内容正文:
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Unit 10 Exploring the Topic (探索板块)
主题内容
学习目标
主题范畴:
人与社会→良好的人际关系与人际交往;和谐社区生活;志愿服务与公共服务
主题内容:
围绕话题Lending a Helping Hand展开,Thinking Skills部分为思维技能学习,学习通过情节分析了解情节发展,理解故事的推进方式。Reading Strategies部分为阅读策略学习,学习通过标题和图片预测文本主旨大意。Theme Reading部分为主题阅读活动,帮助学生运用本单元所学的“情节分析”的思维技能和“预览标题和图片进行预测”的阅读策略开展主题阅读。Grammar in Use部分为语法学习与使用,包括形容词性物主代词、名词性物主代词的用法和一般过去时的形式、意义和用法两个部分。
语言知识&技能:
(1)运用情节分析思维技能,绘制情节图,了解故事如何发展;
(2)运用通过标题和图片预测文本主旨大意的阅读策略,快速获取文章的主要内容;
(3) 用预览标题和图片预测文本内容的阅读策略获取语篇的主旨大意;
(4)初步具有运用形容词性物主代词、名词性物主代词和一般过去时的意识和能力。
2. 文化意识&思维品质:
(1)谈论社区成员间相互支持与合作的重要性,感悟邻里互助的意义;
(2)在新语境中运用所学语法知识,描述社区活动。
3. 学习策略:
(1)根据情节图组织语言,分享个人暑期见闻;
(2)对比、归纳形容词性物主代词和名词性物主代词在形式、意义和使用上的区别;
(3) 在语境中理解两种物主代词和一般过去时的形式、意义和用法。
➽自主预习
请预习下列重点单词、短语和句型,并完成下面的表格。
词性
中文
英文
重点
单词
名词
1. 主人;东道主
2. 镇;集镇
3. 小孩;年轻人
4. 卧室
5. 院子
6. 标题;题目
动词
1. 采,摘;挑选
2. 主动提供,主动给予(某事物)
3. 切,割;(用刀等将某物)切成,割成;削减,缩减
形容词
1. 重要的
2. 拥挤的
缩略词
医生;博士
代词
1. 她的
2. 我们的
3. 他们的,她们的,它们的
副词
以前
兼词
1. adj. / pron.自己的,本人的
v. 拥有,有;承担;负责
2. v. / n.闲聊;聊天
3. pron. 我的 n.矿;矿井
4. pron./ det. 两个,两个都
重点
短语
中文
英文
中文
英文
1. (开车)接人;捡起
2. 在暑假期间
3. 从...(那里)受到热烈的欢迎
4. 寄宿家庭
5. 一项有意义的活动
6. 打扫街道
7. 搬家到;移动到
8. 向某人提供某物
9. 把...拿到..
10. 给某人展示某物
11. 举办一场欢迎派对
12. 在社区中心
13. 一个爱和关怀的港湾
14. 把...带去...
15. 以某人自己的方式
16. 从...搬家/移动到...
17. 筹钱
18. 在那个时候
19. 做志愿者工作
20. 做某事有乐趣
21. 多年前
22. 从事......工作
23. 赵先生一家
24. 对...感到陌生
25. 赵先生一家
26. 与......交谈
27. 搬进
28. 去派对
29. 对...小心(谨慎)
30. (躺,睡)在床上
31. 帮助某人摆脱(困境)
32. 修剪;删除;裁剪
重点
句型
中文
英文
1. 他给赵杰打电话,赵杰过了会儿就去接了他。
2. 他在一个阳光明媚的日子到了,并受到了他的美国寄宿家庭的热烈欢迎。
3. 很多年前,我住的社区又旧又拥挤。
4. 昨天下午,我们社区当志愿者。
5. 赵先生一家来自一个小乡镇。
6. 他们上周才搬到我住的社区。
7. 他们对一切事物都感到陌生,但社区的每一个人都主动给他们提供帮助。
8. 赵先生一家到了,王先生帮他们把箱子搬到家里。
9. 王太太给他们带来一些菜。
10. 她给赵太太指了去学校的路。
11. 上周日,我们在社区服务中心为赵先生一家举办了一场欢迎派对。
12. 很多人来和他们聊天。
13. 这个社区是一个爱和关怀的港湾。
14. 高小姐带着赵家的孩子们去学校。
15. 很多邻居用他们自己的方式给赵先生一家提供帮助。
16. 赵先生一家从一个小镇搬到一个新的社区。
17. 赵先生一家和很多人聊天,并在这里感受到了爱和关怀。
18. 这是我的卧室。这间卧室是我的。
19. 康康,你的风筝飞得高。
20. 这个男人正在遛狗。这只狗是他的。
21. 这个女孩正在骑自行车。红色的自行车是她的。
22. 这是我们的房子。这个房子是我们的。
23. 孩子们正在院子里玩。这个院子是他们的。
24. 她也是我的好朋友之一。
25. 我们俩都喜欢骑自行车去学校。
26. 我们对操场的草和花都很小心。
27. 我们为野生动物筹了一些钱。
28. —他们刚才在家吗?
—是的,他们在。/不,他们不在。
29. —那个时候你躺在床上吗?
—是的,我在。/不,我不在。
30. —你在社区中心帮忙了吗?
—是的,我在。/不,我不在。
31. 我们浇水,把坏的植物剪掉,然后等待。
32. 我们在一起工作很开心。
小试牛刀:根据语境及提示完成句子。
1. Please help me p__________ some fresh flowers for the dinner table. (pick)
2. The subway was so __________ during rush hour that we could hardly move. (拥挤的)
3. She kindly __________ to drive me home when it started raining. (offer)
4. Be careful not to __________ your finger while using the scissors. (割)
5. The blue backpack isn’t yours—it’s __________. I bought it last week. (我的)
➽问题探究
知识点1 He called Zhao Jie, and Zhao Jie picked him up later. 他给赵杰打电话,赵杰过了会儿就去接了他。(教材P60)
1)pick v.“采,摘”。pick sth.“采摘某物”。
E.g. Zhao Jie picked some apples on the farm. 赵杰在农场摘了一些苹果。
拓展: pick作动词时还可意为“挑选”。
E.g. Pick a number from one to ten. 请从1到10中选一个数字。
2)pick up “(开车)接人”。
E.g. My dad picked me up at the airport. 我爸爸在机场接我。
拓展: pick up的其他意思
pick up 捡起;拿起;接电话;收拾;整理
注意:pick the flowers “摘花”
pick up the flowers “(从地上)捡起花”
【练习】
1.You should pick up your bags after the plane landing.
A.take B.kick C.pack D.make
2.—Your son doesn’t look __________. He is so pale. You should take him to the hospital.
—Thank you. I will __________ after school today.
A.good, pick him up B.good, pick up him
C.well, pick up him D.well, pick him up
知识点2 He arrived on a sunny day and got a warm welcome from his American host family. 他在一个阳光明媚的日子到了,然后受到他的美国寄宿家庭的热烈欢迎。(教材P60)
welcome n.“欢迎”。get a warm welcome from... 意为“受到......的热烈欢迎”。
E.g. We got a warm welcome from students when we volunteered to help them.
当我们自愿去帮助学生们时,我们受到了他们的热烈欢迎。
拓展: give sb. a warm welcome 意为“给予某人热烈的欢迎”。
E.g. Li Jing gave me a warm welcome when I visited her. 当我拜访李静的时候,她热烈地欢迎了我。
链接:welcome的其他用法
感叹词
意为“欢迎”,welcome to + 地点 “欢迎来到......”。若后跟home, hear, there时,to则需省略。
形容词
意为“收欢迎的”。
动词
意为“(打招呼)欢迎(某人的到来)”。welcome sb. to... “欢迎来到.....。若后跟home, here, there时,to则需省略。
E.g. Welcome to Beijing.(作感叹词)欢迎来到北京。
Mr. Li is welcome in our school. (作形容词)李老师在我们学校受欢迎。
It is a pleasure to welcome you to our home.(作动词)很高兴欢迎您来到我家。
【练习】
Chinese, restaurant, welcome, to, this
.
知识点3 Years ago, my community was very old and crowded. 很多年前,我住的社区又旧又拥挤。
(教材P61)
1)ago adv.“以前”。常用于“一段时间+ago”结构中,不可单独使用,是一般过去时的标志性时间状语。
E.g. an hour ago 一个小时前 one week ago 一周前 three months ago 三个月前 two years ago两年前
I was in Guangzhou 5 years ago. 五年前我在广州。
2)crowded adj.“拥挤的”
E.g. It is always crowded at peak times. 在高峰期总是很拥挤。
拓展: be crowded with... 意为“挤满......”
E.g. The Great Wall is crowded with people every summer. 每年夏天长城都挤满了人。
拓展:crowd n.人群 a crowd of 一群..... / v. 挤满,塞满
E.g. There is a big crowd on the road.(作名词)马路上有一大群人。
Thousands of people crowded the narrow streets.(作动词)成千上万的人把狭窄的街道挤得水泄不通。
【练习】
1.We found her _________.
A.today a year ago B.a year today ago C.a year ago today
2.Three years ago, she ________ believe that happiness was just simple and easy.
A.doesn’t B.wasn’t C.didn’t D.isn’t
知识点4 A Meaningful Activity 一项意义深远的活动(教材P61)
meaningful adj.“重要的;有意义的”。其反义词为meaningless,意为“毫无意义的”
E.g. It is meaningful for us to do voluntary work. 对我们来说,做志愿者工作是有意义的。
辨析:mean,meaning,meaningful 和meaningless
单词
词性
意思
mean
动词
意味着,意思是
meaning
名词
意思;意义
meaningful
形容词
重要的;有意义的
meaningless
形容词
毫无意义的
E.g. It means that you can go into the room. 它意味着你可以进入这个房间。
What's the meaning of this sentence? 这句话的意思是什么?
The activity is meaningful to us. 这个活动对我们来说是有意义的。
Crying is meaningless. 哭是毫无意义的。
归纳:由后缀-ful/-less构成的常用词
名词
形容词
care 小心
careful 小心;谨慎
careless粗心的
help帮助
helpful 有帮助的
helpless 无助的
hope 希望
hopeful 满怀希望的
hopeless 无望的
use 使用
useful 有用的
useless 无用的
【练习】
The activity is _______. And we send _______ to the children in poor areas.
A.enough meaningful, enough food B.enough meaningful, food enough
C.meaningful enough, enough food D.meaningful enough, food enough
知识点5 Yesterday afternoon, we worked as volunteers in the community. 昨天下午,我们在社区当志愿者。(教材P61)
work as 意为“从事.......工作”,as后面接职业名词。work在此处作动词,意为“工作”。
E.g. Kangkang works as an English teacher. 康康是一名英语老师。
She works as a volunteer in a hospital. 她在医院当一名志愿者。
归纳: work的相关短语
work for 为....工作 work on 从事于;努力改善或完成 work out 计算出;解决某事
E.g. She worked for a food company last year. 她去年为一家食品公司工作。
You need to work on your pronunciation a bit more. 你需要再加把劲改进发音。
Dudu worked the math problem out and he felt so happy. 嘟嘟算出了这道数学题,他感到很高兴。
【练习】
1.—What’s your mother’s job?
—My mother works as a teacher and I am so proud of her.
A.works for B.is C.wants to be
2.Here is _________ for you _________ a waiter.
A.works; for B.a work; as C.job; of D.a job; as
知识点6 The Zhao family are from a small town. 赵先生一家来自一个小乡镇。(教材P62)
the Zhao family 意为“赵先生一家”,也可用the Zhaos来表达。
注意:“the+姓氏的复数”表示一家人,在句中作主语时谓语动词用复数。
E.g. The Liu family are going to have supper together at night. 刘先生一家今晚要一起吃晚饭。
The Wangs are going to have a picnic this weekend. 王先生一家这周要去野餐。
The Greens are ready to go camping tomorrow. 格林先生一家准备明天去露营。
知识点7 They just moved to my community last week. 他们上周才搬到我住的社区。(教材P62)
move v.“搬家;搬迁”。move to+地点名词,意为“搬往.......”。
E.g. The Whites will move to the UK next week. 怀特先生一家下周将搬去英国。
链接: move作动词时还可意为“移动;(使)改变位置”。
E.g. Don't move! Be careful with the dog. 别动!小心狗。
拓展:moving adj.“感人的”,常用于修饰事或物。
moved adj.“感动的”,常用于修饰人。
E.g. This film is very moving. 这部电影非常感人。
I was moved by this film. 我被这部电影感动了。
【练习】
1.I think it is one of the most ________ movies I have ever seen. It ________ me deeply.
A.move; moving B.moving; moved C.moved; moved D.moving; moving
2.—When ________ you ________ Beijing?
—In 1998.
