Unit 2 Section Ⅳ Extended reading & Project-【金版教程】2024-2025学年高中英语必修第三册创新导学案word（译林版2020）

Section Ⅳ　Extended reading & Project The Last Days of Pompeii 《庞贝城的末日》 (Excerpt) (节选) Edward Bulwer­Lytton (18031873) was a talented British writer who left his mark on the English language. 爱德华·布尔沃­利顿(1803～1873)是一位才华横溢的英国作家，他在英语语言上留下了自己的印记。 His classic novel The Last Days of Pompeii imagines life in the ancient Roman city of Pompeii in the year 79, when Mount Vesuvius erupted. 在其经典小说《庞贝城的末日》中，他对公元79年维苏威火山爆发时，古罗马城市庞贝的生活场景展开了想象。 •This terrible natural disaster destroyed Pompeii completely, but it also kept the ancient city as it was for future ages. 这场可怕的自然灾害彻底摧毁了庞贝古城，却又为后世保存了这座古城的原貌。 Since 1748, Pompeii has been systematically unearthed. 自1748年以来，庞贝古城被系统地发掘出来。 Today it is an international tourist destination. 今天，它是一个国际旅游目的地。 ①Roman adj. 古罗马的；罗马的　n. 古罗马人；罗马人 ②erupt vi.& vt. (火山)爆发；突然发生 ③unearth vt. 使出土，挖掘，发掘；发现，找到 ④destination n. 目的地，终点 ⑤连词but连接并列句；as引导方式状语从句。 Pompeii was a typical Roman city. 庞贝是一个典型的罗马城市。 In its little shops, its tiny palaces, its forum, its wine bars, its theatre—in the energy and skill of its people, you saw a model of the whole Roman Empire. 从它的小商店、小宫殿、广场、酒吧、剧院——从人民的活力和技艺，你可以看到整个罗马帝国的模型。 Trading ships bringing imports to the city or carrying exports overseas, along with golden pleasure boats for the rich, were crowded together in the glassy water of the port. 将进口货物运往城市或将出口货物运往海外的贸易船只，连同为富人准备的金色游艇，拥挤在港口明净如镜的水面上。 The boats of the fishermen moved rapidly in all directions. 渔民的船迅速地向四面八方移动。 Above all, the cloud­capped top of Mount Vesuvius appeared. 最重要的是，维苏威火山的高耸入云的顶端出现了。 •Its ashy rocks, now dark, now light, told a story of past eruptions that might have warned the city what was to come! 它的火山岩时而黑暗，时而明亮，诉说着过去火山几度喷发的故事，这本来可以警示这座城市的人们，灾难即将降临！ ⑥bar n. 酒吧；小馆子；吧台；条，块；栏杆；障碍　vt. 封；阻挡；阻止 ⑦import n. 进口产品，输入的产品；输入　vt.进口，引进 ⑧export n. 出口产品，输出的产品；出口，输出　vt. 出口，输出 ⑨port n. 港口，避风港；港口城市 ⑩cloud­capped adj. 高耸入云的，耸入云霄的 ⑪ashy adj. 覆盖着灰的；灰色的 ⑫that引导定语从句，修饰先行词a story of past eruptions; what引导宾语从句。 The awful night rolled slowly away, and the dawn greyly broke on THE LAST DAY OF POMPEII! 可怕的黑夜慢慢地过去了，庞贝城的末日破晓了！ The crowd looked upwards, and saw, with unspeakable fear, a huge cloud shooting from the top of the volcano. 人们带着难以言喻的恐惧向上看，看到一团巨大的云从火山顶部喷射出来。 It took the form of a huge tree: the trunk, blackness, the branches, fire! 它呈现一棵大树的形状：树干黑色的，树枝是火焰！ This fire moved and changed in colour with every moment: now it was wildly bright, now of a pale and dying red, and now again it burnt with an unbearable light! 这堆火每时每刻都在翻腾，颜色也在变化：一会儿非常明亮，一会儿又变得微弱，呈现熄灭之前的暗红，一会儿又烧起来发出难以忍受的强光！ ⑬dawn n. 黎明，破晓；开端，萌芽　vi. 开始；开始清楚 ⑭volcano n. 火山 ⑮take__the__form__of呈现……的形状；采取……的形式 ⑯trunk n. 树干 ⑰unbearable adj. 难耐的，无法忍受的 The cries of women broke out; the men looked at each other, but were silent. 女人们开始大哭；男人们面面相觑，沉默不语。 At that moment, they felt the earth shaking beneath their feet; beyond in the distance, they heard the crash of falling roofs. 就在那一刻，他们感到脚下的大地在震动；他们听到远处屋顶倒塌的声音。 A moment later, the mountain­cloud seemed to roll towards them, dark and rapid, like a river; at the same time, it threw out a shower of ashes and huge pieces of burning stone! 片刻之后，火山云似乎滚滚而来，又黑又急，像一条河；与此同时，它抛出了一阵阵灰烬和大块燃烧的石头！ Over the empty streets—over the forum—far and wide—with many a noisy crash in the stormy sea—fell that awful shower! 可怕的熔岩雨砸下来了，落在空荡荡的街道上、广场上，到处都是，落在波涛汹涌的大海里，发出阵阵巨响。 ⑱break__out 突然开始，爆发 ⑲beyond adv. 在(或向)较远处，在另一边 prep. 在(或向)更远处；超出；晚于；无法；超出……之外 ⑳distance n. 遥远，久远；距离；差异；疏远 far__and__wide 到处，各处 Each turned to fly—each running, pressing, pushing against the other. 每个人都转身逃跑——每个人都在奔跑，互相推挤着。 •If, in the darkness, wife was separated from husband, or parent from child, there was no hope of their meeting again. 如果在黑暗中，妻子和丈夫分开，父母和孩子分开，他们就没有再见面的希望了。 Each hurried blindly and fearfully on. 每个人都盲目地、恐惧地向前冲。 So came the earthquake ... and so ended life in Pompeii. 地震就这样来了……庞贝城的生活就这样结束了。 连词If引导条件状语从句。 Nearly seventeen centuries had rolled away before the city of Pompeii was dug from its silent resting place. 将近十七个世纪之后，庞贝城从它寂静的长眠之地被发掘出来。 Its walls were fresh as if painted yesterday; not a single colour changed on the rich pattern of its floors. 它的墙壁是洁净的，就像昨天刚刚粉刷过；地板上丰富的图案没有任何颜色的变化。 In its forum, the half­finished columns seemed as if just left by the workman's hand. 在它的广场上，半成品的柱子就像工人的手刚刚离开。 •Long after fire and ash came for the people of Pompeii, the remains of their beautiful city survive to remind us that human lives burn bright and short. 在大火和火山灰吞噬庞贝城的人们很久很久之后，他们美丽城市的遗迹幸存下来，提醒我们：人类的生命灿烂而短暂。 pattern n. 图案，花样；模式；范例；模型 column n. 柱，圆柱；柱状物；栏；专栏；队，列 连词after引导时间状语从句；that引导宾语从句。 1 erupt vi.& vt. (火山)爆发；突然发生(教材P25) 归纳拓展 情景助记 ①Then, without warning, she erupts into laughter. 然后，没有征兆地，她爆发出笑声。 ②Ash began to erupt from the crater. 火山灰开始从火山口喷出。 ③The eruption has left a thin veil of dust in the upper atmosphere. 这次火山喷发在上层大气中留下了一个薄薄的尘土层。 (1)单句语法填空 ①The region which had been relatively calm erupted ________ violence this spring. ②Larry and his wife were killed in the volcanic ________ (erupt), leaving their 5­year­old son alone in this world. 答案：①into　②eruption (2)单句表达 当火山爆发时，农民们正在山底劳作。 ____________________________， the farmers were working at the foot of the mountain. 答案：When the volcano erupted 2 take the form of 呈现……的形状，采取……的形式(教材P25) 归纳拓展 ①The training programme takes the form of a series of workshops. 培训课程采取一系列研讨会的形式。 ②The horse was clearly out of form. 这匹马显然状态不佳。 ③The whole team was on good form and deserved the win. 全队表现良好，获胜是理所当然的。 (1)句型转换 Dr Carter presented them either with a novel food or a threat in the form of a model of a poisonous snake. →Dr Carter presented them either with a novel food or a threat __________________ a model of a poisonous snake. 答案：taking the form of (2)单句表达 我们下一堂课将采用辩论的形式。 Our next class will ________________________ a debate. 答案：take the form of 3 break out 突然开始，爆发(教材P26) 归纳拓展 ①Fighting broken out between rival groups of fans. 双方球迷发生了打斗。 ②Negotiations between the two sides have broken down. 双方谈判失败了。 ③The meeting broke up at eleven o'clock. 会议在十一点散会。 ④We had our car broken into last week. 我们的车上周被撬了。 break out为不及物动词短语，没有被动语态。 单句语法填空 ①Her health broke ________ under the pressure of work. ②Burglars had broken ________ while we were away. ③As the President's car drew up, the crowd broke ________ loud applause. ④She broke ________ a piece of chocolate and gave it to me. 答案：①down　②in　③into　④off 4 distance n. 遥远，久远；距离；差异；疏远(教材P26) 归纳拓展 ①You'll never get the ball in from that distance. 你绝不可能从那么远的地方把球投进去。 ②The only way I can cope with my mother is at a distance. 