Unit 2 Section Ⅱ Grammar and usage-【金版教程】2024-2025学年高中英语必修第三册创新导学案word（译林版2020）

Section Ⅱ　Grammar and usage Ⅰ.重点词汇 1．an amount of sth that is provided or available to be used——n. supply 2．a strong feeling of surprise as a result of sth happening, especially sth unpleasant; the event that causes this feeling——n. shock 3．to frighten sb——vt.& vi. scare 4．an organization for helping people in need——n. charity 5．to give money, food, clothes, etc. to sb/sth, especially a charity——vt. donate 6．a large official meeting, usually lasting for a few days, at which people with the same work or interests come together to discuss their views——n. conference 7．run__out__of 用完，耗尽 Ⅱ.教材原句 1．I was staying in Atlanta, and that was one of the cities ______________ (被袭击)． 答案：to be hit 2．That morning, I turned on the TV for some local news, ________________ (结果却听说) that a hurricane was on its way. 答案：only to hear 3．The roads were blocked, so there was nothing for me to do ________________ (只好待在屋里)． 答案：but stay inside 4．They arrived at the airport only to find the flight had been cancelled ____________________ (由于暴风雪)． 答案：due to the snowstorm 5．Mr Li described the hurricane ________________ (详细描述)． 答案：in great detail 6．He also mentioned a charity event to ____________________ (筹集资金) for the disaster area. 答案：raise funds 7．Is it true that the __________________ (紧急救援) provided everyone with sleeping bags? 答案：emergency services 8．Nothing was left ________________ (完整的)． 答案：in one piece 1 shock n. 震惊，惊愕；剧烈震动　vt. 使震惊(教材P20) 归纳拓展 情景助记 ①The news of my promotion came as a shock. 我获晋升的消息着实让我一惊。 ②He isn't seriously injured but he is in shock. 他伤得不重，但处于休克中。 ③We were all shocked at the news of his death. 听到他的死讯，我们都感到震惊。 ④I'm going to say something fairly shocking. 我要讲述相当震惊的事情。 (1)单句语法填空 ①Jones was ________ (shock) when she said that she didn't actually mind being cheated. ②He was found beaten and ________ shock. 答案：①shocked　②in (2)单句表达 ①它是个令人震惊的故事，我们都感到震惊。 It was __________________， and we all ____________________． ②听说她的好朋友患了癌症，她很震惊。 ____________________ that her good friend was attacked with cancer. 答案：①a shocking story; got shocked　②It shocked her to hear 2 scare vt.& vi. 惊吓，害怕　n. 恐慌；惊吓(教材P20) 归纳拓展 情景助记 ①It scared me to think I was alone in the building. 想到楼里只有我一个人，怪害怕的。 ②She moved quietly to avoid scaring the birds away. 她动作很轻，不想把鸟儿吓走。 ③Local businesses were scared into paying protection money. 当地商家迫于威胁缴纳了保护费。 ④People are scared to use the buses late at night. 人们害怕在深夜乘坐公共汽车。 ⑤He looks scary but he's really a gentle giant. 他看上去可怕，实际却是个性格温和的巨人。 (1)单句语法填空 ①I was ________ (scare) at the thought of living with loads of new people for three months. ②Sometimes loud noises like these will scare bears ________． 答案：①scared　②away/off (2)单句表达 她不敢走进院子里，因为她怕被躺在门口的大狗咬着。 She ____________________________ the yard because she ____________________ bitten by the big dog lying at the gate. 答案：was scared to go into; was scared of being 3 power n. 电，电力；权力；政权；控制力；能力；能量；力量(教材P20) 归纳拓展 情景助记 ①The present regime has been in power for two years. 现政权已经执政两年了。 ②The party came to power at the last election. 这个政党是在上次大选中当选执政的。 ③You're a powerful man—people will listen to you. 你是个有影响力的人，人们会听你的。 易混辨析：power/strength/force/energy power 表示政权、权力，还可泛指做某事的能力，也可表示物理学中的动力、功率 strength 强调一个人所具有的力量、力气 force 表示为克服阻力使事物运动而实际发出或施加的力量，即物理学中的力；也可表示兵力、势力、武力、影响力、效力 energy 表示人的精力、活力和物理学中的能、能量、能源 ①A car needs a lot of power to go fast. 汽车高速行驶需要很大动力。 ②He hasn't got enough strength to get out of bed. 他没有足够的力气下床。 ③We had to use force to get into the house. 我们不得不强行进屋。 ④She had started to devote her energy to teaching rather than performing. 她已经开始将精力投入到教学而不是表演中。 (1)单句语法填空 ①Jennifer is a first­generation graduate and an inspiration to her family—and that's pretty ________ (power)． ②The president of the country was well thought of when he was ________ power. 