A.do; move to B.did; move to C.did; moved to
知识点8 Everything was new to them, but everyone in the community offered help to them. 他们对一切事物都感到陌生,但社区的每一个人都主动给他们提供帮助。(教材P62)
1)be new to... 意为“对......感到陌生”。
E.g. The school was new to him when he first arrived at the school. 他刚到学校的时候对学校感到陌生。
2)offer v.“主动提供,主动给予(某事物)”。offer sb. sth.= offer sth.to sb.“为某人提供某物”。
E.g. They usually offer food to the old. = They usually offer the old food. 他们通常主动给老人提供食物。
拓展: offer的相关短语
offer to do sth. 主动提出做某事 offer sth. 主动提供某物
E.g. We offered free medical services in this community this mnorning.
今天上午,我们在这个小区提供免费的医疗服务
链接:provide 也意为“提供......”,但是其短语结构与offer不同:
provide sb.with sth. = provide sth. for sb. “为某人提供某物”。
E.g. We provided the guests with hot water and bread at noon.
= We provided hot water and bread for the guests at noon. 我们中午为客人提供了热水和面包。
【练习】
1.I wanted a cup of coffee but they offered me a cup of milk tea.
A.gave B.repaired C.planned D.asked
2.The Earth provides us _________ air, water and food. It is our home.
A.to B.for C.with D.by
知识点9 Many people came and chatted with them. 很多人和他们聊天。 (教材P62)
chat v.“闲聊;聊天”。chat with sb.“和某人聊天”。
类似意思的短语有 talk with sb./talk to sb. 意为“与某人聊天”。
E.g. I like to chat with my neighbors when l am free. 当我有空的时候,我喜欢和邻居们聊天。
拓展: chat还可作可数名词,意为“闲聊;闲谈;聊天”,指熟人之间非常随便地交谈,强调谈话的非正式性。
E.g. He always enjoyed a chat about the old days. 他总是喜欢聊过去的日子。
I had a long chat with her. 我和她闲聊了很久。
【练习】
1.They had a good time ________ each other ________ a cup of coffee!
A.to chat with, over B.chatting with, over C.to chat with, during D.chatting with, during
2.—What do you often do ________ classes?
—We often ________ each other.
A.between; chat with B.among; chat with C.in; chat to D.in; chat
知识点10 Many neighbors offered help to the Zhao family in their own way. 很多邻居用他们自己的方式给赵先生一家提供帮助。(教材P63)
1) own adj./pron.“自己的,本人的”;常用在形容词性物主代词或名词所有格之后,强调个人所有,表示“某人自己的”。
E.g. I have my own car. 我有自己的小汽车。
拓展: ① own还可作动词,意为“拥有,有(尤指买来的东西)”,不用于进行时。
E.g. Do you own the house or rent it? 这个房子是你自己的,还是租的?
② owner是own的名词形式,意为“主人”。
E.g. She is the owner of this house. 她是这座房子的主人。
This is his own watch.(形容词,自己的)
= He owns the watch.(动词,拥有)
= He is the owner of the watch.(名词,主人)
2)in one’s own way 意为“用某人自己的方式”。
E.g. I can solve the problem in my own way. 我能用我自己的方式解决这个问题
归纳: own的相关短语
of one’s own 某人自己的 on one’s own 独自地
E.g. I have a room of my own. 我有自己的房间。
She can finish the work on her own. 她可以独自完成工作。
【练习】
1. The girl who is singing all the day seems to live in a happy world _________.
A.by her own B.of her own C.with her own D.on her own
2.After working hard for one year, the young girl ________ a new car. That is ________ new car.
A.owns; her own’s B.owns; her own C.own; her owns D.own; her own
知识点11 This is my bedroom. The bedroom is mine. 这是我的卧室。这间卧室是我的。(教材P63)
1)my为形容词性物主代词,意为“我的”。在句子中只能作定语,后接名词,表示所属关系。
E.g. This is my teacher, Mr.Li. 这是我的老师,李老师。
2)mine为名词性物主代词,相当于“形容词性物主代词+名词”,起到名词的作用;可以独立充当句子成分,在句中可作主语、宾语或表语。
E.g. This is his book. Where is mine? 这是他的书。我的书在哪里呢?
Her schoolbag is blue, and mine is yellow. 她的书包是蓝色的,我的(书包)是黄色的。
【练习】
1. —Whose bike is this? Is it ________?
—No, it’s not ________. Maybe it’s Lily’s.
A.your; mine B.yours; my C.your; my D.yours; mine
2.— There are some crayons on the teacher’s desk. Are these ________?
— No, they aren’t. Mine are in my desk.
A.mine B.hers C.yours D.his
知识点12 She is also a good friend of mine. 她也是我的好朋友之一。(教材P64)
a good friend of mine 意为“我的好朋友之一”,这是英语中双重所有格的一种用法。
E.g. This is a book of mine. 这是我的书之一。
注意:分清楚以下两种表达形式的区别:
a picture of Kangkang 康康的照片(照片中的人是康康)
a picture of Kangkang’s 康康的照片之一(照片属于康康,这是他若干照片中的其中之一)
知识点13 We both like riding bikes to school. 我们俩都喜欢骑自行车去学校。(教材P64)
both 代词/限定词,意为“两个,两个都”,可与复数名词或代词连用,强调两者之间。
both一般放在实义动词之前,be动词、助动词、情态动词之后。
E.g. They both like to sing songs.(实义动词之前)他们两个都喜欢唱歌。
Her parents are both teachers. (be 动词之后)她的父母都是老师。
注意: both作代词时,如果在句中作主语,谓语动词用复数形式。
E.g. There are two boys in the library. Both are reading. 图书馆里有两个男孩。两个都正在看书。
拓展: ① both...and... 意为“两者都;既......又......”;在句中作主语时,谓语动词要用复数形式。
E.g. She likes both Chinese and science. 她既喜欢语文也喜欢科学。
Both Sally and Xiao Ya love music. 莎莉和肖雅都喜欢音乐。
②"both of+复数人称代词的宾格或者复数名词”,意为“两者都......”;在句中作主语时,谓语动词用复数形式。
e.g. Both of them are students. 他们两个都是学生。
辨析: both和all
单词
意思
用法
both
两个,两个都;表示“两者都”
修饰或指代可数名词复数作主语时,谓语动词用复数形式。
all
所有,全部;表示“三者或者三者以上都”
修饰或指代可数名词复数作主语时,谓语动词通常用复数形式。
修饰或指代不可数名词作主语时,谓语动词通常用单数形式。
E.g. We are both happy. 我们都开心。
All of the books are new. 所有的书都是新的。
All the food is ready. 所有的食物都准备好了。
【练习】
1. Both Lily and Lucy ________ my best friends.
A.is B.are C.was D.were
2. Simon and Daniel ________ drawing. They ________ good at singing too.
A.both love; both are B.love both; are both
C.both love; are both D.love both; both are
知识点14 We were very careful with the grass and flowers on the playground. 我们对操场的草和花都很小心。
(教材P64)
be careful with sb./sth. “对某人/某物小心(谨慎)”。
E.g. We should be careful wvith the glass in the lab. 我们应该小心实验室的玻璃。
拓展:be careful “小心,当心”,单独使用时,常用来提醒别人,以引起注意。
be careful about (doing) sth. “注意/小心(做)某事”
be careful (not) to do sth. “小心(不要)做某事”
E.g. Be careful! The road is slippery. 小心!路很滑。
As a student, you have to be careful about doing your homework. 作为一名学生,你必须小心做作业。
We are also very careful not to waste money. 我们也非常小心,不浪费钱。
【练习】
Fire is very dangerous. You can’t be ______ careful with it!
A.very B.quite C.so D.too
知识点15 —Were you in bed at that time? 那个时候你躺在床上吗?—Yes,I was./ No, I wasn't. 是的,我在。/不,我不在。(教材65)
1) 一般过去时表示在过去某个时间发生的动作或存在的状态,常和表示过去的时间状语连用,如yesterday、(时间段)+ago、just now、last night、last week等。此句主要涉及含be动词的过去式。
be动词的过去式为was/were。具体变化形式如下:
原形
am
is
are
过去式
was
was
were
E.g. She was in a hospital yesterday. 昨天她在医院。
They were at home last night. 他们昨晚在家。
2)in bed意为“(躺,睡)在床上”,侧重指在床上时是盖着被子的。
E.g. She doesn't feel well today. So she is in bed. 她今天不舒服,所以她在卧床休息。
拓展: on the bed意为“(躺,睡)在床上”,侧重指在床上时没有盖着被子。
E.g. She lay on the bed. 她躺在床上。
【练习】
1.—Did you and your friend hear what the guide said in the park?
—________. We were busy talking with each other at that time.
A.Yes, we were B.No, we weren’t C.Yes, we did D.No, we didn’t
2.It’s Sunday, I can spend 30 ________ minutes ________.
A.another; in bed B.more; in bed C.another; in the bed D.more; in beds
知识点16 —Did you help out at the community center? 你在社区中心帮忙了吗?—Yes, I did./ No, I didn't.
是的,我在。/不,我不在。(教材P65)
help(sb.)out意为“帮助(某人)摆脱困境”。
E.g. We helped Tom out when he was in trouble. 当汤姆处于困难时,我们帮助了他。
拓展: help(sb.)out with... 意为“在.......方面帮助(某人)摆脱困境”。
E.g. He helped the old man out with his task. 他帮助这个老人完成了任务。
归纳: ① help作动词时的常用短语有
help sb. (to) do sth. 帮助某人做某事 help sb. with sth. 帮助某人做某事
E.g. She helped the elders (to) repair computers. 她帮助老人修电脑。
Lucy helps me with my English. 露西帮助我学英语。
② help作名词时的常用短语有
with the help of 在.......帮助下 with one's help 在某人的帮助下 ask sb. for help 向某人寻求帮助
E.g. With the help of you, I learned to use the computer.
= With your help, I learned to use the computer. 在你的帮助下,我学习了使用电脑。
We can ask our teachers for help at school. 在学校,我们可以向老师寻求帮助。
【练习】
1.—Do you often need help _________ your Maths homework?
—No, sometimes I can do it by myself.
A.with B.to C.from D.for
2.—What do you think of the rules in your school?
—I think they are very strict but they can help us ________ good habits.
A.developing B.developed C.develop D.develops
知识点17 We watered,cut out the bad plants,and then we waited. 我们浇水,把坏的植物剪掉,然后等待。(教材P65)
1)cut v.“修剪;切,割”。其过去式是cut。
E.g. His task is to cut the lawn. 他的任务是修剪草坪。
I cut a piece of birthday cake for everyone. 我给每个人都切了一块生日蛋糕。
2)cut out“剪下,切去;删除,删去”。是“动词+副词”结构的短语,其用法如下:
cut + 名词 + out = cut out + 名词 cut + 代词 + out
E.g. I cut this article out of the newspaper. 我从报纸上剪下了这篇文章。
I want to cut out that word. 我想删掉那个单词。
Please cut them out. 请把它们删去。
Please cut out them.(x)
拓展: cut out还可意为“裁剪”
E.g. She cut the dress out of some cloth. 她用一些布料裁剪出了那件连衣裙。
归纳: cut的相关短语
cut down 砍倒 cut up 切碎 cut in 插嘴,打断
E.g. Don't cut down the trees in the forest. 不要砍倒森林里的树。
Let's cut up the chicken and make some soup. 让我们把鸡肉切碎来煮汤。
“Forget it!” she cut in. “忘了吧!”她插嘴道。
【练习】
Don’t ______ the trees. They are animals’ home.
A.cut down B.cut in C.cut up D.cut out
知识点18 We had fun working together. 我们在一起工作很开心。(教材P65)
have fun doing sth. “做某事有乐趣”,其中fun是不可数名词意为“开心;乐趣;好玩的事”。
E.g. The Wangs had fun playing games together. 王先生一家一起玩游戏玩得很开心。
链接: have fun意为“玩得愉快;玩得开心”,have fun 可与have a good time、enjoy oneself 互换。
E.g. We had fun at work. = We had a good time at work. = We enjoyed ourselves at work.
我们在工作中获得了乐趣。
【练习】
1. We have fun _________ with each other.
A.to talk B.talk C.talking D.to talking
2. The children have fun in the park every Saturday. (改为同义句)
The children in the park every Saturday.
