精品解析：广东省广州市荔湾区广雅中学2024-2025学年高一上学期期末考试英语试题

2024学年第一学期高一年级期末考试试卷 英语 第一部分 单项选择(共10小题，每小题1分，满分10分) 1. Was it _______ he said or something he did________ made you cry? A. what; that B. that; which C. that; that D. what; which 2. You must have told her about the truth, ___________? A. needn’t you B. haven’t you C. will you D. mustn’t you 3. I will never forget the days ________ we spent together and ________ we made friends with some farmers. A. when; that B. that; that C. that; when D. which; which 4. That land, ________ you get your strength is the only thing ________ matters. A. from which; / B. which; that C. where; which D. from which; that 5. Only by changing the way ________ we treat the wildlife ________ with the nature in harmony. A. how; can we exist B. which; we can exist C. that; can we exist D. where; we can exist 6. In front of the farmhouse ________. A a small boy sat B. did a small boy sit C. sat a small boy D. was sitting a small boy 7. I ______ for Shanghai this Saturday, so I want to know when the earliest plane ______. A leave; takes off B. am leaving; takes off C. will leave; is taking off D. am leaving; is taking off 8. The wooden tower that _________ will be open to tourists soon, and the work is almost finished. A. is being restored B. is restored C. is restoring D. restores 9. In the UK, when having dinner with your friends, you have to wait until everyone else ________ before you start eating. A. has served B. was served C. has been served D. had been served 10. A proposal has been put forward at a recent video conference that measures ________ to raise the citizens’ awareness of traffic safety. A. would take B. must be taken C. should take D. be taken 第二部分 阅读(共两节，满分50分) 第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5) 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。 A A Guide to New York City’s Best Bookstores In the hot and crowded summer city, there’s nothing better than finding a cool and quiet bookstore to get lost in. Undoubtedly, a great bookstore can provide both relaxation and inspiration. Here are the must-visit bookstores in New York City: McNally Jackson McNally Jackson is a beloved independent bookstore with multiple locations, known for its good selection and welcoming atmosphere. Besides offering a wide range of genres, many locations feature a cozy café where you can enjoy coffee, pastries, and light snacks while browsing or reading. The Mysterious Bookshop As the name suggests, The Mysterious Bookshop specializes in mystery, crime, and detective fiction, offering a wide range of related books. The store regularly hosts book signings and readings with well-known authors in the mystery genre, providing fans with opportunities to meet their favorite writers. The knowledgeable staff is passionate about mystery fiction and can provide personalized recommendations. Dashwood Books For those who love photography Dashwood Books is a hidden paradise on Bond Street. Here you can find rare, limited, and out-of-print photo books. Some days, you’ll ever find bargain bins (柜) located near the back of the store, with options for less than＄5 a pop. Fashion designers, such as Simone Rocha, have been known to wander to the store for inspiration. Chelsea Market’s Posman Books Posman Books at Chelsea Market is a delightful spot for book lovers, hidden in one of NYC’s most popular food markets. The store offers a good selection of bestsellers, children’s books, and unique gifts, making it a great place to pick up something special while exploring the market. 11. Which bookstore can provide some advice? A. McNally Jackson B. Dashwood Books C. The Mysterious Bookshop D. Chelsea Market’s Posman Books 12. What unique feature does Posman Books have? A. A large selection of rare books. B. A location within a food market. C. Special events with famous authors. D. A wide collection of mystery novels. 13. What is the main purpose of the passage? A. To promote online book shopping. B. To offer recommendations for bookstores. C. To compare the service of some bookstores. D. To discuss the history of some bookstores. B Jeff Steele was born in Texas and grew up in Mississippi. A gifted singer Jeff began writing songs when he was in high school. “I was going to be the next Lionel Richie,” he recalls with a smile. In time, however, Jeff began to write songs, and in the early 1980s formed a group called The Steeles. Within a decade, not only had the group signed a recording contract with Daywind Records, but Jeff became a staff writer for the label and moved his family to Nashville, Tennessee. Throughout the 1990s, Jeff penned a string of hits for Daywind, including four No. 1 songs for The Steeles. But not only does Jeff write for his group, he also has his songs recorded by other artists that include Greater Vision, The Florida Boys, The Perrys, The Gaither Vocal Band and others. Jeff’s efforts have collected four BMI Awards for radio singles by Karen Peck & New River, The Inspirations, and Legacy Five, along with a popular song by The Steeles. That song also received a Dove Awards nomination (提名), as did “Not One Word” by The Collingsworth Family. What has changed for Jeff regarding songwriting over the last three decades? “I used to write everything alone, but now I enjoy co-writing, especially with my son, Brad.” The Steeles’ latest StowTown Records release, Be the Reason, contains multiple songs penned by the father and son, with each having an unusual feel. Perhaps this is because Brad — at age 30 — is writing as a young man from the point of looking forward, and Jeff — at age 63 — is writing from a pen of wisdom and experience. This may also be part of the reason that their songs are connecting with all of us: because we, as listeners, can benefit from both generations. 