专题03 单词,短语,语法归纳【考点清单】-2024-2025学年八年级英语下学期期中考点大串讲(沪教牛津版)(广州深圳沈阳通用)

2025-03-31
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English Express初高中英语速学
进店逛逛

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学段 初中
学科 英语
教材版本 初中英语沪教牛津版(广州深圳沈阳通用)(2012)八年级下册
年级 八年级
章节 -
类型 学案-知识清单
知识点 -
使用场景 同步教学-期中
学年 2025-2026
地区(省份) 全国
地区(市) -
地区(区县) -
文件格式 DOCX
文件大小 151 KB
发布时间 2025-03-31
更新时间 2025-03-31
作者 English Express初高中英语速学
品牌系列 上好课·考点大串讲
审核时间 2025-03-31
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2024-2025学年八年级下期中考点大串讲(牛津版) 专题03 短语、重点句式、语法归纳(考点清单) Unit 1 Helping those in need 重点短语 1. 报请批准:ask permission 2. 情绪高涨:be in high spirits 3. 无法做某事:be unable to do sth. 4. 因为;由于:because of 5. 继续做某事:continue to do sth. 6. 帮助某人:give sb. a hand 7. 做某事有困难:have difficulty (in) doing sth. 8. 需要帮助的:in need 9. 身体状况良好 / 较差:in good/bad health 10. 在某人空闲时间:in one’s free time 11. 为了:in order to 12. 与某人交朋友:make friends with 13. 为... 付费:pay for ... 14. 筹集善款:raise money 15. 使振奋:raise one’s spirits 16. 遭受:suffer from 17. 拍照:take photos of 18. 参加:take part in 19. 考虑:think about 20. 义务性工作:voluntary work  语法精萃(见下单元合起来讲解非-谓语动词) 重点句式 1.辛迪住院了,因为她患了严重的疾病。 Cindy is in hospital because she suffered from serious illnesses. 2.她想画一幅她家附近公园的画。 She wanted to paint a picture of the park near her home. 3.我去了那里并且拍了一些它(公园)的照片。 I went there and took some photos of it 4.她的父母在一场车祸中去世了,她既不开心又非常孤独。 Her parents died in a car accident, and she is unhappy and very lonely. 5.他在一次事故中伤了他的腿,但他很有勇气。 He hurt his legs in an accident, but he has lots of courage. 6.我们需要帮助像蒂姆这样的孩子,并且让他们振作起来。 We need to help children like Tim and raise their spirits. Unit 2 Body language 重点短语 1. 身势语;肢体语言:body language 2. 发生:take place 3. 坐起来;坐直 :sit up 4. 兼职工作 :part-time job 5. 抬着头 :hold one’s head up 6. 找某人帮忙;求助于某人 :go to sb. for help 7. 朝某人微笑 :smile at sb. 8. 给…… 留下好印象 :make a good impression on 9. 这会儿;现在 :at the moment 10. …… 的关键 :the key to….. 11. 握手 :shake hands 12. 点头 :nod one’s head 13. 摇头 :shake one’s head 14. 提醒某人某事 :remind sb. about sth. 15. 直视某人的眼睛 :look into sb’s eyes 16. 代替:instead of 语法精萃 我们从中考题中分析,对于非谓语动词语法能力考察集中于以下两点: (1)动词不定式 (2)动名词 考向分析:中考对于非谓语动词的考察要求考生们: (1)掌握非谓语动词的定义; (2)掌握动词不定式的用法; (3)掌握一些特殊结构。 非谓语动词,非谓语动词是指在句子中不是谓语的动词,主要包括不定式(to do)、动名词(doing)和分词【现在分词和过去分词(done)】,即动词的非谓语形式。非谓语动词除了不能独立作谓语外,可以承担句子的其他成分。通常出现在单项选择,语法选择,语法填空,选词填空等考题中。 考向一:动词不定式:to+ do 不定式的作用 例句 作主语 ①To learn is very important. ②To drive in the right is not allowed here. 注意:①不定式作主语时,可置句首。 ②如果过长,可采用it作形式主语,不定式后置的结构。 ※重点句式:1.It is/was+adj./n.+ to do(做什么。。是。。) ①It was difficult to answer the question. ※重点句式:2.It is/was+ adj.+ for sth./sb. +to do. 3.It is/was + adj.+ of sb.to do ①It is necessary for this door to be locked. ②It is very kind of you to help me. 4. It takes/took sb. +时间+ to do sth. 5. sb.