答案：①powerful　②in (2)选词填空(power/strength/force/energy) ①The boy gathered his ________ to stand up. ②The rioters were taken away by ________． ③Old as he is, he has so much ________ that he can work 14 hours a day. ④As we all know, knowledge is ________． 答案：①strength　②force　③energy　④power (3)一句多译 中国共产党在中国执政100年了。 It is one hundred years since the Chinese Communist Party __________________ in China. ＝The Chinese Communist Party __________________ in China for one hundred years. 答案：came into power; has been in power 4 run out of 用完，耗尽(教材P20) 归纳拓展 ①I have run out of my money. Could you lend me some? 我的钱已经用光了。你能借我一些吗？ ②We had the misfortune to run into a violent storm. 我们不幸遭遇了猛烈的暴风雨。 ③David tore down the street to run after the thief. 大卫冲到街上去追赶小偷。 ④You can't just run away from the situation. 你不能就这样逃避现实。 易混辨析：run out of/run out/use up run out of 主语为人，并且常用主动语态 run out 相当于give out，主语为物，无被动语态 use up 主语为人用主动语态，主语为物则用被动语态 (1)单句语法填空 ①The gasoline is running ________； let's fill the car up at the next gas station. ②When he was running ________ his brother, the boy lost his balance and had a bad fall. ③Running ________ is our natural reaction when we meet danger. ④Don't be frightened to ask your teacher for help if you run ________ any trouble at school. 答案：①out　②after　③away　④into/across (2)同义句转换 We've nearly run out of paper. Do you think there's enough for today? →We've nearly ____________ paper. Do you think there's enough for today? →Paper has nearly ____________. Do you think there's enough for today? →Paper has nearly __________________. Do you think there's enough for today? 答案：used up; run out; been used up 5 supply n. 补给，补给品；供应；供应量，储备　vt. 供应，供给，提供(教材P20) 归纳拓展 情景助记 ①The UN has agreed to allow the supply of emergency aid. 联合国已同意允许提供紧急援助。 ②Food is in short supply all over the country. 食品在全国各地都供应不足。 ③A pipeline will supply the major cities with Russian natural gas. 一条管道将为各主要城市供应俄罗斯天然气。 (1)单句语法填空 ①It is said that book on popular science are ________ short supply. ②The aim of school education should be to supply students ________ a value system—not to prepare them for a special job. 答案：①in　②with (2)一句多译 现在找出你认为最有效的解决办法向非洲供应淡水。 Now tick the solutions that you think are most effective to ____________________________． ＝Now tick the solutions that you think are most effective to ______________________________． 答案：supply Africa with fresh water; supply fresh water to Africa 6 donate vt. 捐赠，赠送；献(血)(教材P20) 归纳拓展 情景助记 ①He frequently donates large sums to charity. 他经常向慈善机构大笔捐款。 ②Employees make regular donations to charity. 员工们定期向慈善机构捐赠物品。 ③Doctors removed the healthy kidney from the donor. 医生从捐献者体内取出了健康的肾脏。 单句语法填空 ①And then he would donate them ________ folks who could truly use them but didn't have the budget to buy one. ②Pruitt tries to give his ________ (donate) to families that are truly struggling. ③To this day the name of the ________ (donate) remains in a sealed envelope. 答案：①to　②donations　③donor Grammar　动词不定式作定语和结果状语 语法体验 单句语法填空 1．They were worried that I was too selfish ________ (give)． 答案：to give 2．There may not be enough things ________ (choose) from. 答案：to choose 3．Researchers have a good way ________ (deal) with this problem. 答案：to deal 4．Most parents will have eagerly asked their child about their day, only ________ (meet) with a “good”， quickly followed by “I'm hungry”． 答案：to meet 5．I woke up at midnight ________ (find) a swimming pool in my tent. 答案：to find 6．I was old enough ________ (work) and earn money. 答案：to work 语法讲座 一、动词不定式作定语 动词不定式作定语，一般后置，修饰前面的名词或代词，其逻辑主语往往是被修饰的名词或代词。 1．不定式作定语常表示该动作将要发生。 I have nothing to say. 我没有什么要说的。 2．动词不定式常用来修饰被序数词、形容词最高级或only, last, next等修饰的名词或代词。 