14. Who might Lionel Richie be? A. A writer. B. A friend of Jeff’s. C. A well-known musician. D. A member of The Steeles. 15. What does paragraph 2 mainly focus on? A. Jeff’s crucial role in his group. B. Jeff’s influence on other artists. C. Jeff’s secret to success as a singer. D. Jeff’s extraordinary achievements. 16. What is special about Be the Reason? A. It was completed by Brad himself. B. It contains a multi-generational feel. C. It displays people from all walks of life. D. It received a Dove Awards nomination. 17. Which of the following can best describe Jeff? A. Talented and devoted. B. Tough and generous. C. Scholarly and friendly. D. Ambitious and imaginative. C A cyclist pedals down the street. The cyclist’s brain takes in information from what he has perceived but can no longer see. The brain sorts through that information—the color, shape and text on signs, for example—and selects what is most important. Based on that, he takes the correct turn and continues on. Freek Van Ede, cognitive neuroscientist (神经学家) at Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, studies attention. He uses a lot of bicycling metaphors. His focus is not on external attention—what someone is looking at or attending to in the moment. Instead, Van Ede is trying to understand what happens inside-how the brain focuses on and grabs exactly what it needs from incoming information to guide future behavior. Getting a more real-world picture means measuring brain activity in real time, which is why Van Ede uses electro-encephalography (脑电图), paired with eye tracking. In one experiment, participants watched objects briefly appear on a screen. Van Ede found that when a participant was asked to recall something about an object that had been onscreen, their gaze moved quickly toward where the object had been, even though it was no longer there. That movement was detectable as microsaccades (微跳视)—tiny unconscious movements that your eyes make. When participants shifted their attention to focus on where an object had been, the microsaccades were systematically pulled in the direction of that attention shift. This discovery opened new opportunities for tracking “the mind’s eye,” Van Ede says, and so decoding what information the brain is using to plan future action. Van Ede’s lab has used the technique to show that when preparing for the future, the brain doesn’t wait until all the information is in to make a plan. Instead, the brain plans possible actions as each piece of information comes in—even though the brain can select only one plan in the end. Knowing how the brain plans actions could someday help scientists gain an insight into memory disorders or attention problems. 18. How does the author introduce the topic? A. By making an assumption. B. By giving a relevant example. C. By making some contrasts. D. By listing research data. 19. What does Van Ede’s study concentrate on? A. Cognitive neuroscience. B. External environment. C. Internal attention. D. Unconscious movements. 20. What can we learn about Van Ede’s experiment? A. Electro-encephalography is the only method to use. B. The brain doesn’t plan future action until all information has come in. C. Participants fail to recall what they perceived previously. D. Participants’ microsaccades correspond to their attention shifts. 21. What aspect may the discovery be applied in? A. Decoding all messages in the brain. B. Improving cognitive competence. C. Knowing some memory problems. D. Helping cure certain brain illnesses. D On September 9, 2024, Apple released its latest iPhone 16 series at an event called “It’s Glowtime”. At the event, Tim Cook, the company’s CEO, played up the promise of the phones’ AI features in a pre-recorded video. Indeed, the demonstration seemed impressive. When Cook pointed the camera at a restaurant, the AI assistant Siri could tell him what was on the menu. It also could answer his questions fairly well and learn about the users from their interactions with their devices. For instance, Siri could know if a user’s mother was calling and acted appropriately. Apple is one of many firms that want to take AI beyond huge data centres, known as the cloud, and run it on smaller devices, known as the edge. Samsung, Apple’s major competitor, launched its Galaxy S24 with some AI features earlier this year. So did Microsoft, which has launched Windows PCs designed for AI. But their efforts have shown that it is not easy to shift cloud-based AI models to the edge devices. At present, cloud-based AI models are mostly trained on graphics processing units (GPUs) that consume so much energy that it can take a nuclear-power plant to fuel them. They also need huge amounts of memory and data. All these can cost hundreds of millions of dollars. Even once they are trained, running these