精品解析：吉林省通化市梅河口市第五中学2024-2025学年高二下学期3月月考英语试题

高二英语3月考 第一部分 听力(共两节，满分30分) 做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。 第一节（共 5 小题；每小题 1.5 分，满分 7.5 分） 听下面 5 段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的 A、B、C 三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有 10 秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 例：How much is the shirt? A. £19.15. B. £9.18. C. £9.15. 答案是C。 1. What does the man plan to do? A. Look for a job. B. Move to a new place. C. Rearrange the furniture. 2. What are the speakers talking about? A. A new book. B. A morning paper. C. An African teacher. 3. How does the woman probably feel now? A. Regretful. B. Anxious. C. Confused. 4. Where does the conversation take place? A. In a restaurant. B. In a police station. C. In a car. 5. What is the man going to do tomorrow? A. Pay the bill. B. Check the mailbox. C. Fix the gas cooker. 第二节 （共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分） 听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。 6. What does Steve think of his training? A. Disappointing. B. Acceptable. C. Excellent. 7. How long does Steve train each day? A. Three hours. B. Five hours. C. Ten hours. 听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。 8. What does Mark say about live drawing? A. It’s enjoyable. B. It’s stressful. C. It’s creative. 9. What is the new thing that Mark wants to draw on? A. Magazines. B. Diaries. C. Maps. 10. Where do Mark’s inspirations come from? A. His dreams. B. His parents. C. His travels. 听第8段材料，回答第11至13题。 11. What position is the man interested in? A. Window cleaner. B. Shop assistant. C. Fitness coach. 12. What will be provided for the job? A. A company car. B. A smartphone. C. A video recorder. 13. What is needed to do the job? A. Computer skills. B. Physical strength. C. Work experience. 听第9段材料，回答第14至17题。 14. What does the man do? A. He’s a receptionist. B. He’s a secretary. C. He’s a waiter. 15. Why does the man say sorry to the woman? A. He showed her the wrong way. B. There is no reservation for her. C. Her name has been misspelled. 16. What is the man’s advice for the woman? A. Come back later. B. Talk to the manager. C. Postpone the meeting. 17. What will the woman probably do next? A. Tidy up a room. B. Make a phone call. C. Go for a coffee. 听第10段材料，回答第18至20题。 18. Why do many birds live in the city? A. They can obtain food easily. B. They enjoy human company. C. They lost their natural habitat. 19. What does Christina find surprising? A. The birds are facing serious dangers. B. Different kinds of birds live together. C. Some birds are attracted to the poles. 20. What is Christina’s suggestion concerning the birds? A. Drive them away. B. Feed them regularly. C. Do research on them. 第二部分 阅读（共两节，满分50分） 第一节 （共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A Spring turns Europe into a world of colors. If you want to experience spring in all its colourful glory, here are four of the best places for you. Blooming Baroque, Ludwigsburg, Germany The Blooming Baroque garden show in Ludwigsburg, Germany, has been welcoming visitors since 1954. Visit the 18th-century palace between March and November and you can not only see displays filled with flowers, but also watch different kinds of birds and visit gardens, climb Rapunzel's tower and get lost in a giant hedge maze (树篱迷宫). Keukenhof Gardens, Lisse, the Netherlands The largest flower garden in the world Keukenhof in the Netherlands is the best place to see the symbolic Dutch flower at its finest. Tulips explode across the gardens, with more than 800 different varieties. After you’ve wandered through the gardens, you can hire a bike at the main gate and then ride through the endless rows of picture-perfect flowered rainbows. The show runs from March 21 to May 10. Temps de Flors, Girona, Spain Girona’s medieval centre is transformed into a living gallery as flower carpets and special sculptures explode throughout the city centre each May. The Girona A Cappella Festival invites music lovers to engage all their senses as the sound, smell and sight of spring fill the city for 10 days in May. Normandy Tulip Festival, Vendcuvre, France The French garden of the 18th-century Vendeuvre Chateau in Normandy springs to life in April, as over30, 000 tulips, narcissi and grape hyacinths awaken. Open afternoons throughout April between 2 p. m. and 6p. m. 1. Where can you see a flower display in autumn? A. In the Netherlands. B. In Germany. C. In Spain. D. In France. 2. What of the following is the highlight of the Girona's flower display? A. A maze in a palace. B. An art exhibition. C. A music festival. D. A bicycle tour. 3. What can you enjoy in both Keukenhof Gardens and Normandy Tulip Festival? A. Different birds. B. Flowered rainbows. C. Plenty of tulips. D. A live concert. 【答案】1. B 2. C 3. C 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了四个最适合体验春天的地方。 【1题详解】 细节理解题。根据Blooming Baroque, Ludwigsburg, Germany中的“Visit the 18th-century palace between March and November and you can not only see displays filled with flowers, but also watch different kinds of birds and visit gardens, climb Rapunzel's tower and get lost in a giant hedge maze (树篱迷宫).(在3月到11月间参观这座18世纪的宫殿，你不仅可以看到鲜花，还可以参观各种各样的鸟类和花园，爬上长发公主的塔，在巨大的篱笆迷宫中迷失方向)”可知，秋天在德国可以看到花展。故选B。 【2题详解】 细节理解题。根据Temps de Flors, Girona, Spain中的“The Girona A Cappella Festival invites music lovers to engage all their senses as the sound, smell and sight of spring fill the city for 10 days in May.( 赫罗纳无伴奏合唱音乐节邀请音乐爱好者调动他们所有的感官，在5月的10天里，春天的声音、气味和景象充满了这座城市)”可知，赫罗纳花展的亮点是音乐节。故选C。 【3题详解】 细节理解题。根据Keukenhof Gardens, Lisse, the Netherlands中的“Tulips explode across the gardens, with more than 800 different varieties.(郁金香遍布整个花园，有800多种不同的品种)”和Normandy Tulip Festival, Vendeuvre, France中的“The French garden of the 18th-century Vendeuvre Chateau in Normandy springs to life in April, as over30, 000 tulips, narcissi and grape hyacinths awaken.(在4月，超过3万朵郁金香、水仙花和风信子苏醒了，位于诺曼底18世纪的法国凡尔赛宫Château花园焕发了生机)”可知，在库肯花园和诺曼底郁金香节都能享受到很多郁金香。故选C。 B Is modern fruit cultivated (培育) to be sweeter than in the past? The short answer is yes, though the longer answer is more complicated. Some of the most powerful evidence that fruit is sweeter than before comes from zoos. In 2018, it was reported that Melboume Zoo in Australia had stopped giving fruit to most of its animals because cultivated fruit was now so sweet that it was causing tooth decay (蛀牙) and weight gain. The monkeys at the zoo were provided with a lower-sugar vegetable-based diet instead of bananas. Among fruit cultivators, the word “quality” is now routinely used as an equal for “high in sugar” (though firmness, color and size are also considerations). In 2010, in an article looking at ways to enhance the sweetness of fruit using “molecuiar (分子的) approaches”, a group of plant scientists of the Republic of Korea wrote that “in general, the sugar content” of many fruits is now higher than before “owing to continuous selection and breeding”. Modern apple varieties, the scientists noted, were on average sweeter than older ones. Cultivation isn’t the only reason that modern fruit is sweeter; there’s also climate change. Research from Japan found that since the 1970s, with rising temperatures, Fuji apples (which were already a sweet variety) have become significantly sweeter and softer. The lead researcher, Toshihoko Sugiura, said that “if you could taste an apple harvested 30 years ago, you would feel the difference”. It is sometimes claimed that the sweetness of modern fruit is not due to higher sugar content so much as the fact that the bitterness and sourness of wild fruit have been steadily cultivated out of it. There’s a grain — but only a grain — of truth in this. Studies of wild apples do indeed suggest that some ancient varieties were just as high in sugar as a modern Pink Lady or Honeycrisp. The difference is that there was much wider variation in sugar content across wild apples, whereas the modern supermarket apple seldom drops below a certain level of sweetness. 