He was the first student to come into the classroom this morning. 他是今早第一个进入教室的学生。 He was the best man to do the job. 他是做这项工作的最佳人选。 3．动词不定式常用来修饰抽象名词，常见的有ability, decision, chance, idea, fact, excuse, promise, answer, reply, attempt, belief, way, reason, moment, time等。 My attempt to fix it sent Lawrence into fits of laughter. 我尝试着修理它，逗得劳伦斯笑得前仰后合。 Who took the decision to go ahead with the project? 是谁决定继续这项工程的？ 4．动词不定式与其所修饰的词有时构成逻辑上的动宾关系；如果该不定式的动词为不及物动词时，其后须加上适当的介词，构成动词短语。 I have a meeting to attend. 我有一个会议要参加。 I need a piece of paper to write on. 我需要一张写字的纸。 5．当作定语的动词不定式所修饰的名词或代词是不定式动作的承受者时，不定式既可以用主动语态，也可以用被动语态，但其含义有所不同。 I have something to type. 我有东西要打印。(动词不定式to type的动作执行者是“我”) I have something to be typed. 我有东西要(自己或别人)打印。(动词不定式to be typed的动作执行者是“我”或“别人”) 二、动词不定式作结果状语 1．动词不定式作结果状语时，通常用基本形式，且总是出现在句尾，其逻辑主语就是句子的主语。结果状语常常只限于learn (得知), find (发现), see (看见), hear (听), to be told (被告知), make (使得)等非延续性动词。 He returned home to learn his daughter had just been engaged. 他回到家得知他女儿刚刚订婚了。 2．动词不定式作结果状语常用在以下结构中： (1)only to do结构，表示意想不到的结果。 I rushed all the way to school, only to find it was Saturday that day. 我一路跑去学校，结果却发现那天是周六。 (2)so/such ... as to do结构 Would you be so kind as to do me a favor? 你如此好心，帮帮忙好吗？ (3)enough to do结构 The food wasn't enough to satisfy his hunger. 这食物不足以让他解饿。 (4)too ... to ... 结构 You are never too old to set another goal or to dream a new dream. 设定新目标，梦见新的梦想永远都不会为时过晚。 (5)never to ... 结构 Ultimately, the original watch disappeared, never to be seen again. 最终，原来的那块表失踪了，再也找不到了。 (1)单句语法填空 ①It is too early ________ (tell) if the calves will make good candidates to be returned to protected areas of the wild. ②What's more, walking in the nature reserve, you have a chance ________ (see) rare animals like giant pandas, golden monkeys. ③In conclusion, we should have a good understanding of its advantages and disadvantages and find a proper way ________ (make) our study more efficient. ④At this point, it is not clear why dogs seem to be equipped with the ability ________ (recognize) different facial expressions in humans. ⑤I turned back to the tractor only ________ (see) it move suddenly away from me. 答案：①to tell　②to see　③to make　④to recognize　⑤to see (2)单句表达 ①天气还是有点太冷了，不适合他们走到户外。 It's still a little __________________________ out into the open. ②国家航天局表示，“祝融号”火星车将继续向乌托邦平原南部的古海陆交界地带行驶，实施拓展任务。 The CNSA added that the rover will continue to move to the boundary zone between the ancient sea and land in the southern part of Utopia Planitia ______________ tasks. ③辽宁省的一所警察培训学院正在为50多只警犬队落选狗狗寻找归宿。 A police training academy in northeastern Liaoning Province is looking for permanent homes for over 50 canines that ______________________ the official canine team. ④没有什么事值得发愁的。 There's nothing ____________________． ⑤我们还不至于傻到相信他的话。 We are not __________________ believe him. 答案：①too cold for them to go　②to carry out　③failed the exam to join　④to be worried about　⑤such fools as to Ⅰ.根据语境及汉语提示完成句子 1．People were swimming in the ocean despite the ________ (飓风) warning. 答案：hurricane 2．The largest ________ (会议) room could seat 5，000 people. 答案：conference 3．How many full­time ________ (全体职工) have we got? 答案：staff 4．The government announced the setting up of a special ________ (基金)． 答案：fund 5．Eric lost his footing and began to ________ (滑行) into the pit. 答案：slide Ⅱ.单句语法填空 1．Nothing is too small ________ (celebrate). 答案：to celebrate 2．Volunteering gives you a chance ________ (change) lives, including your own. 答案：to change 3．He hurried to the booking office only ________ (tell) that all the tickets had been sold out. 答案：to be told 4．It gave me an excuse ________ (take) the car. 答案：to take 5．A local businessman stepped in with a large ________ (donate) for the school. 答案：donation Ⅲ.单句表达 1．担心地球燃料即将用尽被证明是没有根据的。 