内容正文:
Unit 6 Disaster and hope
(主题语境:人与自然———自然灾害及其防范和应对措施)
!"#$%&
单
元
核
心
素
养
语言
能力
核心
单词
disaster,occur,forecast,reliable,rescue
,
claim,threaten,otherwise,threat,
sufficient
核心
短语
pick up,look through,leave out,head for
,
be known as,stay around,suffer from
,
up and down,in the open air,
have yet to
省略
语法
写安全指南
写作任务
文化
意识
了解中外不同自然灾害情况及造成
的影响以及应对措施
面对有生命危险的冒险活动,树立正
确的价值观和方法论
思维
品质
自然的力量是无穷的,它能够给人能
量,
也能给人灾难
运用适当的思维方式和人生价值观解
决自然灾难对生活、
生命的影响
学习
能力
熟练运用本单元的词汇和语言现象
根据单元内容调整学习策略
结合现实生活,
选择适当的安全措施
!"'()*
The Science of Earthquakes
What is an earthquake?The surface of the earth is divided into different
pieces. These are called tectonic plates(构造板块). When two plates suddenly
slip past one another,an earthquake happens. This shakes the ground and
everything on it.
What cause earthquakes and where do they happen?
The earth has four main layers (层). They are inner core,outer core,
mantle (地幔)and the earths crust (地壳). The crust and the top of the
mantle make up a thin skin on the surface of the planet. But this skin is not all
in one piece. It is actually made up of many tectonic plates. They are like puzzle
pieces. These pieces are always sliding around and bumping into each other.
Sometimes their edges get stuck together. When this happens,the rest of the
plate keeps moving. Eventually the edges come unstuck. That is when an
earthquake happens.
Why does the earth shake when there is an earthquake?
Earthquakes send out waves in all directions. When they reach the earths
surface,they shake the ground. There are different types of earthquake waves.
The P wave squeezes and stretches the earth. The S wave shakes it up and down.
How are earthquakes recorded?
Scientists use special tools to record and measure earthquakes. These tools
are called seismographs (地震仪). Recordings from seismographs tell scientists
when and where an earthquake took place. They can also tell scientists the size
of an earthquake.
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What should we do in case there is an earthquake?
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Recordings from seismographs
tell scientists when and where
an earthquake took place.
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Section Ⅰ Starting out & Understanding ideas
+,-./0
Ⅰ %&'(
1. n.灾难,灾祸
2. adj.(用于数字后面表示)多,余
3. n.飓风
4. n.山崩,滑坡
5. v.发生
6. v.(火山)爆发,喷发→
n.爆发
7. adv.即刻,马上→
adj.立刻的
8. n.通告,公告→
v.宣告
Ⅱ )*+,
1. 拾起,捡起,拿起
2. 除了……以外还……;
和……一样也……
3. 到达……
4. 浏览
5. 而且
6. 因为,由于
7. 考虑
8. 毕竟,终究
Ⅲ -./0
1.现在分词短语作状语
Picking up a free newspaper at the Tube station,
I see the title “Hot!Hot!Hot!”.
我在地铁站拿起一份免费报纸,看到了这个标题
“热!热!热!”
2. now that引导原因状语从句
Now that its hard to avoid a disaster on Earth ,
perhaps I should start thinking about moving to
space. . .
既然避免地球上的灾难很难,或许我应该开始考
虑搬到太空去……
Ⅳ 1234
(一)快读文章,把握大意
Whats the main idea of the passage?
A. The newspaper about the weather in London.
B. The worries about the hot weather in London.
C. The complaint about the London Tube.
D. The authors train journey to his office.
(二)精读文章,品读细节
1. We can learn from the first paragraph that
.
A. the average high temperature in July in London
is 30 degrees
B. the author will take the Tube with no
air conditioning
C. the author is positive about the coming journey
D. the temperature today is expected to reach
22 degrees
2. Which of the following statements is NOT true
according to the second paragraph?
A. The temperature in the train was much hotter
than on the platform.
B. There were a lot of passengers with the author in
the Tube.
C. The author felt very comfortable while in the
Tube.
D. The author was wearing a suit while in the
Tube.
3. What do the words “the feeling”refer to in the
second paragraph?
A. The author worried that he cant arrive at Bank
Station.
B. The weather is getting warmer and warmer.
C. The passengers are very unfriendly.
D. There are too many passengers in the Tube.
4. What has caused the author to feel a bit scared?
A. The authors working conditions.
B. The authors manager.
C. The Tube with no air conditioning.
D. The rising temperature.
5. Which disaster is not mentioned in the 4th
paragraph?