4. Why did Melbourne Zoo stop giving fruit to most of its animals? A. The animals preferred a vegetable- based diet. B. Modern fruit did great harm to animals’ teeth. C. The sugar content of modern fruit is lower than before. D. The flavor of modern fruit was not good for the animals. 5. What can we learn from paragraph 3? A. The sugar content is breeders’ first priority. B. Sweeter fruits are just a result of natural selection. C. The sweetness of modern apples is equal to the average of older ones. D. Molecular approaches are adopted to add the sweetness of modern fruit. 6. What do studies of wild apples in the last paragraph suggest? A. Apples of old species tasted less sweet. B. The sugar content of wild apples varied greatly. C. The sweetness of modern apples is of the same level. D. Fruit is sweet because bitterness in it has disappeared. 7. What’s the best title for this passage? A. Modern or Old: Which Is Better? B. Modern Fruit: Sweetness Is Quality. C. Fruit Is Sweeter: It’s Not a Misconception. D. Melbourne Zoo: Animals Stop Eating Fruits. 【答案】4. B 5. D 6. B 7. C 【解析】 【导语】文章是说明文。文章主要讲述了现代农业技术使得现代水果比以前更甜。 【4题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章第二段的“In 2018, it was reported that Melboume Zoo in Australia had stopped giving fruit to most of its animals because cultivated fruit was now so sweet that it was causing tooth decay(蛀牙) and weight gain.(据报道，2018年，澳大利亚墨尔本动物园已经停止给大多数动物提供水果，因为现在种植的水果太甜了，会导致蛀牙和体重增加。)”可知现代水果对动物的牙齿有很大的危害，因此停止了给动物供应水果。故选B项。 【5题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章第三段“Among fruit cultivators, the word “quality” is now routinely used as an equal for “high in sugar”(though firmness, color and size are also considerations). In 2010, in an article looking at ways to enhance the sweetness of fruit using “molecuiar(分子的) approaches”, a group of plant scientists of the Republic of Korea wrote that “in general, the sugar content” of many fruits is now higher than before “owing to continuous selection and breeding”. (在水果种植者中，“优质”这个词现在通常被用作“高糖”的同义词(尽管硬度、颜色和大小也要考虑在内)。2010年，韩国的一组植物科学家在一篇文章中探讨了如何利用“分子方法”来提高水果的甜度，他们写道，“总的来说，由于不断的选择和育种”，现在许多水果的“含糖量”比以前要高。)”可知，现代水果的甜度采用分子方法，故选D项。 【6题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章最后一段的“The difference is that there was much wider variation in sugar content across wild apples, whereas the modern supermarket apple seldom drops below a certain level of sweetness.(不同之处在于，野生苹果的含糖量变化更大，而现代超市里的苹果很少低于一定的甜度。)” 可知野生苹果的含糖量变化很大，故选B项。 【7题详解】 主旨大意题。根据文章第一段内容“Is modern fruit cultivated(培育) to be sweeter than in the past? The short answer is yes, though the longer answer is more complicated.( 现代种植的水果比过去更甜吗?简短的回答是肯定的，但较长的回答更为复杂)”并通读全文可知，文章主要讲述了现代农业技术使得现代水果比以前更甜。可知C项“水果更甜：这不是一个误解。”为最佳标题，故选C项。 C When you’re bored, you might start playing with a ball or other objects. Such behavior is common in people. Other animals like it too—that’s why a dog fetches a stick, or a cat bats at toys. Play is an enjoyable way to pass the time. A new study finds that it’s not just mammals that like to play. Bumblebees (大黄蜂) do it too, making them the first insects known to play. In the study, Hiruni Samadi Galpayage Dona, an insect expert, did an experiment using 200 untrained bumblebees to see if they might play. Of those, 45 would be marked with a number when they emerged as adults. A pathway was set up from the bumblebees’ nest to a feeding area. One side contained small wooden balls that rolled. The other side had the same number of balls, but they were stuck to the floor. Half balls on each side were colored balls. The rest were left unpainted. For three hours a day over 18 days, Galpayage Dona found bumblebees weren’t so interested in the side where the balls didn’t move, but they explored the side areas and interacted with the balls. Once they managed to roll a ball, they strongly preferred that side. They returned, climbing on the balls and rolling them around. She also found bumblebees preferred certain colors of balls. “There’s something about the mobility that is more interesting for the bumblebees than just colored objects,” Galpayage Dona says. In another experiment, she sometimes left the balls out overnight. “When I came in the next day, I would always find some bumblebees rolling the balls.” As with mammals, the bumblebees who played the most were the younger ones. Their play tapered off as they got older. The scientists say it’s not clear why the bumblebees roll the balls or whether they enjoy it. But the experiment raises important questions about how the insects’ minds work and whether they have feelings. 8. How does the author introduce the topic? A. By describing the fun of play. B. By analyzing reasons for boredom. C. By introducing similar phenomena. D. By presenting animals’ cute images. 9. What did the researcher do in the experiment? A. She trained bumblebees to play balls. B. She put small balls along the pathway. C. She set up a pathway in bumblebees’ nest. D. She rewarded the bumblebees with rolled balls. 10. What does the underlined part “tapered off” probably mean in paragraph 5? A. Mattered. B. Helped. C. Decreased. D. Emerged. 11. What can be the best title for the text? A. Bumblebees Prefer Shape to Color B. Balls Are Bumblebees’ Favorite Toys C. Playing with Objects Is Animals’ Second Nature D. Bumblebees Are the First Insects Known to Play 【答案】8. C 9. B 10. C 11. D 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。一项新的研究发现，喜欢玩耍的不仅仅是哺乳动物。大黄蜂也这样做，这使它们成为已知的喜欢玩耍的第一种昆虫。 【8题详解】 推理判断题。根据第一段“When you’re bored, you might start playing with a ball or other objects. Such behavior is common in people. Other animals like it too — that’s why a dog fetches a stick, or a cat bats at toys. Play is an enjoyable way to pass the time. A new study finds that it’s not just mammals that like to play. Bumblebees (大黄蜂) do it too, making them the first insects known to play.(当你感到无聊时，你可能会开始玩球或其他物体。这种行为在人群中很常见。其他动物也喜欢它——这就是为什么狗会捡到一根棍子，或者猫会向玩具发起攻击。玩耍是消磨时间的一种令人愉快的方式。一项新的研究发现，喜欢玩耍的不仅仅是哺乳动物。大黄蜂也这样做，使它们成为已知的第一种昆虫)”可知，作者介绍了人类和一些动物是相似的，都会通过玩耍来消磨时间，以此来引起文章主题——大黄蜂也这样做。由此推知，作者通过介绍相似现象来引起文章主题。故选C。 【9题详解】 细节理解题。根据第三段中“A pathway was set up from the bumblebees’ nest to a feeding area. One side contained small wooden balls that rolled.(一条小路从大黄蜂的巢穴通往一个进食区。一边是滚动的小木球)”可知，在实验中，研究者她把小球放在小路上。故选B。 【10题详解】 词句猜测题。根据划线词上文“As with mammals, the bumblebees who played the most were the younger ones.(和哺乳动物一样，大黄蜂玩得最多的是年轻的)”和划线词所在句子“Their play tapered off as they got older.(随着年龄的增长，它们的玩耍逐渐tapered off)”可知，和哺乳动物一样，大黄蜂玩得最多的是年轻的，这说明那些岁数大的黄蜂玩得较少。由此推知，随着年龄的增长，大黄蜂的玩得次数减少。由此推知，划线短语“tapered off”意为“减少”，与C项“Decreased.(减少)”意思一样。故选C。 11题详解】 主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其是第一段中“A new study finds that it’s not just mammals that like to play. Bumblebees (大黄蜂) do it too, making them the first insects known to play.(一项新的研究发现，喜欢玩耍的不仅仅是哺乳动物。