北京市第十一中学顺义学校2024-2025学年高一下学期3月考试英语试题

北京市十一学校顺义学校2024级第三学段3月份阶段性测试 英语 第一部分：知识运用（共三节，35分） 第一节完型填空（共10小题：每小题1.5分，共15分) 阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并 在答题卡上涂黑。 Hair was once my biggest concern.While my classmates had long,silky hair down their backs, my hair was short and curly.I was quite1. "Your hair doesn't define you.It is beautiful,"my mother would try to comfort me. However,her 2 did little to calm me.Why couldn't I have long hair like everyone else?I no longer wanted to stand out.I wanted to 3and be accepted. It wasn't that I hated my hair,but rather I believed others did.I was afraid it would be regarded ugly by my classmates.I also worried if they learned I wore extensions ()I would be4. This was an ongoing struggle that I kept secret.At school,I faced lots of questions about my hair." Does your hair even grow?Are those extensions or your real hair?" In tenth grade,I 5.I realized I had two options.I could either believe my classmates were truly6or consider the questions as judgments.Actually,their7didn't matter.I could choose not to base my happiness on what Ibelieved others thought of me,but on my own8. Over the next two years,I pushed myself out of my comfort zone and engaged in various school or social activities,where I was surrounded by different people.Wearing my9hair,I made it my mission to stand out.I developed into a more confident person. I no longer live my life limited by what I believe others think of me.I don't hide behind extensions and if I choose to wear them I do so 10 and am no longer secretive.Now,I wear my hair and live my life however I desire. 1.A.thrilled B.embarrassed C.surprised D.confused 2.A.decision B.answer C.expectation D.support 3.A.fit in B.get ahead C.reach out D.move on 4.A.stopped B.challenged C.judged D.defeated 5.A.struggled B.explored C.changed D.hesitated 6.A.helpful B.curious C.awkward D.troubled 7.A.concerns B.explanations C.descriptions D.opinions 8.A.standards B.goals C.skills D.strengths 9.A.natural B.silky C.messy D.stylish 10.A.eagerly B.hopefully C.proudly D.seriously 1 第二节语法填空（共10小题：每小愿1.5分，共15分） 阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空，在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词，在 给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。 A More Chinese senior citizens 11(become)active users of We-chat in recent years, according to a recent study.The study aims to learn about the digital life of people above the age of d 55.The report shows clderly users spend around 1.37 hours We-chat every day and have 104 We-chat friends on average.The report says that 50.3%of clderly users learn how to use We-chat from their children or grandchildren suggesting that family members should be more patient when they introduce new 13 (technology)to elderly people. B Many animals,including some insects,bats and most birds,can fly.But birds are different from other animals they are the only living animals that have feathers.Birds have feathers to keep them 15(warmth)and dry and help them to fly.Feathers get worn and ragged during flying,so birds get rid of their feathers and grow new ones. (keep) their feathers in good shape,birds clean them and smooth them out with their beaks()all the time. C Koshiba had a legendary life.He is a Japanese physician dream was to become a soldier or musician when he was a kid.Unfortunately,his drcam was broken when his right hand 18 (damage)by polio(小儿麻痹症).While in the hospital,,he read Albert Einstein's books and became 19(interest)in physics.He never made it to the top of his physics class in high school,but went on to study at the University of Tokyo,then the University of Rochester, 20 he earned his PhD."There are things in the world you can achieve despite poor academic records,"Koshiba said."What counts most is adopting an active attitude toward studying." 第三节选词填空（共5小题；每小题1分，共5分） 根据句意，从所给方框中选择词汇并使用其恰当形式完成句子，每词只使用一次。 escape ambitious come across operation passionate 21.Rescue teams will use trained dogs and search and rescue vehicles to complete rescue 22.After hundreds of failed experiments,Tu Youyou and her team eventually a promising chemical. 23.Despite severe injuries,Christopher Reeve became a and energetic advocate for others suffering back injuries and disabilities. 24.When the boat went over the edge into the inside of the whirlpool,the storyteller felt there was no and they would sink into the sea. 25.Roald Amundsen and Captain Scott waited anxiously for spring because they both had the goal of being the first to reach the South Pole. 第二部分：阅读理解(38分) 第一节（共14小题：每小题2分，共28分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项 涂黑。 