AI models is costly. According to one estimate, it costs OpenAI, the maker of ChatGPT, 36 cents every time someone asks its AI model a question. Companies are experimenting with various solutions to these problems. Apple will offer on-device AI to deal with the easiest tasks, but send trickier problems to the firm’s private cloud. The service will direct the most difficult requests to third-party models such as ChatGPT. But even such smaller on-device AI models require a lot of computing power to run, which puts huge stress on the edge devices’ batteries. “Making the technology work could not only start a supercycle in device sales, but also create new opportunities for apps and digital advertising,” says Neil Shah of Counterpoint, a research firm. “But for the moment, edge devices are barely ready for basic functions, let alone Glowtime.” 22. What is the second paragraph mainly about? A. The Glowtime event. B. iPhone 16’s AI features. C. Tim Cook’s performance. D. The future of AI phones. 23. Why are Samsung and Microsoft mentioned in the text? A. To tell readers how bad competition can be. B. To warn Apple of the potential consequences. C. To compare their newly released edge devices. D. To show how hard it is to apply AI to edge devices. 24. What is the problem with cloud-based AI models? A. OpenAI charges too much money. B. All of them have to be trained on GPUs. C. It is too expensive to train and run them. D. They can only deal with the easiest tasks. 25. What does Neil Shah most probably imply? A. iPhone 16 is bound to disappoint its users. B AI phones’ success will depend on new apps. C. Sales of AI phones will increase greatly soon. D. Tim Cook was not honest with the AI features. 第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分) 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 We all have times when it feels impossible to look away from our screens, whether we’re swiping our way through dating apps or Pinterest boards or doomscrolling through our news feeds. ____26____ The Internet even has a name for it: brain rot (脑腐). And brain rot happens so often to so many of us that it just got named the 2024 Oxford word of the year. ____27____ but the unhealthy amount of screen time it describes can definitely lead to a wide variety of cognitive and emotional problems. Excessive screen time can negatively affect attention, concentration, learning, memory, emotional regulation, and social functioning. Warning signs of brain rot in people of all ages can be similar to what happens in older adults who are developing cognitive impairment (损伤). However, there are some things you can do to prevent it and try to reverse some of its impact. ____28____. Screen breaks, time limits, and restrictions for using certain unhealthy apps can be useful. There are lots of apps that can help you track total screen time, and enforce digital detox periods (数字戒毒期) to help you unplug and engage with activities in real life. This is more of a short-term fix, however, and you may need to take a hard look at your daily habits in order to improve your mood and cognitive function once brain rot sets in. ____29____. A good suggestion is to replace screen time with other activities like meditation, exercise, reading, joining in-person social groups, learning new skills, playing with animals, engaging with nature. ____30____ A. Brain rot isn’t an official medical diagnosis (诊断). B. Whatever substitutes, remember to do them regularly. C. Changing digital media habits can improve well-being. D. Brain rot can be caused by the way we use our screens. E. Children and teens are most at risk because their brains are still developing. F. This urge can be so strong that it messes with our focus and our cognitive (认知的) health. G. For real change, one should consider lifestyle changes that are sustainable in the long-term. 第三部分 语言运用(共四节，满分55分) 第一节 完形填空(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分。) 阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 With me being under great pressure of busy work, having a family picnic was like a distant topic tome. All I wanted to have was a relaxing ____31____ with my family at some place off the ____32____ path where the city noise will not be deafening and the air will be ____33____. It was during the weekend of Christmas and we ____34____ to make full use of the vacation at a nature park. As most people generally ____35____ in the urban areas to celebrate Christmas, the nature park was less crowded and it gave us the ____36____ to reserve a campsite to stay overnight and have a picnic. Surrounded by towering pine groves (松树林), the picnic area was quiet with only the singing of the birds ____37____ the silence. The murmuring cascade (小瀑布) nearby ____38____ the charm of the forest and we made sure to take a ____39____ into the pool formed beneath the waterfall. Hunger soon ____40____ us after taking a refreshing swim and thanks to my mother, we ____41____ our stomachs with delicious sandwiches. Meanwhile my brother was busy barbecuing the chicken with his wife and with it, our lunch was luxurious. In the ____42____, we had a bonfire (篝火) at the picnic site and under the starlit sky, the picnic ____43____ as we entered our respective camps. Far from the city crowd, a picnic with family was