"")
A. A hurricane. B. Landslides.
C. Forest fires. D. The earthquake.
(三)重读文章,激发潜能
I pick 1. a free newspaper at the Tube
station and see the title “Hot!Hot!Hot!”. Today,
the temperature in London is expected 2.
(reach)30 plus degrees. While going down the stairs
and onto the platform,I feel like jumping into
3. volcano that is erupting. However,it is
much 4. (bad)on the train because there is
no air conditioning. With so many people on the train,
I feel I am melting into one with the person
5. is next to me. 6. (stand)on
the crowded hot train,I feel sick and uncomfortable.
With the temperature getting higher each year,I
think I should be well prepared for the change.
Perhaps,I should sell my flat and buy a boat so that I
will be able to get to work when the Thames
7. (rise). I will also speak with my
manager about moving my office to the top floor. Most
8. (important),I should learn to swim
immediately so as to survive when the tall buildings
are flooded. Since its difficult to avoid 9.
(disaster)on Earth,perhaps I should start thinking
about moving to space. . .
In the end,I manage to make 10. to
the Bank station. Walking out of the station,I feel
much more comfortable. Anyhow,it is only 30 degrees
outside.
阅读微技巧
逻辑
推理,
做好
深层
理解
1.推理判断题主要考查考生根据文章
的字面意思,通过逻辑关系和细节的
暗示,推敲作者的态度,理解文章的寓
意等能力。
2.做这类题时,应在理解全文的基础
上,从文章本身所提供的信息出发,运
用逻辑思维,同时借助一定的生活常
识进行分析、推理和判断
。
+12345
● %&(5
1. typical adj.典型的,特有的,有代表性的
be typical of. . .……的代表/典型特征
Its typical of sb. to do某人一向做
Its typical that. . .……是典型的
①This painting is typical of his early works.
这幅画是他早期的代表作。
②It was typical of him to be so rude.
他总是这么粗鲁。
③It is typical that it rained in this area in summer.
这个地区夏天下雨是很典型的。
6768
单句语法填空
①It is typical of students to stay up reading
till late night before the final exam.
② Mothers typically (typical) worry about their
children.
单句写作
③杰克又迟到了,让别人等待是他的一贯作风。
Jack is late again. It is typical of him to keep
others waiting.
2. immediately adv.即刻,马上 conj.一……
就……
(1)immediately
①副词:“立刻,马上”。常用来修饰动词或整
个句子。
②连词:“一……就……”。引导时间状语从
句,相当于instantly、directly、as soon as、the
moment、the minute、the second、the instant。
(2)immediate adj.立刻的,马上的
① I understood immediately what my parents were
worried about.
我立刻明白了父母在担心什么。
②Immediately you begin to speak,he gives you his
full attention.
你只要一开始说话,他就会全神贯注地听。
6768
单句语法填空
①(2023·1月浙江卷)I stopped,and she soon took
wing but did not immediately (immediate)fly
away.
""*
单句写作
②我们应该立刻采取措施保护我们的历史文化
遗产。
We should take immediate measures to preserve
our historic and cultural heritage.
③我一看见他就告诉了他这个消息。
I told him the news immediately / as soon as / the
minute / the moment I saw .
3. occur v.发生,出现;想起
(1)sth. occurs to sb.某事浮现在某人的脑海中;
某人想到……
It occurs to sb. to do sth.某人想到做某事
It occurs to sb. that. . . = It strikes / hits sb.
that. . .某人突然想到……
(2)occurrence n.发生的事情;出现,发生
①He was unconscious and as I looked at his face,
something occurred to me.
他失去了知觉,当我看着他的脸时,我突然想到
了什么。
②It occurred to me that I could light a fire to keep
warm and ask for help.
我突然想到我可以点火来取暖,同时向别人
求助。
RS3T
(1)occur 的过去式为occurred,过去分词为
occurred,现在分词为occurring。
(2)occur没有被动语态,不用于进行时。occur作
谓语时,主语不能为人。
6768
单句语法填空
①A good idea occurred to him when he was
asked to solve the problem.
②It never occurred to her to ask (ask)for anyone
when she was in trouble.
一句多译
③他想起他把钥匙落在办公室里了。
It occurred to him that he had left his keys in the
office.(occur)
→ It hit him that he had left his keys in the
office.(hit)
→ It struck him that he had left his keys in the
office.(strike)
4. announcement n.通告,公告
(1)make an announcement下通知;宣布
(2)announce vt.宣布;通知
It is announced that. . .据称/据宣布……
announce to sb. sth. / that. . .向某人宣布某
事/……
① Id like to make an important announcement
to you.