Pets arc part of our family so it's important to factor them in when planning a trip that you'rc not taking them with you on.Pet charity Blue Cross advises planning well in advance so you know that your pet will be comfortable. Family and friends Leaving your pet in the care of a trusted friend or neighbour will give you peace of mind that it will be well cared for.Your pet will be able to stay with them in their home. Things to consider ifyour pet is staying in another house: .Do they have another dog or pet and will they get on with your pet? Do they have a garden?Is the garden secure so your pet can't escape? Pet sitter Pet sitters stay in or visit your home to look after your pet while you'ro away for a fee.This is a good option which allows your pet to stay in a familiar environment and you will receive regular updates. How to find a good pet sitter: .Ask friends and family for recommendations for pet sitters. Pet sitters don't need a licence to work,but reputable ones will be able to show you training and insurance certificates. Check reviews online from independent review sites. Home boarder Home boarders are people that take pets into their own homes to look after for a fee. How to find a good home boarder: .Check their home has no obvious dangers,like exposed wires,toxic substances and unsecured fences. Your pet is invited round to get to know the home and meet the family it'll be staying with. You can easily find and view their licence to home board pets from the local council as well as their insurance details and training Boarding kennels Kennels are an option,but it depends whether your pet is comfortable being left alone in a kennel environment around other pets. How to find a boarding kennel: Get a personal recommendation,and chcck the kennel is licensed. Ask if you can visit before you book 、Ask about insurance cover and the procedure for contacting a vet(兽医) 26.If you prefer your pet to stay in a familiar environment,you can leave itwith A.a friend B.a pet sitter C.a home boarder D.a boarding kennel 27.How can one find a suitable home boarder? A.Call the insurance company. B.Check reviews from independent review sites. C.Invite him over to your home and mcct your family. D.Check the licence from the local council. 28.Who may find this passage most useful? A.A pet owncr who will take a business trip. B.A vet who desires to change his job. C.A man who is considering adopting a dog. A couple who are planning to rent a bouse. B After the deadly hurricane in October,Taylor Schenker,who lives in Canton,North Carolina, near hard-hit Asheville,went for a walk with her friend to check out the homes destroyed in the disaster. "We spent about four hours digging through the mud,looking for any belongings we could find," Schenker said.During the process,she found some photographs that didn't belong to them and laid them out,hoping they could be reunited with their owners.Schenker said that thinking about the photos she had left behind kept her up that night.She was afraid that if it rained or the wind blew,the photos wouldn't be able to be reunited with their families. The next day,Schenker went back to collect the photos and ended up finding more-about 200 of them-containing school portraits,birthday cards,and images of childhood friends and families on vacation.She said it was clear that the photos belonged to multiple families,and she understood how special such memories could be to them. Realizing how many important family memories she now had in her possession,she created the Photos from Helene page-a virtual lost-and-found where people could recognize and reclaim their photos.She hoped people would recognize the photos on her page and that word of mouth would help reunite them with their rightful owners. Schenker took the photos home,cleaned them off,and organized them into folders and bins for safekeeping until they could be returned to their owners.Schenker mailed photos to people who were no longer in the area,but she also hand-delivered those that belonged to families who still lived nearby. Each reunion served as a heartwarming reminder of the importance of her work. In one instance,Becky Tate and her daughter both recognized their photos on the online page. Tate's daughter,Nancy,commented that her mom was in tears when they made the discovery. "The process is definitely fulfilling,"Schenker said."It's enjoyable to witness the moment when a photograph is returned to its rightful owner,and to observe people in the comments mentioning each other and sharing their thoughts and saying,'Oh my gosh,you just reminded me of this moment in my life that I had totally forgotten about."" She said she chose the name for her page because most of the photos they've seen come out of the hurricane show the devastation()left bebind-but her Photos from Helene are happy memories of Asheville and the lives there. 5 9.What can we know about the photos on Schenker's page? A.They were discovered in areas impacted by the hurricanc. B.They were all proof of the hurricane. C.They were seriously damaged in the storm. D.They were left behind by some families on purpose. 3C.Which sentence best expresscs Schenker's motivation for her page? A."The hurricane destroyed everything in its path." B."I realized how important these photos must be to someone." C."I wanted to clean the photos and keep them as memories." D."It was just so sad to sce so many photos spread and damaged." 31.Why were Schenker's actions important after the hurricane? They inspired others to volunteer and help. B.They provided supplies to families in need. C.They gave comfort to those affected. D.They raised awareness of survivors'struggles. 32:Which of the following words can best describe Schenker? A.Curious. B.Ambitious. C.Adventurous. D.Caring. 