something all of us ____44____ to explore the other side of life. A small campsite and picnic facilities made our time ____45____ and the added bonus was the refreshing dive into the pool. 31. A. vacation B. arrangement C. appointment D. play 32. A. social B. free C. current D. happy 33. A. pure B. thin C. fragrant D. cold 34. A. pretended B. refused C. decided D. struggled 35. A. stopped B. gathered C. cheered D. applauded 36. A. benefit B. option C. opportunity D. time 37. A. preserving B. disturbing C. reflecting D. spoiling 38. A. added to B. appealed to C. turned to D. led to 39. A. nap B. dip C. rest D. shot 40. A. hit B. failed C. distracted D. stirred 41. A. occupied B. filled C. supplied D. equipped 42. A. day B. afternoon C. morning D. evening 43. A. happened B. arose C. disappeared D. concluded 44. A. bothered B. competed C. desired D. paused 45. A. humorous B. unexpected C. temporary D. enjoyable 第二节 语法填空(共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分) 阅读下面材料，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Americans and Chinese eat differently in ____46____ (variety) ways. The difference come from the different ways of thinking and philosophy between the two countries. In China, people think food is essential to man while Americans ____47____ (simple) pay more attention to nutrition of food. Since ancient days. Chinese food culture has been improved to many branches, such as Lu, Chuan, Yue. Dishes are not only tasty but also satisfying to your senses, many of ____48____ have beautiful and fancy names. American food is simple, ____49____ (lack) a kind nice atmosphere, because eating ____50____ (refer) to as a way of communication and ____51____ (survive). When it comes ____52____ table manners, Chinese usually sit around the table and share the dishes together. In comparison, Americans prefer to have ____53____ share of their own. People in China use chopsticks to clamp (夹取) dishes while Americans tend to cut food with their knives or use forks ____54____ (hold) in their right hands to bring all food to their mouths. Each of these styles is acceptable in both countries. However, you will be _____55_____ (little) attractive by using a fork and knife in the USA, as most Americans are not as used to chopsticks as Chinese are. 第三节 课本词汇短语填空(共15题，满分15分) 一、单句填空(共10题，每题1分，满分10分) 根据提示，用Book 2 Unit 2至Unit 3范围单词的正确形式填空。 56. The expression on his face ________ (证实) my suspicions. (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 57. He’s universally recognized as an ________ (权威) on Russian affairs. (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 58. The laws have led to a ________ (缩减) in fuel consumption in the country. (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 59. ________ (embarrass), Polly dropped her head and left the meeting room. (所给词的适当形式填空) 60. For better ________ (observe) of wild birds, you need binoculars of high quality. (所给词的适当形式填空) 61. The remote desert area is ________ (access) only by helicopter. （所给词的适当形式填空） 62. There is no general agreement on a standard ________ (define) of intelligence. (所给词的适当形式填空) 63. She decided to raised the a________ (a loud noise or a signal that warns people of danger or a problem) when she saw the fire in the apartment. (根据首字母提示单词拼写) 64. The novel is written in p________ (simple, clear or obvious) English so that it is not hard to comprehend. (根据首字母提示单词拼写) 65. Being exposed to a foreign culture is b________ (having a helpful or useful effect) for us to learn the local language.(根据首字母提示单词拼写) 二、完成句子(共10空;每空0.5分，满分5分) 66. 你必须承认，大多数时候球队在压力下表现得更好。 You have to admit that most of the time the team performs better ________ ________. 67. 这部新电影是根据简·奥斯汀的一部小说改编的。 This new film is ________ ________ a novel by Jane Austen. 68. 既然天气好转了，这个周末我们就可以去公园野餐了。 ________ ________ the weather has improved, we can go for a picnic in the park this weekend. 69. 加拿大的一项研究对儿童的智商分数进行了长达9个月的跟踪调查。 One study in Canada ________ ________ ________ ________ children’s IQ scores for nine months. 第四节 课文填空(共5题，每题2分，满分10分) 课文填空 Much has been written about the wonders of the World Wide Web. There are ____70____ telling us how the Internet has made our lives more convenient. We no longer have to wait in line or ____71____ around when we go shopping. We can get the most updated information from ____72____. We can download software, documents, and images ____73____ we need them. But the Internet has done much more for people than simply make life more convenient. People’s lives have been changed by online communities and ____74____.At the moment, the milu deer are still living in ____75____ where they are being protected and cared for. As a result, their population is now recovering fast. Soon a new chapter will ____76____ the strange tale of these special animals. The deer are being trained to survive outside the park so that they can one day all____77____. The rescue of the milu deer is already ____78____. Now it is up to us to make sure that the deer live happily ever after. 第五部分 写作(满分15分) 79. 随着寒假的临近，学生们将有更多的接触网络的时间。假如你是学生会主席David，请你围绕“文明上网”的话题，向全校学生写一封倡议书，内容包括： 1.倡议的背景； 2.倡议的内容； 3.发出呼吁。 注意事项：1. 词数100左右；2. 适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。 