内容正文:
牛津版八年级下期中考点串讲
Units 1-4
重点单词,短语,句式精讲
目
录
CONTENT
Units1-4 重点短语归纳
Units1-4 重点单词精讲
Units1-4 重点句式归纳
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Unit 1 Helping those in need
1.报请批准 2.情绪高涨
3.无法做某事 4.因为;由于
5.继续做某事 6.帮助某人
7.做某事有困难 8.需要帮助的
9.身体状况良好/较差 10.在某人空闲时间
11.为了 12.与某人交朋友
13.为...付费 14.筹集善款
15.使振奋 16.遭受
17.拍照 18.参加
19.考虑 20.义务性工作
ask permission be in high spirits
be unable to do sth. because of
continue to do sth. give sb. a hand
have difficulty (in) doing sth. in need
in good/bad health in one’s free time
in order to make friends with
pay for ... raise money
raise one’s spirits suffer from
take photos of take part in
think about voluntary work
Unit 2 Body language
1.身势语;肢体语言 2.发生
3.坐起来;坐直 4.兼职工作
5.抬着头 6.找某人帮忙;求助于某人
7. 朝某人微笑 8. 给……留下好印象
9. 这会儿;现在 10. ……的关键
11. 握手 12.点头
13. 摇头 14.提醒某人某事
15直视某人的眼睛 16.代替
body language take place
sit up part-time job
hold one’s head up go to sb. for help
smile at sb. make a good impression on
at the moment the key to…..
shake hands nod one’s head
shake one’s head remind sb. about sth.
look into sb’s eyes instead of
Unit 3 Traditional skills
1.剪纸
2.六十多岁
3.剪成
4.出发;动身
5.起伏;上下波动
6.天黑后;黄昏后
7.(在某段时间内)一直;始终
8.阻止……做某事
9.准备好做某事
10.愿意做某事
11.被……吸引
12.练习做某事
13.擅长
paper-cutting
over 60 years old
cut into
set off
up and down
after dark
all the time
stop…. from
get ready for
be willing to do
be attracted by
practise doing
be good at
Unit 4 Cartoons and comic strips
1. (眼睛) (因激动、惊奇)张大;睁大2. 确定一个主题
3. 同……比赛
4. 获得成功
5. 考虑
6. 和……相匹配
7. 对……满意
8.在20世纪30年代晚期
9. 使某人陷入麻烦.
10. 嘲笑
11.尽力做某事
12.很多;许多
13.给……添加一些文字
14. 第二步
15. 画个草图
pop out
decide on a topic
play against
make it
think of/about
match with
be pleased with
in the late 1930s
get sb. into trouble
laugh at
try to do
A number of
add some words to
in the second stage
make a rough sketch
二、重点单词
要点1 raise
raise v. 筹集;提升;增加 raise = keep 有“饲养,抚养”的意思
常见搭配:
raise one’s voice 提高嗓门 raise a family 养家糊口 raise money 筹款;
raise price 提高价格; raise one’s spirits 打起精神
raise children(抚养孩子)
辨析:raise, rise(rise--rose--risen)的区别
(1) 这两个词都有“提高,上升,增加”的意思,但其用法不同。
raise是及物动词,其主语通常是人;而rise是不及物动词,其主语通常是物。如:
The sun rises and bathes the earth. 太阳升起,普照大地。
(2) raise和rise用于同一事物时含义不同。例如:
The price of TV sets has been raised recently. 最近电视机提价了。
The price of TV sets has risen recently. 最近电视机提价了。
要点 2 permission
Permission 准许;批准
Write a letter to the head teacher to ask permission to raise money. 给校长写一封信请求允许筹钱。
【同根词】
permit v. 许可;准许
The guards permitted me to bring my camera and tape recorder. 卫兵准许我带相机和录音机
1)permit sb. to do sth. 允许某人做某事
Permit me to offer you some advice. 请允许我向你提些建议。
(2)permit doing sth. 允许做某事
We do not permit smoking in the office. 我们不允许在办公室吸烟。
要点3:illness
illness n. (某种)病
The children there all suffer from serious illness. 那里的孩子都遭受疾病的折磨。
同根词:ill adj. 有病的 (比较级:worse, 最高级:worst)
辨析:ill, sick的区别:
ill和sick都有生病的,有病的意思,但是用法并不完全相同。
ill ill表示生病的,有病的 这一意思时,一般用作表语,不能作定语; She is ill/sick in bed. 她卧病在床。
ill作定语修饰名词时是坏的,邪恶的意思。 He is an ill man他是一个邪恶的人。
sick sick既可以作表语又可以作定语,如病人可以说a sick man或the sick,但不能说an ill man或the ill。 She is looking after her sick father. 她在照顾她生病的父亲
Sick 有恶心的,厌倦的之意。 The smell makes me sick.这气味使我感到恶心
要点 4:organize
1)organize v. 组织;筹备
We all decided to organize a concert for Easter.
