Unit 3 Period 1 Starting out & Understanding ideas-【金版教程】2024-2025学年高中英语必修第三册作业与测评课件PPT（外研版2019）

WELCOME UNIT Unit 3　 The world of science Period 1　Starting out & Understanding ideas (pre­reading) 课时作业（一） 目录 CONTENTS 1 课时作业（一） Ⅰ　根据语境及汉语提示和首字母提示完成句子 1．Reading is a vital part of my life and it satisfies my ________ (渴望) to keep learning. 2．The higher the score is, the more the system can ________ (计算)． 3．Alex had forgotten to charge the ________ (电池)． 4．What's all that sticky ________ (东西) on the carpet? 5．___________ (火药) was used in China as far back as the 11th century. desire compute battery stuff Gunpowder 课时作业(一) 6．Go jump in the pail, and we'll s________ you into outer space. 7．Our plans need to be f________ enough to cater for the needs of everyone. 8．C________ is one of the four great inventions of ancient China. 9．If you want to choose another programme, p________ this button. 10．The development of v________ reality reflects the requirement of people. hoot lexible ompass ress irtual 课时作业(一) Ⅱ　单句语法填空 1．I had a strong desire _________ (help) and care for people. 2．Both of us have been interested in ____________ (wear) tech. 3．His lack of experience had led ________ his failure. 4．We live in ________ age of rapid technological advance. 5．Who was it ________ took my umbrella by mistake? to help wearable to an that 课时作业(一) Ⅲ　单句表达 1．我们知道你会有能力做到的。 We knew that you would ________________________． 2．在能力方面，他远胜于其他同事。 ______________ competence, he stood out from other colleagues. 3．此外，电脑对学习和工作也是很有帮助的。 _____________， computer is also very helpful for study and work. 4．毫无疑问，他这次一定会成功。 _____________________ that he will succeed this time. 5．我学到的一件事情就是，别轻易说决不。 One of the things I've learned is that you ___________________. be capable of making it In terms of In addition There is no doubt never say never 课时作业(一) Ⅳ　阅读 A Inventions born out of love Garbage Disposers John W. Hammes, an architect from Wisconsin, created the InSinkErator in 1935. Hammes got the idea after watching his wife spend time wrapping food in newspaper and throwing it out. The InSinkErator is a device, installed under a kitchen sink between the sink's drain and the trap. The disposal unit tears food waste into pieces small enough generally less than 2 mm in diameter—to pass through the plumbing. 课时作业(一) 8 Surgical Gloves William Stewart Halsted, M．D.(1852－1922) was a well­known US surgeon who is often called the “Father of Modern Surgery”. Known for his strict adherence to sterile (无菌的) working conditions, Halsted invented rubber gloves that allowed his colleagues to lessen the transfer of germs during their work. Yet the initial reason why he created them is more romantic than you would think. Knowing Caroline, a nurse, suffered from a skin disease during her work, Halsted invented the gloves especially for her and gave them to her as a gift after their marriage. 课时作业(一) 9 Band­Aids When Josephine Knight Dickson from New Jersey kept cutting herself while cooking for her family in the 1920s, her husband, Earle Dickson, stepped in. Dickson, a cotton buyer for Johnson & Johnson, according to the company's website, decided to invent a temporary adhesive bandage for his wife. His creation became the Band­Aid we all know and use today. 课时作业(一) 10 Magnetic (磁性的) Shirt Buttons Maura Horton's husband, Don, was a football coach who had Parkinson's disease. One day, after Don struggled to button his shirt before a game, Horton decided there needed to be a better clothing option for people suffering from a disability. So, Horton designed a shirt with magnetic buttons in 2012. These buttons will finally allow everyone to dress and undress themselves efficiently. 篇章导读：本文是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了四种发明，这四种发明都是源于发明人对伴侣的爱。 