Dear fellow students, _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Students Union 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 2024学年第一学期高一年级期末考试试卷 英语 第一部分 单项选择(共10小题，每小题1分，满分10分) 1. Was it _______ he said or something he did________ made you cry? A. what; that B. that; which C. that; that D. what; which 【答案】A 【解析】 【详解】考查主语从句和强调句。句意：——是他说了什么还是他做了什么让你哭得这么伤心？根据句子结构，第一空填写的是主语从句的引导词，在从句中作said的宾语。指代的是物，故填what。第二空中与句中的it was构成强调句结构，对主语从句“what he said or something that he did”进行强调。强调句结构为：it was+强调的部分+that...，that符合句意。故第一空填what，第二空填that。故选A项。 2. You must have told her about the truth, ___________? A. needn’t you B. haven’t you C. will you D. mustn’t you 【答案】B 【解析】 【详解】考查反意疑问句。句意：你一定告诉她真相了，不是吗？must have done表示对已发生的过去情况的推测，若陈述句谓语部分有“must have done”，而且有表示过去的时间状语，反意疑问部分用“didn’t+主语”；若没有表示过去的时间状语，反意疑问部分用“haven’t或hasn’t+主语”。故选B。 3. I will never forget the days ________ we spent together and ________ we made friends with some farmers. A. when; that B. that; that C. that; when D. which; which 【答案】C 【解析】 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：我永远不会忘记我们在一起度过的日子，当我们和一些农民交朋友的时候。第一空为引导定语从句的关系词，先行词为名词the days，指物，关系词在从句中作spent的宾语，因此用that或者which；第二个空格处也为定语从句的关系词，先行词为days，在句子中作状语，表示时间，所以用关系副词when。故选C。 4. That land, ________ you get your strength is the only thing ________ matters. A. from which; / B. which; that C. where; which D. from which; that 【答案】D 【解析】 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：那片土地，你从中获得力量，是唯一重要的东西。一空处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词That land指物，从句中有固定搭配：get sth. from意为“从……得到某物”，缺少介词from，所以应该用from which引导从句，二空处引导定语从句，先行词是the only thing，关系词替代先行词在从句中作主语，当先行词有only修饰时，只能用that引导。故选D项。 5. Only by changing the way ________ we treat the wildlife ________ with the nature in harmony. A. how; can we exist B. which; we can exist C. that; can we exist D. where; we can exist 【答案】C 【解析】 【详解】考查定语从句和倒装句。句意：只有改变我们对待野生动物的方式，我们才能与自然和谐相处。第一空引导定语从句，先行词是way，关系词在从句中作方式状语，应用that或in which引导；本句是“only+介词短语”置于句首，句子使用部分倒装，因此，第二空应把助动词can提到句首。故选C。 6. In front of the farmhouse ________. A. a small boy sat B. did a small boy sit C. sat a small boy D. was sitting a small boy 【答案】C 【解析】 【详解】考查全部倒装。句意：农场的前面坐着一个小男孩。当表示地点的介词短语“in front of the farmhouse”位于句首，且句子的主语是名词短语a small boy，谓语动词是不及物动词时，句子要使用完全倒装结构，即将谓语动词sat置于主语a small boy之前。故选C。 7. I ______ for Shanghai this Saturday, so I want to know when the earliest plane ______. A. leave; takes off B. am leaving; takes off C. will leave; is taking off D. am leaving; is taking off 【答案】B 【解析】 【详解】考查动词时态。句意：我这周六要去上海，所以我想知道最早的飞机什么时候起飞。通常情况下，瞬间动词leave，come，go等用现在进行时表示将来的动作，所以第一空为am leaving，第二句话问最早的飞机什么时候起飞，英语中飞机，火车，汽车按时间表出发，到达，用一般现在时表将来时。故选B。 8. The wooden tower that _________ will be open to tourists soon, and the work is almost finished. A. is being restored B. is restored C. is restoring D. restores 【答案】A 【解析】 【详解】考查时态语态。句意：正在修复的木塔很快将对游客开放，工程即将完工。A. is being restored正在被修复，现在进行时的被动语态；B. is restored被修复，一般现在时的被动语态；C. is restoring正在修复，现在进行时；D.restores修复，一般现在时。此句the wooden tower是先行词，做定语从句的主语，restore是定语从句的谓语动词，二者在逻辑上是被动关系，所以要用被动语态。根据后文the work is almost finished，修复工作几乎快要结束，说明还没结束，修复、复原工作正在进行。所以要用现在进行时的被动语态。故填is being restored，故选A项。 9. In the UK, when having dinner with your friends, you have to wait until everyone else ________ before you start eating. A. has served B. was served C. has been served D. had been served 【答案】C 【解析】 【详解】考查时态和语态。句意：在英国，当你和你的朋友共进晚餐时，你必须等到所有人都就坐后才开始吃饭。空格处缺少谓语动词，句中指你必须等到所有人都就坐后才开始吃饭，强调“所有人都就坐”的动作已经完成，应用现在完成时，everyone else意为“所有人”，于serve为被动关系，故句子应用现在完成时的被动语态，everyone else作主语，谓语动词用单数形式。故选C项。 10. A proposal has been put forward at a recent video conference that measures ________ to raise the citizens’ awareness of traffic safety. A. would take B. must be taken C. should take D. be taken 【答案】D 【解析】 【详解】考查同位语从句和虚拟语气。句意：在最近的一次视频会议上提出了一项提案，要求采取措施提高市民的交通安全意识。分析句子结构可知，“that measures to raise the citizens’ awareness of traffic safety.”是名词proposal(建议)的同位语从句，proposal此处表示“建议”，所以其后面的同位语从句要使用“should+动词原形”的虚拟语气，should可以省略。从句主语 measures与take之间为被动故选，所以用被动语态。故选D。 第二部分 阅读(共两节，满分50分) 第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5) 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。 A A Guide to New York City’s Best Bookstores In the hot and crowded summer city, there’s nothing better than finding a cool and quiet bookstore to get lost in. Undoubtedly, a great bookstore can provide both relaxation and inspiration. Here are the must-visit bookstores in New York City: McNally Jackson McNally Jackson is a beloved independent bookstore with multiple locations known for its good selection and welcoming atmosphere. Besides offering a wide range of genres, many locations feature a cozy café where you can enjoy coffee, pastries, and light snacks while browsing or reading. The Mysterious Bookshop As the name suggests, The Mysterious Bookshop specializes in mystery, crime, and detective fiction, offering a wide range of related books. The store regularly hosts book signings and readings with well-known authors in the mystery genre, providing fans with opportunities to meet their favorite writers. The knowledgeable staff is passionate about mystery fiction and can provide personalized recommendations. Dashwood Books For those who love photography, Dashwood Books is a hidden paradise on Bond Street. Here you can find rare, limited, and out-of-print photo books. Some days, you’ll ever find bargain bins (柜) located near the back of the store, with options for less than＄5 a pop. Fashion designers, such as Simone Rocha, have been known to wander to the store for inspiration. Chelsea Market’s Posman Books Posman Books at Chelsea Market is a delightful spot for book lovers, hidden in one of NYC’s most popular food markets. The store offers a good selection of bestsellers, children’s books, and unique gifts, making it a great place to pick up something special while exploring the market. 