单元语法
一、物主代词(Possessive pronouns)
名词性物主代词
人称代词的所有格形式叫作物主代词。物主代词有两种形式:形容词性物主代词和名词性物主代词。本单元主要学习的是名词性物主代词。
1)名词性物主代词的概念
名词性物主代词起名词的作用,用来指代上下文中提到过的物品。其与人称代词一样,也分第一人称、第二人称、第三人称,也有单数形式和复数形式。
2)名词性物主代词的形式
人称
单数
复数
第一人称
mine(我的)
ours(我们的)
第二人称
yours(你的)
yours(你们的)
第三人称
his(他的)
theirs
(他们的/她们的/它们的)
hers(她的)
its(它的)
注意:① 从形式上看,除了mine之外,名词性物主代词都以s结尾。
② 名词性物主代词第二人称的单复数形式是一样的,都是yours。
链接: 对比记忆形容词性物主代词和名词性物主代词
人称
形容词性物主代词
名词性物主代词
第一人称
单数
my
mine
复数
our
ours
第二人称
单数
your
yours
复数
your
yours
第二人称
单数
his
his
复数
their
theirs
单数
her
hers
复数
their
theirs
单数
its
its
复数
their
theirs
注意: his和its既可以是形容词性物主代词代词,也可以是名词性物主代词。
E.g. This is his book.(形容词性物主代词)这是他的书。
This book is his.(名词性物主代词)这本书是他的
3)名词性物主代词的用法
名词性物主代词相当于“形容词性物主代词+名词”,具有名词的特性,可在句中单独使用,在句中可以作主语、宾语或表语。
E.g. My dress is blue and hers is pink.(作主语)我的裙子是蓝色的,她的是粉色的。
If you don't have a bike, you can ride mine.(作宾语)如果你没有自行车,你可以骑我的。
This is my book,and that is his.(作表语)这是我的书,那本书是他的。
注意: ①名词性物主代词在句中作主语时,谓语动词应随所指对象而定。
E.g. This is your bread. Mine is in the fridge. 这是你的面包,我的在冰箱里。
—Are these your books? 这是你的书吗?
—No, mine are at home. 不是,我的书在家里。
②名词性物主代词可用在介词of后面,与介词of共同作定语,相当于“of+名词所有格”,表示带有部分概念或有一定的感情色彩。
E.g. This is a pen of hers. 这是她的一支钢笔。
【练习】 用括号内所给词的适当形式填空。
1. This is not ______ book. ______ is on the desk. (我的)
2. Her bag is heavy, but ______ is light. (我的)
3. —Is this ______ pencil? (你的)
—No, it’s not ______. (我的)
4. They took ______ umbrellas, but we forgot ______. (他们的;我们的)
5. This is a friend of ______. He often helps ______ with English. (她的;我)
二、一般过去时 (The simple past tense II )
1)概念 表示在过去某个时间发生的动作或存在的状态,常和表示过去的时间状语连用,如yesterday、(时间段)+ago、just now、last night、last week等。一般过去时习惯上分为两种:①实义动词构成的
一般过去时;② be 动词构成的一般过去时。本单元重点学习be 动词构成的一般过去时。
2)含be动词的一般过去式
(1)be动词(am/is/are)的过去式:
原形
过去式
am
was
is
are
were
(2)含有be动词的一般过去时的句式结构
句式
结构
肯定句
主语+wasn/weren+其他.
否定句
主语+wasn’t/weren’t+其他.
一般疑问句及答语
—Was/Were + 主语+其他?
—Yes,主语 +was/were.
—No, 主语 + wasn't/weren't.
特殊疑问句
特殊疑问词+was/were (+ 主语)+其他?
注意:was not = wasn't; were not = weren't
E.g. She was born in Henan. 她出生在河南。
The dogs were in front of the house. 房子前有狗。
She wasn't born in Henan. 她没有出生在河南。
The dogs weren't in front of the house. 房子前没有狗。
—Was she born in Henan? 她出生在河南吗?
—Yes,she was./No,she wasn't. 是的,她是。/不,她不是
—Were the dogs in front of the house? 狗在房子前吗?
—Yes,they were./No,they weren't. 是的,它们在。/不,它们不在。
Where was she born? 她出生在哪里?
Who was born in Henan? 谁出生在河南?
3)there be句型的一般过去时
(1)there be 句型表示“有.......”。描述过去的情况,用一般过去时,即there was 或there were。
(2)there be 句型的一般过去时的句式结构:
句式
结构
肯定句
There was/were+主语(+其他).
否定句
There wasn't/weren't+主语(+其他).
一般疑问句
—Was/Were there+主语(+其他)?
—Yes, there was/were.
—No, there wasn't/weren't.
E.g. There was a bank near here. 有一家银行在附近。
There were some apples on the tree. 树上有一些苹果。
There wasn't a bank near here. 在附近没有一家银行。
There weren't any apples on the tree. 树上没有苹果。
—Was there a bank near here? 附近有一家银行吗?
—Yes, there was./No, there wasn't. 是的,有。/不,没有。
—Were there any apples on the tree? 树上有苹果吗?
—Yes, there were./No, there weren't. 是的,有。/不,没有
4)含be动词的一般过去时和含实义动词的一般过去时的比较
含be动词的一般过去时
含实义动词的一般过去时
动词
was/were
helped/used/planned/worried
肯定句
主语+was/were+其他.
主语+动词的过去式+其他.
否定句
主语+wasn’t/weren’t+其他.
主语+didn’t+动词形+其他.
一般疑问句
—Was/Were+主语+其他?
—Yes, 主语+was/were.
—No,主语+wasn't/weren't.
—Did +主语+动词原形+其他?
—Yes, 主语+did.
—No, 主语+didn’t.
特殊疑问句
特殊疑问词+was/were (+主语)+其他?
特殊疑问词+did+主语+动词原形+其他?
E.g. It was a great weekend. 这是个很棒的周末。
It wasn't a great weekend. 这不是个很棒的周末。
—Was it a great weekend? 这是个很棒的周末吗?
—Yes, it was./No, it wasn't. 是的,它是。/不,它不是。
How was the weekend? 这个周末怎么样?
He helped me yesterday. 昨天他帮助了我。
He didn't help me yesterday. 昨天他没有帮助我
—Did he help you yesterday? 昨天他帮助你了吗?
—Yes, he did./No, he didn't. 是的,他帮了。/不,他没帮。
What did he do yesterday? 昨天他做了什么
5)一般过去时和一般现在时的比较
一般过去时
一般现在时
含义
表示过去某个时间发生的动作或存在的状态;也可表示过去经常或反复发生的动作。
表示现阶段经常发生的动作或存在的状态;表示习惯动作或现在的状态;表示永恒的真理。
时间标志词
Yesterday/last night/two years ago
/last month/yesterday morning/in 2010
today/often/usually/sometimes/always/
every weekend
陈
述
句
肯
定
句
主语+was/were+其他.
主语+am/is/are+其他.
主语+动词的过去式+其他.
主语+动词原形/动词第三人称单数+其他.
否
定
句
主语+wasn’t/weren’t+其他.
主语+am not/isn’t/aren’t+其他.
主语+didn’t+动词原形+其他.
主语+don’t/doesn’t+动词原形+其他.
一般疑问句
Was/Were+主语+其他?
Am/Is/Are +主语+其他?
Did+主语+动词原形+其他?
Do/Does+主语+动词原形+其他?
特殊疑问句
疑问词+was/were(+主语)+其他?
疑问词+am/is/are+主语+其他?
疑问词+did+主语+动词原形+其他?
疑问词+do/does+主语+动词原形+其他?
E.g. Kangkang was thin 5 years ago. 康康五年前很瘦。
Today the market is crowded. 今天菜市场很拥挤。
Kangkang cleaned up the park last week. 康康上周打扫了公园。
Kangkang often cleans up the park. 康康经常打扫公园
【题型精讲】 用be动词的适当形式填空。
1. There __________ (be) a big tree in front of our house last year.
2. —__________ you at home yesterday evening?
—No, I __________. I went to the cinema.
3. My parents __________ (be not) in China last month; they traveled to Japan.
4. —__________ there any students in the classroom just now?
—Yes, there __________.
5. She __________ (be) very happy because she got a high score on the test.
➽思维导图
➽基础过关
一、单词拼写
1. She __________ (pick) some fresh flowers from the garden yesterday.
2. Be careful with that knife, or you might __________ (cut) your finger.
3. The shopping mall was so __________ (crowded) during the holiday that we could hardly move.
4. He dreams of __________ (own) a big house by the sea one day.
5. We sat in the café and __________ (chat) for hours last weekend.
二、完成句子
1.I was worried yesterday. (一般疑问句)
you yesterday?
2.The first challenge was the variety of accents. (对划线部分提问)
the first challenge?
3.Jack put the magazines on the tables. (改为否定句)
Jack the magazines on the table.
4.It’s good to have a bedroom of my own.(改为同义句)
It’s good to have bedroom.
5.All the words came out very smoothly and fast. (对划线部分提问)
all the words come out?
3、 单项选择
( )1.—Does Sandy have ________ bedroom?
— Yes. She also has a big closet ________ to put clothes.
A.she own; of she own B.her own; of her own
C.she’s own; of she’s own D.own she; her own
( )2.Carl tried two ways to solve the difficult problem, but ________ of them failed.
A.both B.all C.none D.neither
( )3.There ________ a lot of people at the concert last night.
A.is B.are C.was D.were
( )4.My parents ________ me to the zoo last Saturday.
A.take B.takes C.took D.are taking
( )5.Sally and her friends ________ the game, but they played their best and learned a lot from it.
A.watched B.won C.didn’t watch D.didn’t win
( )6.Danny, ________ the flowers in the park.
A.don’t pick B.doesn’t pick C.don’t pick up D.doesn’t pick up
( )7.On Dragon Boat Festival, there are boat races and the riversides are ________ with people.
A.crowd B.crowded C.crowds D.a crowd
( )8.—When ________ to work as a doctor, Miss Hu?
—Three years ago.
A.do you begin B.will you begin
C.did you begin D.are you beginning
( )9.Mr. Wang offered ________ the Zhao family carry the heavy boxes.
A.help B.helping C.to help D.helped
( )10.—Is that ________ red pen?
—No, ________ is blue.
A.your, my book B.your, mine C.yours, mine
➽能力提升
1、 完形填空。先通读短文,掌握其大意,然后从 A、B、C、D四个选项中选出一个可以填入相应空白处的最佳答案。
Last summer holiday, I helped with a charity show to raise money for children in poor areas.
I felt 1 when I became the host (主持人) of the show. But I was also nervous because of the TV cameras. I knew that many people would watch the 2 because some famous stars would come to the show I had to introduce each of them. So I 3 a lot before the show. I had to 4 all the words and do everything right at the same time. At first, I thought I couldn’t do it well. I kept telling myself not to be 5 .
Slowly 6 became easy. The big day came very fast. Hundreds of people came to the show. They donated (捐赠) 7 and other helpful things. And the local businesses also gave us many donations. After the show, we sent the donations to those poor 8 . Soon they wrote back. They were 9 thankful to us. I was happy that we could grow happiness. I hope that more and more people will 10 them.
( )1.A.sad B.bored C.excited D.freezing
( )2.A.movie B.show C.experiment D.game
( )3.A.forgot B.smiled C.taught D.practiced
( )4.A.remember B.grow C.collect D.send
( )5.A.happy B.nervous C.quiet D.comfortable
( )6.A.nothing B.everything C.both D.none
( )7.A.sunlight B.scissors C.homework D.money
( )8.A.adults B.children C.engineers D.members
( )9.A.really B.nearly C.medically D.peacefully
( )10.A.become B.wave C.help D.attack
二、阅读理解
A
Hi, Jenny,
I like my new school. There are lots of clubs and activities in my school. My favourite club is the Community Volunteers Club. The club gives us a chance (机会) to help people in need.
This term we help out at a center for disabled (有残疾的) children. I help to organize (组织) some games, read stories to the children and help them with their study. Mrs Brown is the teacher of the club. She says that I am really good with the children. I think that is because I have two little sisters.
Next term we will visit some old people. Some of the old people are blind. They can’t see anything. They want us to read letters and books to them.
In the Community Volunteers Club, we help other people and have fun. Everyone in the club is very friendly and it’s a great place to make new friends.
See you soon.
Yours,
Judy
( )1.What does Judy do in the club?
A.Help people in need. B.Collect insects.
C.Play basketball. D.Play musical instruments.
( )2.Why is Judy good with the children?
A.Because she is very nice.
B.Because she likes children.
C.Because she has two little sisters.
D.Because she is good at singing.
( )3.What will Judy do in the Community Volunteers Club next term?
A.She will read stories to the disabled children.
B.She will play games with the disabled children.
C.She will visit some old people and read books to them.
D.She will help the young children with their English.
( )4.What does the underlined word “blind” mean in Paragraph 3?
A.聋哑的 B.失明的 C.肥胖的 D.富有的
( )5.What is the best title for the text?
A.My family B.My friend C.My school D.My favourite club
B
Yuanyuan is a 14-year-old girl from Hangzhou, Zhejiang. She is 1.55 metres tall and is about 60 kg. Yuanyuan’s mother worried about her, so she decided to help her by making her skip rope (跳绳) 1,000 times every day. “More exercise can also help her become thinner. I wanted her to be taller and thinner, so she could be healthier,” she said.