大黄蜂也这样做，使它们成为已知的第一种昆虫)”可知，文章主要讲了实验表明，大黄蜂是已知的喜欢玩耍的第一种昆虫。由此可知，D项“大黄蜂是已知的玩耍的第一种昆虫”适合做文章标题。故选D。 D The UN this week launched a report urging companies to stop issuing false net-zero targets that amount to greenwashing. Greenwashing is a term used to describe situations where companies mislead consumers by claiming to be eco-friendly or sustainable as a marketing plan rather than as a core principle of their business model. Often, these industries spend more money making themselves appear sustainable than they do taking actual sustainable measures into their company. Cities, financial institutions, and scores of companies have announced plans to reduce their emissions to zero, which, in principle, should help the fight against climate change. “The problem is that the criteria for these net-zero commitments have varying levels of precision and loopholes (漏洞),” said UN Secretary-General Antonio Guterres during the launch of the report. Many net-zero plans contain far-away or unclear targets and often call for the use of unproved technologies like carbon capture and tree planting, which effectively allow companies to continue polluting the atmosphere. Studies show that most of these net-zero plans will do little to stop temperatures from rising. For example, many oil majors have announced plans to reduce emissions from their operations to zero by 2050 that do not take into account the carbon emitted by the fossil fuels they sell, which would allow them to increase production. Far from decreasing, fossil fuel production is going strong. To close these net-zero loopholes, the UN this week released a report that includes 10 recommendations to ensure that companies, cities, regions, and other non-state actors issue credible and accountable net zero commitments. “Their plans cannot rely on cheap carbon credits instead of immediately cutting their own emissions,” Guterres said. Financial institutions need to cut down emissions from all their investments and businesses need to bring down the carbon footprint of their supply chain, the report said. The report’s lead author, Catherine McKenna, urged companies to release new net-zero targets within a year. The updated targets must contain concrete actionable details. 12. What does “greenwashing” refer to? A. A green technology. B. A misleading statement. C. A business model. D. A spending target. 13. Why does the author mention the oil majors? A. To prove oil majors are really responsible. B. To set some good examples for other companies. C. To show some net- zero commitments make no sense. D. To indicate the benefit of net zero plans to climate change. 14. How does Guterres feel about the issued net-zero plans? A. Dissatisfied. B. Guilty. C. Shocked. D. Confused. 15. What is advised to do to fix net-zero loopholes? A. Plant more trees. B. Share more supply chains. C. Depend on cheap carbon credits. D. Make concrete actionable targets. 【答案】12 B 13. C 14. A 15. D 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了联合国本周发布了一份报告，敦促企业停止发布相当于“洗绿”的虚假净零目标。 【12题详解】 词句猜测题。根据第二段中“Greenwashing is a term used to describe situations where companies mislead consumers by claiming to be eco-friendly or sustainable as a marketing plan rather than as a core principle of their business model.(“绿色清洗”是一个术语，用来描述这样一种情况：企业声称自己是环保型或可持续型的营销计划，而不是其商业模式的核心原则，从而误导消费者)”可推知，“洗绿”指的是一种误导性的说法。故选B。 【13题详解】 推理判断题。根据第五段第一句话“Many net-zero plans contain far-away or unclear targets and often call for the use of unproved technologies like carbon capture and tree planting, which effectively allow companies to continue polluting the atmosphere(许多净零排放计划包含遥远或不明确的目标，往往要求使用未经证实的技术，如碳捕获和植树，这实际上允许企业继续污染大气)”可知，一些净零承诺包含遥远或不明确的目标，往往要求使用未经证实的技术，这会允许企业继续污染大气。由此推知，一些净零承诺是没有意义的。接着文章列举石油巨头的例子“For example, many oil majors have announced plans to reduce emissions from their operations to zero by 2050 that do not take into account the carbon emitted by the fossil fuels they sell, which would allow them to increase production. Far from decreasing, fossil fuel production is going strong.(例如，许多石油巨头宣布了到2050年将其业务排放量减至零的计划，这些计划没有考虑到它们销售的化石燃料所排放的碳，这将使它们能够增加产量。化石燃料产量非但没有下降，反而增长强劲)”来说明一些净零承诺是没有意义的。故选C。 【14题详解】 推理判断题。根据第四段中““The problem is that the criteria for these net-zero commitments have varying levels of precision and loopholes (漏洞),” said UN Secretary-General Antonio Guterres during the launch of the report.(“问题在于，这些净零排放承诺的标准有不同程度的精确性和漏洞，”联合国秘书长Antonio Guterres在报告发布时说)”可推知，Guterres对净零计划是不满意的。故选A。 【15题详解】 细节理解题。根据最后一段中“The report’s lead author, Catherine McKenna, urged companies to release new net-zero targets within a year. The updated targets must contain concrete actionable details.(该报告的主要作者Catherine McKenna敦促企业在一年内公布新的净零排放目标。更新后的目标必须包含具体的可操作细节)”可知，建议制定具体可行的目标来弥补净零漏洞，故选D。 第二节 (共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分) 根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 Supporting Others We’re always being told that the secret to happiness lies in helping others. Indeed, it’s natural to want to support those we care about, especially if we are in a position to do so.___16___ When we offer support, it may not always be wanted. ___17___ In this case, offering support in the manner of “... if l were you, I would ...” can feel like a scolding rather than support. If our support feels conditional, it can feel burdensome. ___18___ When someone is trying to manage illness or a house move, just saying “What would help you today?” can be amazingly supportive. Or, suggest what you can do for them: picking up some shopping, taking the dog for a walk. Even if it’s not needed, just knowing you’ ve been thought of can be supportive in itself. Try to be mindful of offering support that is disabling, rather than enabling. My son, when aged five, wanted to make a cup of tea. I could see how inspiring it was for him to be able to do this. So I filled the kettle and took him through the safety measures. It felt like a huge risk but it worked. His pleasure was immeasurable. The same principle applies when we offer support that increases someone else’s capacity. ___19___ Sometimes the only support that’s needed is to listen without judgement. ___20___ This reassures them that someone cares enough to listen while they ground themselves. When times are tough, remember to keep things stable. Waiting until the storm has passed is all it takes. Support often works best when it’s a two-way process. It is good to know how to accept help from others as well as offer support to them. A. Here are the pros and cons of supporting others. B. Just be there, while someone lets out their feelings. C. Ask what support is needed and provide a practical one. D. This can often be a bigger gift than just doing it for them. E. But we can do more by thinking about the support we offer. F. Because being judgmental can only make someone annoyed. G. Sometimes people are trying to manage life in their own way. 【答案】16. E 17. G 18. C 19. D 20. B 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇议论文。文章介绍了我们应该如何支持别人及在支持别人的过程中应注意什么。 【16题详解】 由上一句“Indeed, it’s natural to want to support those we care about, especially if we are in a position to do so.(确实，想要支持那些我们在乎的人是很正常的，特别是如果我们有能力这么做的话)”可知，E选项“But we can do more by thinking about the support we offer.(但是，通过考虑我们提供的支持，我们可以做的更多)”承接上文，且选项中“thinking about the support we offer(想想我们提供的支持)”与下文“When we offer support, it may not always be wanted(当我们提供支持时，可能并不总是被需要的)”相呼应，符合语境。故选E。 【17题详解】 由上一句“When we offer support, it may not always be wanted.