我们一致决定为复活节组织一场音乐会。
2)organized adj. 有组织的
Do you have any connections to organized crime? 你参与了任何有组织的犯罪吗?
3)organizer n. 组织者
A good organizer pays attention to detail. 一个好的组织者考虑问题无微不至。
4) organization n.组织
Most of the food for the homeless is provided by voluntary organizations.
给无家可归者的大部分食物是由志愿组织提供的。
要点 5:lonely
lonely表示“寂寞的,孤寂的”,带有较强感情色彩,可用作表语或定语;表示“荒凉的,偏僻的”,用来说明地方,多用作定语。例如:
When his wife died, he was very lonely.
太太死后他非常孤独。
The old man lived in the lonely mountain village.
那个老人住在荒凉的山村。
【拓展】lonely与alone的辨析:
lonely作形容词,意为“(人)孤单的,寂寞的”,它更强调一种主观的感觉;alone作形容词和副词,意为“独自的(地),单独的(地)”,它更强调一种客观情况。alone作形容词,在句中只用作表语。例如:
Don’t leave me alone. I will feel lonely.
别留下我一个人,我会觉得孤单的。
区分 alone 与 lonely
alone 形容词和副词 强调客观上“独自一人”,不带有感情色彩。作形容词时不可作定语。
lonely 形容词 强调情感上“孤独的;寂寞的”,可作定语和表语。
还可意为“偏僻的”,只作定语。
要点6 express
express词性 动词,意为:表示;表达(思想和感情)
对某人表达... express ...to sb.
I find it difficult to express my meaning. 我发觉难以表达我的意思。
She expressed her thanks to us.她向我们致谢。
【拓展】
express的名词形式为Expression,意为“表情;表示;表达方式”
I sent them flowers as an expression of thanks.
我送给他们鲜花以表示感谢。
要点7
die(v) 死亡 death(n) 死亡
die为不及物动词,意为“死”,其过去式为died,现在分词为dying。
More than three hundred people died in the air crash. 在这次飞机失事中有300多人死亡。
She is ill and I’m afraid she’s dying. 她病了,恐怕快要死了。
译:他的母亲去世5年了。
误:His mother died for five years.
正:His mother has been dead for five years.
dead形容词,意为“死的,失去生命的”,在句中可作定语或表语。
He was watching his dead cat when I came in.
当我进来时,他正在注视着他的死去的猫。
I’m afraid he is dead. 我恐怕他已经去世了。
拓展:
die of意为“因……而死”,一般指由于疾病、情感等内因引起的死亡。
Her grandfather died of cancer in 1992. 她的祖父于1992年死于癌症。
die from意为“因……而死”,一般指由于外伤、事故等外因引起的死亡。
The old man died from a car accident last year. 那位老人去年死于一场车祸。
要点 8:offer
offer v. = be willing to do something 主动提出
常用短语:offer to do sth主动提供干某事
offer one’s hand 伸出友好的手
offer sb. sth. 为某人提供某物
Peter offered to teach them water-skiing.
彼得主动提出教他们滑水。
They have offered me a large sum of money to go away.
他们曾为我提供一大笔搬迁费
辨析:provide, offer的区别:
provide用于表示无主动慷慨之意地为人或物提供需要或有用的东西,仅仅是出于某种责任,强调提供必须用的东西,尤其是生活用品。常用于provide sb. with sth. 或provide sth. for sb. 的固定搭配中。offer表示主动提供服务、工作等。常用于offer sb. sth.或offer sth. to sb. 固定搭配中。例如:offer sb.主动提出帮助某人;offer sb. a good salary 给某人一个好工资。
Somehow she managed to provide her children with food and clothing.