0 People do no always expustosuccdIn light of this,what happens when we think that others expect us to fail? Inone study,researchers carried out an xperiment with 330 online workers,asking them to do a computer task that involved clicking on rapidly moving targets.They were told that someoe was observing their performance.After they completed a 15-second practice,they received one of three messages-stating underdog expectations,high expectations,or neutral expectations-from the observer;unknown to them,the expectations were randomly )given to them.Participants then performed the task,which required both effort and focus to do effectively.Researchers found that those who experienced underdog expectations performed better than those who received high or neutral expectations. To find out why underdog expectations lead people to perform better,researchers ran another experiment with 156 business students,having them complete a negotiations simulation( )Before they started negotiating,they were told that experts made predictions on their possibility of negotiating effectively.Once again,researchers randomly gave them either underdog,high,or 6 neutral expectations.After the negotiation,the students were asked questions about their desire to prove others wrong,their self-confidence,and their assertiveness() Like with earlier studies,thosc who experienced underdog expectations performed the best.In addition,instead of having greater self-confidence or being more assertive,the desire to prove others wrong was what helped researchers understand why those expcriencing underdog expectations performed better. Of course,underdog expectations do not always translate to success.There are many more examples of people failing to overcome the low expectations others sct for them.So,when does being an underdog lead to success rather than failure? Researchers reran the computer task of clicking on a target,but this time was a bit different: before participants received randomly given underdog,high,or neutral expectations,they were also randomly given information about the observer's credibility ()Specifically,participants in the high credibility condition read that the observer was a high performer in the same task and had an excellent record of predicting others'performance.In the low credibility condition,participants read that the observer was a poor performer and was often incorrect about others'performance. Researchers found that underdog expectations from both less and more credible observers motivated (participants to aim to prove others wrong.But this motivation only translated to better performance in the face of less credible observers,while it failed when it came from more credible observers.It appears that trying to prove highly credible people wrong may have developed a scnse of anxiety,which undermined later performance.Quite the opposite,people experiencing underdog expectations from less credible observers were able to use the desire to prove others wrong and perform successfully. Do these results mean leaders should set low expectations for their team to try to improve performance?Of course not.But they do suggest that more people can achieve success when they think others view them as underdogs. 33.The second experiment was intended to find out A.whether experts'predictions matched the performance of the students B.how researchers should present participants with different expectations C.who would fail to overcome low expectations set before the negotiation D.what was behind the improved performance of"underdog"participants 34.What can we leamn from the passage? A.Different expectations were given based on participants'assertiveness. B.Underdogs tend to outperform expectations in a low credibility condition. C.Self-confidence plays an important role in determining a person's success. D.Participants were motivated to perform better when they trusted observers. 35.What does the word "undermined"underlined in Paragraph 7 probably mean? A.Destroyed. B.Motivated. C.Weakened. D.Translated. 36.What is the main purpose of the passage? A.To present research findings about what causes underdog expectations. B.To compare the effects of underdog,high,and neutral expectations. C.To show how underdog expectations influence performance. D.To analyze when underdog expectations can lead to success. 0 The 2024 Nobel Prize in Physics was awarded for machine learning development and the Chemistry Nobel was for protein structure prediction via AI.Some said the physics prize wasn't really physics."AI is coming for science,too,"the New York Times concluded.With powerful large language models,AIs can generate various outputs and even make Nobel-winning discoveries.But have AIs really taken over science? To begin with,the physics prize went to Hinton and John Hopfield,a physicist,who discovered how the physical dynamics of a network can encode memory.Hopfield came up with an intuitive analogy:a ball,rolling across a bumpy landscape,will often "remember"to return to the same lowest valley.Hinton's work extended Hopfield's model.In short,the Physics Nobel was awarded for fundamental research about the physical principles of information,not the broad umbrella of"Ar" and its applications. Meanwhile,the Chemistry Nobel was awarded to biochemist David Baker