(当我们提供支持时，它可能并不总是被需要的)”和下一句“In this case, offering support in the manner of “... if I were you, I would ...” can feel like a scolding rather than support.(在这种情况下，以一种“如果我是你……，我会……)”的方式提供帮助，感觉像是一种斥责而不是支持。”可知，此空承上启下。G选项:“Sometimes people are trying to manage life in their own way.(有时人们想用自己的方式管理生活)”与上文“it may not always be wanted(它可能并不总是被需要的)”和下文“In this case(在这种情况下)”相呼应。故选G。 【18题详解】 由下文“ When someone is trying to manage illness or a house move, just saying “What would help you today?” can be amazingly supportive (当别人正试图处理疾病或者搬家的时候，只是说一句“有什么能帮你的吗？就是一种极大的支持)”可知，C选项：Ask what support is needed and provide a practical one.(询问需要什么支持并提供一个实际的)符合语境，选项中“Ask what support is needed(询问需要什么支持)”与下文“just saying, What would help you today?( 只是说一句，有什么能帮你的吗?)”相呼应。故选C。 【19题详解】 由上一句“The same principle applies when we offer support that increases someone else’s capacity.(同样的原则也适用于，当我们提供支持以增强一个人的能力时)”可知，D选项：This can often be a bigger gift than just doing it for them. (与为他们做这件事相比，这往往是一个更大的礼物)符合语境。D选项中“This”指代上文“when we offer support that increases someone else’s capacity(当我们提供的支持增加了别人的能力)”。故选D。 【20题详解】 由上一句“Sometimes the only support that’s needed is to listen without judgement(有时，唯一需要的支持就是聆听，不加评判)”可知，B选项：Just be there, while someone lets out their feelings.( 当有人倾诉的时候，你就待在那里)中“Just be there(你就待在那里)”承接上文“to listen without judgement(不加评判地倾听)”。故选B。 第三部分 语言运用(共两节, 满分30分) 第一节(共15小题; 每小题1分, 满分15分) 阅读下面短文, 从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 Baby Miloszek was born with a heart defect. His disease is too ____21____ to be treated in Poland, but doctors at Stanford University Medical Center are able to take his case. ____22____, they require 80 percent of the payment in advance, a sum the family simply could not ____23____. That’s when Maria Andrejczyk ____24____ in to help ! Just a week after ____25____ her first Olympic medal ever and returning from Japan, Maria posted a(n) ____26____ on a social media platform announcing that she would be auctioning (拍卖) off her silver medal to raise money for Miloszek’s surgery. Days later, a Polish convenience store called Zabka purchased the medal ____27____$125,000, which was more than Maria had ____28____ to get. Not only that, but when her story ____29____ , more people began donating to the fundraiser. Finally, they pulled in more than enough cash to ____30____ Miloszek’s trip to America! And the warm ____31____ doesn’t end there. Zabka announced that they would let Maria keep her ____32____ forever! “We were deeply touched by the extremely ____33____ act of our Olympian, so we decided to support the ____34____ for Miloszek,” the company wrote. “We decided that the silver medal from Tokyo will stay with Maria! We are glad that we were able to ____35____.” 21. A. severe B. pessimistic C. crucial D. sustainable 22. A. Potentially B. Ultimately C. Precisely D. Unfortunately 23. A. ensure B. afford C. expect D. guarantee 24. A. crowded B. turned C. stepped D. brought 25. A. gaining B. defending C. declining D. submitting 26. A. parcel B. message C. application D. exhibition 27. A. by B. at C. for D. with 28. A. budgeted B. anticipated C. tackled D. subscribed 29. A. exposed B. submitted C. broke D. revealed 30. A. cover B. secure C. provide D. enhance 31. A. gratitude B. enterprise C. sympathy D. gesture 32. A. secret B. medal C. belongings D. reputation 33. A. noble B. subsequent C. adorable D. rewarding 34. A. fundraiser B. request C. commitment D. recovery 35. A. motivate B. engage C. contribute D. advocate 【答案】21. A 22. D 23. B 24. C 25. A 26. B 27. C 28. B 29. C 30. A 31. D 32. B 33. A 34. A 35. C 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了在东京奥运会上获得银牌的波兰运动员Maria Andrejczyk在社交平台上发帖子，计划卖掉自己的银牌来救助患心脏病的儿童Miloszek的故事。 【21题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他的病情非常严重，无法在波兰治疗，但斯坦福大学医疗中心的医生能够接受他的病例。 A. severe严重的；B. pessimistic悲观的；C. crucial至关重要的；D. sustainable可持续的。根据下文“but doctors at Stanford University Medical Center are able to take his case”可知，Miloszek的病情太严重了，在波兰无法得到治疗。故选A。 【22题详解】 考查副词词义辨析。句意：不幸的是，他们要求预付80%的房款，这个家庭根本负担不起这笔钱。A. Potentially潜在地；B. Ultimately最终；C. Precisely精确地；D. Unfortunately不幸的是。根据下文“a sum the family simply could not ___3___.”可知，不幸的是，他们需要预付80%的费用，而这个家庭根本负担不起这笔巨额的医疗费。故选D。 【23题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：不幸的是，他们要求预付80%的房款，这个家庭根本负担不起这笔钱。A. ensure确保；B. afford负担得起；C. expect期望；D. guarantee保证。根据“That’s when Maria Andrejczyk　　　4　　　　 in to help !”推知，Miloszek家里负担不起巨额医疗费。故选B。 【24题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：这时Maria Andrejczyk来帮忙了! A. crowded拥挤；B. turned变；C. stepped踏；D. brought带来。根据下文“she would be auctioning (拍卖) off her silver medal to raise money for Miloszek’s surgery”可知，Maria介入进来帮助Miloszek，step in意为“介入”。故选C。 【25题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：在从日本获得她的第一枚奥运会奖牌并返回一周后，Maria在社交媒体平台上发布了一条消息，宣布她将拍卖自己的银牌，为Miloszek的手术筹集资金。A. gaining得到；B. defending保卫；C. declining拒绝；D. submitting提交。根据下文“she would be auctioning (拍卖) off her silver medal to raise money for Miloszek’s surgery”可知，Maria在东京奥运会上获得了她的首枚奥运奖牌。故选A。 【26题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：在从日本获得她的第一枚奥运会奖牌并返回一周后，Maria在社交媒体平台上发布了一条消息，宣布她将拍卖自己的银牌，为Miloszek的手术筹集资金。A. parcel包裹；B. message信息；C. application申请；D. exhibition展览。根据下文“ that she would be auctioning (拍卖) off her silver medal to raise money for Miloszek’s surgery”可知，在获得奖牌回国一周后，Maria在社交平台上发布了一条消息，宣布她将拍卖她的奥运会银牌为Miloszek的手术筹集资金。故选B。 【27题详解】 考查介词词义辨析。句意：几天后，一家名为Zabka的波兰便利店以12.5万美元的价格买下了这枚奖牌，这比玛丽亚预期的要多。A. by被；B. at在……岁时；C. for以……为代价；D. with和。根据上文“purchased the medal”和下文“$125,000”可知，一家名为Zabka的波兰便利店以12.5万美元的价格买下了这枚奖牌，空格处意为“以……为代价”。故选C。 【28题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：几天后，一家名为Zabka的波兰便利店以12.5万美元的价格买下了这枚奖牌，这比玛丽亚预期的要多。A. budgeted制定预算；B. anticipated预期；C. tackled解决；D. subscribed订阅。根据上文“she would be auctioning (拍卖) off her silver medal to raise money”可知，她拍卖奖牌是为了筹钱，拍卖前肯定对能卖出的价钱有一定的预期，所以此处表示“这比玛丽亚预期的要多”。故选B。 【29题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：不仅如此，当她的故事传开后，越来越多的人开始向筹款活动捐款。A. exposed使暴露；B. submitted提交；C. broke突然传开；D. revealed展示。根据下文“more people began donating to the fundraiser”可知，当她的故事传开后，越来越多的人开始向筹款活动捐款。故选C。 【30题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：最后，他们筹到了足够Miloszek美国之行的钱！A. cover足够支付；B. secure保护；C. provide提供；D. enhance提高。根据上文“Not only that, but when her ___9___ broke, more people began donating to the fundraiser.”可知，最后，他们筹到了足够支付Miloszek美国之行的钱，故选A。 【31题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：善意的行为还不止于此。A. gratitude感激；B. enterprise企业；C. sympathy同情；D. gesture手势，姿势，姿态。根据上文“Finally, they pulled in more than enough cash to ___10___ Miloszek’s trip to America!”可知，人们的善意并没有因为帮Miloszek筹到了去美国治病的费用而停止，空格处用“姿态”，表示善良的举动。故选D。 【32题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：Zabka宣布他们最终还是会让Maria保留她的奖牌！A. secret秘密；B. medal奖牌；C. belongings所有物，财物；D. reputation名声。根据下文“We decided that the silver medal from Tokyo will stay with Maria!”可知，Zabka宣布他们会让Maria保留她的奖牌，故选B。 【33题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：该公司写道：“我们被这位奥运选手极其高尚的行为所感动，所以我们决定支持Miloszek的筹款活动。”A. noble高尚的；B. subsequent随后的；C. adorable可爱的；D. rewarding值得的。根据上文“she would be auctioning (拍卖) off her silver medal to raise money for Miloszek’s surgery”可知，这位奥运选手拍卖自己的奖牌来为人筹款的行为是高尚的。故选A。 【34题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：该公司写道：“我们被这位奥运选手极其高尚的行为所感动，所以我们决定支持Miloszek的筹款活动。”A. fundraiser资金筹集人；B. request要求；C. commitment承诺；D. recovery恢复。