2025届高三英语一轮复习之定语从句课件

主从复合句 定语从句 attributive clause 1 定语 Part One She is a beautiful girl. Amy is a woman teacher. The girl in pink is my sister. I have something to say.  China is a developing country. There is a lady who wants to see you. 修饰名词或代词的成分叫定语。 Administrator (A) - 定语从句 Part Two 2 定语从句 陈述句语序 c 定语从句是用从句作定语修饰名词、代词等。 概念 There is a lady who wants to see you. She is a beautiful girl. 形容词作定语 句子作定语,修饰lady, 叫做定语从句 8 定语从句 陈述句语序 6 先行词 关系词 There is a lady who wants to see you. 关系代词 关系副词 who, whom, whose, which, that, as where, when, why 定语从句 引导定语从句； 在从句中代替先行词； 在定语从句中充当一定的成分。 关系词通常有三个作用 There is a lady who wants to see you. 关系词 所修饰的先行词 在从句中所作的成分 关系代词 that 人/物 主语、宾语、表语 which 物/事 主语、宾语 who 人 主语、宾语 whom 人 宾语 whose 人/物 定语 as 人/物 主语、宾语、表语 关系副词 when 时间名词 时间状语 where 地点名词 地点状语 why 原因名词（reason） 原因状语 关系代词具体用法 Part Three 3 定语从句— that 陈述句语序 先行词是人或物，在从句中作主语或宾语。 This is the girl that you are looking for. This is a beautiful skirt that is cheap. 定语从句— which 陈述句语序 先行词是物，在从句中作主语或宾语。 Mary people likes music which is quiet and gentle. The film which we saw last night was very interesting. 定语从句— who/whom 陈述句语序 先行词是人，who的先行词在从句中作主语或宾语，whom的先行词只在从句中作宾语。 Here comes the man who wants to see you. This is the boy who/whom you wants to find. 定语从句— whose 陈述句语序 先行词是人或物，在从句中作定语。后面有名词，表示“……的”。 This is the girl whose parents are very busy. I'd like a room whose windows are big. 试一试： （1）I read a report about his new book _________will soon be published. （2）Do you know the professor ________ is from Greece? （3）Mr. Green is the person_______________I like a lot. （4）The house _______ roof is red is mine. （5）I met Mr. Smith, _________daughter is a nurse. that/which that/who that/who whose whose Administrator (A) - 关系代词注意事项1： 陈述句语序 Everything that we saw in this film was true. I’ve read all the books that you lend me. 只能用 that不用which 的情况： 先行词被every, some, no, all, any, little, much等修饰时(或本身是先行词) everything, something, nothing, anything指物的不定代词作先行词时 关系代词注意事项1： This is the very book that belongs to him. 只能用 that不用which 的情况 先行词被the only, the very, the same, the last修饰时 This is the same story that my mother told me. 关系代词注意事项1： 陈述句语序 只能用 that不用which 的情况： Tom is the cleverest boy that I have ever known. This is the first play that I have seen since I came here. 序数词或形容词最高级修饰先行词时 关系代词注意事项1： 陈述句语序 I’ve never heard of the people and things that you talked about. 只能用 that不用which 的情况： 当先行词同时指人和物时 Which is the car that has overtaken us? 出现与关系代词相同的疑问词时 关系代词注意事项1： 陈述句语序 关系代词前有介词时 The garden in which a variety of flowers are planted attracts a great many visitors. 在非限制性定语从句中 He failed in the match, which was a pity. 只用which不用that的情况： 非限定性定语从句 She likes cities that have museums.她喜欢有博物馆的城市。 ——限定“哪种类别的城市” She visited London,which has many museums.她去了伦敦，那里有很多博物馆。———补充信息 限定性定语从句 非限定性定语从句 对比2句话，内容上几乎一摸一样，翻译出来意思有没有区别呢？ 限定修饰名词， 为什么？范围 陈述句语序 非限定性定语从句 He failed the exam that everyone considered easy. 他没能通过那场 人人都认为简单 的考试。 He failed the exam, which surprised everyone. 他考试不及格，这让大家很惊讶。 修饰单个的词 修饰整个主句 同胞 限定性和非限定性定语从句比较 陈述句语序 限定修饰名词 可用that 没有逗号 限定性定语从句 添加额外非必要信息 不能用关系词that which 一定要用逗号 非限定性定语从句 限定性：对先行词提供必不可少的信息，明确先行词的意义 非：因为先行词的意义已经非常明确了，所以只是提供补充更多的信息，删去非，主句的意思仍然概念清晰，结构完整。 练一练： （1）He told me everything ________he knew. （2）That is my house, ________ is very expensive. （3）It is the very book ________I’m looking for. （4）This is the school from________I have graduated. （5）I will never forget the people and things_____I met in India. that which that which that Administrator (A) - 关系代词注意事项2： Those who break the rules will be punished. Anyone who wants to join the club must sign up first. She is among the ones who truly understand me. There is a child who plays happily on the grass. ①先行词为 one, anyone, someone, all, those等不定代词且指人时 ②先行词为人称代词 ③there be句型中 只用who不用that的情况： 关系代词注意事项2： This is the best movie that I’ve seen this year. I have the only toy that my mother made for me. She is the only student who/that passed the exam. 先行词指物且 ①被the only, the very (正是、恰是), the last等修饰时 ②被序数词、形容词最高级修饰或先行词本身是序数词时 只用that不用who的情况： 练一练： （1）He ________ laughs last laughs best. （2）There is a man _________wants to see you. （3）Those ________ are dancing come from France. （4）She is the most beautiful girl______I have ever seen. （5）Lily was the first student_________came to school today. who who who who/that who/that Administrator (A) - 关系代词注意事项3： The scientist whose research changed modern medicine won the Nobel Prize. They live in an old house whose garden is full of flowers. whose既可指人也可指物，在定语从句中作定语。