内容正文:
【对口升学二轮复习知识清单系列2】对口升学中职英语
高频常考句型(8节)
第2节
虚拟语气句型
条件句中的虚拟语气
1.用于表示与现在事实相反的假设,通常用在条件从句中。
句型结构:
条件从句:过去式(be动词用were)
主句:would/could/might/should+动词原形
If I were you,I would study harder.
(如果我是你,我会更努力学习。)
She would help us if she had time.
(如果她有时间,她会帮助我们的。)
If it were sunny,we could go to the beach.
(如果天气晴朗,我们就可以去海滩。)
2.与过去事实相反的虚拟语气
用于表示与过去事实相反的假设,通常用在过去条件从句中。
句型结构:
条件从句:过去完成时(had+过去分词)
主句:would/could/might/should+have+过去分词
If I had studied harder,I would have passed the exam.
(如果我之前更努力学习,我就能通过考试了。)
She could have finished the project if she had more time.
(如果她有更多时间,她就能完成这个项目了。)
If it had been sunny,we could have gone to the beach.
(如果天气晴朗,我们就能去海滩了。)
3.与将来事实相反的虚拟语气
用于表示不太可能发生的未来情况或假设。
句型结构:
条件从句:过去式/should+动词原形/were to+动词原形
主句:would/could/might/should+动词原形
If it rained tomorrow,we would stay at home.
(如果明天下雨,我们就会待在家里。)
If he were to ask me,I would tell him the truth.
(如果他问我,我会告诉他真相。)
If she should fail the exam,she might lose her scholarship.
(如果她考试不及格,她可能会失去奖学金。)
4.混合虚拟语气
用于表示条件从句和主句的时间不一致的情况。
If I had known you were coming,I would be at the station now.
(如果我知道你要来,我现在就会在车站等你。)
If he had studied harder,he would be more successful now.
(如果他之前更努力学习,他现在就会更成功。)
名词性从句中的虚拟语气
虚拟语气还常用于表示建议、要求、命令等的名词性从句中,尤其是宾语从句、主语从句和表语从句。
句型结构:动词+(that)+主语+should+动词原形(should常省略)
I suggest that he(should)study harder.
(我建议他更努力学习。)
The teacher demanded that the students(should)finish the assignment on time.
(老师要求学生们按时完成作业。)
It is important that we(should)take this seriously.
(我们认真对待这件事很重要。)
动词wish 后的宾语从句中的虚拟语气
用于表示与现实相反的愿望。
句型结构:与现在事实相反:过去式(be动词用were)
I wish I were taller.
(我希望我更高一些。)
与过去事实相反:过去完成时(had+过去分词)
She wishes she had studied more in college.
(她希望她在大学时能多学点东西。)
与将来不太可能实现的愿望:would+动词原形
He wishes he would win the lottery.
(他希望他能中彩票。)
虚拟语气在 as if/as though 引导的从句中的用法
用于表示假设或不真实的比较。
句型结构:
与现在事实相反:过去式(be动词用were)
与过去事实相反:过去完成时(had+过去分词)
He talks as if he knew everything.
(他说话的语气就好像他什么都知道似的。)
She acted as if nothing had happened.
(她表现得好像什么都没发生过。)
虚拟语气在 if only 引导的从句中的用法
用于表示强烈的愿望或假设。
句型结构:
与现在事实相反:过去式(be动词用were)
与过去事实相反:过去完成时(had+过去分词)
If only I were younger!
(要是我年轻点就好了!)
If only I had known the truth earlier!
(要是我早知道真相就好了!)
虚拟语气在 it's time 句型中的用法
用于表示“该做某事的时候了”,从句中常用虚拟语气。
句型结构:
It's(high)time+主语+动词的过去式
It's time we went home.
(该回家了。)
It's high time you apologized.
(你该道歉了。)
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