11. Which bookstore can provide some advice? A. McNally Jackson B. Dashwood Books C. The Mysterious Bookshop D. Chelsea Market’s Posman Books 12. What unique feature does Posman Books have? A. A large selection of rare books. B. A location within a food market. C. Special events with famous authors. D. A wide collection of mystery novels. 13. What is the main purpose of the passage? A. To promote online book shopping. B. To offer recommendations for bookstores. C. To compare the service of some bookstores. D. To discuss the history of some bookstores. 【答案】11. C 12. B 13. B 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了纽约市最好的几家书店，包括它们各自的特色和吸引点。 【11题详解】 细节理解题。根据The Mysterious Bookshop部分中的“The knowledgeable staff is passionate about mystery fiction and can provide personalized recommendations.( 知识渊博的工作人员对神秘小说充满热情，可以提供个性化的推荐)”可知，The Mysterious Bookshop这家书店可以提供一些建议。故选C项。 【12题详解】 细节理解题。根据Chelsea Market’s Posman Books部分中的“Posman Books at Chelsea Market is a delightful spot for book lovers, hidden in one of NYC’s most popular food markets. (切尔西市场的波斯曼书店是书籍爱好者的一个愉悦之地，它隐藏在纽约市最受欢迎的一个食品市场内)”可知，Posman Books的独特之处在于它位于一个食品市场内。故选B项。 【13题详解】 推理判断题。通读全文，结合文章标题“A Guide to New York City’s Best Bookstores(纽约市最佳书店指南)”以及第一段中的“Here are the must-visit bookstores in New York City: (以下是纽约市必去的书店)”可知，文章主要介绍了纽约市最好的几家书店，故文章的主要目的是为读者推荐一些书店。故选B项。 B Jeff Steele was born in Texas and grew up in Mississippi. A gifted singer, Jeff began writing songs when he was in high school. “I was going to be the next Lionel Richie,” he recalls with a smile. In time, however, Jeff began to write songs, and in the early 1980s formed a group called The Steeles. Within a decade, not only had the group signed a recording contract with Daywind Records, but Jeff became a staff writer for the label and moved his family to Nashville, Tennessee. Throughout the 1990s, Jeff penned a string of hits for Daywind, including four No. 1 songs for The Steeles. But not only does Jeff write for his group, he also has his songs recorded by other artists that include Greater Vision, The Florida Boys, The Perrys, The Gaither Vocal Band and others. Jeff’s efforts have collected four BMI Awards for radio singles by Karen Peck & New River, The Inspirations, and Legacy Five, along with a popular song by The Steeles. That song also received a Dove Awards nomination (提名), as did “Not One Word” by The Collingsworth Family. What has changed for Jeff regarding songwriting over the last three decades? “I used to write everything alone, but now I enjoy co-writing, especially with my son, Brad.” The Steeles’ latest StowTown Records release, Be the Reason, contains multiple songs penned by the father and son, with each having an unusual feel. Perhaps this is because Brad — at age 30 — is writing as a young man from the point of looking forward, and Jeff — at age 63 — is writing from a pen of wisdom and experience. This may also be part of the reason that their songs are connecting with all of us: because we, as listeners, can benefit from both generations. 14. Who might Lionel Richie be? A. A writer. B. A friend of Jeff’s. C. A well-known musician. D. A member of The Steeles. 15. What does paragraph 2 mainly focus on? A. Jeff’s crucial role in his group. B. Jeff’s influence on other artists. C. Jeff’s secret to success as a singer. D. Jeff’s extraordinary achievements. 16. What is special about Be the Reason? A. It was completed by Brad himself. B. It contains a multi-generational feel. C. It displays people from all walks of life. D. It received a Dove Awards nomination. 17. Which of the following can best describe Jeff? A. Talented and devoted. B. Tough and generous. C. Scholarly and friendly. D. Ambitious and imaginative. 【答案】14. C 15. D 16. B 17. A 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇记叙文。短文叙述了Jeff Steele的音乐之旅。 【14题详解】 推理判断题。根据第一段“A gifted singer, Jeff began writing songs when he was in high school. “I was going to be the next Lionel Richie,” he recalls with a smile. (杰夫是个有天赋的歌手，他在高中时就开始写歌了。“我要成为下一个莱昂内尔·里奇，”他笑着回忆道)”可知Lionel Richie是一个著名的歌手。故选C项。 【15题详解】 主旨大意题。根据第二段“Throughout the 1990s, Jeff penned a string of hits for Daywind, including four No. 1 songs for The Steeles. But not only does Jeff write for his group, he also has his songs recorded by other artists that include Greater Vision, The Florida Boys, The Perrys, The Gaither Vocal Band and others. Jeff’s efforts have collected four BMI Awards for radio singles by Karen Peck & New River, The Inspirations, and Legacy Five, along with a popular song by The Steeles. That song also received a Dove Awards nomination (提名), as did “Not One Word” by The Collingsworth Family. (在整个20世纪90年代，杰夫为日风乐队创作了一系列热门歌曲，包括为钢铁乐队创作的四首冠军歌曲。但杰夫不仅为他的乐队写歌，他还为其他艺术家录制他的歌曲，包括Greater Vision， The Florida Boys, The Perrys， The Gaither Vocal Band等。杰夫的努力获得了Karen Peck & New River、The Inspirations和Legacy Five的四项BMI广播单曲奖，以及The Steeles的一首流行歌曲。