However, Yuanyuan’s mother didn’t see any results. Then when the summer holiday started, Yuanyuan’s mother asked her to do 1,000 jumps in the morning, 1,000 at noon and 1,000 in the evening. Three months later, Yuanyuan said her knees (膝盖) hurt. Her mother thought she was too lazy at first. However, when the doctor said her daughter had a meniscus injury (半月板损伤), she was worried.
Just like Yuanyuan, a 10-year-old boy got the same problem. His parents also worried about him, so they asked him to skip rope 2,000 to 3,000 times a day. In the end, the boy felt pain in his feet.
Doctors say that a child’s growth needs exercise, good sleep, healthy food and so on. Too much exercise is bad for their health.
( )6.What did Yuanyuan’s mother worry about in Paragraph 1?
A. Yuanyuan’s study. B.Yuanyuan’s friends.
C.Yuanyuan’s build. D.Yuanyuan’s sport.
( )7.What sport did Yuanyuan’s mother ask her to do?
A.To run. B.To do kung fu. C.To play soccer. D.To jump.
( )8.How was Yuanyuan during the summer holiday?
A.She was hurt. B.She was taller. C.She was thinner. D.She was healthier.
( )9.What does the underlined word “they” in Paragraph 3 refer to (指代)?
A. The boy and Yuanyuan. B.The boy’s parents.
C.The boy’s teachers. D.The boy’s friends.
( )10.What can we learn from the stories of Yuanyuan and the boy?
A.We should do lots of exercise to keep healthy.
B.We must eat well and have healthy food.
C.Too much exercise isn’t good for people.
D.Skipping rope 3,000 times every day is good.
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Unit 10 Exploring the Topic (探索板块)
主题内容
学习目标
主题范畴:
人与社会→良好的人际关系与人际交往;和谐社区生活;志愿服务与公共服务
主题内容:
围绕话题Lending a Helping Hand展开,Thinking Skills部分为思维技能学习,学习通过情节分析了解情节发展,理解故事的推进方式。Reading Strategies部分为阅读策略学习,学习通过标题和图片预测文本主旨大意。Theme Reading部分为主题阅读活动,帮助学生运用本单元所学的“情节分析”的思维技能和“预览标题和图片进行预测”的阅读策略开展主题阅读。Grammar in Use部分为语法学习与使用,包括形容词性物主代词、名词性物主代词的用法和一般过去时的形式、意义和用法两个部分。
语言知识&技能:
(1)运用情节分析思维技能,绘制情节图,了解故事如何发展;
(2)运用通过标题和图片预测文本主旨大意的阅读策略,快速获取文章的主要内容;
(3) 用预览标题和图片预测文本内容的阅读策略获取语篇的主旨大意;
(4)初步具有运用形容词性物主代词、名词性物主代词和一般过去时的意识和能力。
2. 文化意识&思维品质:
(1)谈论社区成员间相互支持与合作的重要性,感悟邻里互助的意义;
(2)在新语境中运用所学语法知识,描述社区活动。
3. 学习策略:
(1)根据情节图组织语言,分享个人暑期见闻;
(2)对比、归纳形容词性物主代词和名词性物主代词在形式、意义和使用上的区别;
(3) 在语境中理解两种物主代词和一般过去时的形式、意义和用法。
➽自主预习
请预习下列重点单词、短语和句型,并完成下面的表格。
词性
中文
英文
重点
单词
名词
1. 主人;东道主
host
2. 镇;集镇
town
3. 小孩;年轻人
kid
4. 卧室
bedroom
5. 院子
yard
6. 标题;题目
title
动词
1. 采,摘;挑选
pick
2. 主动提供,主动给予(某事物)
offer
3. 切,割;(用刀等将某物)切成,割成;削减,缩减
cut
形容词
1. 重要的
meaningful
2. 拥挤的
crowded
缩略词
医生;博士
Dr.
代词
1. 她的
hers
2. 我们的
ours
3. 他们的,她们的,它们的
theirs
副词
以前
ago
兼词
1. adj. / pron.自己的,本人的
v. 拥有,有;承担;负责
own
2. v. / n.闲聊;聊天
chat
3. pron. 我的 n.矿;矿井
mine
4. pron./ det. 两个,两个都
both
重点
短语
中文
英文
中文
英文
1. (开车)接人;捡起
pick up
2. 在暑假期间
during the summer holiday
3. 从...(那里)受到热烈的欢迎
get a warm welcome from...
4. 寄宿家庭
host family
5. 一项有意义的活动
a meaningful activity
6. 打扫街道
sweep the street
7. 搬家到;移动到
move to
8. 向某人提供某物
offer sth. to sb.= offer sb. sth.
9. 把...拿到..
carry sth. to...
10. 给某人展示某物
show sb. sth.=show sth.to sb.
11. 举办一场欢迎派对
hold a welcome party
12. 在社区中心
in the community center
13. 一个爱和关怀的港湾
a place of love and care
14. 把...带去...
take...to...
15. 以某人自己的方式
in one's own way
16. 从...搬家/移动到...
move from... to...
17. 筹钱
collect money
18. 在那个时候
at that time
19. 做志愿者工作
do volunteer work
20. 做某事有乐趣
have fun doing sth.
21. 多年前
years ago
22. 从事......工作
work as...
23. 赵先生一家
the Zhao family
24. 对...感到陌生
be new to...
25. 赵先生一家
the Zhaos
26. 与......交谈
chat with sb.
27. 搬进
move in
28. 去派对
go to a party
29. 对...小心(谨慎)
be careful with sth.
30. (躺,睡)在床上
in bed
31. 帮助某人摆脱(困境)
help out
32. 修剪;删除;裁剪
cut out
重点
句型
中文
英文
1. 他给赵杰打电话,赵杰过了会儿就去接了他。
He called Zhao Jie, and Zhao Jie picked him up later.
2. 他在一个阳光明媚的日子到了,并受到了他的美国寄宿家庭的热烈欢迎。
He arrived on a sunny day and got a warm welcome from his American host family.
3. 很多年前,我住的社区又旧又拥挤。
Years ago, my community was very old and crowded.
4. 昨天下午,我们社区当志愿者。
Yesterday aftermoon, we worked as volunteers in the community.
5. 赵先生一家来自一个小乡镇。
The Zhao family are from a small town.
6. 他们上周才搬到我住的社区。
They just moved to my community last week.
7. 他们对一切事物都感到陌生,但社区的每一个人都主动给他们提供帮助。
Everything was new to them, but everyone in the community offered help to them.
8. 赵先生一家到了,王先生帮他们把箱子搬到家里。
When the Zhao family arived, Mr. Wang helped them carry boxes to their house.
9. 王太太给他们带来一些菜。
Mrs. Wang brought them some dishes.
10. 她给赵太太指了去学校的路。
She showed Mrs. Zhao the way to the school.
11. 上周日,我们在社区服务中心为赵先生一家举办了一场欢迎派对。
Last Sunday, we held a welcome party for the Zhaos in the community center.
12. 很多人来和他们聊天。
Many people came and chatted with them.
13. 这个社区是一个爱和关怀的港湾。
The community is a place of love and care.
14. 高小姐带着赵家的孩子们去学校。
Miss Gao took the Zhao's kids to the school.
15. 很多邻居用他们自己的方式给赵先生一家提供帮助。
Many neighbors offered help to the Zhao family in their own way.
16. 赵先生一家从一个小镇搬到一个新的社区。
The Zhao family moved from a small town to a new community.
17. 赵先生一家和很多人聊天,并在这里感受到了爱和关怀。
The Zhao family chatted with many people and felt love and care here.
18. 这是我的卧室。这间卧室是我的。
This is my bedroom. The bedroom is mine.
19. 康康,你的风筝飞得高。
Kangkang, your kite flies high. The yellow kite is yours.
20. 这个男人正在遛狗。这只狗是他的。
The man is walking his dog. The dog is his.
21. 这个女孩正在骑自行车。红色的自行车是她的。
The girl is riding her bike. The red bike is hers.
22. 这是我们的房子。这个房子是我们的。
This is our house. The house is ours.
23. 孩子们正在院子里玩。这个院子是他们的。
The children are playing in their yard. The yard is theirs.
24. 她也是我的好朋友之一。
She is also a good friend of mine.
25. 我们俩都喜欢骑自行车去学校。
We both like riding bikes to school.
26. 我们对操场的草和花都很小心。
We were very careful with the grass and flowers on the playground.
27. 我们为野生动物筹了一些钱。
We collected some money for wild animals.
28. —他们刚才在家吗?
—是的,他们在。/不,他们不在。
—Were they at home just now?
—Yes, they were./No, they weren't.
29. —那个时候你躺在床上吗?
—是的,我在。/不,我不在。
—Were you in bed at that time?
—Yes, I was./ No, I wasn't.
30. —你在社区中心帮忙了吗?
—是的,我在。/不,我不在。
—Did you help out at the community center?
—Yes, I did./ No, I didn't.
31. 我们浇水,把坏的植物剪掉,然后等待。
We watered, cut out the bad plants, and then we waited.
32. 我们在一起工作很开心。
We had fun working together.
小试牛刀:根据语境及提示完成句子。
1. Please help me pick some fresh flowers for the dinner table. (pick)
2. The subway was so crowded during rush hour that we could hardly move. (拥挤的)
3. She kindly offered to drive me home when it started raining. (offer)
4. Be careful not to cut your finger while using the scissors. (割)
5. The blue backpack isn’t yours—it’s mine. I bought it last week. (我的)
➽问题探究
知识点1 He called Zhao Jie, and Zhao Jie picked him up later. 他给赵杰打电话,赵杰过了会儿就去接了他。(教材P60)
1)pick v.“采,摘”。pick sth.“采摘某物”。
E.g. Zhao Jie picked some apples on the farm. 赵杰在农场摘了一些苹果。
拓展: pick作动词时还可意为“挑选”。
E.g. Pick a number from one to ten. 请从1到10中选一个数字。
2)pick up “(开车)接人”。
E.g. My dad picked me up at the airport. 我爸爸在机场接我。
拓展: pick up的其他意思
pick up 捡起;拿起;接电话;收拾;整理
注意:pick the flowers “摘花”
pick up the flowers “(从地上)捡起花”
【题型精讲】
1.You should pick up your bags after the plane landing.
A.take B.kick C.pack D.make
【答案】A
【详解】句意:你应该在飞机降落后去拿你的行李。
考查动词辨析。take拿;kick踢;pack将……打包;make制作。pick up在此意为“拾起”,与take近义。故选A。
2.—Your son doesn’t look __________. He is so pale. You should take him to the hospital.
—Thank you. I will __________ after school today.
A.good, pick him up B.good, pick up him
C.well, pick up him D.well, pick him up
【答案】D
【详解】句意:——你的儿子看起来不太好。他脸色苍白。你应该带他去医院。——谢谢你。我今天放学后会去接他。
考查形容词和动词短语。good好的;well健康的,状态良好的。look后接形容词,根据“He is so pale”可知,此处是描述身体状态,用well;pick up是固定短语,意为“接某人”,代词作宾语时需放在中间。故选D。
知识点2 He arrived on a sunny day and got a warm welcome from his American host family. 他在一个阳光明媚的日子到了,然后受到他的美国寄宿家庭的热烈欢迎。(教材P60)
welcome n.“欢迎”。get a warm welcome from... 意为“受到......的热烈欢迎”。
E.g. We got a warm welcome from students when we volunteered to help them.
当我们自愿去帮助学生们时,我们受到了他们的热烈欢迎。
拓展: give sb. a warm welcome 意为“给予某人热烈的欢迎”。
E.g. Li Jing gave me a warm welcome when I visited her. 当我拜访李静的时候,她热烈地欢迎了我。
链接:welcome的其他用法
感叹词
意为“欢迎”,welcome to + 地点 “欢迎来到......”。若后跟home, hear, there时,to则需省略。
形容词
意为“收欢迎的”。
动词
意为“(打招呼)欢迎(某人的到来)”。welcome sb. to... “欢迎来到.....。若后跟home, here, there时,to则需省略。
E.g. Welcome to Beijing.(作感叹词)欢迎来到北京。
Mr. Li is welcome in our school. (作形容词)李老师在我们学校受欢迎。
It is a pleasure to welcome you to our home.(作动词)很高兴欢迎您来到我家。
【题型精讲】
Chinese, restaurant, welcome, to, this
.
【答案】Welcome to this Chinese restaurant
【详解】根据所给词及标点可知,此句为祈使句的肯定形式,以动词原形开头,welcome to“欢迎来到”,句首首字母大写;this“这个”;Chinese restaurant“中餐馆”。故填Welcome to this Chinese restaurant“欢迎光临这家中餐馆”。
知识点3 Years ago, my community was very old and crowded. 很多年前,我住的社区又旧又拥挤。
(教材P61)
1)ago adv.“以前”。常用于“一段时间+ago”结构中,不可单独使用,是一般过去时的标志性时间状语。
E.g. an hour ago 一个小时前 one week ago 一周前 three months ago 三个月前 two years ago两年前
I was in Guangzhou 5 years ago. 五年前我在广州。
2)crowded adj.“拥挤的”
E.g. It is always crowded at peak times. 在高峰期总是很拥挤。
拓展: be crowded with... 意为“挤满......”