她总算设法使她的孩子有饭吃,有衣穿。
He offered me a glass of wine. = He offered a glass of wine to me. 他端给我一杯酒。
要点 9:accept
accept v. 接受(建议、邀请等)
You should accept her present. 你应该接受她的礼物
receive词性及物动词,此句中意为“接待;招待”。receive还可表示“接到;收到”,与get同义,其后可接介词from. /
They are very glad to have the opportunity to receive the guest.
他们非常高兴有机会接待这位贵宾。
I received a letter from my mother.
我收到母亲的一封来信。
辨析:receive与accept
receive 接待;收到 指客观的收到 He received a letter from his friend.
他收到了朋友的来信。
accept 接受 指主观的接受 She accepted my gift.
她接受了我的礼物。
I received his invitation to the party yesterday, but I refused to accept it.
昨天我收到了他的聚会请束,但我拒绝接受。
要点10 mean
1)meaning n. 意义;意思
Do you take my meaning? 你明白我的意思了吗?
2)meaningful adj. 有意义的
You want your work to be meaningful. 你想要你的工作有意义。
3)means n. 方法,手段,工具(单复同形)
4)mean是动词,有如下用法:
(1) 表示“意思是,指的是”,后接名词、动词不定式或句子。例如:
The red light means “stop”. 红灯意思是“停止”。
Do you mean that I am too heavy? 你的意思是我太胖了?
(2)表示“打算,意欲”,后面常接不定式。例如:
He means to do it well. 他打算把这件事做好。
(3) 表示“意味着……”,后面常接动名词作宾语。例如:
Missing the train means waiting for another one hour.
赶不上这列火车意味着再等一小时。
(4) What does…mean? = What’s the meaning of…?
= What do you mean by…?意为“……是什么意思?”
要点 11:message
message n. (书面或口头的)信息;消息
He sent a message to her. 他发了一条信息给她。
(1)leave a message留言;留口信
Please leave a message on my voice mail. 请给我的语音信箱留言。
(2)take a message(for sb.)捎口信(给某人)
Can I take a message for you? 我可以帮你捎个口信吗?
辨析news, message和information
(1)news不可数名词,通常指通过电视、报纸、
广播等新闻媒体向大众发布的社会各方面的消息。
He had to break the news to her.他不得不向她透露消息。
(2)message,可数名词,通常指口头传递或书写的“音信”。
He often sends me short messages.他经常给我发送短信息。
(3)information不可数名词,通常指通过观察、学习、阅读和交谈得到的资料、信息等。
The book contains much new information.这本书有很多的新信息。
要点12 remind
remind
1.表示 “使想起;使记起”,常见搭配:remind sb. of sb./ sth.“使某人想起某人/某物”;remind sb.+ that从句“使某人回忆起……”。例如:
He reminds me of his father.
The sight of the clock reminded me that I was late.
2.表示“提醒”,常见搭配remind sb.to do sth.“提醒某人做某事”;
remind sb.+ that从句“提醒某人……”。
Please remind me to post the letter.
She reminded me that I haven’t write to Mother.
要点 13
look在本句中用作不及物动词,意为“看;望”,与at连用,表示“看着……;望着……”,后面要接宾语。
【举例】
Look at these pictures. How beautiful they are! 看这些画,它们是多么漂亮啊!
【拓展】
(1)look用作不及物动词与其他某些介词或副词连用,常见的有:
①look after意为“照看;照料”。
He is old enough to look after himself. 他年龄足够大,能照顾自己。
②look for意为“寻找”。
I looked for you just now, but I didn’t find you. 刚才我到处找你,但没找到。
③look around意为“四下环顾;到处寻找”。
He looked around but he saw nobody. 他四下环顾,但什么人也没看到。
④look up意为“抬头看;查;找出”。
He looked up and smiled at me. 他抬起头,对我笑了笑。
If there are words you don’t understand, look them up in the dictionary. 如果你有不认识的单词可以查词典。
⑤look down on意为“看不起”。
Don’t look down on others. 不要看不起别人。
⑥look forward to意为“盼望”。
We are looking forward to seeing you again. 我们盼望再见到你。
⑦look into意为“朝……里面看”。
He looked into the box, but he saw nothing. 他朝箱子里面看了看,但什么也没看到。
⑧look through意为“浏览;仔细检查;看穿”。
I have looked it through. 我已把它仔细地看了一遍。
⑨look out意为“当心”。
Look out! Don’t hit the tree. 当心!不要撞到树。
⑩look over意为“仔细检查;翻阅”。
The doctor is looking him over. 医生正在给他仔细检查。
(2)look用作连系动词,意为“看起来”,其后可接形容词或过去分词。
You look well/fine/healthy. 你看起来很健康。
要点14
stop的后面可以用动词不定式也可以用动名词作宾语。stop doing表示“停止正在做的事情”;stop to do表示“停下来开始做”的意思。例如:
Now let’s stop reading. 现在咱们停止读书。
Our teacher stopped to look at the boy. 老师停下来看了看那个男孩。
(2)stop还可以构成短语stop somebody/something from doing something表示“阻止某人做某事或者阻止某事发生”。例如:
The trees and grasses can stop the wind from blowing the earth away.