我应付我妈妈的唯一方法就是与她保持距离。 ③We saw lights in the distance. 我们看到了远处的点点灯光。 ④Pat sounded very cold and distant on the phone. 从电话里听起来帕特非常冷淡和疏远。 (1)单句语法填空 ①We suddenly saw her in the ________ (distant)． ②As we passed by, a smell of bread drifted from some ________ (distance) bakery. ③The boy is my wife's cousin, so we are ________ (distance) related. 答案：①distance　②distant　③distantly (2)单句表达 像所有野生动物一样，北极熊应该在一个安全的距离拍摄。 Polar bears—like all wild animals—should be photographed ____________________． 答案：at/from a safe distance 5 rescue n．& vt. 救援，营救，抢救(教材P27) 归纳拓展 情景助记 ①He came to our rescue with a loan of $1，000. 他带着1，000美元借款来帮助我们。 ②Within minutes of the tornado happening, an emergency rescue team left the station to help. 龙卷风来袭仅几分钟，一支紧急救援队就离开兵站前去救援。 ③He rescued a child from drowning. 他救起了一名落水儿童。 (1)单句语法填空 ①The firefighters came ________ my rescue when I was at the edge of losing hope. ②I owe him many thanks for rescuing me ________ the embarrassment at Tony's wedding ceremony. 答案：①to　②from (2)单句表达 在未来，我将成为一名救死扶伤的好医生，献身于我的工作。 In the future, I will be a good doctor to heal the wounded and __________________， devoting myself to my work. 答案：rescue the dying 6 locate vt. 找出……的准确位置，把……安置在(建造于)(教材P27) 归纳拓展 情景助记 ①Rescue planes are trying to locate the missing sailors. 救援飞机正在努力查明失踪水手的下落。 ②The information office is located in the city centre. 咨询处位于市中心。 ③What is the exact location of the ship? 那条船的确切位置在哪里？ ④The movie was shot entirely on location in Italy. 这部影片完全是在意大利拍摄外景的。 (1)单句语法填空 ①Sichuan Province is ________ (locate) in southwestern part of China. ②You'll often get to stay in a central ________ (locate) with security and comfort. 答案：①located　②location (2)单句表达 失物招领处的办公时间为周一至周五早上7：30到下午5：00，位于罗马街车站。 The lost property office is open Monday to Friday 7：30 am to 5：00 pm and ________________ Roma Street station. 答案：is located at Ⅰ.根据语境及汉语提示和首字母提示完成句子 1．Mornings in our house always follow a set ________ (模式)． 答案：pattern 2．Ellis Island has become one of America's most popular tourist ________ (目的地)． 答案：destinations 3．The country has to ________ (进口) most of its raw materials. 答案：import 4．A lot of our land is used to grow crops for ________ (出口). 答案：export 5．The ________ (避风港) is vital to supply relief to millions of drought victims. 答案：port 6．The players are b________ from drinking alcohol the night before a match. 答案：barred 7．The v________ erupted in 1980, devastating a large area of Washington state. 答案：volcano 8．This pine tree looks tall and strong but actually its t________ is hollow. 答案：trunk 9．The exercise was b________ the abilities of most of the class. 答案：beyond 10．She was forced to r________ early from teaching because of ill health. 答案：retire Ⅱ.单句语法填空 1．I will think about how Stephen Harking managed to live a normal life and made great achievements whenever my life feels ________ (bear)． 答案：unbearable 2．The hotel is centrally ________ (locate) for all major attractions. 答案：located 3．The number of students in some rural schools have decreased ________ (sharp) in recent years. 答案：sharply 4．Pompeii, once a busy and wealthy city, was completely destroyed in the volcanic ________ (erupt)． 答案：eruption 5．Glowing plants could reduce this ________ (distant) and therefore help save energy. 答案：distance 6．