+ be + adj. + to do sth. 6. think/find + it +adj.+ to do sth. 作表语 The most important thing is not to give up. 作宾语 ①I want to swim in the pool. ②They intend to postpone the trip. ③A good translator is hard to find. 作定语 2 Give him an ornament to polish. ②I need a volunteer to take the minutes. 作状语 ①The officer returned to help.(目的状语) ②My parents will be happy to meet you.(原因状语) 形式:①动名词与现在分词同型(v-ing) ②起到名词的作用 动名词的作用 例句 作主语(谓语动词为单数) Reading helps you learn English. 作宾语 (有的动词直接加动名词作其宾语;有的加介词后动名词作其宾语) 1.He quit smoking a year ago. 2.I look forward to helping you paint the house. It+形容词+动名词 It is no use telling him not to worry. (此类形容词还包括:better、wonderful、enjoyable、interesting、foolish、difficult、useless、senseless、worthwhile) 作表语 (对主语进一步说明,相当于一个名词) 1.My job is teaching. 2.Seeing is believing. 作定语 (表示用途或性质) 1. a swimming pool=a pool for swimming 2. a moving truck=a truck for moving. 考向三:不定式与疑问词的连用 不定式可以和疑问词who, when, what, how,等构成不定式短语,在句中作主语宾语和表语。 如:I don't know what to say. I don’t know what to do. I don’t know how to do it. I don’t know what to do about it. 考向四:常见非谓语考向 常用的带动词不定式to do的词 want ,would like ,agree, decide ,refuse ,learn too…to do, adj.+ enough to do 常用的带to do做宾语补足语 (v. + sb. + to do )的词 ask sb.(not) to do sth., tell sb.(not) to do sth want, would like, wish , teach , allow , encourage , help ,warn . 常用的不带to 的情况 let , make , had better. see, hear, watch 常用的只带 doing的词 Keep, enjoy ,practise, finish ,mind be busy doing, spend…(in) doing suggest doing, prefer doing to doing 介词+ doing 考向五:动词接Ving和to do的区别 有些谓语动词之后既可以加动词不定式 to do,也可以加动名词 doing,但是它们的中文意思不同。 如: stop to do something 停止手中事,去做另一件事 stop doing something 停止正在做的事 remember / forget / regret to do something 记得 / 忘记 / 遗憾要做某事(指动作尚未发生) remember / forget / regret doing something 记得 / 忘记 / 遗憾做了某事(指动作已经发生) try to do something 设法,努力去做,尽力 try doing something 试试去做,看有何结果 mean to do something 打算做,企图做 mean doing something 意思是,意味着 当谓语动词是感观动词时,其形式是:谓语动词+sb. / sth.+ do / doing, 但用法有区别: 如:watch sb. do 观看某人做了某事 see sb. do 看见某人做了某事 watch sb. doing 观看某人正在做某事 see sb. doing 看见某人正在做某事 hear sb. do 听见某人做了某事 find sb. do 发现某人做了某事 hear sb. doing 听见某人正在做某事 find sb. doing 发现某人正在做某事 真题展示 1. (2023·广州·语法选择)He was not fast enough ______ the worms (虫子) Mama Bird brought back. A. get B. got C. getting D. to get 【答案】D 【解析】句意:他没有那么快的去拿到鸟妈妈带回来的虫子。 get得到,动词原形;got过去式;getting现在分词;to get不定式。Enough + to do“足够……去做某事”。故选D。 2. (2023·广州·语法选择)He practiced ______ his wings, and they were getting stronger and stronger. A. flap B. to flap C. flapping D. flapped 【答案】 【解析】句意:他练习拍打他的翅膀,并且它们变得越来越强壮了。 flap拍打,动词原形;to flap不定式;flapping现在分词;flapped过去式或过去分词。practiced doing sth“练习做某事”。故选C。 