and DeepMind researchers Demis Hassabis and John Jumper.Baker first developed software to design novel protein structures from scratch.Yet by 2018,of the roughly 200 million proteins cataloged in all genetic databases,only about 150,000 had confirmed structures.Then Hassabis and Jumper introduced 1 AlphaFold,which provided accurate folding structures for the rest.But even so,the AI has failed to predict defects in proteins.It's not a catholicon for every problem in protein folding,but rather an excellent tool. Many of these tools have disappeared into their uses.We rarely pause to consider the transistor ()(for which the 1956 physics prize was awarded)when we use electronics containing them by the billions.Some powerful machine-learning features are already on this path.The neural networks that provide accurate language translation or song recommendations in popular consumer software programs are simply part of the service.In science,as in so many other domains,this trend suggests that when AI tools become commonplace,they will fade into the background,too. Still a reasonable concem might be that such automation threatens the efforts of human scientists. As AI becomes essential to further scientific progress,will any prizes recognize work truly free of AI? AI can revolutionize science.It has already helped us see proteins with previously unimaginable clarity.Soon AIs may dream up new molecules for batteries.In short,they may do many things,some of which previously seemed impossible.But they have a crucial limitation tied to something wonderful about science:its empirical dependence on the real world,which cannot be overcome by computation alone. Science also needs experimenters-human experts driven to study the universe,and who will ask questions an AI cannot.Physics-its core cthos is "that the world is understandable"in quantitative,predictive terms solely by careful experiment and observation.That real world still exists for future scientists to study,whether aided by AI or not. 37.Regarding the Nobel Prize in Physics,the author might think A.it should have been awarded to more physicists B.it is justified for its focus on physical principles of information C.it aims to encourage physicists to engage inAI research D.it is a recognition of the broad applications of Al in physics 38.What can we learn from this passage? A.AI tools are restricted to specific scientific branches. B.AI will overcome its dependence on real-world experience. C.AI poses a threat on traditional methods of scientific inquiry. D.AI tools will become less noticeable once widely used. 39.What would be the best title for this passage? A.Is AI Coming to End Scientific Exploration? B.AI and Science:Revolution or Evolution? C.AI and Science:A New Era of Collaboration? D.Is AI Dominant in Nobel-Winning Discoveries? 第二节（共5小题：每小题2分，共10分） 根据短文内容，从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项 涂黑。选项中有两项为多余选项。 9 Considering they are the world's most numerous areas of water,it is surprising that ponds are poorly understood.There are millions-possibly billions-of them.40 This neglect might not have mattered if it were not for increasing evidence that ponds are extremely important habitats for wildlife as they have rich,diverse and distinctive communities with varied rare and endangered species.Across many landscapes,they are being shown to support far greater variation of species than rivers and streams.41 It allows them to have a wider range of conditions compared with rivers and streams where flowing water tends to homogenise( 质化)water chemistry. So why have we failed to notice such a vital part of the natural world?A key reason appears to be what freshwater scientist John Downing has called "a saliency error":the misjudgment where we humans naturally assume that if something is small,it can't be all that important.42We don't realise that these waters have a deeply ancient origin and have existed on Earth as long as there has been land and water. These misunderstandings within freshwater science have had a big impact on our ability to protect their wildlife.In Europe,for example,the Water Framework Directive mostly excludes any bodies of water smaller than 50 hectares. _43Last year,the Ramsar Convention,an international agreement,introduced a resolution on small wetlands,including ponds,giving crucial recognition to them.And the European Union-funded PONDERFUL project is gathcring data on Europe's ponds.However,there remains much to do.As the effects of climate change deepen,plants and animals will increasingly need to move across the landscape to survive.44They are easy to make and they colonize (大批繁殖；使聚集)rapidly,which can help freshwater species adapt over short timescales.. A.Viewpoints are changing,fortunately,to the benefit of ponds. B.This biodiversity seems to be partly due to the small size of ponds. C.A study shows they make up much of the global water environment. D.Yet for a century or so,scientists have paid them very little attention. E.We can create ponds in considerable numbers as one of the few habitats. F.There is increasing evidence of the importance of ponds for biodiversity. G.Most of us also devalued ponds because we regard them as artificial habitats. 第三部分：书面表达（共两节，27分） 10