E.g. The Great Wall is crowded with people every summer. 每年夏天长城都挤满了人。
拓展:crowd n.人群 a crowd of 一群..... / v. 挤满,塞满
E.g. There is a big crowd on the road.(作名词)马路上有一大群人。
Thousands of people crowded the narrow streets.(作动词)成千上万的人把狭窄的街道挤得水泄不通。
【题型精讲】
1.We found her _________.
A.today a year ago B.a year today ago C.a year ago today
【答案】C
【详解】句意:一年前的今天我们发现了她。
考查时间副词的用法。根据“We found her ….”及选项可知,此处为固定搭配a year ago表示“一年前”,时间副词today“今天”放于句尾。故选C。
2.Three years ago, she ________ believe that happiness was just simple and easy.
A.doesn’t B.wasn’t C.didn’t D.isn’t
【答案】C
【详解】句意:三年前,她不相信幸福就是简单和容易。
考查时态及助动词。doesn’t一般现在时态的否定形式;wasn’t一般过去时态的否定形式;didn’t一般过去时态的否定形式;isn’t一般现在时态的否定形式。根据时间状语Three years ago“三年前”可知用一般过去时态,故排除A,D。believe相信,是实意动词,变否定句时要借助助动词did。故选C。
知识点4 A Meaningful Activity 一项意义深远的活动(教材P61)
meaningful adj.“重要的;有意义的”。其反义词为meaningless,意为“毫无意义的”
E.g. It is meaningful for us to do voluntary work. 对我们来说,做志愿者工作是有意义的。
辨析:mean,meaning,meaningful 和meaningless
单词
词性
意思
mean
动词
意味着,意思是
meaning
名词
意思;意义
meaningful
形容词
重要的;有意义的
meaningless
形容词
毫无意义的
E.g. It means that you can go into the room. 它意味着你可以进入这个房间。
What's the meaning of this sentence? 这句话的意思是什么?
The activity is meaningful to us. 这个活动对我们来说是有意义的。
Crying is meaningless. 哭是毫无意义的。
归纳:由后缀-ful/-less构成的常用词
名词
形容词
care 小心
careful 小心;谨慎
careless粗心的
help帮助
helpful 有帮助的
helpless 无助的
hope 希望
hopeful 满怀希望的
hopeless 无望的
use 使用
useful 有用的
useless 无用的
【题型精讲】
The activity is _______. And we send _______ to the children in poor areas.
A.enough meaningful, enough food B.enough meaningful, food enough
C.meaningful enough, enough food D.meaningful enough, food enough
【答案】C
【详解】句意:这项活动很有意义。我们给贫困地区的孩子们送足够的食物。
enough修饰修饰形容词或副词时,放在所修饰的形容词或副词后面,只能说meaningful enough,排除A,B;enough修饰名词时,要放在所修饰的名词之前,故答案为C。
知识点5 Yesterday afternoon, we worked as volunteers in the community. 昨天下午,我们在社区当志愿者。(教材P61)
work as 意为“从事.......工作”,as后面接职业名词。work在此处作动词,意为“工作”。
E.g. Kangkang works as an English teacher. 康康是一名英语老师。
She works as a volunteer in a hospital. 她在医院当一名志愿者。
归纳: work的相关短语
work for 为....工作 work on 从事于;努力改善或完成 work out 计算出;解决某事
E.g. She worked for a food company last year. 她去年为一家食品公司工作。
You need to work on your pronunciation a bit more. 你需要再加把劲改进发音。
Dudu worked the math problem out and he felt so happy. 嘟嘟算出了这道数学题,他感到很高兴。
【题型精讲】
1.—What’s your mother’s job?
—My mother works as a teacher and I am so proud of her.
A.works for B.is C.wants to be
【答案】B
【详解】句意:——你妈妈是做什么工作的?——我妈妈是一名教师,我为她感到骄傲。
考查动词辨析。works for为……工作;is是,be的第三人称单数形式;wants to be想成为。划线词“works as”意为“以……身份而工作”,这里指我妈妈是一名老师,因此与is“是”意思一致。故选B。
2.Here is _________ for you _________ a waiter.
A.works; for B.a work; as C.job; of D.a job; as
【答案】D
【详解】work是不可数名词,前面不用不定冠词;job是可数名词,可用不定冠词,排除A、B两项;as“作为”。故选D。
知识点6 The Zhao family are from a small town. 赵先生一家来自一个小乡镇。(教材P62)
the Zhao family 意为“赵先生一家”,也可用the Zhaos来表达。
注意:“the+姓氏的复数”表示一家人,在句中作主语时谓语动词用复数。
E.g. The Liu family are going to have supper together at night. 刘先生一家今晚要一起吃晚饭。
The Wangs are going to have a picnic this weekend. 王先生一家这周要去野餐。
The Greens are ready to go camping tomorrow. 格林先生一家准备明天去露营。
知识点7 They just moved to my community last week. 他们上周才搬到我住的社区。(教材P62)
move v.“搬家;搬迁”。move to+地点名词,意为“搬往.......”。
E.g. The Whites will move to the UK next week. 怀特先生一家下周将搬去英国。
链接: move作动词时还可意为“移动;(使)改变位置”。
E.g. Don't move! Be careful with the dog. 别动!小心狗。
拓展:moving adj.“感人的”,常用于修饰事或物。
moved adj.“感动的”,常用于修饰人。
E.g. This film is very moving. 这部电影非常感人。
I was moved by this film. 我被这部电影感动了。
【题型精讲】
1.I think it is one of the most ________ movies I have ever seen. It ________ me deeply.
A.move; moving B.moving; moved C.moved; moved D.moving; moving
【答案】B
【详解】句意:我认为这是我看过的最感人的电影之一。它深深地打动了我。
考查形容词辨析和一般过去时。move“使感动”,动词原形;moving“感人的”,形容词,修饰物;moved“使感动”,过去式或过去分词,“感动的”,形容词,修饰人。第一空,根据“one of the most … movies”可知,此处是指最感人的电影之一,应用形容词moving修饰“movies”,在句中作定语,排除A和C;第二空,根据“It … me deeply.”可知,此处是指它感动了我,句子时态为一般过去时,谓语动词应用过去式moved,排除D。故选B。
2.—When ________ you ________ Beijing?
—In 1998.
A.do; move to B.did; move to C.did; moved to
【答案】B
【详解】句意:——你什么时候搬到北京的?——在1998年。
考查一般过去时的疑问句结构。根据答句“In 1998”可知,问句询问的是过去的时间,因此需要使用一般过去时。疑问句中助动词“did”用于构成过去时的疑问句,动词“move”需用原形。故选B。
知识点8 Everything was new to them, but everyone in the community offered help to them. 他们对一切事物都感到陌生,但社区的每一个人都主动给他们提供帮助。(教材P62)
1)be new to... 意为“对......感到陌生”。
E.g. The school was new to him when he first arrived at the school. 他刚到学校的时候对学校感到陌生。
2)offer v.“主动提供,主动给予(某事物)”。offer sb. sth.= offer sth.to sb.“为某人提供某物”。
E.g. They usually offer food to the old. = They usually offer the old food. 他们通常主动给老人提供食物。
拓展: offer的相关短语
offer to do sth. 主动提出做某事 offer sth. 主动提供某物
E.g. We offered free medical services in this community this mnorning.
今天上午,我们在这个小区提供免费的医疗服务
链接:provide 也意为“提供......”,但是其短语结构与offer不同:
provide sb.with sth. = provide sth. for sb. “为某人提供某物”。
E.g. We provided the guests with hot water and bread at noon.
= We provided hot water and bread for the guests at noon. 我们中午为客人提供了热水和面包。
【题型精讲】
1.I wanted a cup of coffee but they offered me a cup of milk tea.
A.gave B.repaired C.planned D.asked
【答案】A
【详解】句意:我想要一杯咖啡,但他们给了我一杯奶茶。
考查动词辨析。gave给;repaired修理;planned计划;asked询问。根据“I wanted a cup of coffee but they offered me a cup of milk tea.”可知,此处说的是给了一杯奶茶,因此划线单词的意思是“给”,与gave的意思一致。故选A。
2.The Earth provides us _________ air, water and food. It is our home.
A.to B.for C.with D.by
【答案】C
【详解】句意:地球为我们提供空气、水和食物。它是我们的家。
考查介词辨析。to到;for给,为了;with用,有;by通过。provide sb. with sth.意为“给某人提供某物”。故选C。
知识点9 Many people came and chatted with them. 很多人和他们聊天。 (教材P62)
chat v.“闲聊;聊天”。chat with sb.“和某人聊天”。
类似意思的短语有 talk with sb./talk to sb. 意为“与某人聊天”。
E.g. I like to chat with my neighbors when l am free. 当我有空的时候,我喜欢和邻居们聊天。
拓展: chat还可作可数名词,意为“闲聊;闲谈;聊天”,指熟人之间非常随便地交谈,强调谈话的非正式性。
E.g. He always enjoyed a chat about the old days. 他总是喜欢聊过去的日子。
I had a long chat with her. 我和她闲聊了很久。
【题型精讲】
1.They had a good time ________ each other ________ a cup of coffee!
A.to chat with, over B.chatting with, over C.to chat with, during D.chatting with, during
【答案】B
【详解】句意:他们边喝咖啡边聊得很开心!
考查非谓语动词和介词。over表示“在……期间”,强调两个动作同时发生;during“在……期间”,强调时间段。have a good time doing“做某事很开心”,故第一空是chatting;根据“... each other ... a cup of coffee”可知表示边喝咖啡边聊天,故第二空用over。故选B。
2.—What do you often do ________ classes?
—We often ________ each other.
A.between; chat with B.among; chat with C.in; chat to D.in; chat
【答案】A
【详解】句意:——你们经常在课间做什么?——我们经常互相聊天。
考查介词辨析以及动词短语。between在两者之间;among在多者之间;in在里面。根据“What do you often do...classes”可知此处指在课间做什么,是在两节课之间,用between;chat with sb.“和某人聊天”。故选A。
知识点10 Many neighbors offered help to the Zhao family in their own way. 很多邻居用他们自己的方式给赵先生一家提供帮助。(教材P63)
1) own adj./pron.“自己的,本人的”;常用在形容词性物主代词或名词所有格之后,强调个人所有,表示“某人自己的”。
E.g. I have my own car. 我有自己的小汽车。
拓展: ① own还可作动词,意为“拥有,有(尤指买来的东西)”,不用于进行时。
E.g. Do you own the house or rent it? 这个房子是你自己的,还是租的?
② owner是own的名词形式,意为“主人”。
E.g. She is the owner of this house. 她是这座房子的主人。
This is his own watch.(形容词,自己的)
= He owns the watch.(动词,拥有)
= He is the owner of the watch.(名词,主人)
2)in one’s own way 意为“用某人自己的方式”。
E.g. I can solve the problem in my own way. 我能用我自己的方式解决这个问题
归纳: own的相关短语
of one’s own 某人自己的 on one’s own 独自地
E.g. I have a room of my own. 我有自己的房间。
She can finish the work on her own. 她可以独自完成工作。
【题型精讲】
1. The girl who is singing all the day seems to live in a happy world _________.
A.by her own B.of her own C.with her own D.on her own
【答案】B
【详解】句意:那个整天唱歌的女孩似乎生活在她自己的快乐世界里。
考查介词短语辨析。by her own靠她自己 ;of her own她自己的……;with her own和她自己的……;on her own独自一人,独立。结合语境及“live in a happy world…”可知,此处指这个女孩活在“她自己的”世界里。故选B。
2.After working hard for one year, the young girl ________ a new car. That is ________ new car.
A.owns; her own’s B.owns; her own C.own; her owns D.own; her own
【答案】B
【详解】句意:经过一年的努力工作,这个年轻女孩拥有了一辆新车。那是她自己的新车。
考查own的用法。根据“the young girl ... a new car”可知,此处缺少谓语动词,主语是第三人称单数,谓语动词用第三人称单数owns;根据“That is ... new car.”可知,此处是指她自己的新车,one’s own“某人自己的”,固定短语。故选B。
知识点11 This is my bedroom. The bedroom is mine. 这是我的卧室。这间卧室是我的。(教材P63)
1)my为形容词性物主代词,意为“我的”。在句子中只能作定语,后接名词,表示所属关系。
E.g. This is my teacher, Mr.Li. 这是我的老师,李老师。
2)mine为名词性物主代词,相当于“形容词性物主代词+名词”,起到名词的作用;可以独立充当句子成分,在句中可作主语、宾语或表语。
E.g. This is his book. Where is mine? 这是他的书。我的书在哪里呢?