树和草可以阻止风把土吹走。
要点15:reach
reach 到达;抵达
辨析reach, arrive和get
(1)arrive不及物动词,后接宾语时要加介词in(大地点)或at(小地点)。
I arrived in Beijing last night.我昨天晚上到达了北京。
(2)reach及物动词,后面可以直接加宾语。
Finally we reached the top of the mountain.最终我们到达了山顶。
(3)get作“到达”讲,后接宾语时要加介词to。
When did you get to the park? 你什么时候到公园的?
注意:当arrive, get后接表示地点的副词,如here, there, home等时,则不用介词,即arrive/get+地点副词。
要点16 practice
practice作动词,意为“练习,实践”。既可以作及物动词,又可以作不及物动词。其后可以接名词、代词或动词-ing形式。【注意】也可以做名词,practice为不可数名词。例如:practise 只做动词,作动词用法与 practice同
My little brother practices the piano every day. 我的小弟弟每天弹钢琴。
Do you often practice playing football after school?你经常放学后踢足球吗?
【拓展】后接动名词作宾语的动词有:
完成、实践、值得、忙(finish; practice; be worth; be busy)
继续、习惯、别放弃(keep on; be used to; give up)
考虑、建议、不禁、想(consider; suggest; can’t help; feel like)
喜欢、思念、要介意(enjoy; miss; mind)
be made into “把……做成某产品”,是把材料做成产品。 Many good books are made into films.
许多好书被制成了电影。
be made of “由……制成”,由制成品仍可看出原材料。 The coat is made of silk.
这件外套是由丝绸做成的。
be made from “由……制成”,制成品经过变化,看不出原材料。 Paper is made from wood.
纸是由木头做成的。
be made in “……生产于某地”。 Many washing machines are made in Hefei.
许多洗衣机是合肥生产的。
be made up of “由……组/构成”,表示事物是由若干部分构成的。 Our class is made up of twenty-three boys and twenty-five girls.我们班是由23位男孩和25位女孩组成的。
要点17
要点18 attract
attract v吸引;使喜爱
Who do you want to attract? 你想要吸引谁?
(1)attractive adj. 吸引人的
She’s a very attractive woman. 她是一个非常有吸引力的女人。
2)attraction n. 吸引;吸引人的事物
Do you feel any attraction for this book? 你觉得这本书有什么吸引力吗?
(3)be attracted by被……吸引
I’m totally attracted by the story. 我完全被这个故事吸引了。
要点 19:warning
warning n. 警告;警示
warn v. 警告;提醒;告诫
warn sb. (not) to do sth. 警告某人(不)做某事
warn sb. of/about sth. 警告/通知某人有某事
③warn sb. against doing sth. 警告/告诫某人不要做某
要点 20 thought
thought n. 心思;思想
(1) think v. 想;思考
(2) thinker n. 思想家;思想者
(3) thought的同义词为idea。
(4)含有think的短语:
think about / of 思索;考虑; 回顾;想起;想到(某人或某事)
think over 仔细考虑;重新考虑(指想过了, 再想)
think highly of 高度评价;器重
be lost in thought 陷入沉思
要点21:
decide on决定;选定
(1)decide to do 决定去做
(2)make a decision to do=make up one’s mind to do决定去做
要点 22
used to 意为“过去常常”
(1)be used to (doing) sth. 意为“习惯于(做)某事”,
(2)be used to do sth. 意为“被用来做某事”
(3)be used for doing sth. 意为“被用来做某事”,
be used for doing=be used to do。
(4) be used as... 意为“被用来作为……”
要点23 put on
put on 在本句中意为“演出;上演”,后面常接show, play, dance 等名词。
put on 还有“穿上;戴上”的意思,表示动作。
Put构成的短语
put up挂;张贴;公布;举起;搭起;
put off 推迟 put away 收起来
put on 穿上;戴上;体重上升 put down 放下
put up with 忍受 put out 扑灭;熄灭
要点 24 add
add作动词,意为“加,增加”,常用以下结构:
(1)add… to… 意为“把……加到……”,例如:
Don’t add fuel to the flames. 别再火上浇油了。
(2)add to表示“增加;增添”,其中to是介词,后接名词或代词。例如:
Each girl present at the party was wearing a flower in the hair, which added to their beauty.