Fears that the world was about to __________________ proved groundless. 答案：run out of fuel 2．这个学期结束前，我要做很多阅读练习。 I have a lot of readings ____________ before the end of this term. 答案：to complete 3．我们被邀请参加下星期五在我们俱乐部举行的晚会。 We are invited to a party ______________ in our club next Friday. 答案：to be held 4．这个男孩够大了，可以自己照顾自己。 The boy is old enough ____________________． 答案：to take care of himself 5．他学习如此努力，因此通过了这次考试。 He studied so hard ______________ the examination. 答案：as to pass 课后课时作业 Ⅰ　完形填空 Earthquakes are common; thousands of them happen each day. But most are __1__ weak to feel. During a big earthquake, there is often a great noise first. Then the earth __2__ terribly and many houses __3__ down. Railway tracks break and trains go __4__ lines; a great many factories are __5__； thousands of deaths are caused, and many more lose homes ... Besides the great damage and deaths caused by the earthquake __6__， other disasters such as fires often __7__. More buildings are destroyed and more __8__ caused. It is well known of the dangers of a possible earthquake, and for centuries man has been making researches on earthquakes. More than 2，000 years ago, __9__， a Chinese scientist named Zhang Heng __10__ a machine which could find out from which direction the seismic waves had come, and this machine is still __11__ by scientists today. Now we know much more about earthquakes and __12__ they happen, but we still cannot __13__ exactly when and where an earthquake will happen, and cannot __14__ it from happening. So earthquakes are among the __15__ disasters in the world. No one can stop natural earthquakes. However, scientists can help stop earthquakes destroying whole cities and causing too many deaths. 篇章导读：本文是一篇说明文。地震不可预知，但同时造成的灾难非常大。 1．A.very B．too C．quite D．so 答案：B　有些地震太弱了，以至于人们感觉不到。too ... to ... 意为“太……而不能……”。故选B。 2．A.moves B．shakes C．jumps D．breaks 答案：B　由常识可知，发生地震时，地面在晃动(shake)。故选B。 3．A.get B．put C．set D．fall 答案：D　地震导致房屋倒塌(fall down)。get down “下来”；put down “放下”；set down “记下，写下”。故选D。 4．A.off B．on C．into D．behind 答案：A　根据“Railway tracks break”可知，铁轨断了，火车脱轨了。故选A。 5．A.burst B．struck C．destroyed D．buried 答案：C　工厂被破坏。burst “爆发”；strike “袭击，攻击”；destroy “破坏”；bury “埋”。故选C。 6．A.lonely B．later C．themselves D．itself 答案：D　与后文的火灾相对应，强调地震本身(itself)造成的破坏。故选D。 7．A.follow B．copy C．come D．enter 答案：A　此处表示伴随地震而来的灾害，用follow “跟着”。故选A。 8．A.quakes B．deaths C．difficulties D．results 答案：B　火灾随之而来，在原来地震造成的房屋倒塌和人员死亡的基础上有更多的房屋倒塌和人员伤亡。故选B。 9．A.as a result B．in fact C．for example D．as well 答案：C　根据后文张衡发明地动仪来预测地震可知，这是作者举例说明人类对地震所做的研究。故选C。 10．A.invented B．discovered C．found D．bought 答案：A　这里指张衡发明了一台仪器。invent “发明”；discover “发现”；find “发现，找到”；buy “买”。故选A。 11．A.improved B．repaired C．protected D．used 答案：D　现代的科学家仍然在使用张衡发明的地动仪。故选D。 12．A.where B．when C．what D．why 答案：D　根据后文的“when and where”判断，此空选why。故选D。 13．A.speak B．tell C．talk D．point 答案：B　tell “确切地判断”，这里指但我们仍不能确切判断何时何地会发生地震。故选B。 14．A.make B．prepare C．stop D．let 答案：C　我们知道为什么会发生地震，但无法预测它什么时间，在哪里发生，也无法阻止它发生。stop ... from doing ... “阻止……做……”。故选C。 15．A.worst B．best C．most D．fastest 答案：A　无法准确预测何时发生，故认为地震是最严重的灾难之一。故选A。 Ⅱ　阅读 A Using 1900 as a starting point, here's a look at some of the most powerful and destructive hurricanes in the last 120 years in the US. Most powerful hurricanes Hurricane Camille, which landed on August 17, 1969 near Waveland, Mississippi, is the most powerful storm to strike the Gulf Coast. Camille is one of the four category (级别)­5 hurricanes ever to make a landing in the US, the others being the 1935 Labor Day Hurricane, Hurricane Andrew in 1992 and Hurricane Michael in 2018. According to the National Weather Service, the actual wind speed of Hurricane Camille might be around 175 mph along the coast. Until the arrival of Hurricane Katrina, Camille's