Her schoolbag is blue, and mine is yellow. 她的书包是蓝色的,我的(书包)是黄色的。
【题型精讲】
1. —Whose bike is this? Is it ________?
—No, it’s not ________. Maybe it’s Lily’s.
A.your; mine B.yours; my C.your; my D.yours; mine
【答案】D
【详解】句意:——这是谁的自行车?它是你的吗?——不,不是我的。可能是莉莉的。
考查物主代词。your你的,是形容词性物主代词,后面接名词;yours你的,是名词性物主代词,相当于 “your + 名词”;mine我的,是名词性物主代词,相当于 “my + 名词”;my我的,是形容词性物主代词,后面接名词。第一空所在句子的句意是“它是你的(自行车)吗?”,要用名词性物主代词yours;第二空所在句子的句意是 “不,它不是我的(自行车)”,要用名词性物主代词mine。故选D。
2.— There are some crayons on the teacher’s desk. Are these ________?
— No, they aren’t. Mine are in my desk.
A.mine B.hers C.yours D.his
【答案】C
【详解】句意:——老师的桌子上有一些蜡笔。这些是你的吗?——不,它们不是。我的在我的书桌里。
考查代词辨析。mine我的,名词性物主代词;hers她的,名词性物主代词;yours你的,你们的,名词性物主代词;his他的,名词性物主代词/形容词性物主代词。根据“Are these...?”和“No, they aren’t. Mine are in my desk.”可知,应是询问蜡笔是否属于对方。因此,应该使用第二人称的物主代词“yours”。故选C。
知识点12 She is also a good friend of mine. 她也是我的好朋友之一。(教材P64)
a good friend of mine 意为“我的好朋友之一”,这是英语中双重所有格的一种用法。
E.g. This is a book of mine. 这是我的书之一。
注意:分清楚以下两种表达形式的区别:
a picture of Kangkang 康康的照片(照片中的人是康康)
a picture of Kangkang’s 康康的照片之一(照片属于康康,这是他若干照片中的其中之一)
知识点13 We both like riding bikes to school. 我们俩都喜欢骑自行车去学校。(教材P64)
both 代词/限定词,意为“两个,两个都”,可与复数名词或代词连用,强调两者之间。
both一般放在实义动词之前,be动词、助动词、情态动词之后。
E.g. They both like to sing songs.(实义动词之前)他们两个都喜欢唱歌。
Her parents are both teachers. (be 动词之后)她的父母都是老师。
注意: both作代词时,如果在句中作主语,谓语动词用复数形式。
E.g. There are two boys in the library. Both are reading. 图书馆里有两个男孩。两个都正在看书。
拓展: ① both...and... 意为“两者都;既......又......”;在句中作主语时,谓语动词要用复数形式。
E.g. She likes both Chinese and science. 她既喜欢语文也喜欢科学。
Both Sally and Xiao Ya love music. 莎莉和肖雅都喜欢音乐。
②"both of+复数人称代词的宾格或者复数名词”,意为“两者都......”;在句中作主语时,谓语动词用复数形式。
e.g. Both of them are students. 他们两个都是学生。
辨析: both和all
单词
意思
用法
both
两个,两个都;表示“两者都”
修饰或指代可数名词复数作主语时,谓语动词用复数形式。
all
所有,全部;表示“三者或者三者以上都”
修饰或指代可数名词复数作主语时,谓语动词通常用复数形式。
修饰或指代不可数名词作主语时,谓语动词通常用单数形式。
E.g. We are both happy. 我们都开心。
All of the books are new. 所有的书都是新的。
All the food is ready. 所有的食物都准备好了。
【题型精讲】
1. Both Lily and Lucy ________ my best friends.
A.is B.are C.was D.were
【答案】B
【详解】句意:莉莉和露西都是我最好的朋友。
考查主谓一致。分析句子可知,此处表示现在的情况,句子时态为一般现在时,主语Both Lily and Lucy为复数,be动词用are。故选B。
2. Simon and Daniel ________ drawing. They ________ good at singing too.
A.both love; both are B.love both; are both
C.both love; are both D.love both; both are
【答案】C
【详解】句意:西蒙和丹尼尔都喜欢画画。他们也都很擅长唱歌。
考查both的用法。both“两者都”,通常位于实义动词之前,系动词之后,love“喜爱”,实义动词;are“是”,系动词。故选C。
知识点14 We were very careful with the grass and flowers on the playground. 我们对操场的草和花都很小心。
(教材P64)
be careful with sb./sth. “对某人/某物小心(谨慎)”。
E.g. We should be careful wvith the glass in the lab. 我们应该小心实验室的玻璃。
拓展:be careful “小心,当心”,单独使用时,常用来提醒别人,以引起注意。
be careful about (doing) sth. “注意/小心(做)某事”
be careful (not) to do sth. “小心(不要)做某事”
E.g. Be careful! The road is slippery. 小心!路很滑。
As a student, you have to be careful about doing your homework. 作为一名学生,你必须小心做作业。
We are also very careful not to waste money. 我们也非常小心,不浪费钱。
【题型精讲】
Fire is very dangerous. You can’t be ______ careful with it!
A.very B.quite C.so D.too
【答案】D
【详解】句意:火是很危险的,对于它你再怎么小心都不过分。
考查程度副词。四个选项都有“很,非常”的意思,但各有不同。very通常与修饰人或物的形容词连用;quite修饰形容词,副词的比较级;so比较口语化,有“那么,多么”的意思;too表示的程度较强,有“太……”的意思。这里是“太小心也不过分”。故选D。
知识点15 —Were you in bed at that time? 那个时候你躺在床上吗?—Yes,I was./ No, I wasn't. 是的,我在。/不,我不在。(教材65)
1) 一般过去时表示在过去某个时间发生的动作或存在的状态,常和表示过去的时间状语连用,如yesterday、(时间段)+ago、just now、last night、last week等。此句主要涉及含be动词的过去式。
be动词的过去式为was/were。具体变化形式如下:
原形
am
is
are
过去式
was
was
were
E.g. She was in a hospital yesterday. 昨天她在医院。
They were at home last night. 他们昨晚在家。
2)in bed意为“(躺,睡)在床上”,侧重指在床上时是盖着被子的。
E.g. She doesn't feel well today. So she is in bed. 她今天不舒服,所以她在卧床休息。
拓展: on the bed意为“(躺,睡)在床上”,侧重指在床上时没有盖着被子。
E.g. She lay on the bed. 她躺在床上。
【题型精讲】
1.—Did you and your friend hear what the guide said in the park?
—________. We were busy talking with each other at that time.
A.Yes, we were B.No, we weren’t C.Yes, we did D.No, we didn’t
【答案】D
【详解】句意:——你和你的朋友听到导游在公园里说的话了吗?——不,我们没有。那时我们正忙着互相交谈。
考查一般疑问句回答。问句中有助动词did,回答也用助动词构成,结合“We were busy talking with each other at that time.”可知,此处应该是否定的回答,故选D。
2.It’s Sunday, I can spend 30 ________ minutes ________.
A.another; in bed B.more; in bed C.another; in the bed D.more; in beds
【答案】B
【详解】句意:今天是周日,我能在床上多躺30分钟。
考查“再,又”的表达和介词短语。another+数字+名词复数=数字+more+名词复数,表示“再几个……”,所以第一空填more,故排除A、C项;in bed“在床上”,固定搭配,故选B。
知识点16 —Did you help out at the community center? 你在社区中心帮忙了吗?—Yes, I did./ No, I didn't.
是的,我在。/不,我不在。(教材P65)
help(sb.)out意为“帮助(某人)摆脱困境”。
E.g. We helped Tom out when he was in trouble. 当汤姆处于困难时,我们帮助了他。
拓展: help(sb.)out with... 意为“在.......方面帮助(某人)摆脱困境”。
E.g. He helped the old man out with his task. 他帮助这个老人完成了任务。
归纳: ① help作动词时的常用短语有
help sb. (to) do sth. 帮助某人做某事 help sb. with sth. 帮助某人做某事
E.g. She helped the elders (to) repair computers. 她帮助老人修电脑。
Lucy helps me with my English. 露西帮助我学英语。
② help作名词时的常用短语有
with the help of 在.......帮助下 with one's help 在某人的帮助下 ask sb. for help 向某人寻求帮助
E.g. With the help of you, I learned to use the computer.
= With your help, I learned to use the computer. 在你的帮助下,我学习了使用电脑。
We can ask our teachers for help at school. 在学校,我们可以向老师寻求帮助。
【题型精讲】
1.—Do you often need help _________ your Maths homework?
—No, sometimes I can do it by myself.
A.with B.to C.from D.for
【答案】A
【详解】句意:——你经常需要帮助完成数学作业吗?——不,有时我可以自己完成。
考查介词辨析。with和,在……方面;to到;from从;for为了。need help with sth“在某方面需要帮助”,空处用介词with。故选A。
2.—What do you think of the rules in your school?
—I think they are very strict but they can help us ________ good habits.
A.developing B.developed C.develop D.develops
【答案】C
【详解】句意:——你认为学校的规则如何?——我认为它们非常严格,但可以帮助我们养成良好的习惯。
考查动词短语。help sb. do sth意为“帮助某人做某事”,故选C。
知识点17 We watered,cut out the bad plants,and then we waited. 我们浇水,把坏的植物剪掉,然后等待。(教材P65)
1)cut v.“修剪;切,割”。其过去式是cut。
E.g. His task is to cut the lawn. 他的任务是修剪草坪。
I cut a piece of birthday cake for everyone. 我给每个人都切了一块生日蛋糕。
2)cut out“剪下,切去;删除,删去”。是“动词+副词”结构的短语,其用法如下:
cut + 名词 + out = cut out + 名词 cut + 代词 + out
E.g. I cut this article out of the newspaper. 我从报纸上剪下了这篇文章。
I want to cut out that word. 我想删掉那个单词。
Please cut them out. 请把它们删去。
Please cut out them.(x)
拓展: cut out还可意为“裁剪”
E.g. She cut the dress out of some cloth. 她用一些布料裁剪出了那件连衣裙。
归纳: cut的相关短语
cut down 砍倒 cut up 切碎 cut in 插嘴,打断
E.g. Don't cut down the trees in the forest. 不要砍倒森林里的树。
Let's cut up the chicken and make some soup. 让我们把鸡肉切碎来煮汤。
“Forget it!” she cut in. “忘了吧!”她插嘴道。
【题型精讲】
Don’t ______ the trees. They are animals’ home.
A.cut down B.cut in C.cut up D.cut out
【答案】A
【详解】句意:不要砍伐树木。它们是动物的家。考查动词短语辨析题。cut down裁短,把…砍倒;cut in插嘴,干预;cut up切碎,砍伤;cut out剪下,停止。根据句意语境,可知cut down符合句意,故选A。
知识点18 We had fun working together. 我们在一起工作很开心。(教材P65)
have fun doing sth. “做某事有乐趣”,其中fun是不可数名词意为“开心;乐趣;好玩的事”。
E.g. The Wangs had fun playing games together. 王先生一家一起玩游戏玩得很开心。
链接: have fun意为“玩得愉快;玩得开心”,have fun 可与have a good time、enjoy oneself 互换。
E.g. We had fun at work. = We had a good time at work. = We enjoyed ourselves at work.
我们在工作中获得了乐趣。
【题型精讲】
1. We have fun _________ with each other.
A.to talk B.talk C.talking D.to talking
【答案】C
【详解】句意:我们彼此聊得很开心。
考查非谓语动词。根据短语have fun doing sth.“做某事很有趣”可知,空处应选talking。故选C。
2. The children have fun in the park every Saturday. (改为同义句)
The children in the park every Saturday.
