Unit4 Then and now单元主题阅读-2024-2025学年六年级英语下册单元主题阅读专项训练（人教PEP版）

Unit 4单元主题阅读“现在和过去？”主题导入 本单元主题是“现在和过去”， 同学们，我们前面学习了一般现在时和一般过去时两种时态。你们还记得它们的不同吗？你们知道如何描述过去某处有某物，而现在某处没有某物了吗？你们知道如何描述过去能做某事，而现在不能做某事了吗？在本单元中，我们将会学习一些表示过去和现在的不同的单词和句型，学完之后你们就会描述过去和现在的不同啦。一起来学习吧！同步积累 【阅读技巧】 寻读法：以从原文中迅速查出所需信息为目的的一种解题方法。它带有明确的目的性。当回答有关天气、人物、时间、地点、交通方式或数量等细节问题时，可以用这个方法迅速找到答案。 例： In the past, Tom was short and quiet. He liked reading books at home. Now, he is tall and active. He often plays football with his friends after school. ( )1. Tom was tall and active in the past. 分析：题目询问汤姆过去的状态，关键词为 “Tom”“tall”“active”“in the past”。通过寻读法，原文提到 “In the past, Tom was short and quiet.”，说明过去汤姆是矮且安静的，并非高和活跃，所以判断为 F。 原文：In the past, Tom was short and quiet. 小试牛刀 A篇 阅读文章，判断正（T）误（F）。 Our home is in a big city. It's on the first floor of a large building. The community seemed a bit indifferent. Neighbors rarely greeted us, and there was little sharing or helping. A big supermarket was far away, and Mom would go there for groceries. Next to the supermarket was a park, but we seldom visited it. Now, our home is still in the same place. The community becomes very friendly. Nice neighbors always say hello to us. They share things and help each other. There is a supermarket near our community. Mom gets groceries at the nearby supermarket. And we exercise every day. We often come to the park on weekends. I love my home and my new neighbors. 【词汇积累】 indifferent（冷漠的；不关心的） greet（打招呼；问候） seldom（很少；不常）groceries（食品杂货） exercise（锻炼；运动） ( ) 1. Our home is in a small town. ( ) 2. In the past, neighbors in the community were very friendly. ( ) 3. Mom used to buy groceries in a supermarket far away. ( ) 4. Now, there is a supermarket near the community. ( ) 5. They never go to the park on weekends now. B篇 阅读文章，判断正（T）误（F）。 Things are always changing, like the clock, the weather and also me. There are many changes in my life. Sometimes I didn't feel good about them, but then it gets better. My best friend Robin moved away. The moving van took away everything and his house was empty. I still want to play with Robin. Now Robin lives in the mountains. He asks me to visit him and it sounds like fun. Now I have new classmates and new English teacher. The new teacher is more gentle. I also make a lot of new friends. I like Sarah and Ana. I love my class and my teacher. Mum takes a new job at an office. When she comes home, I am happy. 【词汇积累】 change（变化；改变） van（厢式货车） empty（空的） mountain（山；山脉） gentle（温和的；温柔的） ( ) 1. Things in life never change. ( ) 2. The writer's best friend Robin moved to a new house in the city. ( ) 3. The writer still wants to play with Robin. ( ) 4. The new English teacher is more strict. ( ) 5. The writer's mum has a new job at a school. 精益求精 C篇 阅读短文，选择正确选项。 