上文的问题，“it”代指E项中的“fear”。故选E。 课后课时作业（一） 145 5．答案：A 解析：上文“You can choose to stick your head in the sand and stay the same, or you can grow and be free.(你可以选择把头埋进沙子里，保持原样，或者你可以选择成长，获得自由。)”指出焦虑是成长的一部分，但是你可以有很多种选择。A项(选择权在你。)承接上文。故选A。 课后课时作业（一） 146 课后课时作业（二） Ⅰ　阅读 A December 15, 2019 Dear Alfred， I want to tell you how important your help is to my life. Growing up, I had people telling me I was too slow, though, with an IQ of 150＋at 17, I'm anything but stupid. The fact was that I was found to have ADHD (注意力缺陷多动障碍). Anxious all the time, I was unable to keep focused for more than an hour at a time. 课后课时作业（二） 148 However, when something did interest me, I could become absorbed. In high school, I became curious about the computer, and built my first website. Moreover, I completed the senior course of Computer Basics, plus five relevant pre­college courses. While I was exploring my curiosity, my disease got worse. I wanted to go to college after high school, but couldn’t. So, I was killing my time at home until June 2017 when I discovered the online computer courses of your training center. Since then, I have taken courses like Data Science and Advanced Mathematics. Currently, I'm learning your Probability course. I have hundreds of printer paper, covered in self­written notes from your video. This has given me a purpose. 课后课时作业（二） 149 Last year, I spent all my time looking for a job where, without dealing with the public, I could work alone, but still have a team to talk to. Luckily, I discovered the job—Data Analyst—this month and have been going full steam ahead. I want to prove that I can teach myself a respectful profession, without going to college, and be just as good as, if not better than, my competitors. Thank you. You've given me hope that I can follow my heart. For the first time, I feel good about myself because I'm doing something, not because someone told me I was doing good. I feel whole. 课后课时作业（二） 150 This is why you're saving my life. Yours， Tanis 篇章导读：本文是一篇应用文。作者患有多动症，无法上大学。于是作者在家通过网络学习了培训中心的计算机课程，并找到了心仪的工作。作者认为是培训中心的老师给了她希望和自信，写了这封信表达感谢。 课后课时作业（二） 151 1.Why didn't Tanis go to college after high school? A．She had learned enough about computer science. B．She had more difficulty keeping focused. C．She preferred taking online courses. D．She was too slow to learn. 解析：细节理解题。根据第二段中的“The fact was that I was found to have ADHD (注意力缺陷多动障碍)．”以及第四段中的“my disease got worse. I wanted to go to college after high school, but couldn't”可知，由于作者的病加重了，更难集中注意力，因此上不了大学。故选B。 课后课时作业（二） 152 2．As for the working environment, Tains prefers________． A．working by herself B．dealing with the public C．competing against others D．staying with ADHD students 解析：细节理解题。根据倒数第三段中的“without dealing with the public, I could work alone”可知，作者不想处理复杂的人际关系，喜欢独自工作。故选A。 课后课时作业（二） 153 3．Tanis wrote this letter in order to________． A．explain why she was interested in the computer B．share the ideas she had for her profession C．show how grateful she was to the center D．describe the courses she had taken so far 解析：推理判断题。根据倒数第二段中的“Thank you. You've given me hope that I can follow my heart.”可知，作者认为是培训中心的老师给了她希望和自信，让自己可以追随内心的想法。由此可推知，作者写这封信是为了表达她对培训中心的感激。故选C。 课后课时作业（二） 154 B Mark Twain was a great writer.He was from the USA.He was born in 1835. He was also a famous speaker. He was famous for his sense of humour. Many people liked to listen to his talk because he liked to tell some interesting stories to make people laugh all the time. 课后课时作业（二） 155 One day, Mark Twain was going to a small town because of his writing. Before he was going to leave, one of his friends said to him that there were always a lot of mosquitoes (蚊子) in the town and told him that he'd better not go there. Mark Twain waved (摇动) his hand and said, “It doesn't matter. The mosquitoes are no relatives of mine. I don't think they will come to visit me.” After he arrived at the town, Mark Twain stayed in a small hotel near the station. He went into his room, but when he was just about to have a rest, quite a few mosquitoes flew around him. The waiters felt very sorry about that. “I'm very sorry, Mr Mark Twain. There are too many mosquitoes in our town，” one of them said to him. 