【答案】have a good time/have a great time/have a nice time/have a wonderful time/enjoy themselves
【详解】根据所给句意可知,空白处表示“玩得开心”,应用短语have a good/nice/great/wonderful time/enjoy oneself,此句为一般现在时,主语“The children”为复数,have和enjoy用原形,反身代词用themselves,意为“他们自己”。故填have a good/nice/great/wonderful time/enjoy oneself。
单元语法
一、物主代词(Possessive pronouns)
名词性物主代词
人称代词的所有格形式叫作物主代词。物主代词有两种形式:形容词性物主代词和名词性物主代词。本单元主要学习的是名词性物主代词。
1)名词性物主代词的概念
名词性物主代词起名词的作用,用来指代上下文中提到过的物品。其与人称代词一样,也分第一人称、第二人称、第三人称,也有单数形式和复数形式。
2)名词性物主代词的形式
人称
单数
复数
第一人称
mine(我的)
ours(我们的)
第二人称
yours(你的)
yours(你们的)
第三人称
his(他的)
theirs
(他们的/她们的/它们的)
hers(她的)
its(它的)
注意:① 从形式上看,除了mine之外,名词性物主代词都以s结尾。
② 名词性物主代词第二人称的单复数形式是一样的,都是yours。
链接: 对比记忆形容词性物主代词和名词性物主代词
人称
形容词性物主代词
名词性物主代词
第一人称
单数
my
mine
复数
our
ours
第二人称
单数
your
yours
复数
your
yours
第二人称
单数
his
his
复数
their
theirs
单数
her
hers
复数
their
theirs
单数
its
its
复数
their
theirs
注意: his和its既可以是形容词性物主代词代词,也可以是名词性物主代词。
E.g. This is his book.(形容词性物主代词)这是他的书。
This book is his.(名词性物主代词)这本书是他的
3)名词性物主代词的用法
名词性物主代词相当于“形容词性物主代词+名词”,具有名词的特性,可在句中单独使用,在句中可以作主语、宾语或表语。
E.g. My dress is blue and hers is pink.(作主语)我的裙子是蓝色的,她的是粉色的。
If you don't have a bike, you can ride mine.(作宾语)如果你没有自行车,你可以骑我的。
This is my book,and that is his.(作表语)这是我的书,那本书是他的。
注意: ①名词性物主代词在句中作主语时,谓语动词应随所指对象而定。
E.g. This is your bread. Mine is in the fridge. 这是你的面包,我的在冰箱里。
—Are these your books? 这是你的书吗?
—No, mine are at home. 不是,我的书在家里。
②名词性物主代词可用在介词of后面,与介词of共同作定语,相当于“of+名词所有格”,表示带有部分概念或有一定的感情色彩。
E.g. This is a pen of hers. 这是她的一支钢笔。
【题型精讲】 用括号内所给词的适当形式填空。
1. This is not ______ book. ______ is on the desk. (我的)
【答案】my; Mine
【详解】第一个空修饰名词“book”,需用形容词性物主代词“my”;第二个空单独作主语,表示“我的书”,用名词性物主代词“Mine”。
2. Her bag is heavy, but ______ is light. (我的)
【答案】mine
【详解】此处单独作主语,表示“我的包”,用名词性物主代词“mine”。
3. —Is this ______ pencil? (你的)
—No, it’s not ______. (我的)
【答案】your; mine
【详解】第一个空修饰名词“pencil”,用形容词性物主代词“your”;第二个空单独作表语,用名词性物主代词“mine”。
4. They took ______ umbrellas, but we forgot ______. (他们的;我们的)
【答案】their; ours
【详解】第一个空修饰名词“umbrellas”,用形容词性物主代词“their”;第二个空单独作宾语,表示“我们的伞”,用名词性物主代词“ours”。
5. This is a friend of ______. He often helps ______ with English. (她的;我)
【答案】hers; me
【详解】第一个空用在“of”后表示“她的朋友”,用名词性物主代词“hers”;第二个空作动词“helps”的宾语,用人称代词宾格“me”。
二、一般过去时 (The simple past tense II )
1)概念 表示在过去某个时间发生的动作或存在的状态,常和表示过去的时间状语连用,如yesterday、(时间段)+ago、just now、last night、last week等。一般过去时习惯上分为两种:①实义动词构成的
一般过去时;② be 动词构成的一般过去时。本单元重点学习be 动词构成的一般过去时。
2)含be动词的一般过去式
(1)be动词(am/is/are)的过去式:
原形
过去式
am
was
is
are
were
(2)含有be动词的一般过去时的句式结构
句式
结构
肯定句
主语+wasn/weren+其他.
否定句
主语+wasn’t/weren’t+其他.
一般疑问句及答语
—Was/Were + 主语+其他?
—Yes,主语 +was/were.
—No, 主语 + wasn't/weren't.
特殊疑问句
特殊疑问词+was/were (+ 主语)+其他?
注意:was not = wasn't; were not = weren't
E.g. She was born in Henan. 她出生在河南。
The dogs were in front of the house. 房子前有狗。
She wasn't born in Henan. 她没有出生在河南。
The dogs weren't in front of the house. 房子前没有狗。
—Was she born in Henan? 她出生在河南吗?
—Yes,she was./No,she wasn't. 是的,她是。/不,她不是
—Were the dogs in front of the house? 狗在房子前吗?
—Yes,they were./No,they weren't. 是的,它们在。/不,它们不在。
Where was she born? 她出生在哪里?
Who was born in Henan? 谁出生在河南?
3)there be句型的一般过去时
(1)there be 句型表示“有.......”。描述过去的情况,用一般过去时,即there was 或there were。
(2)there be 句型的一般过去时的句式结构:
句式
结构
肯定句
There was/were+主语(+其他).
否定句
There wasn't/weren't+主语(+其他).
一般疑问句
—Was/Were there+主语(+其他)?
—Yes, there was/were.
—No, there wasn't/weren't.
E.g. There was a bank near here. 有一家银行在附近。
There were some apples on the tree. 树上有一些苹果。
There wasn't a bank near here. 在附近没有一家银行。
There weren't any apples on the tree. 树上没有苹果。
—Was there a bank near here? 附近有一家银行吗?
—Yes, there was./No, there wasn't. 是的,有。/不,没有。
—Were there any apples on the tree? 树上有苹果吗?
—Yes, there were./No, there weren't. 是的,有。/不,没有
4)含be动词的一般过去时和含实义动词的一般过去时的比较
含be动词的一般过去时
含实义动词的一般过去时
动词
was/were
helped/used/planned/worried
肯定句
主语+was/were+其他.
主语+动词的过去式+其他.
否定句
主语+wasn’t/weren’t+其他.
主语+didn’t+动词形+其他.
一般疑问句
—Was/Were+主语+其他?
—Yes, 主语+was/were.
—No,主语+wasn't/weren't.
—Did +主语+动词原形+其他?
—Yes, 主语+did.
—No, 主语+didn’t.
特殊疑问句
特殊疑问词+was/were (+主语)+其他?
特殊疑问词+did+主语+动词原形+其他?
E.g. It was a great weekend. 这是个很棒的周末。
It wasn't a great weekend. 这不是个很棒的周末。
—Was it a great weekend? 这是个很棒的周末吗?
—Yes, it was./No, it wasn't. 是的,它是。/不,它不是。
How was the weekend? 这个周末怎么样?
He helped me yesterday. 昨天他帮助了我。
He didn't help me yesterday. 昨天他没有帮助我
—Did he help you yesterday? 昨天他帮助你了吗?
—Yes, he did./No, he didn't. 是的,他帮了。/不,他没帮。
What did he do yesterday? 昨天他做了什么
5)一般过去时和一般现在时的比较
一般过去时
一般现在时
含义
表示过去某个时间发生的动作或存在的状态;也可表示过去经常或反复发生的动作。
表示现阶段经常发生的动作或存在的状态;表示习惯动作或现在的状态;表示永恒的真理。
时间标志词
Yesterday/last night/two years ago
/last month/yesterday morning/in 2010
today/often/usually/sometimes/always/
every weekend
陈
述
句
肯
定
句
主语+was/were+其他.
主语+am/is/are+其他.
主语+动词的过去式+其他.
主语+动词原形/动词第三人称单数+其他.
否
定
句
主语+wasn’t/weren’t+其他.
主语+am not/isn’t/aren’t+其他.
主语+didn’t+动词原形+其他.
主语+don’t/doesn’t+动词原形+其他.
一般疑问句
Was/Were+主语+其他?
Am/Is/Are +主语+其他?
Did+主语+动词原形+其他?
Do/Does+主语+动词原形+其他?
特殊疑问句
疑问词+was/were(+主语)+其他?
疑问词+am/is/are+主语+其他?
疑问词+did+主语+动词原形+其他?
疑问词+do/does+主语+动词原形+其他?
E.g. Kangkang was thin 5 years ago. 康康五年前很瘦。
Today the market is crowded. 今天菜市场很拥挤。
Kangkang cleaned up the park last week. 康康上周打扫了公园。
Kangkang often cleans up the park. 康康经常打扫公园
【题型精讲】 用be动词的适当形式填空。
1. There __________ (be) a big tree in front of our house last year.
【答案】was
【详解】句意:去年我们房子前有一棵大树。根据“last year”可知,句子用一般过去时,主语“a big tree”是单数,故用was。
2. —__________ you at home yesterday evening?
—No, I __________. I went to the cinema.
【答案】Were; wasn't
【详解】句意:—你昨晚在家吗?—不,我不在。我去电影院了。根据“yesterday evening”可知,句子用一般过去时,主语“you”对应be动词“were”;否定回答用“wasn’t”。
3. My parents __________ (be not) in China last month; they traveled to Japan.
【答案】weren't
【详解】句意:我父母上个月不在中国,他们去了日本。根据“last month”可知,句子用一般过去时,主语“My parents”是复数,否定形式用“weren’t”。
4. —__________ there any students in the classroom just now?
—Yes, there __________.
【答案】Were; were
【详解】句意:—刚才教室里有学生吗?—是的,有。根据“just now”可知,句子用一般过去时,主语“any students”是复数,疑问句用“Were there”,肯定回答用“were”。
5. She __________ (be) very happy because she got a high score on the test.
【答案】was
【详解】句意:她非常高兴,因为她在考试中得了高分。根据语境可知,句子用一般过去时,主语“She”是单数,故用was。
➽思维导图
➽基础过关
一、单词拼写
1. She __________ (pick) some fresh flowers from the garden yesterday.
【答案】picked
【详解】句意:她昨天从花园里摘了一些新鲜的花。根据“yesterday”可知,句子用一般过去时,动词“pick”的过去式是“picked”。
2. Be careful with that knife, or you might __________ (cut) your finger.
【答案】cut
【详解】句意:小心那把刀,否则你可能会割伤手指。情态动词“might”后接动词原形,“cut”的过去式和原形相同。
3. The shopping mall was so __________ (crowded) during the holiday that we could hardly move.
【答案】crowded
【详解】句意:假日期间,购物中心非常拥挤,我们几乎无法走动。此处需用形容词“crowded”作表语,表示“拥挤的”。
4. He dreams of __________ (own) a big house by the sea one day.
【答案】owning
【详解】句意:他梦想有一天能拥有一栋海边的大房子。介词“of”后接动名词形式,“own”的动名词是“owning”。
5. We sat in the café and __________ (chat) for hours last weekend.
【答案】chatted
【详解】句意:上周末,我们坐在咖啡馆里聊了好几个小时。根据“last weekend”可知,句子用一般过去时,动词“chat”的过去式是“chatted”。
二、完成句子
1.I was worried yesterday. (一般疑问句)
you yesterday?
【答案】 Were worried
【详解】句意:昨天我很担心。原句是一般过去时,改为一般疑问句需将be动词“was”提前
置于句首,因主语变为“you”,be动词需调整为“were”,“worried”作表语。故填Were;worried。
2.The first challenge was the variety of accents. (对划线部分提问)
the first challenge?
【答案】 What was
【详解】句意:第一个挑战是口音的多样性。根据“the variety of accents”可知此处询问第一
个挑战是什么,用what提问,位于句首,首字母大写,be动词was置于主语the first challenge
之前。故填What;was。
3.Jack put the magazines on the tables. (改为否定句)
Jack the magazines on the table.
【答案】 didn’t put
【详解】句意:杰克把杂志放在桌子上。句子谓语动词“put”为过去式,变否定句时,要借
助助动词didn’t,后接动词原形。故填didn’t;put。
4.It’s good to have a bedroom of my own.(改为同义句)
It’s good to have bedroom.
【答案】 my own
【详解】句意:有自己的卧室真好。根据“It’s good to have…bedroom.”及汉语提示可知,此
处指的是拥有我自己的卧室,my“我的”,own“自己的”,形容词作定语修饰名词“bedroom”,
符合语境。故填my;own。
5.All the words came out very smoothly and fast. (对划线部分提问)
all the words come out?
【答案】 How did
【详解】句意:所有的话都非常流畅快速地说了出来。划线部分为“very smoothly and fast”,
描述动作的方式或状态,应用疑问词how“如何”进行提问,且位于句首,首字母要大写;句
子时态为一般过去时,应借助助动词did。故填How;did。
3、 单项选择
( )1.—Does Sandy have ________ bedroom?
— Yes. She also has a big closet ________ to put clothes.
A.she own; of she own B.her own; of her own
C.she’s own; of she’s own D.own she; her own
【答案】B
【详解】句意:——Sandy有自己的卧室吗?——是的。她还有一个自己的大衣柜来放衣服。
考查“own”的用法。第一个空:表示“她自己的”,因为“own”是形容词,前面需要加物主代词“her”来修饰
“bedroom”;第二个空:表示“她自己的”,固定搭配“of one’s own”表示“属于某人自己的”。故选B。
( )2.Carl tried two ways to solve the difficult problem, but ________ of them failed.