课时作业(一) 11 1．What's the function of the InSinkErator? A．It can clear sink pipes. B．It can recycle kitchen waste. C．It can extend the service life of kitchen sinks. D．It can remove food waste easily. 解析：细节理解题。根据Garbage Disposers部分中的“The disposal unit ... to pass through the plumbing.(该处理装置将食物垃圾撕成足够小的碎片，通常直径小于2毫米，以便通过管道。)”可知，InSinkErator能轻松清除食物垃圾。故选D。 课时作业(一) 12 2．What can we learn about William's surgical gloves? A．They made William known worldwide. B．They assisted in the treatment of skin diseases. C．They were invented with the aid of William's colleagues. D．They were originally intended for William's wife. 解析：细节理解题。根据Surgical Gloves部分中的“Knowing Caroline ... after their marriage.(得知护士Caroline (卡罗琳)在工作中患有皮肤病后，Halsted (霍尔斯特德)特意为她发明了这副手套，并在婚后作为礼物送给她。)”可知，手术手套最初是Halsted特意为他的妻子发明的。故选D。 课时作业(一) 13 3．Which of the following is the latest invention? A．Magnetic shirt buttons. B．Surgical gloves. C．The InSinkErator. D．Band­Aids. 解析：细节理解题。根据Magnetic (磁性的) Shirt Buttons部分中的“So, Horton designed a shirt with magnetic buttons in 2012.”可知，A项(磁性衬衫纽扣)的发明时间为2012年；根据Surgical Gloves部分中的“William Stewart Halsted, M．D. (1852－1922)”可知，B项(手术手套)的发明时间为1852～1922年之间；根据Garbage Disposers部分中的“created the InSinkErator in 1935”可知，C项(垃圾处理器)发明于1935年；根据Band­Aids部分中的“in the 1920s”可知，D项(邦迪创可贴)发明于20世纪20年代。由此可知，四种发明中，A项为最新发明。故选A。 课时作业(一) 14 B A new device works like a solar panel, except that it doesn't harvest energy from the sun. It captures energy from the cold night sky. A prototype (雏形) of the device produced enough electricity at night to power a small light bulb. A bigger version might one day light rooms or charge phones. It also could power the electronics in remote or low－resource areas that lack electricity. 课时作业(一) 15 The device makes use of the temperature difference between Earth and outer space. It then uses that difference to create electricity. As long as one side of it is cooler than the other, the generator (发电机) can produce electricity. The cooler side faces the sky and is attached to an aluminum plate. That plate is sealed beneath a transparent cover and surrounded with insulation (隔热材料) to keep out heat. The bottom of the generator is attached to an exposed aluminum plate. That plate is warmed by the local air. At night, the top plate can get a couple of degrees Celsius cooler than the bottom of the generator. 课时作业(一) 16 Researchers tested a 20­centimeter prototype in Stanford, California on a clear December night. The generator produced up to about 25 milliwatts of power per square meter of a device. That was enough power to light a small light－emitting diode, or LED bulb. Further improvement might increase its production to at least 500 milliwatts per square meter. To do that, the system might need more insulation around the cool top plate. 课时作业(一) 17 The device also could help power remote weather stations or other environmental devices, says Aswath Raman. He is a materials scientist who worked on the device at the University of California, Los Angeles. “This may be useful in polar regions that don't see sunlight for months at a time，” Raman says. “If you have some low power loads and you need to power them through three months of darkness, this might be a way.” 篇章导读：本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了一种最新的设备，它可以从寒冷的夜空中收集能量，然后利用地表和远处空间的温差来产生电能。 课时作业(一) 18 4．What do we know about the new device? A．It gains energy from the sun. B．It's been widely used in life. C．It is cooler than a solar panel. D．It might be popular in special areas. 解析：细节理解题。根据第二段中的“It also could power the electronics in remote or low－resource areas that lack electricity.(它还可以为偏远或资源匮乏、缺乏电力的地区的电子设备供电。)”可知，这种新设备可能在一些特殊地区受欢迎。故选D。 课时作业(一) 19 5．What does the author mainly talk about in Paragraph 3? A．Application fields of the device. B．