课后课时作业（二） 156 Mark Twain, however, made a joke, saying to the waiter, “The mosquitoes are very clever. They know my room number. They didn't come into the wrong room.” What he said made all the people present laugh heartily. But that night Mark Twain slept well. Do you know why? That was because all the waiters in the hotel were driving the mosquitoes away for him during the whole night. 篇章导读：本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了Mark Twain (马克·吐温)为了写作住进了一个小镇的宾馆中，宾馆的服务员帮助他驱赶蚊子的小故事。 课后课时作业（二） 157 4．That day Mark Twain went to the town ________． A．to see one of his friends B．because he wanted to do something there for his writing C．because he was told there were a lot of mosquitoes there D．to see one of his relatives 解析：细节理解题。根据第二段中的“One day, Mark Twain was going to a small town because of his writing.”可知，Mark Twain去这个镇子是为了写作方面的事情。故选B。 课后课时作业（二） 158 5．The waiters felt sorry because ________． A．they did something wrong to Mark Twain B．their hotel was too small C．the room was not very clean D．there were quite a few mosquitoes in Mark Twain's room 解析：细节理解题。根据第三段中的“but when he was just about to have a rest, quite a few mosquitoes flew around him”可知，服务员感到抱歉是因为Mark Twain的房间里面有很多蚊子。故选D。 课后课时作业（二） 159 6．All the people present laughed heartily because ________． A．the mosquitoes were very clever and they didn't come into the wrong room B．the mosquitoes knew Mark Twain's room number C．Mark Twain gave the waiters some nice presents D．Mark Twain made a joke 解析：细节理解题。根据第四段“Mark Twain, however, made a joke ... What he said made all the people present laugh heartily.”可知，由于他讲了一个笑话，所以大家都笑了。故选D。 课后课时作业（二） 160 7．From the story we know ________． A．no mosquitoes troubled Mark Twain in the night B．the owner of the hotel told the waiters to look after Mark Twain well at night C．Mark Twain didn't have a good rest that night D．there were not mosquitoes in the hotel any longer 解析：推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“But that night Mark Twain slept well.”和“That was because all the waiters in the hotel were driving the mosquitoes away for him during the whole night.”可推知，由于宾馆的服务员一整晚都帮他驱赶蚊子，所以那天晚上没有蚊子来咬他。故选A。 课后课时作业（二） 161 Ⅱ　语法填空 The desire to be physically near others is human nature. We humans are social creatures. Many studies have shown that hunter­gatherers formed “bands” as they found __1__ more efficient to find enough food for __2__ (survive) through joint efforts. They also found strength in numbers. When __3__ (work) as a group, they could deal with threats more __4__ (effective)． 课后课时作业（二） 162 Today, having physical contact with other people and enjoying the company of others can release all sorts of chemicals in the brain and body, __5__ essentially give us feelings of happiness and even love. This is __6__ it’s not just the athletes or the musicians that give us the sense of pleasure when we go to a concert or a football match. Being with a lot of other people __7__ (add) to the happiness. After events like this, people say they feel more __8__ (bond) to one another and that they feel part of something whole. 课后课时作业（二） 163 In these complex __9__ (society) we have developed, we head one another to get by. In hunter­gatherer days, one person or family may have been responsible for finding food, cooking it, building a home and making clothes. Now we rely heavily on other people from all over the world, with their own sets of knowledge and skills, __10__ (carry) out different functions. 1．________　2.________　3.________　4.________5．________　 6.