我想向你们发表一项重要声明。
②Its announced that a new hospital will be built
here.
据宣布,这里将建一家新的医院。
6768
单句语法填空
①(2024·北京卷)I was reading a book in the
classroom when there was an announcement
(announce).
②The local media announced to the public that
twelve people in all were injured in the accident
last night.
单句写作
③据宣布,国庆节将要举行一场庆祝会。
It is announced that therell be a celebration on
National Day.
● )*+,
1. pick up捡起,拾起
(1)pick out挑出;辨认出
(2)pick oneself up跌倒后再爬起来;振作起来
①The wind picked up and thunder rolled.
风越刮越大,雷声滚滚。
②(2023·新高考Ⅱ卷)What I was to do was to fly
to Topeka to pick up Tiffy.
我要做的就是飞到托皮卡去接Tiffy。
9:;<
pick up多维记忆
"#!
6768
写出下列黑体词的含义
①(2023·1月浙江卷)She ceased her struggle the
instant I picked her up.
②(2024·全国Ⅰ卷)He picked me up at the bus
station where he had dropped me off four days
before.
③Its surprising that your brother picked up Russian
so quickly—he hasnt lived there very long.
④Industrial production is beginning to pick up.
单句写作
⑤害怕挑出一些可怕的东西,我拼命地想让我前面
的那个男孩给我推荐。
Fearing that I would pick out something awful ,I
desperately tried to ask the boy ahead of me for a
recommendation.
⑥那个小女孩滑倒了,但她很快就爬了起来。
The young girl slipped and fell but she quickly
picked herself up .
2. compared to. . .和……比起来,与……相比
(1)compared to / with与……相比(在句中作状
语)
(2)compare v. 比较
compare. . . to. . .把……比作……
compare. . . with. . .把……和……比较
beyond / without compare无与伦比
(3)comparison n.比较
by / in comparison with和……相比起来
make comparison进行比较
①(2023·1月浙江卷改编)Compared to other
alternatives,travelling by train is more comfortable
and relaxing.
跟其他方式相比,乘火车旅游更舒服、更令人
放松。
②A teacher is often compared to a candle. Thats
because their devotion to work is beyond
compare.
老师常被比作蜡烛。那是因为他们对工作的投
入是无与伦比的。
③ If you compare your handwriting with hers,you
will realize that you need to practice more.
如果你把自己的书写与她的书写进行对比,你
就会意识到你还需要多加练习。
6768
单句语法填空
①If you compare Peters work with / to Toms,you
will find many differences.
②As a famous saying goes,“Life is compared to
a voyage.”
③(2024·全国甲卷)My childhood is quite happy
compared (compare)with hers.
一句多译
④把这个与那个进行比较,你会看到哪一个更好。
Compare this one with that one,and you
will see which one is better.(祈使句)
→ If you compare this one with that one,
you will see which one is better.(条件状语从句)
→ Comparing this one with that one,you
will see which one is better.(现在分词作状语)
3. look through浏览;翻阅;仔细检查;透
过……看
look after照顾,照料
look for寻找
look at看;考虑;着眼于
look forward to期待,盼望
look out(= watch out)小心,当心
look back on回顾;回忆
look on. . . as. . .把……看作
look up抬头向上看;查阅
①He looked through the newspaper and found some
useful information.
他浏览报纸,发现了一些有用的信息。
②(2024·全国甲卷)They use their noses to assess
their environment and look out for any signs of
danger.
它们用鼻子评估周围的环境,寻找任何危险的
迹象。
③Youd better not always look up the new words in
the dictionary while reading.
你最好不要总是在阅读时在词典中查新词。
6768
单句语法填空
①She looked through a window and found a lovely
girl in the crowd.
"#"
②It suddenly occurred to me that I could look up
the new words in this chapter in the dictionary or on
the Internet.
用look的相关短语填空
③Whenever I look at this old picture,I will look
back on my past, looking for childhood
memories. At that time,I was looking forward to
going to a medical college. I used to look through
books on medicine,because I looked on nursing
as my profession and wanted to work in the
hospital to look after patients.
● )*/0
1. Picking up a free newspaper at the Tube
station,I see the title “Hot!Hot!Hot!”
我在地铁站拿起一份免费报纸,看到这个标题
“热!热!热!”。
v. ing形式作伴随状语,和句子主语间是主动关系,
而且和谓语动词的动作同时进行。文中还有另外一
个用法相同的句子:
(1)v. ing形式作状语强调和句子的谓语动词的动
作(几乎)同时发生。
(2)“having +过去分词”强调动作发生在谓语动词
的动作之前。
①Stepping out of the station with a heavy heart,I
suddenly feel a fresh wind on my face.