Both of the window screens were ________ (ash) and you would feel dim when looking out of window. 答案：ashy 7．Fossil hunters have ________ (earth) the bones of an elephant believed to be 500，000 years old. 答案：unearthed 8．After getting lost in a storm, a member of the navy team was ________ (rescue) four days later. 答案：rescued 9．They have spread their net far ________ wide in the search for a new team coach. 答案：and 10．Scientists think they are beginning to break ________ in the fight against cancer. 答案：through Ⅲ.单句表达 1．我认为战争可能会爆发。 I think a war is likely ______________． 答案：to break out 2．当严谨性以达到期望的形式出现时，它会阻碍创造力。 When conscientiousness ________________________ living up to expectations, it can discourage creativity. 答案：takes the form of 3．然后，这个人把这本书放在一个公共场所，希望它会有一次冒险，和每一个发现它的新读者一起到处旅行。 Then the person leaves it in a public place, hoping that the book will have an adventure, traveling ________________ with each new reader who finds it. 答案：far and wide 4．她是第一位在奥运会上获得金牌的女性。 She was the first woman ________________________________ in the Olympic Games. 答案：to win the gold medal 5．我和他不太熟，不便请他帮忙。 I don't know him ____________________ him for help. 答案：well enough to ask 课后课时作业 Ⅰ　阅读 Standing on the ruins (废墟) after the fire where his house had been, Peter Ruprecht admittedW1 that he was not sure how or when to rebuild. He was still shocked by what Australia's increasingly changeable climate had already delivered: first a drought, then a destructive bush fire, then a foot of rain from a storm. “It's unstoppable，” said Mr Ruprecht, a former dairy farmer. “We speak about the warmth of Mother Nature, but nature can also be vicious and wild and unforgiving.” 　Australia's hellish (地狱的) fire season has eased (缓和), but its people are facing more than a single disaster. With floods destroying homes not far from where fires recently spread, they are facing a cycle of what scientists call “compound extremes”： one climate disaster strengthening the next. Warmer temperatures do more than just dry outP1 the land. They also heat up the atmosphere, which means clouds hold more moisture (水汽) for longer periods of time. So droughts get worse, giving way toP2 fires, then to heavy rains that the land is too dry to absorb. 　Many Australians in disaster zones complainW2 that their government, after ignoring climate change for years, has not yet to draw up recovery plans that are clear and that take future threats into account. At the same time, the economic costs of a changing climate are rising quickly. Philip Lowe, the governor of the Reserve Bank of Australia, warned recently that Australia was already paying a price, and that it would only go up. 篇章导读：本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要介绍了澳大利亚一系列极端气候灾害，包括它的成因，危害以及造成的经济损失等。 1．Why Peter Ruprecht is mentioned in the beginning? A．To arouse readers' pity. B．To introduce the topic. C．To stress the problem. D．To call on readers to help. 答案：B　推理判断题。根据第一段“Standing on the ruins (废墟) after the fire ... first a drought, then a destructive bush fire, then a foot of rain from a storm.”可知，Peter Ruprecht(彼得·普鲁雷希特)的房子着火后，他站在废墟上，承认他不知道如何或何时进行重建。澳大利亚日益变化的气候已经造成了这样的后果，他仍然很震惊：先是干旱，然后是毁灭性的丛林大火，接着是一场下了一英尺的暴风雨。由此可推知，提到Peter Ruprecht是为了引出话题：澳大利亚的气候灾难。故选B。 2．Which word can replace the underlined word “vicious” in Paragraph 2? A．