表示所属关系，意为“·····的” whose + n.= the + n. + of whom/which =of which/whom + the + n. They live in an old house, the garden of which is full of flowers. They live in an old house ,of which the garden is full of flowers. 练一练： I live next door to a couple whose children often make a lot of noise. = I live next door to a couple ___________________ often make a lot of noise. ＝I live next door to a couple_________________often make a lot of noise. whose + n.= the + n. + of whom/which =of which/whom + the + n. the children of whom of whom the children Administrator (A) - 关系代词注意事项4： 如果先行词被 as, so, such, the same等修饰时，关系代词用as, as 在从句中作主语或宾语，不能省略。 You can eat as many cakes as you want. He is not such a fool as he looks. We should respect such people as are honest and kind. This is the same book as I lost. as的用法 as引导非限制性定语从句的常用表达 as is known to all =as we all know 众所周知 as is reported 正如被报道的那样 as the saying goes 正如谚语所说 as is often the case正如通常的情况那样 as sb. put it 正如某人所说 as is mentioned/said above 正如上面提到的 关系代词注意事项4： He is late,as/which is often the case.他迟到了，这是常有的事情。 He passed the exam, as/which surprised .他通过了考试,这让所有人都很惊讶 As is known to us all,English is widely used. which和as引导非限制定语从句的区别 which as 位置 句中、句末 句首、句中、句末 意思 这一点，这件事 正如 练一练：用which或as填空 （1）I met Jay Zhou in person yesterday,________ is so exciting. （2）_____was predicted by the experts, the price is lower and lower. （3）_____ the old saying goes, “Where there is a will, there is a way.” which/as As As Administrator (A) - 关系副词具体用法 Part Four 4 陈述句语序 when 成分：状语，指代表示时间的先行词。 定语从句 — where when why Do you know the date when he was born? She went to Japan in 2015, when she was 20. when可以由“介词+which”替换 She went to Japan in 2015, in which she was 20. I will never forget the day on which I met him. 陈述句语序 where 成分：状语，指代表示地点的先行词。 定语从句 — where when why I love Beijing, where I made so many friends. This is the park where we often take a walk. where可以由“介词+which”替换 This is the park in which we often take a walk. Do you know the bus station at which we met each other? 陈述句语序 表抽象地点的名词 I like the atmosphere where everyone helps each other. We have reached the stage where we must take action. 先行词occasion意为“时机”时，用关系副词when； 意为“场合”时，用关系副词where。 There came an occasion when she got promoted. A wedding is an occasion where people get dressed up. point, position，situation, stage, case, condition, atmosphere 陈述句语序 why 成分：状语，先行词为why。 定语从句 — where when why Do you know the reason why he cried? why可以由“for+which”替换 Do you know the reason for which he cried? 陈述句语序 when where why on/in/during…+which 关系副词与介词+关系代词 on/in/at…+which for which 定语从句 练一练： 1.I will remember the days__________we spent together. 2.I will remember the days_______we loved each other. 3.This is the hotel__________we lived/stayed. 4.This is the hotel__________Lucy recommended to us. 5.That’s the reason___________ he was late. 6.That’s the reason___________ he told me. that/which when where that/which why that/which Administrator (A) - 介词+关系代词 Part Five 5 陈述句语序 先行词指物用which，先行词指人用whom “介词+关系代词”引导的定语从句 This is the school with which he is familiar. I thanked Tom from whom I got a lot of help. 陈述句语序 关系代词前介词的选用 “介词+关系代词”引导的定语从句 1.依据定语从句中动词、形容词等的习惯搭配来确定。 The person to whom I gave the gift was my teacher. 2.依据与先行词的搭配来确定。 This is the house in which I grew up. 3.根据所表达的意思来确定。 The colorless gas without which we can not live is called oxygen. 定语从句—介词用在关系词之前 ___________ I spent five yuan. ___________ I paid five yuan. ___________ I learnt a lot. ___________ Tom often talks. This is the book on which about which spend on 在……方面花费 pay for 为……付钱 learn from从……中学习 talk about 谈论.... from which for which 练一练： 1.The book________which I told you is on the shelf. 2.The person_______whom I borrowed the money is my brother. 3.The situation______which we found ourselves was dangerous. 4.This is the thing_______which I am interested. 5.I will never forget Tom, _______ whom I couldn’t have succeeded. about from in in without Administrator (A) - THANKS $$