Forty years ago, my hometown was a small village, and not many people lived here. There were only a few simple houses. Most of them were fishermen and farmers. They went fishing and planted every day. The narrow roads became very muddy after heavy rain. And people had great difficulty in going around. Our daily life was inconvenient. Twenty years ago, people from other places came here, and it became a town. But the houses were quite old and low. People still lived in poor conditions. Now, there are more and more people living in my hometown, and some of them are from other countries. The roads are wide and clean, and there are many different kinds of cars travelling on the roads. My hometown has become a big modern city now. Tall skyscrapers stand everywhere. Various shopping malls and entertainment facilities make the city a vibrant place. People here enjoy a much higher quality of life. They can access better education, advanced medical services, and many cultural activities. 【词汇积累】 fisherman（渔民）narrow（狭窄的）muddy（泥泞的）inconvenient（不方便的） condition（条件；状况）skyscraper（摩天大楼）entertainment（娱乐）facility（设施） vibrant（充满活力的）access（使用；获取）advanced（先进的） ( )1. What was the writer's hometown like forty years ago? A. It was a big city with many people. B. It was a small village with few people. C. It was a town with old and low houses. ( )2. What did most people do in the writer's hometown forty years ago? A. They were workers. B. They were fishermen and farmers. C. They were businessmen. ( )3. What was the problem with the roads forty years ago? A. They were narrow and became muddy after rain. B. They were wide but dirty. C. They were clean and convenient. ( )4. What was the situation of the houses twenty years ago? A. They were new and tall. B. They were quite old and low. C. There were no houses. ( )5. What can people enjoy now in the writer's hometown? A. Only basic food and shelter. B. Just a simple life like before. C. A much higher quality of life. 【句型精讲】 1. 原文句子：Forty years ago, my hometown was a small village, and not many people lived here. 【翻译】四十年前，我的家乡是一个小村庄，并且没有很多人住在这里。 【分析】这是一个由 “and” 连接的并列句。前半句“Forty years ago” 是时间状语，表明时间，描述家乡四十年前的样子。后半句 “not many people lived here” 中，“not many people” 是主语，“lived” 是谓语动词，“here” 是地点状语，表明四十年前并没有什么人居住在我的家乡。 2. 原文句子：The narrow roads became very muddy after heavy rain. 【翻译】狭窄的道路在大雨过后变得非常泥泞。 【分析】“narrow” 作定语修饰 “roads”，描述道路的特征；“became” 是系动词，在这里表示 “变得”；“very muddy” 是形容词短语作表语，描述道路在大雨后的状态；“after heavy rain” 是时间状语，说明道路变得泥泞的时间。 3. 原文句子：Now, there are more and more people living in my hometown, and some of them are from other countries. 【翻译】现在，有越来越多的人生活在我的家乡，并且他们中的一些人来自其他国家。 【分析】这是一个由 “and” 连接的并列句。前半句 “Now, there are more and more people living in my hometown” 是 there be 句型的变体，“living in my hometown” 是现在分词短语作后置定语，修饰 “people”，表示 “生活在家乡的人”。后半句 “some of them” 是主语，“are from” 是谓语动词短语，“other countries” 是宾语，说明这些人的来源。 4. 原文句子：The roads are wide and clean, and there are many different kinds of cars travelling on the roads. 【翻译】道路又宽又干净，并且有许多不同种类的汽车在路上行驶。 【分析】这是一个由 “and” 连接的并列句。前半句 “wide and clean” 是形容词短语作表语，描述道路的特征。后半句 “there are many different kinds of cars travelling on the roads” 是 there be 句型的变体，“there are” 表示 “有”“travelling on the roads” 是现在分词短语作后置定语，修饰 “cars”，表示 “在路上行驶的汽车”。 5. 原文句子：They can access better education, advanced medical services, and many cultural activities. 【翻译】他们能够获得更好的教育、先进的医疗服务以及许多文化活动。 