more than 24­foot storm wave in Pass Christian, Mississippi, held the record. Katrina's storm wave along the Mississippi coast reached 30 feet. Costliest hurricanes Hurricane Katrina is not only the costliest­ever US hurricane but also the most expensive natural disaster in the country's history. Not only did it cost as many as 1，836 lives and leave millions of people homeless, but it also caused $160 billion in damages. Katrina landed near the Gulf Coast on August 29，2005 as a category­3 storm. The hurricane's record­breaking waves flooded 80% of the city. Deadliest hurricanes The category­4 Hurricane Galveston made a surprising landing along the Texas coast on September 8，1900.It caused a 16­foot storm wave and its wind speed reached 150 mph. A large part of the city of Galveston, Texas, was left in ruins. The number of death reached 12，000 on Galveston Island and the mainland. It remains the deadliest weather disaster in the US history as it gave the people no time to move out. 篇章导读：本文是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了自1900年以来，美国最强大、最具破坏性的飓风。 1．How many category­5 storms have stricken the US since 1900? A．1. B．2. C．3. D．4. 答案：D　细节理解题。根据Most powerful hurricanes中第一段最后一句中的“Camille is one of the four category (级别)­5 hurricanes ever to make a landing in the US”可知，自1900年以来，已有4次5级飓风袭击美国。故选D。 2．Which is the costliest hurricane in the US? A．Hurricane Camille. B．Hurricane Andrew. C．Hurricane Katrina. D．Labor Day Hurricane. 答案：C　细节理解题。根据Costliest hurricanes中第一段第一句中的“Hurricane Katrina is not only the costliest­ever US hurricane”可知，给美国造成损失最大的飓风是Hurricane Katrina(卡特里娜飓风)。故选C。 3．Why has Hurricane Galveston become the deadliest weather disaster in the US? A．It has caught the people by surprise. B．It has caused the biggest waves. C．It has had the highest wind speed. D．It has brought in the heaviest rainfall. 答案：A　细节理解题。根据Deadliest hurricanes中第一段第一句“The category­4 Hurricane Galveston made a surprising landing along the Texas coast on September 8, 1900.”和第二段最后一句“It remains the deadliest weather disaster in the US history as it gave the people no time to move out.”可知，因为让人们措手不及，所以Hurricane Galveston(加尔维斯顿飓风)成为美国最致命的气象灾害。故选A。 B Sweat rolled off my forehead as my younger brother and I sat under the tree. “Hi, Jason，” said my brother, Chad. “Do you hear the train？” I listened, but I heard only thunder in the distanceP1.It was still miles away, but I heard it. It grew stronger and louder as it gained speed and got closer. How could that be? I wondered. We were about to grab our bikes to see what it actually was when we stopped. What looked like a flock of birds darkened the sky overhead. When I looked at it closer, I realized it wasn't birds. It was a tornado (龙卷风). The hairs on the back of my neck stood up as the air turned green and heavy. The sun disappearedW1. The wind strengthenedW2 and roared. I grabbed Chad's arm and pulled him toward the house. I tried to open the door, but it was as if an invisible (看不见的) force pushed against me. The door refused to open. When we finally managed to get inside, we found it was as dark as night. Our family had practiced a tornado safety plan many times. But I had never imagined that it would be just Chad and me at home the first time we needed to use it. “Inside the closet！” I yelled. It was small and crowded, but we got in it anyway. Chad began to cry. “It's going to be all right.” I told him. But I was worried about Mom. I hope she'd found a safe place to wait out the storm. The storm continued. I heard a thunder on the roof. I felt the whole house shaking. Then it was quiet. I opened the door and we inched our way out of the closet. Rain had got in through the open window and wet the carpets. A kitchen window had shattered, its screen blown away. I looked at the backyard. The tree was uprooted, and broken branches lay on the ground. “Jason, I can't get service，” Chad said as he held the phone in his hand. We had no electricity, either. I glanced atP2 the wall clock. Had it been only 20 minutes since we'd first heard the thunder? Then I heard footsteps toward the house. Mom had made it home safely. “Boys！” she yelled. “Are you all right？” We ran out and hugged her. The sun came out, and this time it shone bright and clear. 