3. (2023·扬州)Science is my favourite subject, so I have prepared ________ the STEAM Club. A. join B. joining C. to join D. to joining 【答案】C 【解析】句意:科学是我最喜欢的科目,所以我已经准备加入 STEAM俱乐部了。 考查非谓语动词。prepare to do sth“准备做某事”,固定短语,所以空处用动词不定式,故选C。 4. (2023·天津)David learnt ________ when he was five. A. swim B. swims C. swam D. to swim 【答案】D 【解析】句意:大卫五岁时学习游泳。 考查非谓语动词。learn to do sth“学习做某事”,为固定短语,故选D。 重点句式 1.她没有待在家里反而上学去了。 She went to school instead of staying at home. 2. 他的第一面给她留下了好印象。 His first appearance made a good impression on her. 3. 使用肢体语言能够很好地表达自己。 Using body language can make us express ourselves well. 4. 交流不仅仅是说话。 Communicating is more than just speaking. 5. 她的肢体语言让人们感到受欢迎。 Her body language is making people feel welcome. 6. 西蒙决定去改进他的肢体语言。 Simon decided to improve his body language. 7. 它能让人更容易理解我们。 It can make people understand us better. 8. 肢体语言是如此有趣,以至于能让谈话变得更轻松。 Body language is so interesting that it can make our conversation easier. 9. 它能帮助我们给别人留下好印象。 It can help us make a good impression on others. 10. 我想我们应该改善我们的肢体语言。 I think we should improve our body language. Unit 3 Traditional skills 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权,侵权必究!10 学科网(北京)股份有限公司 学科网(北京)股份有限公司 重点短语 1. 剪纸 :paper-cutting 2. 六十多岁 :over 60 years old 3. 剪成 :cut into 4. 出发;动身 :set off 5. 起伏;上下波动 :up and down 6. 天黑后;黄昏后 :after dark 7. (在某段时间内)一直;始终 :all the time 8. 阻止…… 做某事 :stop…. from 9. 准备好做某事:get ready for 10. 愿意做某事:be willing to do 11. 被…… 吸引:be attracted by 12. 练习做某事 :practise doing 13. 擅长 :be good at 语法精萃(与第四单元合起来讲解) 重点句式 1. 当他七岁时,他开始学剪纸。 When he was 7 years old, he began to learn paper cutting. 2. 李先生用他的手把纸变成漂亮的形状。 Mr Li uses his hands to turn the paper into beautiful shapes. 3. 剪纸只需要一些简单的工具。 Paper cutting only needs some simple tools 4. 我希望有一天我能学习剪纸。 Only some simple tools are required for paper cutting. 5. 中国有很多传统技艺。 There are many traditional skills in China. 6. 另外,我们可以知道不同地方的中国文化。 We can also know about cultures in different places of China. 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权,侵权必究!10 学科网(北京)股份有限公司 学科网(北京)股份有限公司 7. 然而,现在很少年轻的中国人擅长这些优良的传统技艺。 However, few young Chinese are good at these great traditional skills now. 8. 我们应该尽我们最大的努力去保护它们。 We should try our best to protect them. 9. 剪纸是青少年最受欢迎的传统技艺之一。 Paper cutting is one of the most popular traditional skills among teenagers。 10. 每个人都应该意识到保护传统技艺的重要性。 Everyone should realize the importance of protecting the traditional skills. 11. 在我看来,传统技艺应该被引进课堂。 In my opinion, traditional skills should be introduced into classes. 12. 总而言之,传统技艺将会越来越受欢迎。 In a word, traditional skills will be more and more popular. Unit 4 Cartoons and comic strips 重点短语 1. (眼睛) (因激动、惊奇)张大;睁大 (瞪起) :pop out 2. 确定一个主题 :decide on a topic 3. 同…… 比赛 :play against 4. 获得成功 :make it 5. 考虑:think of/about 6. 和…… 相匹配:match with 7. 对…… 满意 :be pleased with 8. 