根据上文“she would be auctioning (拍卖) off her silver medal to raise money for Miloszek’s surgery”和第9空后的“more people began donating to the fundraiser”可知，Maria Andrejczyk是Miloszek的治疗费用的资金筹集人。故选A。 【35题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我们很高兴能够做出贡献。A. motivate激励，激发；B. engage从事；C. contribute贡献；D. advocate提倡。根据上文“We decided that the silver medal from Tokyo will stay with Maria”可知，Zabka很高兴能够为此作出贡献。故选C。 第二节（共10小题：每小题1.5分，满分15分） 阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。 To understand a painting, we’re taught to look for color, composition, and light. But how can a painting ____36____ (appreciate)by someone who’s blind? Through touch, the one thing gallery signs tell you not ____37____ (do). John Olson, a former ____38____ (photograph)and his team turn paintings into fully textured 3D models. The tactile(可触知的)paintings work as a way to show art to ____39____ blind because we don’t see with just Our eyes: We see with our brains. Research in the field of neuroplasticity-the brain’s adaptability-shows that the visual cortex(大脑皮层)is made active by touch. Blind people recognize shapes with their ____40____ (exist) senses, in a way similar to that of ____41____ (sight )people, says Ella Striem-Amit, a Harvard scientist. Luc Gandarias, who’s now thirteen, went blind suddenly ____42____ age seven. When he felt a 3D version of Leonardo da Vinci’s “Mona Lisa” he ____43____ (notice)her smile right away. ”I can actually feel what you see when you look at it,” he said. For Luc, this means ____44____ (independent). "The feeling of being able to see it _____45_____ to form my opinion is like breaking down another wall as a blind person.” 【答案】36. be appreciated 37. to do 38. photographer 39. the 40. existing 41. sighted 42. at 43. noticed 44 independence 45. and 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。短文介绍了触觉画是向盲人展示艺术的一种方式。 【36题详解】 考查含有情态动词的被动语态。句意：但是一个盲人怎么能欣赏一幅画呢？主语a painting与谓语appreciate为被动关系，且置于情态动词can 之后，所以本句为含有情态动词的被动语态。 故填be appreciated。 【37题详解】 考查不定式。句意：通过触摸，这是画廊招牌告诉你不要做的一件事。tell sb not to do sth“告诉某人不要做某事”为固定短语。故填to do。 【38题详解】 考查名词。句意：约翰·奥尔森是一位前摄影师，他和他的团队将绘画转化为全纹理3D模型。单数名词做主语，根据句意表示“摄影师”，此处为单数概念，故填photographer。 【39题详解】 考查冠词。句意：触觉画是向盲人展示艺术的一种方式，因为我们不仅仅用眼睛看；我们用大脑看。the blind“盲人”，the+形容词表示一类人。故填the。 【40题详解】 考查形容词。句意：哈佛大学的科学家埃拉·斯特里姆-阿米特(Ella Striem-Amit)说，盲人用他们现有的感官识别形状，在某种程度上与正常人相似。形容词existing作定语，修饰sense。故填existing。 【41题详解】 考查形容词。句意：哈佛大学的科学家埃拉·斯特里姆-阿米特(Ella Striem-Amit)说，盲人用他们现有的感官识别形状，在某种程度上与正常人相似。形容词sighted作定语修饰名词people，表示“能看见的、不盲的”。故填sighted。 【42题详解】 考查介词。句意：Luc Gandarias今年13岁，7岁时突然失明。表示在多大年龄时，用介词at。故填at。 【43题详解】 考查时态。句意：当他触摸到莱昂纳多·达·芬奇的3D版《蒙娜丽莎》时，他立刻注意到了她的微笑。根据“he felt”可知，本句为一般过去时。故填noticed。 【44题详解】 考查名词。句意：对卢克来说，这意味着独立。不可数名词independence作mean的宾语。 故填independence。 【45题详解】 考查连词。句意：能够看到它并形成我的观点的感觉就像盲人推倒了另一堵墙。根据句意可知，前后为并列关系，所以用and来连接。故填and。 第四部分 写作（共两节，满分40分） 第一节（满分15分） 46. 假定你是李华，在春节期间，你参加了一些中国传统活动。请给你的外国好友Jim写一封信，分享你的活动经历。内容包括： 1.简要介绍某次活动； 2.活动过程中的感受。 注意： 1.写作词数应为80个左右； 2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 Dear Jim, ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours, Li Hua 【答案】Dear Jim, I hope this letter finds you well. I want to share an exciting experience during the Spring Festival. I took part in a dragon and lion dance event. The dance, a long-standing tradition, is believed to bring good luck. We spent days cleaning costumes and training. On the performance day, the streets were crowded. The dragon and lion “came alive”. I felt proud of our culture and the strong sense of community. Hope you can see it someday! Best regards, Yours, Li Hua 【解析】 【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生以李华的身份给外国好友Jim写一封信，分享春节期间参加中国传统活动的经历。 【详解】1. 词汇积累 令人兴奋的：exciting → thrilling/exhilarating 参与：take part in → participate in 传统：tradition → custom/heritage 好运：luck → fortune 2. 句式拓展 简单句变复合句 原句：I took part in a dragon and lion dance event. 拓展句：I took part in a dragon and lion dance event which is a very popular traditional activity during the Spring Festival. 【点睛】[高分句型1] I hope this letter finds you well. (运用了省略连接词that的宾语从句) [高分句型2] The dance, a long standing tradition, is believed to bring good luck. (运用了“a long standing tradition”作同位语和固定句式“sth.be believed to do sth.”) 第二节(满分25分) 47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 Tim’s heart raced as he drove to the lawyer’s office. He was bequeathed (遗赠) a mysterious box his dad had never allowed him and his sister to even go near. He signed papers, but was shocked to learn he didn’t get the key to open it and nothing about the key was mentioned in the will. “You’ll have to figure that out!” the lawyer said. Tim left the office, puzzled about what his late dad had left him. Just then, he remembered his childhood home where he and his twin sister Karen grew up. They had lost their mother just two months after they were born. They were raised by their dad Jonathan, and the two were the best friends! As they grew older, they were drawn to the mysterious box, but their dad warned them never to touch it, and even hung the key on a nail high above the fireplace so that they would never get their hands on its contents. Whatever he was hiding from his kids, he was on guard at all times. As the years fleeted by, Tim and Karen moved on with their respective lives. And their brother-sister bond went downhill. The twins fought over who would inherit (继承) their dad’s house. Jonathan was heartbroken and whatever trick he tried to reconcile (和解) them, nothing worked. Meanwhile, Jonathan’s health began to decline, and even on his deathbed, he wished his kids would put aside their differences and get back together. What would Tim do with the inherited box now? He went to his childhood home to find the key. The house no longer appeared like that loving home Tim remembered growing up in. When he reached to grab the key above the fireplace he sensed someone behind him. “What are you doing here?” screamed Karen, casting the cell phone flashlight on Tim’s face. “Dad bequeathed me his old chest, and I came here looking for the key. But what are you doing here?” “Dad bequeathed me the key! So I came here to find the chest,” said Karen, puzzled about his father’s decision. 注意： 1.写作词数应为150左右； 2.请在答题卡的相应位置作答。 “Something had to be wrong,” they thought and stared at each other. ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Tears ran down their cheeks at seeing their childhood photos with their father and mother. ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】 “Something had to be wrong,” they thought and stared at each other. Both of them were puzzled about why their father gave one the key and the other the chest. Neither could open the chest without the other’s help. Suddenly they realized that only by giving out what their father gave them could they have the possibility to open the chest. Their father wanted them both put down their hatred and their father had been expecting they reconciled with each other. Karen gently passed the key to Tim and said, “You can open the chest with this key.” Tears ran down their cheeks at seeing their childhood photos with their father and mother. They saw how sweet and happy they used to be. But now their brother-sister bond went downhill, and they had lost their beloved father and mother. Until death, their father still wanted to see them reconcile with each other, but they didn’t. What they did must have made their father sad and disappointed. At this moment, they felt more than guilty and they made up their mind to fix the gap and went back to their sweet and happy brother-sister life. 