篇章导读：本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述作者Jason(杰森)在龙卷风来临时冷静应对，保护自己和弟弟，直到脱离危险。 4．When the tornado struck, ________． A．the boys felt terrified and asked for help B．a flock of birds darkened the sky overhead C．the boys protected themselves in a safe place D．the sound of the train grew stronger and louder 答案：C　细节理解题。根据第五段第一、二句“‘Inside the closet！’ I yelled. It was small and crowded, but we got in it anyway.(我喊道：‘到壁橱里去！’它又小又挤，但我们还是挤了进去。)”可知，当龙卷风袭来时，男孩们找到一个安全的地方保护自己。故选C。 5．What can we learn from the passage? A．Mom had trouble in finding the boys. B．Jason knew how to deal with a tornado. C．The tornado lasted for over half an hour. D．Their house was flooded by the heavy rain. 答案：B　推理判断题。根据第四段第四句“Our family had practiced a tornado safety plan many times.”可知，作者家里已经多次实施龙卷风安全计划。由此可推知，作者知道如何应对龙卷风。故选B。 6．Which of the following words can best describe Jason? A．Calm and thoughtful. B．Cautious and curious. C．Dependent and sensitive. D．Creative and active. 答案：A　推理判断题。根据第五段“‘Inside the closet！’ ... to wait out the storm.”可知，当龙卷风袭来时，Jason虽然很害怕，但是他保持冷静，找到一个安全的地方保护自己和弟弟，并且在弟弟因害怕而哭泣的时候安抚他，还一边担心着妈妈的安全。由此可推知，他是一个冷静又体贴的人。故选A。 W重点单词 1．disappear vi. 消失 2.strengthen v. 加强 P重点短语 1．in the distance 在远处 2.glance at 瞥一眼 Ⅲ　语法填空 I am Sophia, living in a mountainous city in the south of China. During July and October every year, there are typhoons striking __1__ city. It often rains __2__ (heavy) and there are strong winds and storms. July 5th this year is my unforgettable day. When I __3__ (wake) up in the morning, I was surprised __4__ (find) the floor of my house was flooded. Looking out of the window, I saw many cars upside down in the street. It was reported __5__ in the flood many roads and bridges __6__ (wash) away. Tons of mud and rocks crashed down on the houses below. Many fields and crops were flooded and houses were badly destroyed. More than 8，000 people __7__ (lose) their homes. But, anyhow, thanks __8__ the governments and PLA soldiers, no one died or disappeared. All of us were sent to __9__ (safe). After the flood, tractors and lorries worked hard to clear away the big rocks and earth. Many people donated money and basic necessities of life to help rebuild __10__ (we) hometown. 1．________　2.________　3.________　4.________ 5．________　6.________　7.________　8.________ 9．________　10.________ 篇章导读：本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了台风袭击作者所在的城市，8，000多人失去家园，多亏了政府和解放军士兵，他们才得以安全，并在人们的捐助下，重建家园。 1．the　考查冠词。句意：每年七月和十月，都会有台风袭击这座城市。此处是第二次提到city，应用定冠词表示特指。故填the。 2．heavily　考查词性转换。此处应用副词修饰动词rain。故填heavily。 3．woke　考查动词的时态。根据后半句中的was可知，从句叙述发生在过去的事情，应用一般过去时。故填woke。 4．to find　考查非谓语动词。句意：当我早上醒来时，我惊讶地发现我家的地板被淹了。be surprised to do sth“对做某事感到惊讶”。故填to find。 5．that　考查固定句型。句意：据报道，在洪水中，许多道路和桥梁被冲毁。固定句型It is reported that ... “据报道……”。it作形式主语，that引导的从句作真正的主语。故填that。 6．were washed/had been washed　考查动词的时态和语态。主语many roads and bridges与wash形成被动关系，描述过去的事情且主语是复数，用were washed；或者强调动作的先一步发生，使用过去完成时，用had been washed。故填were washed/had been washed。 7．lost　考查动词的时态。此处表示发生在过去的事情，谓语动词应用一般过去时。故填lost。 8．to　考查介词。句意：但是，多亏了政府和解放军士兵，没有人死亡或失踪。固定搭配thanks to “多亏，幸亏”。故填to。 9．safety　考查词性转换。介词to后接名词作宾语。故填safety。 10．our　考查代词。此处应用形容词性物主代词修饰名词hometown。故填our。 8 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$