【分析】“They” 是主语；“can access” 是谓语动词短语，“can” 是情态动词，表示 “能够”“access” 表示 “使用；获取”；“better education, advanced medical services, and many cultural activities” 是并列的宾语，分别表示 “更好的教育”“先进的医疗服务” 和 “许多文化活动”。 D篇 阅读短文，选择正确选项。 With the development of technology, there are many changes in our lives. Teachers used blackboards and chalks to teach in the past, but now they use multimedia in the classroom. We can watch videos, look at pictures with new equipment. Also, students can use tablets or laptops in class to do exercises and get instant feedback. School study becomes more interesting and more interactive. Farmers planted crops by hand, but now they use machines to help. They can also use apps on their phones to learn about the best times to plant. Farming becomes faster, and more relaxing. Writers used pen and paper to write, but now they use computers. Writing is much faster and easier now. Additionally, they can reach a much wider audience than ever before. Photographers used film to take photos, and they could not see how the pictures looked until they were developed. But now photographers use digital cameras, and they can see the pictures after clicking the button. Do you notice other changes in our lives? 【词汇积累】 development（发展）multimedia（多媒体）tablet（平板电脑）laptop（笔记本电脑）instant（立即的；即时的）interactive（互动的）crop（庄稼；作物）additionally（此外；另外）digital（数字的；数码的）develop（冲洗） ( ) 1. How did teachers teach in the past? A. They used multimedia. B. They used blackboards and chalks. C. They used tablets. ( ) 2. What can students use in class now to get instant feedback? A. Blackboards. B. Chalks. C. Tablets or laptops. ( ) 3. How do farmers plant crops now? A. They use machines to help. B. They plant crops by hand. C. They use pen and paper. ( ) 4. What did writers use to write in the past? A. Computers. B. Pen and paper. C. Digital cameras. ( )5. What can photographers do now after clicking the button? A. They can't see the pictures until they are developed. B. They can see the pictures immediately. C. They need to wait for a long time to see the pictures. 【句型精讲】 1. 原文句子：With the development of technology, there are many changes in our lives. 【翻译】随着科技的发展，我们的生活中有许多变化。 【分析】“With the development of technology” 是介词短语作伴随状语，表明与 “there are many changes in our lives” 这一情况同时发生，“with” 表示 “随着”“the development of...” 意为 “…… 的发展”。“there are many changes in our lives” 是 there be 句型，表示 “在我们的生活中有许多变化”。 2. 原文句子：Also, students can use tablets or laptops in class to do exercises and get instant feedback. 【翻译】此外，学生们可以在课堂上使用平板电脑或笔记本电脑做练习并获得即时反馈。 【分析】“to do exercises and get instant feedback” 是动词不定式短语作目的状语，说明使用平板电脑或笔记本电脑的目的是做练习和获得即时反馈。 3. 原文句子：Additionally, they can reach a much wider audience than ever before. 【翻译】此外，他们能够接触到比以往任何时候都广泛得多的受众。 【分析】“Additionally” 是副词，表递进。“they” 是主语，“can reach” 是谓语动词短语，“a much wider audience” 是宾语，“much” 修饰比较级 “wider”，强调程度，“than ever before” 是比较状语，将现在能接触到的受众范围与以往进行比较。 4. 原文句子：Photographers used film to take photos, and they could not see how the pictures looked until they were developed. 【翻译】摄影师过去用胶卷拍照，并且他们直到胶卷冲洗出来才能看到照片是什么样的。 【分析】这是一个由 “and” 连接的并列句。