【解析】 【导语】本文以人物为中心展开，主要讲述蒂姆和凯伦兄妹两个各自收到了父亲的遗赠——一个盒子和一把钥匙，因为父亲想让关系走到低谷的兄妹两个能够和好如初。 【详解】1.段落续写： ①由第一段首句内容““肯定出了什么问题，”他们想了想，然后互相凝视。”可知，第一段可描写兄妹两个体会到了父亲的用意。 ②由第二段首句内容“看到他们童年时与父亲和母亲的合影，眼泪顺着脸颊流了下来。”可知，第二段可描写他们兄妹二人和好的事情。 2.续写线索：困惑——领悟——后悔——和解 3.词汇激活 行为类 ①认识到：realize/catch on/recognize ②期待：expect/await ③和解：reconcile/fix the gap 情绪类 ①困惑的：puzzled/confused ②内疚的：guilty/compunctious 【点睛】【高分句型1】Both of them were puzzled about why their father gave one the key and the other the chest.（由why引导的宾语从句） 【高分句型2】Suddenly they realized that only by giving out what their father gave them could they have the possibility to open the chest.（由that和what引导的宾语从句，以及部分倒装） 【高分句型3】What they did must have made their father sad and disappointed.（由what引导的主语从句） 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 高二英语3月考 第一部分 听力(共两节，满分30分) 做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。 第一节（共 5 小题；每小题 1.5 分，满分 7.5 分） 听下面 5 段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的 A、B、C 三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有 10 秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 例：How much is the shirt? A. £19.15. B. £9.18. C. £9.15. 答案是C。 1. What does the man plan to do? A. Look for a job. B. Move to a new place. C. Rearrange the furniture. 2. What are the speakers talking about? A. A new book. B. A morning paper. C. An African teacher. 3. How does the woman probably feel now? A. Regretful. B. Anxious. C. Confused. 4. Where does the conversation take place? A. In a restaurant. B. In a police station. C. In a car. 5. What is the man going to do tomorrow? A Pay the bill. B. Check the mailbox. C. Fix the gas cooker. 第二节 （共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分） 听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。 6. What does Steve think of his training? A. Disappointing. B. Acceptable. C. Excellent. 7. How long does Steve train each day? A. Three hours. B. Five hours. C. Ten hours. 听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。 8. What does Mark say about live drawing? A. It’s enjoyable. B. It’s stressful. C. It’s creative. 9. What is the new thing that Mark wants to draw on? A. Magazines. B. Diaries. C. Maps. 10. Where do Mark’s inspirations come from? A. His dreams. B. His parents. C. His travels. 听第8段材料，回答第11至13题。 11. What position is the man interested in? A. Window cleaner. B. Shop assistant. C. Fitness coach. 12. What will be provided for the job? A. A company car. B. A smartphone. C. A video recorder. 13. What is needed to do the job? A. Computer skills. B. Physical strength. C. Work experience. 听第9段材料，回答第14至17题。 14. What does the man do? A. He’s a receptionist. B. He’s a secretary. C. He’s a waiter. 15. Why does the man say sorry to the woman? A. He showed her the wrong way. B. There is no reservation for her. C. Her name has been misspelled. 16. What is the man’s advice for the woman? A. Come back later. B. Talk to the manager. C. Postpone the meeting. 17. What will the woman probably do next? A. Tidy up a room. B. Make a phone call. C. Go for a coffee. 听第10段材料，回答第18至20题。 18. Why do many birds live in the city? A. They can obtain food easily. B. They enjoy human company. C. They lost their natural habitat. 19. What does Christina find surprising? A. The birds are facing serious dangers. B. Different kinds of birds live together. C. Some birds are attracted to the poles. 20. What is Christina’s suggestion concerning the birds? A. Drive them away. B. Feed them regularly. C. Do research on them. 第二部分 阅读（共两节，满分50分） 第一节 （共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A Spring turns Europe into a world of colors. If you want to experience spring in all its colourful glory, here are four of the best places for you. Blooming Baroque, Ludwigsburg, Germany The Blooming Baroque garden show in Ludwigsburg, Germany, has been welcoming visitors since 1954. Visit the 18th-century palace between March and November and you can not only see displays filled with flowers, but also watch different kinds of birds and visit gardens, climb Rapunzel's tower and get lost in a giant hedge maze (树篱迷宫). Keukenhof Gardens, Lisse, the Netherlands The largest flower garden in the world, Keukenhof in the Netherlands is the best place to see the symbolic Dutch flower at its finest. Tulips explode across the gardens, with more than 800 different varieties. After you’ve wandered through the gardens, you can hire a bike at the main gate and then ride through the endless rows of picture-perfect flowered rainbows. The show runs from March 21 to May 10. Temps de Flors, Girona, Spain Girona’s medieval centre is transformed into a living gallery as flower carpets and special sculptures explode throughout the city centre each May. The Girona A Cappella Festival invites music lovers to engage all their senses as the sound, smell and sight of spring fill the city for 10 days in May. Normandy Tulip Festival, Vendcuvre, France The French garden of the 18th-century Vendeuvre Chateau in Normandy springs to life in April, as over30, 000 tulips, narcissi and grape hyacinths awaken. Open afternoons throughout April between 2 p. m. and 6p. m. 1. Where can you see a flower display in autumn? A. In the Netherlands. B. In Germany. C. In Spain. D. In France. 2. What of the following is the highlight of the Girona's flower display? A. A maze in a palace. B. An art exhibition. C. A music festival. D. A bicycle tour. 3. What can you enjoy in both Keukenhof Gardens and Normandy Tulip Festival? A. Different birds. B. Flowered rainbows. C. Plenty of tulips. D. A live concert. B Is modern fruit cultivated (培育) to be sweeter than in the past? The short answer is yes, though the longer answer is more complicated. Some of the most powerful evidence that fruit is sweeter than before comes from zoos. In 2018, it was reported that Melboume Zoo in Australia had stopped giving fruit to most of its animals because cultivated fruit was now so sweet that it was causing tooth decay (蛀牙) and weight gain. The monkeys at the zoo were provided with a lower-sugar vegetable-based diet instead of bananas. Among fruit cultivators, the word “quality” is now routinely used as an equal for “high in sugar” (though firmness, color and size are also considerations). In 2010, in an article looking at ways to enhance the sweetness of fruit using “molecuiar (分子的) approaches”, a group of plant scientists of the Republic of Korea wrote that “in general, the sugar content” of many fruits is now higher than before “owing to continuous selection and breeding”. Modern apple varieties, the scientists noted, were on average sweeter than older ones. Cultivation isn’t the only reason that modern fruit is sweeter; there’s also climate change. Research from Japan found that since the 1970s, with rising temperatures, Fuji apples (which were already a sweet variety) have become significantly sweeter and softer. The lead researcher, Toshihoko Sugiura, said that “if you could taste an apple harvested 30 years ago, you would feel the difference”. It is sometimes claimed that the sweetness of modern fruit is not due to higher sugar content so much as the fact that the bitterness and sourness of wild fruit have been steadily cultivated out of it. There’s a grain — but only a grain — of truth in this. Studies of wild apples do indeed suggest that some ancient varieties were just as high in sugar as a modern Pink Lady or Honeycrisp. The difference is that there was much wider variation in sugar content across wild apples, whereas the modern supermarket apple seldom drops below a certain level of sweetness. 