这首歌也获得了鸽子奖的提名，同样获得提名的还有The Collingsworth Family的《Not One Word》)”可知，第二段主要讲了杰夫的非凡成就。故选D项。 【16题详解】 细节理解题。根据最后一段“Perhaps this is because Brad - at age 30 - is writing as a young man from the point of looking forward, and Jeff - at age 63 - is writing from a pen of wisdom and experience. (也许这是因为30岁的布拉德以年轻人的眼光展望未来，而63岁的杰夫则以智慧和经验的笔触书写。)”可知，《Be the Reason》具有多代人的视角与感受。故选B项。 【17题详解】 推理判断题。根据第二段“Throughout the 1990s, Jeff penned a string of hits for Daywind, including four No. 1 songs for The Steeles. But not only does Jeff write for his group, he also has his songs recorded by other artists that include Greater Vision, The Florida Boys, The Perrys, The Gaither Vocal Band and others. Jeff’s efforts have collected four BMI Awards for radio singles by Karen Peck & New River, The Inspirations, and Legacy Five, along with a popular song by The Steeles. That song also received a Dove Awards nomination (提名), as did“Not One Word”by The Collingsworth Family. (在整个20世纪90年代，杰夫为日风乐队创作了一系列热门歌曲，包括为钢铁乐队创作的四首冠军歌曲。但杰夫不仅为他的乐队写歌，他还为其他艺术家录制他的歌曲，包括Greater Vision， The Florida Boys, The Perrys， The Gaither Vocal Band等。杰夫的努力获得了Karen Peck & New River、The Inspirations和Legacy Five的四项BMI广播单曲奖，以及The Steeles的一首流行歌曲。这首歌也获得了鸽子奖的提名，同样获得提名的还有The Collingsworth Family的《Not One Word》)”可知，短文介绍了Jeff Steele的音乐才华和他多年来在音乐创作上的付出和成功，可以描述他为才华横溢且全心投入。故选A项。 C A cyclist pedals down the street. The cyclist’s brain takes in information from what he has perceived but can no longer see. The brain sorts through that information—the color, shape and text on signs, for example—and selects what is most important. Based on that, he takes the correct turn and continues on. Freek Van Ede, cognitive neuroscientist (神经学家) at Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, studies attention. He uses a lot of bicycling metaphors. His focus is not on external attention—what someone is looking at or attending to in the moment. Instead, Van Ede is trying to understand what happens inside-how the brain focuses on and grabs exactly what it needs from incoming information to guide future behavior. Getting a more real-world picture means measuring brain activity in real time, which is why Van Ede uses electro-encephalography (脑电图), paired with eye tracking. In one experiment, participants watched objects briefly appear on a screen. Van Ede found that when a participant was asked to recall something about an object that had been onscreen, their gaze moved quickly toward where the object had been, even though it was no longer there. That movement was detectable as microsaccades (微跳视)—tiny unconscious movements that your eyes make. When participants shifted their attention to focus on where an object had been, the microsaccades were systematically pulled in the direction of that attention shift. This discovery opened new opportunities for tracking “the mind’s eye,” Van Ede says, and so decoding what information the brain is using to plan future action. Van Ede’s lab has used the technique to show that when preparing for the future, the brain doesn’t wait until all the information is in to make a plan. Instead, the brain plans possible actions as each piece of information comes in—even though the brain can select only one plan in the end. Knowing how the brain plans actions could someday help scientists gain an insight into memory disorders or attention problems. 18. How does the author introduce the topic? A. By making an assumption. B. By giving a relevant example. C By making some contrasts. D. By listing research data. 19. What does Van Ede’s study concentrate on? A. Cognitive neuroscience. B. External environment. C. Internal attention. D. Unconscious movements. 20. What can we learn about Van Ede’s experiment? A. Electro-encephalography is the only method to use. B. The brain doesn’t plan future action until all information has come in. C. Participants fail to recall what they perceived previously. D. Participants’ microsaccades correspond to their attention shifts. 21. What aspect may the discovery be applied in? A. Decoding all messages in the brain. B. Improving cognitive competence. C. Knowing some memory problems. D. Helping cure certain brain illnesses. 【答案】18. B 19. C 20. D 21. C 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇就明文。文章介绍了范·埃德的研究重点：内部注意力，即大脑如何集中注意力，从传入的信息中准确地获取所需信息，以指导接下来的行为以及这一研究的意义。 18题详解】 推理判断题。根据第一段“A cyclist pedals down the street. The cyclist’s brain takes in information from what he has perceived but can no longer see. The brain sorts through that information—the color, shape and text on signs, for example—and selects what is most important. Based on that, he takes the correct turn and continues on.(一个骑自行车的人在街上骑车。骑自行车的人的大脑从他已经感知但已经看不到的东西中获取信息。大脑会对这些信息进行分类——例如，标识上的颜色、形状和文字——并选择最重要的信息。在此基础上，他选择了正确的转弯，继续前进。)”可知，作者是通过骑车人的例子引入主题的。故选B项。 【19题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段的句子“His focus is not on external attention—what someone is looking at or attending to in the moment. Instead, Van Ede is trying to understand what happens inside-how the brain focuses on and grabs exactly what it needs from incoming information to guide future behavior.(他的注意力不集中在外界的注意力上——也就是某人此刻正在看或关注的东西。相反，范·埃德试图了解大脑内部发生了什么——大脑如何从传入的信息中聚焦并准确抓取它所需要的信息，以指导未来的行为。)”可知，范·埃德研究重点是大脑内部注意力。故选C项。 【20题详解】 细节理解题。