grateful B．advanced C．responsible D．forcible 答案：D　词义猜测题。根据第二段第二句“We speak about the warmth of Mother Nature, but nature can also be vicious and wild and unforgiving.”可知，我们谈论的是大自然母亲的温暖，但大自然也可能是邪恶的、野性的和无情的。根据“wild and unforgiving”以及“but”可推知，vicious的意思具有贬义色彩，结合选项可知，vicious与D项意思相近，意为“狂暴的，残酷的”。故选D。 3．What is the main cause of “compound extremes” in Australia? A．Government inaction. B．Warmer temperature. C．The lack of money. D．No recovery plans. 答案：B　细节理解题。根据第四段“Warmer temperatures do ... that the land is too dry to absorb.”可知，温度升高导致了复合极端天气。故选B。 4．Where is the text probably from? A．A guidebook. B．A travel journal. C．A news report. D．A book review. 答案：C　推理判断题。全文描述了澳大利亚的极端气候灾难，它的成因，危害以及造成的经济损失等，属于实时报道。由此可推知，本文应出自一篇新闻报道。故选C。 W重点单词 1．admit v. 承认 2．complain v. 抱怨 P重点短语 1．dry out (使)变干 2．give way to 让位给；被……代替 Ⅱ　七选五 Earthquakes strike without warning and are among the most destructive natural disasters. Keeping calm and proper reaction can sometimes save your life. To ride out an earthquake, remember the phrase “drop, cover, and hold on.” __1__ 1．Move away from buildings, street lights, power lines, and bridges. __2__ As soon as the ground begins shaking, try to get as far away as possible from any nearby structures. Do not seek shelter under a bridge or overpass. 2．Crouch down low in a wide open area until the shaking stops. Once you've made your way away from nearby structures, get on your hands and knees and cover your head. See if there are any objects nearby to use as a shield (遮蔽物), such as a trash can lid. __3__ 3．__4__ As you go out after the earthquake, be careful of broken glass, rubble, downed power lines, fallen trees, and any other potential danger. Check yourself and anyone nearby for injuries. If necessary, perform first aid and call emergency services. 4．Get to higher ground if you're on the shore or near a dam. Earth quakes can cause tsunamis, so put distance between yourself and the coast. If a shaking lasts more than 20 seconds. __5__ Get to ground that's at least 100 ft (30m) above sea level or 2 miles (3.2km) from the shore. A．Drop to your hands and knees under a table or desk. B．Watch out for danger as you observe your surroundings. C．If possible, grab a pillow, sofa cushion, or another object to cover your face and head. D．Here are four tips helping you survive an earthquake if you are outdoors. E．Don't wait for an alarm or warning to escape. F．The most dangerous locations during an earthquake are areas immediately around buildings. G．If none are available, cover your head and neck with your hands and arms. 篇章导读：本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了几种在户外遇到地震时的逃生方式。 1．D　上文提到为了安然渡过地震，记住这句话：蹲下，找遮蔽物，坚持住。D项(如果你在户外，这里有四个帮助你度过地震的小贴士。)承接上文。故选D。 2．F　上文提到远离建筑物、路灯、电线和桥梁。F项(地震中最危险的位置是建筑物附近的区域。)承接上文。故选F。 3．G　上文提到看看附近有没有什么东西可以作为护身之用，比如垃圾桶盖。G项(如果没有，用你的手和胳膊护住你的头和脖子。)承接上文。故选G。 4．B　下文提到地震后外出时，小心碎玻璃、碎石、倒下的电线、倒下的树和其他潜在的危险。B项(当你观察周围环境时，要小心危险。)引起下文。故选B。 5．E　上文提到如果摇晃持续超过20秒，E项(不要等待警报或警告。)承接上文，且呼应下文去到海拔至少100英尺(30米)或2英里(3.2公里)的地面。故选E。 