带着沉重的心情走出地铁站,我突然感到一股清新
的风吹在我的脸上。
②(2023·全国乙卷)In 1511,Tan wrote a book,
Sayings of a Female Doctor,describing her life as a
physician.
谈允贤在1511年写了一本书《女医杂言》,描述了
她的医生生活。
6768
单句语法填空
①(2023·1月浙江卷)When I opened my hand,the
bird did not fly away;she sat looking (look)at me
with her bright eyes.
②(2024·全国甲卷)She would sit quietly at the far
end of the long dinner table, listening (listen)
closely.
③ Having studied (study)volcanoes for many years,I
am still amazed at their beauty as well as their
potential to cause great damage.
④We sat at the table, chatting (chat)about the sweet
days we spent together.
单句写作
⑤遭受了这么多,汤姆再也不能抑制自己的情绪,感
激的泪水顺着脸颊流下来。
Having suffered so much ,Tom couldnt contain his
emotions and tears of gratitude trickled down his
cheeks.
2. Now that its hard to avoid a disaster on
Earth,perhaps I should start thinking about
moving to space. . .
既然在地球上难逃一劫,或许我应该开始考虑
移民太空了……
句中now that用作连词,引导原因状语从句,口语中
that可省略,相当于since,强调人们已知的事实。
(1)引导原因状语从句的连词还有because,since,as
等。
(2)引导原因状语的介词短语有due to,owing to,on
account of,because of,thanks to等。
Now that weve come to Beijing,lets visit the Palace
Museum.
我们既然来北京了,就参观一下故宫博物院吧。
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单句语法填空
①(2024·新课标Ⅰ卷)I told him that thanks to
his generosity and timely help,everything had gone
smoothly.
② Because the traffic was so busy,she failed to arrive
at the station on time.
③The town was cut off from the rest of the world due
to heavy snow.
单句写作
④既然你把所有事情都准备好了,我们可以开始了。
Now that you have got everything ready ,we can get
started.
"##
●6/78
1. Sure enough,going down the stairs and onto
the platform is like jumping into a volcano
thats erupting.
=>?@
Sure enough, going down the stairs and onto the platform
动名词短语作主语
is like
jumping into a volcano thats erupting
定语从句
.
ABCD
翻译:
2. Looking through my newspaper,Im shocked
by photos showing that a hurricane in Asia has
destroyed a town.
=>?@
Looking through my newspaper
现在分词作状语
,Im shocked by photos showing
现在分词短语作后置定语
that a hurricane in Asia has destroyed a town
that引导宾语从句
.
ABCD
翻译:
EFGHIJ
Ⅰ '(9:
1. An active volcano may erupt (爆发)at any time
without warning.
2. Chinese medical units were operating in the
disaster (灾难)areas in Africa for the rescue.
3. There are only 35 staff to serve 30,000 plus
(多,余)customers.
4. When he received the letter saying that his mother
was seriously ill,he set out on the return journey
immediately (立刻).
5. Many buildings were destroyed by a hurricane
(飓风)last week.
6. We immediately come to the rescue if any problems
occur (发生)in our daily life.
7. Anderson made the announcement (通告)at the
conference that the company would close the next
week.
Ⅱ '/,;<=
1. Messis talents stand out in comparison
(compare)with other football players.
2. Suddenly a good idea occurred (occur)to me,
but I couldnt find any paper to write on.
3. Seeing the snake winding around the branch,I felt
a bit scared (scary)and ran away.
4. People speak highly of the boys bravery and
calmness in the face of such an emergency.
5. An earthquake,which may cause great damage,is
one of the most common natural disasters
(disaster).
6. You really shouldnt have reacted to his
comment on your work so violently. After all ,
he meant no harm to you.
7. The survivors have wandered around the jungle for
days before being picked up by a search
group.
8. Looking through newspapers every day,you can
keep up with the rapidly developing situation.
9. Compared to / with the living room,the bedroom
is a more private place for resting and relaxing.
10. Although it was late into the night,he made it
to the subway station to pick me up.
Ⅲ '/:>
1.尽管天气很冷,莉莉还是设法按时赶到了学校。
Though it was cold,Lily managed to make it to
school on time .
2.约翰,坐在我能看见你的地方。
John,sit where I can see you .
3.我正要付现金,突然想起我把钱包忘在家里了。
I was going to pay by cash when it occurred to I
had left my purse at home.