________　7.________　8.________9．________　10.________ 篇章导读：本文是一篇说明文。渴望在身体上接近别人是人的天性。人类是社会生物，需要依靠彼此生存。从古代到现代，人际之间都存在依附关系。 课后课时作业（二） 164 1．答案：it 解析：考查代词。此处用it作形式宾语，真正的宾语是不定式短语。故填it。 2．答案：survival 解析：考查词性转换。设空处应用名词作介词for的宾语。故填survival。 3．答案：working 解析：考查非谓语动词。When __3__ (work) as a group作时间状语，work与其逻辑主语they之间是主动关系，应用现在分词。故填working。 4．答案：effectively 解析：考查词性转换。修饰谓语动词could deal with，应用副词作状语。故填effectively。 课后课时作业（二） 165 5．答案：which 解析：考查定语从句的引导词。设空处引导非限制性定语从句，指代all sorts of chemicals in the brain and body，引导词在从句中作主语，指物。故填which。 6．答案：why 解析：考查表语从句的连接词。句意：这就是当我们去看音乐会或足球比赛时，不仅仅是运动员或音乐家给了我们快乐感的原因。why在此处引导表语从句，后面跟结果。故填why。 课后课时作业（二） 166 7．答案：adds 解析：考查动词的时态和主谓一致。动名词短语作主语，谓语动词用单数，且文章主时态是一般现在时。故填adds。 8．答案：bonded 解析：考查词性转换。句意：在这样的事件之后，人们说他们觉得彼此更紧密地联系在一起，感觉到自己是整体的一部分。feel是系动词，接形容词作表语，bonded表示“(感情上)结为一体的”。故填bonded。 课后课时作业（二） 167 9．答案： societies 解析：考查名词。society “社会(共同遵守一定的习俗、法律等的特定群体)”，由these修饰，应用复数。故填societies。 10．答案： to carry 解析：考查非谓语动词。此处表示去履行不同的职能，应用不定式作目的状语。故填to carry。 课后课时作业（二） 168 Ⅲ　读后续写 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 The park bench was deserted as I sat down to read beneath an old willow tree. Not satisfied with life, I was upset. At this time, a young boy approached me. He stood right before me with his head tilting (倾斜) down, saying with great excitement, “Look what I found！” 课后课时作业（二） 169 In his hand was a flower, and what a pitiful sight, with its petals (花瓣) all worn. That's because there was not enough rain or light. Wanting him to take his dead flower away and go off to play, I forced a small smile and then turned away. But instead of leaving, he sat next to my side and placed the flower to his nose and declared with certainty. He said, “It surely smells pretty and it's beautiful, too. That's why I picked it and it's for you.” 课后课时作业（二） 170 The flower before me was dying or dead. But I knew I must take it, or he might never leave. So I reached for the flower and replied, “Just what I need.” But instead of placing the flower in my hand, he held it in mid－air without reason. It was then that I noticed for the first time the boy was blind. I heard my voice shake and my eyes were full of tears as I thanked him for picking the very best one. He smiled, and then walked off to play, unaware of the effect he had on my day. 课后课时作业（二） 171 I sat there and wondered how he managed to see a self­pitying woman beneath an old willow tree. Meanwhile, I felt confused about the reason why he tried to make me happy by showing the flower? Perhaps from his heart, he enjoyed the world with true sight. 注意： 1．续写词数应为150个左右； 2．请按如下格式在相应位置作答。 课后课时作业（二） 172 　　Through the kindness of the blind child, I achieved some new awareness. ﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍ 　　Then I stood up and walked to the boy. ﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍ 课后课时作业（二） 173 写前导读：本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。有一天，“我”沮丧地坐在公园长椅上，一个男孩走了过来，递给“我”一朵花。后来，“我”震惊地发现，他居然是一个盲人！男孩的行为让“我”领悟到了什么？“我”怎样回馈男孩对“我”的善举？ 课后课时作业（二） 174 [精彩范文] Through the kindness of the blind child, I achieved some new awareness. I could see the problem was not connected with the world, but me. And for all of those times I had been blind, I swore to see beauty, and love every second that's mine just like the little boy did. I held the flower and watched the boy playing happily with his little friends for a long time. And I knew it was time to change myself. Then I stood up and walked to the boy. I went down and held him around with my arms slowly telling him, “Little boy, you gave me the most beautiful flower in the world today. And you taught me how to appreciate my life with that magic flower. I will not feel upset any more. Instead, I will hug every moment in my future.” The little boy hugged me and smiled to me sweetly like the most beautiful flower in the world. 课后课时作业（二） 175 R $$