4. Why did Melbourne Zoo stop giving fruit to most of its animals? A. The animals preferred a vegetable- based diet. B. Modern fruit did great harm to animals’ teeth. C. The sugar content of modern fruit is lower than before. D. The flavor of modern fruit was not good for the animals. 5. What can we learn from paragraph 3? A. The sugar content is breeders’ first priority. B. Sweeter fruits are just a result of natural selection. C. The sweetness of modern apples is equal to the average of older ones. D. Molecular approaches are adopted to add the sweetness of modern fruit. 6. What do studies of wild apples in the last paragraph suggest? A. Apples of old species tasted less sweet. B. The sugar content of wild apples varied greatly. C. The sweetness of modern apples is of the same level. D. Fruit is sweet because bitterness in it has disappeared. 7. What’s the best title for this passage? A. Modern or Old: Which Is Better? B. Modern Fruit: Sweetness Is Quality. C. Fruit Is Sweeter: It’s Not a Misconception. D. Melbourne Zoo: Animals Stop Eating Fruits. C When you’re bored, you might start playing with a ball or other objects. Such behavior is common in people. Other animals like it too—that’s why a dog fetches a stick, or a cat bats at toys. Play is an enjoyable way to pass the time. A new study finds that it’s not just mammals that like to play. Bumblebees (大黄蜂) do it too, making them the first insects known to play. In the study, Hiruni Samadi Galpayage Dona, an insect expert, did an experiment using 200 untrained bumblebees to see if they might play. Of those, 45 would be marked with a number when they emerged as adults. A pathway was set up from the bumblebees’ nest to a feeding area. One side contained small wooden balls that rolled. The other side had the same number of balls, but they were stuck to the floor. Half balls on each side were colored balls. The rest were left unpainted. For three hours a day over 18 days, Galpayage Dona found bumblebees weren’t so interested in the side where the balls didn’t move, but they explored the side areas and interacted with the balls. Once they managed to roll a ball, they strongly preferred that side. They returned, climbing on the balls and rolling them around. She also found bumblebees preferred certain colors of balls. “There’s something about the mobility that is more interesting for the bumblebees than just colored objects,” Galpayage Dona says. In another experiment, she sometimes left the balls out overnight. “When I came in the next day, I would always find some bumblebees rolling the balls.” As with mammals, the bumblebees who played the most were the younger ones. Their play tapered off as they got older. The scientists say it’s not clear why the bumblebees roll the balls or whether they enjoy it. But the experiment raises important questions about how the insects’ minds work and whether they have feelings. 8. How does the author introduce the topic? A. By describing the fun of play. B. By analyzing reasons for boredom. C. By introducing similar phenomena. D. By presenting animals’ cute images. 9. What did the researcher do in the experiment? A. She trained bumblebees to play balls. B. She put small balls along the pathway. C. She set up a pathway in bumblebees’ nest. D. She rewarded the bumblebees with rolled balls. 10. What does the underlined part “tapered off” probably mean in paragraph 5? A. Mattered. B. Helped. C. Decreased. D. Emerged. 11. What can be the best title for the text? A. Bumblebees Prefer Shape to Color B. Balls Are Bumblebees’ Favorite Toys C. Playing with Objects Is Animals’ Second Nature D. Bumblebees Are the First Insects Known to Play D The UN this week launched a report urging companies to stop issuing false net-zero targets that amount to greenwashing. Greenwashing is a term used to describe situations where companies mislead consumers by claiming to be eco-friendly or sustainable as a marketing plan rather than as a core principle of their business model. Often, these industries spend more money making themselves appear sustainable than they do taking actual sustainable measures into their company. Cities, financial institutions, and scores of companies have announced plans to reduce their emissions to zero, which, in principle, should help the fight against climate change. “The problem is that the criteria for these net-zero commitments have varying levels of precision and loopholes (漏洞),” said UN Secretary-General Antonio Guterres during the launch of the report. Many net-zero plans contain far-away or unclear targets and often call for the use of unproved technologies like carbon capture and tree planting, which effectively allow companies to continue polluting the atmosphere. Studies show that most of these net-zero plans will do little to stop temperatures from rising. For example, many oil majors have announced plans to reduce emissions from their operations to zero by 2050 that do not take into account the carbon emitted by the fossil fuels they sell, which would allow them to increase production. Far from decreasing, fossil fuel production is going strong. To close these net-zero loopholes, the UN this week released a report that includes 10 recommendations to ensure that companies, cities, regions, and other non-state actors issue credible and accountable net zero commitments. “Their plans cannot rely on cheap carbon credits instead of immediately cutting their own emissions,” Guterres said. Financial institutions need to cut down emissions from all their investments and businesses need to bring down the carbon footprint of their supply chain, the report said. The report’s lead author, Catherine McKenna, urged companies to release new net-zero targets within a year. The updated targets must contain concrete actionable details. 12. What does “greenwashing” refer to? A. A green technology. B. A misleading statement. C. A business model. D. A spending target. 13. Why does the author mention the oil majors? A. To prove oil majors are really responsible. B To set some good examples for other companies. C. To show some net- zero commitments make no sense. D. To indicate the benefit of net zero plans to climate change. 14. How does Guterres feel about the issued net-zero plans? A. Dissatisfied. B. Guilty. C. Shocked. D. Confused. 15. What is advised to do to fix net-zero loopholes? A. Plant more trees. B. Share more supply chains. C. Depend on cheap carbon credits. D. Make concrete actionable targets. 第二节 (共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分) 根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 Supporting Others We’re always being told that the secret to happiness lies in helping others. Indeed, it’s natural to want to support those we care about, especially if we are in a position to do so.