在 20 世纪 30 年代晚期:in the late 1930s 9. 使某人陷入麻烦. :get sb. into trouble 10. 嘲笑 :laugh at 11. 尽力做某事 :try to do 12. 很多;许多 :A number of 13. 给…… 添加一些文字:add some words to 14. 第二步 :in the second stage 15. 画个草图:make a rough sketch 语法精萃 被动语态 语态是动词的一种形式,用以说明主语与谓语动词之间的关系。本专题目的是要完全掌握被动语态的构成,能在语境中正确判断被动语态使用及时态变化。熟练掌握中考的考向及解题方法及思路。 被动语态在中考中一般以单项选择题,语法选择,选词填空,完成句子出现在中考的试卷中。各省市主要考查一般现在时,一般过去时,一般将来时,含情态动词的被动语态。考查的难点就是要判断是否要使用被动语态,这是历来学生出错的地方。判断的方法就是掌握动作的执行者和承受着这一概念。 考向一:被动语态的定义 定义:①主语是动作的执行者(即某人做某事),叫主动语态。 ②主语是动作的承受着(即某事被做)叫被动语态。 🔺英语中只有两种语态,一种为主动语态,另外一种为被动语态。被动语态就相当于我们中文的被字句。 主动语态 被动语态 表示主语是动作的执行者,谓语的动作源自主语,而施加于宾语 表示主语是动作的承受者,主语是谓语动作的受动方 汉语往往用"把"等动词来表示 主动意义。 汉语往往用"被""受"等被动词来表示被动意义 。 直接使用动词原形作为谓语 基本形式:be + done 考向二:被动语态的构成 一般现在时 am \ is \ are + done 一般过去时 was \ were + done 一般将来时(带情态动词) will(情态动词)+ be + done 1.(2023·广州·语法选择)This little one ____ Little Six. He was weak and quiet. A. called B. was calling C. was called D. were called 【答案】C 【解析】句意:这只小鸟被叫做小六。 called称呼,过去式;was calling正在叫;was called被叫做,主语是第一人称或单数;were called被叫做,主语是第二人称或复数。此处“This little one”与“call”之间是被动关系,用被动语态,主语是单数。故选C。 2. (2023·广州·完成句子) 我希望有一天我的绘画作品会在美术馆展出。 I hope one day my art works ________ ________ ________ in the art gallery. 【答案】will be shown 【解析】根据中英文对照可知,show表示“展出”,是动词,和主语之间是被动关系,结合“I hope one day”可知,句子应用一般将来时的被动语态:will be done。故填will;be;shown。 3. (2024·湖北鄂州) —What language ________ in Germany? —Most people speak German, but many can speak English, too. A. speak B. is spoken C. is speaking D. speaks 【答案】B 【解析】句意:——在德国说哪种语言?——大多数人会说德语,但也有很多人会说英语。 考查一般现在时的被动语态。句子应用一般现在时,句子主语language与动词speak存在逻辑上的被动关系,则句子采用一般现在时的被动语态,其谓语结构为:am/is/are+过去分词。故选B。 4. (2024·安徽)Computers have had a great influence on learning methods since they ________ into schools. A. introduce B. introduced C. are introduced D. were introduced 【答案】D 【解析】句意:自从计算机被引入学校以来,它们对学习方法产生了很大的影响。 考查时态和语态。since引导时间状语从句,从句用一般过去时,主语“they”指代“Computers”,与谓语动词introduce“引进”之间是动宾关系,所以用一般过去时的被动语态(were done)。故选D。 重点句式 1.首先,你需要对一个故事有一些基本的想法。 First, you need to have some basic ideas for a story. 2. 第二,想想你想要的角色和他们的样子。 Second, think about the characters you want and what they will look like. 3. 接下来,绘制详细的图片并添加颜色。 Next, draw detailed pictures and add colour. 4. 用计算机程序把这些图片拼在一起。 put the pictures together by using a computer program. 5. 最后,录制声音和音效。 Finally, record the voices and sound effects. $$

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专题03 单词,短语,语法归纳【考点清单】-2024-2025学年八年级英语下学期期中考点大串讲(沪教牛津版)(广州深圳沈阳通用)
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专题03 单词,短语,语法归纳【考点清单】-2024-2025学年八年级英语下学期期中考点大串讲(沪教牛津版)(广州深圳沈阳通用)
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专题03 单词,短语,语法归纳【考点清单】-2024-2025学年八年级英语下学期期中考点大串讲(沪教牛津版)(广州深圳沈阳通用)
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