Ⅲ　读后续写 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 When a tornado (龙卷风) touched down in a small own nearby, many families ware left completed ruined. Afterward all the local newspapers carried many human­interest stories featuring some of the families who suffered the hardest. One Sunday, a particular picture especially touched me. A young woman stood in front of an entirely shattered (破碎的) mobile home, a depressed expression on her face. A young boy, seven or eight years old stood at her side, eyes downward. Clutching (紧握) at her skirt was a tiny girl who stared into the camera, eyes wide with confusion and fear. 　The article that went with the picture gave the clothing sizes of each family member. With growing interest, I noticed that their sizes closely matched ours. This would be a good opportunity to teach my children to help those less fortunate than themselves. I stuck the picture of the young family on our refrigerator, explaining their difficulty to my seven­year­old twins, Brad and Brett, and to three­year­old Meghan. “These poor people now have nothing，” I said. “We'll share what we have with them. I brought three large boxes down from the room upstairs and placed them on the living room floor. Meghan watched seriously, as the boys and I filled one of the boxes with canned goods and foods.” 　While I sorted through our clothes, I encouraged the boys to go through their toys and donate some of their less favorite things. Meghan watched quietly as the boys piled up old toys and games. 　Meghan walked up with Lucy, her worn, much­loved rag doll hugged tightly to her chest. She came to the box that held the toys, pressed her round little face into Lucy's flat, painted­on­face, gave her a final kiss, then laid her gently on top of the other toys. “Oh, Honey，” I said. “You don't have to give Lucy. You love her so much.” Meghan nodded seriously, eyes filled with held­back tears. “Lucy makes me happy, Mommy. Maybe she'll make that other little girl happy, too.” 注意： 1．续写词数应为150左右； 2．请按如下格式在相应位置作答. The boys had watched, open­mouthed, as their baby sister placed her favorite doll in the box.　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 I looked my children for a long moment.　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 写前导读：本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者为灾区的受灾群众捐衣服时惊讶地发现，孩子们很善良。作者的儿子们看到妹妹捐出自己最爱的娃娃，他们有什么行动？从孩子们的行为中作者领悟到了什么？ [精彩范文] The boys had watched, open­mouthed, as their baby sister placed her favorite doll in the box. Without a word, Brad rose and went to his room. He came back carrying one of his favorite action figures. He hesitated briefly, catching the toy, then looked over at Meghan and placed it in the box next to Lucy. A slow smile spread across Brett's face. Then he jumped up, eyes twinkling as he ran to fetch some of his prized Matchbox cars. Astonished, I realized that the boys had also recognized what little Meghan's gesture meant. I looked my children for a long moment. Swallowing back tears, I pulled all three of them into my arms. Inspired by my little ones, I removed my old jacket from the box of clothes. I replaced it with the new hunter green jacket that I had found on sale last week I hoped the young woman in the picture would love it as much as I did. It's easy to give what we don't want any more, but harder to let go of things we cherish. However, the true spirit of giving is to give with your heart. 7 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$