4.既然天气预报说有台风,我们最好待在屋里。
Now that the weather forecast says there will be a
typhoon ,we had better stay at home.
5.与整个地球的大小相比,最高的山似乎一点儿也
不高。
Compared to / with the size of the whole Earth,
the highest mountain does not seem high at all.
请同学们认真完成练案[21
]
"#$
Unit 6 Disaster and hope
单元话题导读
探究思辨
Be sure to stay calm and do everything the teacher tells you. If you
are in class,take cover under desk quickly and do not move until
the floor stops shaking. If you are on the playground,stay where you
are,crouch and protect your head. Dont stand near high buildings
that may fall down and dont jump off the building. Help your
classmates if you can and try to go through the disaster together.
Section Ⅰ Starting out & Understanding ideas
课前自主预习
Ⅰ. 1. disaster 2. plus 3. hurricane 4. landslide 5. occur
6. erupt eruption 7. immediately immediate 8. announcement
announce
Ⅱ. 1. pick up 2. as well as 3. make it to 4. look through
5. whats more 6. due to 7. think about 8. after all
Ⅲ. 1. Picking up a free newspaper 2. Now that its hard to avoid a
disaster on Earth
Ⅳ.(一)B
(二)1. B 2. C 3. A 4. D 5. D
(三)1. up 2. to reach 3. a 4. worse 5. who / that 6. Standing
7. rises 8. importantly 9. disasters 10. it
课内要点探究
核心词汇
1.①of ②typically ③It is typical of him
2.①immediately ② take immediate measures ③ immediately / as
soon as / the minute / the moment I saw
3.①to ②to ask ③It occurred to him that It hit him that It
struck him that
4.①announcement ②to ③It is announced that
重点短语
1.①抱起 ②(开车)接人 ③学会 ④恢复,好转 ⑤pick out
something awful ⑥she quickly picked herself up
2.①with / to ② to ③ compared ④Compare with If you
compare with Comparing with
3.① through ② up ③ look at look back on looking for
looking forward to look through looked on as look after
重点句式
1.①looking ②listening ③Having studied ④chatting
⑤Having suffered so much
2. ① to ② Because ③ to ④ Now that you have got
everything ready
长句分析
1.果然,走下台阶到月台上就像是跳进了正在喷发的火山中。
2.浏览我的报纸,我对亚洲的一次飓风摧毁了一个城镇的照片
感到震惊。
随堂达标验收
Ⅰ. 1. erupt 2. disaster 3. plus 4. immediately 5. hurricane
6. occur 7. announcement
Ⅱ. 1. comparison 2. occurred 3. scared 4. the 5. disasters
6. to all 7. up 8. through 9. to / with 10. to
Ⅲ. 1. managed to make it to school on time 2. where I can see you
3. it occurred to me that 4. Now that the weather forecast says
there will be a typhoon 5. Compared to / with
Section Ⅱ Using language
课前自主预习
Ⅰ. 1. forecast 2. grab 3. rescue 4. emergency 5. claim
6. crisis 7. satellite 8. reliable rely 9. threaten threat
10. precisely precise
Ⅱ. 1. leave out 2. consist of
Ⅲ. not only included rescuers and medical staff,but also
Ⅳ.(1)简单 (2)并列 (3)状语从句 主语和be动词
(4)关系代词 宾语 (5)不定式 (6)宾语从句 that
课内要点探究
核心词汇
1.①on ②reliable ③rely on it that he will come rely on him to
come
2.①to ②from ③rescue workers
3.①to help ②to have discovered ③for ④It is claimed that
4.①threatening ②with ③under ④threatened to stop
单元语法精析
一、①I beg your pardon. ②I hope you are well,and that I shall
hear from you after your holiday. ③Have you got any chocolate?
④Are you feeling any better today?
二、①第二个is ②第二个teaches ③第一个books
三、1. ①walking ② invited ③Though warned of the danger
④If so
3.①in which ②that ③that ④why后的she was late for class
四、1.①to wait ②give ③to leave ④to be ⑤go
2.①I think so ②Im afraid not
3.①at ②on ③in
专项练习
Ⅰ. 1. try to 2. you treat the girl 3. While in Beijing 4. even if
invited 5. dont get up early tomorrow 6. when assessed 7. that /
which 8. I warned him not to
Ⅱ. 1. Though (the birds are)not known 2. whenever (it is)
necessary 3. No matter how / However hard the task (is) 4. as(I
have confidence) 5.(it is)possible 6. the way(in which / that)
7. do anything but stay 8. he ought to have (come
)
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