后半句 “and they could not see how the pictures looked until they were developed” 中，“how the pictures looked” 是宾语从句，作 “see” 的宾语，“until they were developed” 是时间状语从句，表示直到胶卷冲洗出来这个时间点之前都看不到照片的样子。 参考答案 A篇 【导语】本文描述了作者家所在社区过去和现在的不同情况，包括邻里关系、超市位置以及去公园的频率等方面的变化。 【答案】1. F 2. F 3. T 4. T 5. F 1. F【解析】题目问 “我们家在一个小镇上”。需留意关于家所在位置的信息，原文提到 “Our home is in a big city.”，说明家在大城市，并非小镇，所以本题填 F。 2. F【解析】题目为 “过去，社区里的邻居非常友好”。关注过去邻里关系的信息，文中表明 “The community seemed a bit indifferent. Neighbors rarely greeted us”，说明过去邻里关系冷漠，并非友好，所以填 F。 3. T【解析】题目是 “妈妈过去常常在很远的超市买食品杂货”。注意妈妈过去买杂货地点的内容，原文有 “A big supermarket was far away, and Mom would go there for groceries.”，因此本题填 T。 4. T【解析】题目问 “现在，社区附近有一个超市”。留意现在超市位置的信息，文中提到 “There is a supermarket near our community.”，所以本题填 T。 5. F【解析】题目称 “他们现在周末从不去公园”。关注现在周末去公园频率的信息，原文说 “We often come to the park on weekends.”，可知现在周末经常去公园，并非从不去，所以填 F。 B篇 【导语】本文讲述了作者生活中的一些变化，包括好朋友搬走、有了新同学和新老师以及妈妈换了新工作等情况。 【答案】1. F 2. F 3. T 4. F 5. F 1. F【解析】题目问 “生活中的事物从不改变”。需留意关于生活中事物变化的信息，原文提到 “Things are always changing”，表明事物总是在变化，并非从不改变，所以本题填 F。 2. F【解析】题目为 “作者最好的朋友罗宾搬到了城市里的新房子”。关注罗宾搬去地点的信息，文中表明 “Now Robin lives in the mountains.”，说明罗宾搬到了山里，不是城市里，所以填 F。 3. T【解析】题目是 “作者仍然想和罗宾一起玩”。注意作者对和罗宾一起玩的想法相关内容，原文有 “I still want to play with Robin.”，因此本题填 T。 4. F【解析】题目问 “新英语老师更严格”。留意新英语老师特点的信息，文中提到 “The new teacher is more gentle.”，可知新老师更温和，不是更严格，所以填 F。 5. F【解析】题目称 “作者的妈妈在学校有一份新工作”。关注妈妈新工作地点的信息，原文说 “Mum takes a new job at an office.”，是在办公室有新工作，不是学校，所以填 F。 C篇 【导语】本文主要介绍了作者家乡在过去四十年、二十年前以及现在的不同面貌，包括人口、房屋、道路、人们的生活方式及生活质量等方面的变化。 【答案】1.B 2.B 3.A 4.B 5.C 1. B【解析】题目问 “四十年前作者的家乡是什么样的？”。需要注意四十年前家乡状况的信息，原文 “Forty years ago, my hometown was a small village, and not many people lived here.” 表明，四十年前家乡是一个小村庄，人不多，所以选 B。 2. B【解析】题目问 “四十年前作者家乡的大多数人是做什么的？”。需要注意四十年前人们职业的信息，原文 “Most of them were fishermen and farmers.” 说明，大多数人是渔民和农民，所以选 B。 3. A【解析】题目问 “四十年前道路存在什么问题？”。需要注意四十年前道路情况的信息，原文 “The narrow roads became very muddy after heavy rain.” 指出，道路狭窄且雨后泥泞，所以选 A。 4. B【解析】题目问 “二十年前房子的情况是怎样的？”。需要注意二十年前房子状况的信息，原文 “But the houses were quite old and low.” 表明，房子相当老旧且低矮，所以选 B。 5. C【解析】题目问 “现在作者家乡的人们能享受什么？”。需要注意现在家乡人们生活状况的信息，原文 “People here enjoy a much higher quality of life. They can access better education, advanced medical services, and many cultural activities.” 说明，人们能享受更高质量的生活，包括更好的教育、先进的医疗服务等，所以选 C。 D篇 【导语】本文主要讲述了随着科技发展，教师教学方式、学生学习方式、农民种植方式、作家写作方式以及摄影师拍照方式等方面在生活中发生的变化。 【答案】1.B 2.C 3.A 4.B 5.B 1. B【解析】题目问 “过去老师们是如何教学的？”。需要注意过去教师教学方式的信息，原文 “Teachers used blackboards and chalks to teach in the past” 表明，过去老师们用黑板和粉笔教学，所以选 B。 2. C【解析】题目问 “现在学生在课堂上可以用什么获得即时反馈？”。需要注意现在学生在课堂上获取即时反馈工具的信息，原文 “students can use tablets or laptops in class to do exercises and get instant feedback” 说明，学生可以用平板电脑或笔记本电脑，所以选 C。 3. A【解析】题目问 “现在农民是如何种植庄稼的？”。需要注意现在农民种植庄稼方式的信息，原文 “but now they use machines to help” 指出，现在他们使用机器帮忙，所以选 A。 4. B【解析】题目问 “过去作家用什么写作？”。需要注意过去作家写作工具的信息，原文 “Writers used pen and paper to write” 表明，过去用钢笔和纸写作，所以选 B。 5. B【解析】题目问 “现在摄影师按下按钮后能做什么？”。需要注意现在摄影师拍照后情况的信息，原文 “but now photographers use digital cameras, and they can see the pictures after clicking the button” 说明，现在按下按钮后就能看到照片，所以选 B。 1 / 6 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$