A.both B.all C.none D.neither
【答案】A
【详解】句意:Carl尝试了两种方法来解决这个难题,但两种方法都失败了。
考查代词用法。both两者都;all全部;none没有一个;neither两者都不。根据句意可知,Carl尝试了两种
方法,且都失败了,因此应选择表示“两者都”的代词。故选A。
( )3.There ________ a lot of people at the concert last night.
A.is B.are C.was D.were
【答案】D
【详解】句意:昨晚音乐会上有很多人。
考查一般过去时。根据“last night”可知句子应用一般过去时,be动词应用was或were,句子主语为a lot of
people,因此be动词应用were。故选D。
( )4.My parents ________ me to the zoo last Saturday.
A.take B.takes C.took D.are taking
【答案】C
【详解】句意:我父母上周六带我去了动物园。
考查时态。根据“last Saturday”可知,时态为一般过去时,谓语动词用过去式,take的过去式为took。故选C。
( )5.Sally and her friends ________ the game, but they played their best and learned a lot from it.
A.watched B.won C.didn’t watch D.didn’t win
【答案】D
【详解】句意:萨莉和她的朋友们没有赢得比赛,但他们尽了最大的努力,并从中学到了很多东西。
考查动词辨析和动词时态。watch观看;win赢得。根据“but they played their best and learned a lot from it.”可
知,该句是一般过去时,且后文语境发生了转折,说学到了很多东西,因此是说“没有赢得”比赛,故选D。
( )6.Danny, ________ the flowers in the park.
A.don’t pick B.doesn’t pick C.don’t pick up D.doesn’t pick up
【答案】A
【详解】句意:Danny,不要摘公园里的花。
考查祈使句和动词辨析。pick摘;pick up捡起。根据“the flowers in the park.”和选项可知,是让对方不要摘花,应用pick;此处是祈使句的否定形式,应用don’t+动词原形。故选A。
( )7.On Dragon Boat Festival, there are boat races and the riversides are ________ with people.
A.crowd B.crowded C.crowds D.a crowd
【答案】B
【详解】句意:在端午节,有划船比赛,河边挤满了人。
考查形容词。crowd人群;crowded挤满的;crowds人群,复数;a crowd一群。be crowded with挤满……。故选B。
( )8.—When ________ to work as a doctor, Miss Hu?
—Three years ago.
A.do you begin B.will you begin
C.did you begin D.are you beginning
【答案】C
【详解】句意:——胡小姐,你什么时候开始当医生的?——三年前。
考查时态。根据“Three years ago”可知句子用一般过去时,变疑问句时借助助动词did,后加动词原形。故选C。
( )9.Mr. Wang offered ________ the Zhao family carry the heavy boxes.
A.help B.helping C.to help D.helped
【答案】C
【详解】句意:王先生主动提出帮助赵家搬运沉重的箱子。
考查非谓语动词。help帮助,动词原形;helping帮助,动名词;to help帮助,to do不定式;helped帮助,过去分词。“offer to do sth.” 意为 “主动提出做某事”,故选C。
( )10.—Is that ________ red pen?
—No, ________ is blue.
A.your, my book B.your, mine C.yours, mine
【答案】B
【详解】句意:——那是你的红色钢笔吗?——不,我的是蓝色的。
考查代词辨析。your你的,形容词性物主代词;my book我的书;mine我的,名词性物主代词;yours你的,名词性物主代词。第一空修饰名词red pen,用形容词性物主代词your;根据上文“red pen”和“No”可知,第二空指“我的红色钢笔”,用名词性物主代词mine指代。故选B。
➽能力提升
1、 完形填空。先通读短文,掌握其大意,然后从 A、B、C、D四个选项中选出一个可以填入相应空白处的最佳答案。
Last summer holiday, I helped with a charity show to raise money for children in poor areas.
I felt 1 when I became the host (主持人) of the show. But I was also nervous because of the TV cameras. I knew that many people would watch the 2 because some famous stars would come to the show I had to introduce each of them. So I 3 a lot before the show. I had to 4 all the words and do everything right at the same time. At first, I thought I couldn’t do it well. I kept telling myself not to be 5 .
Slowly 6 became easy. The big day came very fast. Hundreds of people came to the show. They donated (捐赠) 7 and other helpful things. And the local businesses also gave us many donations. After the show, we sent the donations to those poor 8 . Soon they wrote back. They were 9 thankful to us. I was happy that we could grow happiness. I hope that more and more people will 10 them.
( )1.A.sad B.bored C.excited D.freezing
( )2.A.movie B.show C.experiment D.game
( )3.A.forgot B.smiled C.taught D.practiced
( )4.A.remember B.grow C.collect D.send
( )5.A.happy B.nervous C.quiet D.comfortable
( )6.A.nothing B.everything C.both D.none
( )7.A.sunlight B.scissors C.homework D.money
( )8.A.adults B.children C.engineers D.members
( )9.A.really B.nearly C.medically D.peacefully
( )10.A.become B.wave C.help D.attack
【答案】1.C 2.B 3.D 4.A 5.B 6.B 7.D 8.B 9.A 10.C
【导语】本文讲述了作者在一次慈善表演中担任主持人的经历,从紧张到成功,并为贫困地区的孩子们筹集捐款和物资,最终感受到帮助他人的快乐。
1.句意:当我成为这个演出的主持人时,我感到很兴奋。
sad难过的;bored无聊的;excited兴奋的;freezing极冷的。根据“I became the host (主持人) of the show”可知,成为演出主持人,作者应该是感到“兴奋的”。故选C。
2.句意:我知道很多人会看这个演出,因为一些著名的明星会来参加这个演出,我不得不介绍他们每个人。
movie电影;show演出;experiment实验;game游戏。根据“some famous stars would come to the show”可知,很多人会观看这个“演出”。故选B。
3.句意:所以我在演出前做了很多练习。
forgot忘记;smiled微笑;taught教;practiced练习。根据“I had to introduce each of them”可知,因为要介绍明星,所以演出前要大量“练习”。故选D。
4.句意:我必须记住所有的词,同时把每件事都做好。
remember记得;grow生长;collect收集;send发送。根据“I had to ... all the words”可知,主持时要“记住”所有的台词。故选A。
5.句意:我一直告诉自己不要紧张。
happy高兴的;nervous紧张的;quiet安静的;comfortable舒服的。根据上文“But I was also nervous because of the TV cameras.”可知,作者告诉自己不要紧张。故选B。
6.句意:慢慢地,一切都变得容易了。
nothing没有什么;everything一切;both两者都;none没有一个。根据“Slowly ... became easy.”可知,因为作者大量的练习,慢慢地“一切”都变得容易了。故选B。
7.句意:他们捐了钱和其他有用的东西。
sunlight阳光;scissors剪刀;homework作业;money金钱。根据上文“a charity show to raise money”可知,人们捐了钱和其他有用的东西。故选D。
8.句意:演出结束后,我们把捐款捐给了那些贫穷的孩子。
adults成年人;children孩子;engineers工程师;members成员。根据上文“a charity show to raise money for children in poor areas”可知,捐赠品送给了那些贫穷的“孩子”。故选B。
9.句意:他们真的很感谢我们。
really真地;nearly几乎;medically医学上地;peacefully和平地。根据“Soon they wrote back.”可知,他们写信回来,是真的感谢我们的帮助。故选A。
10.句意:我希望越来越多的人会帮助他们。
become成为;wave挥手;help帮助;attack攻击。根据“I hope that more and more people will ... them.”可知,作者希望越来越多的人能“帮助”这些孩子。故选C。
二、阅读理解
A
Hi, Jenny,
I like my new school. There are lots of clubs and activities in my school. My favourite club is the Community Volunteers Club. The club gives us a chance (机会) to help people in need.
This term we help out at a center for disabled (有残疾的) children. I help to organize (组织) some games, read stories to the children and help them with their study. Mrs Brown is the teacher of the club. She says that I am really good with the children. I think that is because I have two little sisters.
Next term we will visit some old people. Some of the old people are blind. They can’t see anything. They want us to read letters and books to them.
In the Community Volunteers Club, we help other people and have fun. Everyone in the club is very friendly and it’s a great place to make new friends.
See you soon.
Yours,
Judy
( )1.What does Judy do in the club?
A.Help people in need. B.Collect insects.
C.Play basketball. D.Play musical instruments.
( )2.Why is Judy good with the children?
A.Because she is very nice.
B.Because she likes children.
C.Because she has two little sisters.
D.Because she is good at singing.
( )3.What will Judy do in the Community Volunteers Club next term?
A.She will read stories to the disabled children.
B.She will play games with the disabled children.
C.She will visit some old people and read books to them.
D.She will help the young children with their English.
( )4.What does the underlined word “blind” mean in Paragraph 3?
A.聋哑的 B.失明的 C.肥胖的 D.富有的
( )5.What is the best title for the text?
A.My family B.My friend C.My school D.My favourite club
【答案】1.A 2.C 3.C 4.B 5.D
【导语】本文主要讲述了Judy加入了学校的一个社区志愿者俱乐部,并介绍了该俱乐部的活动。
1.细节理解题。根据“The club gives us a chance (机会) to help people in need.”可知,Judy在这个俱乐部中帮助那些有需要的人。故选A。
2.细节理解题。根据“I think that is because I have two little sisters.”可知,Judy对孩子们很好的原因是她有两个小妹妹。故选C。
3.细节理解题。根据“Next term we will visit some old people.”和“They want us to read letters and books to them.”可知,下学期Judy会去拜访一些老人,给他们读书。故选C。
4.词句猜测题。根据“They can’t see anything.”可知,其中有些老人看不见,因此blind的意思应该是“失明的”。故选B。
5.最佳标题题。根据“My favourite club is the Community Volunteers Club.”及通读全文可知,本文主要讲述了Judy加入了学校的一个社区志愿者俱乐部,并介绍了该俱乐部的活动。故选D。
B
Yuanyuan is a 14-year-old girl from Hangzhou, Zhejiang. She is 1.55 metres tall and is about 60 kg. Yuanyuan’s mother worried about her, so she decided to help her by making her skip rope (跳绳) 1,000 times every day. “More exercise can also help her become thinner. I wanted her to be taller and thinner, so she could be healthier,” she said.
However, Yuanyuan’s mother didn’t see any results. Then when the summer holiday started, Yuanyuan’s mother asked her to do 1,000 jumps in the morning, 1,000 at noon and 1,000 in the evening. Three months later, Yuanyuan said her knees (膝盖) hurt. Her mother thought she was too lazy at first. However, when the doctor said her daughter had a meniscus injury (半月板损伤), she was worried.
Just like Yuanyuan, a 10-year-old boy got the same problem. His parents also worried about him, so they asked him to skip rope 2,000 to 3,000 times a day. In the end, the boy felt pain in his feet.
Doctors say that a child’s growth needs exercise, good sleep, healthy food and so on. Too much exercise is bad for their health.
( )6.What did Yuanyuan’s mother worry about in Paragraph 1?
A. Yuanyuan’s study. B.Yuanyuan’s friends.
C.Yuanyuan’s build. D.Yuanyuan’s sport.
( )7.What sport did Yuanyuan’s mother ask her to do?
A.To run. B.To do kung fu. C.To play soccer. D.To jump.
( )8.How was Yuanyuan during the summer holiday?
A.She was hurt. B.She was taller. C.She was thinner. D.She was healthier.
( )9.What does the underlined word “they” in Paragraph 3 refer to (指代)?
A. The boy and Yuanyuan. B.The boy’s parents.
C.The boy’s teachers. D.The boy’s friends.
( )10.What can we learn from the stories of Yuanyuan and the boy?
A.We should do lots of exercise to keep healthy.
B.We must eat well and have healthy food.
C.Too much exercise isn’t good for people.
D.Skipping rope 3,000 times every day is good.
【答案】6.C 7.D 8.A 9.B 10.C
【导语】本文介绍了当今一些青少年的父母为了健康让孩子们做了过多的运动而导致他们受伤,因此告诫我们运动需适量。
6.细节理解题。根据“More exercise can also help her become thinner. I wanted her to be taller and thinner, so she could be healthier”可知,圆圆的妈妈担心她的体型。故选C。
7.细节理解题。根据“Yuanyuan’s mother asked her to do 1,000 jumps in the morning, 1,000 at noon and 1,000 in the evening.”可知,圆圆的妈妈让她跳。故选D。
8.细节理解题。根据“However, when the doctor said her daughter had a meniscus injury (半月板损伤), she was worried.”可知,在暑假期间,圆圆因为跳绳受伤了。故选A。
9.词义猜测题。根据“His parents also worried about him, so they asked him to skip rope 2,000 to 3,000 times a day.”可知,前文提到了他的父母也很担心他,因此划线词指的是这个男孩的父母。故选B。
10. 细节理解题。根据“Too much exercise is bad for their health.”可知,过多的运动对人们的健康有害。故选C。
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