Significant effects of the device. C．The working principle of the device. D．The developing process of the device. 解析：段落大意题。根据第三段内容，结合前两句“The device makes use of ... to create electricity.(该装置利用了地球和外太空之间的温差。然后利用这种差异来发电。)”可知，第三段主要讲了该设备的工作原理。故选C。 课时作业(一) 20 6．How can the device produce more electricity? A．By putting more insulation around the cool top plate. B．By covering the top plate with a transparent lid. C．By using it on extremely cold and clear nights. D．By attaching the bottom plate to a warm plate. 解析：细节理解题。根据第四段中的“Further improvement might increase ... the cool top plate.(进一步的改进可能会使其产量至少增加到每平方米500毫瓦。要做到这一点，系统可能需要在冷却的顶板周围增加隔热层。)”可知，在冷却的顶板周围放置更多的隔热材料可以使该设备产生更多的电。故选A。 课时作业(一) 21 7．What can be the best title for the text? A．A device using the cold night sky to produce electricity B．A device bringing new hope to people on the cold night C．The difference between a solar panel and a new device D．The temperature difference between Earth and outer space 解析：标题判断题。通读全文，尤其根据第一段“A new device ... the cold night sky.(一种新设备的工作原理类似于太阳能电池板，只是它不从太阳获取能量。它从寒冷的夜空中获取能量。)”可知，文章主要介绍了一种新型设备，及该设备的工作原理。A项(一种利用寒冷夜空发电的设备)最适合作为文章标题。故选A。 课时作业(一) 22 Ⅴ　语法填空 The beginning of the new term at Tianjin Foreign Languages School featured a special and meaningful activity—tending the field. The purpose of the activity is to give students who are usually from big cities a chance __1__ (experience) farm life and improve their skills. After a long period of online learning, __2__ (excite) seized students when they were reunited (重聚) at the school trip field. __3__ (guide) by professional teachers, students took part in the activities which included three parts. First, every eight students prepared their farming tools as a group, __4__ played a critical role in developing their ability to cooperate with each other. 课时作业(一) 23 Second, following a process including lining, turning, stepping and leveling the land, students managed to create an excellent environment for the __5__ (grow) of vegetables. Although there were some __6__ (difficulty) like the hard soil and heavy tools, these could be seen __7__ opportunities to build up both our bodies and willpower. At last, students mastered the skill of planting vegetables. It could be tiring, __8__ students enjoyed the simple joy of farming. More amazingly, more influences were seen when it comes to students' daily life. Similar activities __9__ (hold) since the term, ranging from experiencing factory work to camping with classmates. To take a break from the fierce (激烈的) competition in school, why don't we give these outlets of stress __10__ try？ 课时作业(一) 24 1．________　2．________　3．________　4．________　5．________　 6．________　7．________　8．________　9．________　10．________ 篇章导读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了天津外国语学校新学期的开学活动是一项特殊而有意义的活动——照料田地。 课时作业(一) 25 1．答案： to experience 解析：考查非谓语动词。give sb a chance to do sth为固定搭配，意为“给某人一个做某事的机会”，名词chance后用不定式作定语。故填to experience。 2．答案： excitement 解析：考查词性转换。设空处作句子的主语，应用excite的名词形式excitement，为不可数名词。故填excitement。 课时作业(一) 26 3．答案： Guided 解析：考查非谓语动词。句中took为谓语动词，设空处应用非谓语，guide与主语students为被动关系，应用过去分词作状语，句首单词首字母应大写。故填Guided。 4．答案： which 解析：考查定语从句的引导词。设空处引导非限制性定语从句，解释说明整个主句，应用关系代词which引导。故填which。 课时作业(一) 27 5．答案： growth 解析：考查词性转换。此处应用名词growth作宾语，为不可数名词，the growth of意为“……的生长”。故填growth。 6．答案： difficulties 解析：考查名词。由谓语动词were可知，此处应用名词difficulty的复数difficulties作主语。故填difficulties。 课时作业(一) 28 7．答案： as 解析：考查介词。be seen as为固定搭配，意为“被看作”。故填as。 8．答案： but 解析：考查连词。句中be tiring与enjoyed the simple joy构成句意上的转折关系，应用表示转折含义的连词连接两个并列分句。故填but。 课时作业(一) 29 9．答案： have been held 解析：考查动词的时态、语态和主谓一致。设空处在句中作谓语，由since可知，应用现在完成时，且主语activities 和动词hold是被动关系，应用现在完成时的被动语态，主语是复数，助动词应用have。故填have been held。 10．答案： a 解析：考查冠词。give ... a try为固定搭配，意为“尝试……”。故填a。 课时作业(一) 30 R $$