参加晚会的姑娘人人头上都戴有一朵花,使得她们显得愈加漂亮。
(3)add up 意为“把……加起来”。例如:
Add up all the numbers and you will see how much you owe me.
把所有的数字加起来看看你欠我多少。
(4)add up to 意为“总计;加起来结果是”。例如:
All the numbers add up to exactly 900. 所有数加起来一共900.
Unit 1 Useful sentences
1. Cindy is in hospital because she suffered from serious illnesses.
2. She wanted to paint a picture of the park near her home.
3. .I went there and took some photos of it
4. Her parents died in a car accident, and she is unhappy and very lonely.
5. He hurt his legs in an accident, but he has lots of courage.
6. We need to help children like Tim and raise their spirits.
Unit 2 Useful sentences
1.她没有待在家里反而上学去了。
She went to school instead of staying at home.
2. 他的第一面给她留下了好印象。
His first appearance made a good impression on her.
3. 使用肢体语言能够很好地表达自己。
Using body language can make us express ourselves well.
4. 交流不仅仅是说话。
Communicating is more than just speaking.
5. 她的肢体语言让人们感到受欢迎。
Her body language is making people feel welcome.
6. 西蒙决定去改进他的肢体语言。
Simon decided to improve his body language.
7. 它能让人更容易理解我们。
It can make people understand us better.
8. 肢体语言是如此有趣,以至于能让谈话变得更轻松。
Body language is so interesting that it can make our conversation easier.
9. 它能帮助我们给别人留下好印象。
It can help us make a good impression on others.
10. 我想我们应该改善我们的肢体语言。
I think we should improve our body language.
Unit 3 Useful sentences
1. 当他七岁时,他开始学剪纸。
When he was 7 years old, he began to learn paper cutting.
2. 李先生用他的手把纸变成漂亮的形状。
Mr Li uses his hands to turn the paper into beautiful shapes.
3. 剪纸只需要一些简单的工具。
Paper cutting only needs some simple tools
4. 我希望有一天我能学习剪纸。
Only some simple tools are required for paper cutting.
5. 中国有很多传统技艺。
There are many traditional skills in China.
6. 另外,我们可以知道不同地方的中国文化。
We can also know about cultures in different places of China.
7. 然而,现在很少年轻的中国人擅长这些优良的传统技艺。
However, few young Chinese are good at these great traditional skills now.
8. 我们应该尽我们最大的努力去保护它们。
We should try our best to protect them.
9. 剪纸是青少年最受欢迎的传统技艺之一。
Paper cutting is one of the most popular traditional skills among teenagers。
10. 每个人都应该意识到保护传统技艺的重要性。
Everyone should realize the importance of protecting the traditional skills.
11. 在我看来,传统技艺应该被引进课堂。
In my opinion, traditional skills should be introduced into classes.
12. 总而言之,传统技艺将会越来越受欢迎。
In a word, traditional skills will be more and more popular.
Unit 4 Useful sentences
1.首先,你需要对一个故事有一些基本的想法。
First, you need to have some basic ideas for a story.
2. 第二,想想你想要的角色和他们的样子。
Second, think about the characters you want and what they will look like.
3. 接下来,绘制详细的图片并添加颜色。
Next, draw detailed pictures and add colour.
4. 用计算机程序把这些图片拼在一起。
put the pictures together by using a computer program.
5. 最后,录制声音和音效。
Finally, record the voices and sound effects.
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