___16___ When we offer support, it may not always be wanted. ___17___ In this case, offering support in the manner of “... if l were you, I would ...” can feel like a scolding rather than support. If our support feels conditional, it can feel burdensome. ___18___ When someone is trying to manage illness or a house move, just saying “What would help you today?” can be amazingly supportive. Or, suggest what you can do for them: picking up some shopping, taking the dog for a walk. Even if it’s not needed, just knowing you’ ve been thought of can be supportive in itself. Try to be mindful of offering support that is disabling, rather than enabling. My son, when aged five, wanted to make a cup of tea. I could see how inspiring it was for him to be able to do this. So I filled the kettle and took him through the safety measures. It felt like a huge risk but it worked. His pleasure was immeasurable. The same principle applies when we offer support that increases someone else’s capacity. ___19___ Sometimes the only support that’s needed is to listen without judgement. ___20___ This reassures them that someone cares enough to listen while they ground themselves. When times are tough, remember to keep things stable. Waiting until the storm has passed is all it takes. Support often works best when it’s a two-way process It is good to know how to accept help from others as well as offer support to them. A. Here are the pros and cons of supporting others. B. Just be there, while someone lets out their feelings. C. Ask what support is needed and provide a practical one. D. This can often be a bigger gift than just doing it for them. E. But we can do more by thinking about the support we offer. F. Because being judgmental can only make someone annoyed. G. Sometimes people are trying to manage life in their own way. 第三部分 语言运用(共两节, 满分30分) 第一节(共15小题; 每小题1分, 满分15分) 阅读下面短文, 从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 Baby Miloszek was born with a heart defect. His disease is too ____21____ to be treated in Poland, but doctors at Stanford University Medical Center are able to take his case. ____22____, they require 80 percent of the payment in advance, a sum the family simply could not ____23____. That’s when Maria Andrejczyk ____24____ in to help ! Just a week after ____25____ her first Olympic medal ever and returning from Japan, Maria posted a(n) ____26____ on a social media platform announcing that she would be auctioning (拍卖) off her silver medal to raise money for Miloszek’s surgery. Days later, a Polish convenience store called Zabka purchased the medal ____27____$125,000, which was more than Maria had ____28____ to get. Not only that, but when her story ____29____ , more people began donating to the fundraiser. Finally, they pulled in more than enough cash to ____30____ Miloszek’s trip to America! And the warm ____31____ doesn’t end there. Zabka announced that they would let Maria keep her ____32____ forever! “We were deeply touched by the extremely ____33____ act of our Olympian, so we decided to support the ____34____ for Miloszek,” the company wrote. “We decided that the silver medal from Tokyo will stay with Maria! We are glad that we were able to ____35____.” 21 A. severe B. pessimistic C. crucial D. sustainable 22. A. Potentially B. Ultimately C. Precisely D. Unfortunately 23. A. ensure B. afford C. expect D. guarantee 24. A. crowded B. turned C. stepped D. brought 25. A. gaining B. defending C. declining D. submitting 26. A. parcel B. message C. application D. exhibition 27. A. by B. at C. for D. with 28. A. budgeted B. anticipated C. tackled D. subscribed 29. A. exposed B. submitted C. broke D. revealed 30. A. cover B. secure C. provide D. enhance 31. A. gratitude B. enterprise C. sympathy D. gesture 32. A. secret B. medal C. belongings D. reputation 33. A. noble B. subsequent C. adorable D. rewarding 34. A. fundraiser B. request C. commitment D. recovery 35. A. motivate B. engage C. contribute D. advocate 第二节（共10小题：每小题1.5分，满分15分） 阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。 To understand a painting, we’re taught to look for color, composition, and light. But how can a painting ____36____ (appreciate)by someone who’s blind? Through touch, the one thing gallery signs tell you not ____37____ (do). John Olson, a former ____38____ (photograph)and his team turn paintings into fully textured 3D models. The tactile(可触知的)paintings work as a way to show art to ____39____ blind because we don’t see with just Our eyes: We see with our brains. Research in the field of neuroplasticity-the brain’s adaptability-shows that the visual cortex(大脑皮层)is made active by touch. Blind people recognize shapes with their ____40____ (exist) senses, in a way similar to that of ____41____ (sight )people, says Ella Striem-Amit, a Harvard scientist. Luc Gandarias, who’s now thirteen, went blind suddenly ____42____ age seven. When he felt a 3D version of Leonardo da Vinci’s “Mona Lisa” he ____43____ (notice)her smile right away. ”I can actually feel what you see when you look at it,” he said. For Luc, this means ____44____ (independent). "The feeling of being able to see it _____45_____ to form my opinion is like breaking down another wall as a blind person.” 第四部分 写作（共两节，满分40分） 第一节（满分15分） 46. 假定你是李华，在春节期间，你参加了一些中国传统活动。请给你的外国好友Jim写一封信，分享你的活动经历。内容包括： 1.简要介绍某次活动； 2.活动过程中的感受。 注意： 1.写作词数应为80个左右； 2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 Dear Jim, ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours, Li Hua 第二节(满分25分) 47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 Tim’s heart raced as he drove to the lawyer’s office. He was bequeathed (遗赠) a mysterious box his dad had never allowed him and his sister to even go near. He signed papers, but was shocked to learn he didn’t get the key to open it and nothing about the key was mentioned in the will. “You’ll have to figure that out!” the lawyer said. Tim left the office, puzzled about what his late dad had left him. Just then, he remembered his childhood home where he and his twin sister Karen grew up. They had lost their mother just two months after they were born. They were raised by their dad Jonathan, and the two were the best friends! As they grew older, they were drawn to the mysterious box, but their dad warned them never to touch it, and even hung the key on a nail high above the fireplace so that they would never get their hands on its contents. Whatever he was hiding from his kids, he was on guard at all times. As the years fleeted by, Tim and Karen moved on with their respective lives. And their brother-sister bond went downhill. The twins fought over who would inherit (继承) their dad’s house. Jonathan was heartbroken and whatever trick he tried to reconcile (和解) them, nothing worked. Meanwhile, Jonathan’s health began to decline, and even on his deathbed, he wished his kids would put aside their differences and get back together. What would Tim do with the inherited box now? He went to his childhood home to find the key. The house no longer appeared like that loving home Tim remembered growing up in. When he reached to grab the key above the fireplace, he sensed someone behind him. “What are you doing here?” screamed Karen, casting the cell phone flashlight on Tim’s face. “Dad bequeathed me his old chest, and I came here looking for the key. But what are you doing here?” “Dad bequeathed me the key! So I came here to find the chest,” said Karen, puzzled about his father’s decision. 注意： 1.写作词数应为150左右； 2.请在答题卡相应位置作答。 “Something had to be wrong,” they thought and stared at each other. ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Tears ran down their cheeks at seeing their childhood photos with their father and mother. ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$