根据第四段的句子“That movement was detectable as microsaccades (微跳视)—tiny unconscious movements that your eyes make. When participants shifted their attention to focus on where an object had been, the microsaccades were systematically pulled in the direction of that attention shift.(这种运动可以通过微跳视来检测，微跳视是你眼睛做出的无意识的微小运动。当参与者将注意力转移到物体所在的位置时，微跳视会被系统地拉向这个注意力转移的方向。)”可知，参与者的微跳视与他们的注意力转移是一致的。故选D项。 【21题详解】 细节理解题。根据最后一段的句子“Knowing how the brain plans actions could someday help scientists gain an insight into memory disorders or attention problems.(了解大脑是如何计划行动的，有一天可以帮助科学家深入了解记忆障碍或注意力问题。)”可知，这一发现可以应用于了解有关记忆障碍或注意力的问题。故选C项。 D On September 9, 2024, Apple released its latest iPhone 16 series at an event called “It’s Glowtime”. At the event, Tim Cook, the company’s CEO, played up the promise of the phones’ AI features in a pre-recorded video. Indeed, the demonstration seemed impressive. When Cook pointed the camera at a restaurant, the AI assistant Siri could tell him what was on the menu. It also could answer his questions fairly well and learn about the users from their interactions with their devices. For instance, Siri could know if a user’s mother was calling and acted appropriately. Apple is one of many firms that want to take AI beyond huge data centres, known as the cloud, and run it on smaller devices, known as the edge. Samsung, Apple’s major competitor, launched its Galaxy S24 with some AI features earlier this year. So did Microsoft, which has launched Windows PCs designed for AI. But their efforts have shown that it is not easy to shift cloud-based AI models to the edge devices. At present, cloud-based AI models are mostly trained on graphics processing units (GPUs) that consume so much energy that it can take a nuclear-power plant to fuel them. They also need huge amounts of memory and data. All these can cost hundreds of millions of dollars. Even once they are trained, running these AI models is costly. According to one estimate, it costs OpenAI, the maker of ChatGPT, 36 cents every time someone asks its AI model a question. Companies are experimenting with various solutions to these problems. Apple will offer on-device AI to deal with the easiest tasks, but send trickier problems to the firm’s private cloud. The service will direct the most difficult requests to third-party models such as ChatGPT. But even such smaller on-device AI models require a lot of computing power to run, which puts huge stress on the edge devices’ batteries. “Making the technology work could not only start a supercycle in device sales, but also create new opportunities for apps and digital advertising,” says Neil Shah of Counterpoint, a research firm. “But for the moment, edge devices are barely ready for basic functions, let alone Glowtime.” 22. What is the second paragraph mainly about? A. The Glowtime event. B. iPhone 16’s AI features. C. Tim Cook’s performance. D. The future of AI phones. 23. Why are Samsung and Microsoft mentioned in the text? A. To tell readers how bad competition can be. B. To warn Apple of the potential consequences. C. To compare their newly released edge devices. D. To show how hard it is to apply AI to edge devices. 24. What is the problem with cloud-based AI models? A. OpenAI charges too much money. B. All of them have to be trained on GPUs. C. It is too expensive to train and run them. D. They can only deal with the easiest tasks. 25. What does Neil Shah most probably imply? A. iPhone 16 is bound to disappoint its users. B. AI phones’ success will depend on new apps. C. Sales of AI phones will increase greatly soon. D. Tim Cook was not honest with the AI features. 【答案】22. B 23. D 24. C 25. A 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要分析了iPhone 16存在的技术问题。 【22题详解】 主旨大意题。根据文章第二段“When Cook pointed the camera at a restaurant, the AI assistant Siri could tell him what was on the menu. It also could answer his questions fairly well and learn about the users from their interactions with their devices. For instance, Siri could know if a user’s mother was calling and acted appropriately.(当库克将摄像头对准一家餐厅时，人工智能助手Siri可以告诉他菜单上有什么。它还可以很好地回答他的问题，并从用户与设备的互动中了解用户。例如，Siri可以知道用户的母亲是否在打电话，并做出适当的反应)”可知，本段主要介绍了iPhone已经具备的AI功能。故选B。 【23题详解】 推理判断题。根据文章第三段“Samsung, Apple’s major competitor, launched its Galaxy S24 with some AI features earlier this year. So did Microsoft, which has launched Windows PCs designed for AI. But their efforts have shown that it is not easy to shift cloud-based AI models to the edge devices.(今年早些时候，苹果的主要竞争对手三星推出了带有一些人工智能功能的Galaxy S24。微软（Microsoft）也是如此，它推出了专为人工智能设计的Windows PCs。但它们的努力表明，将基于云的人工智能模型转移到边缘设备并不容易)”可知，文章提及三星和微软是为了展示将人工智能应用于边缘设备有多么困难。故选D。 【24题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章第四段“All these can cost hundreds of millions of dollars. Even once they are trained, running these AI models is costly.(所有这些都可能耗资数亿美元。即使训练有素，运行这些人工智能模型也是昂贵的)”可知，培训和运行基于云的人工智能模型价格昂贵，这是一个问题。故选C。 【25题详解】 推理判断题。根据文章最后一段“But for the moment, edge devices are barely ready for basic functions, let alone Glowtime.(但就目前而言，边缘设备的基本功能还不完善，更不用说Glowtime了)”及第一段“On September 9, 2024, Apple released its latest iPhone 16 series at an event called “It’s Glowtime”. At the event, Tim Cook, the company’s CEO, played up the promise of the phones’ AI features in a pre- recorded video.(2024年9月9日，苹果在名为“It 's Glowtime”的活动上发布了最新的iPhone 16系列。在发布会上，苹果首席执行官蒂姆•库克（Tim Cook）在一段预先录制的视频中强调了这款手机的人工智能功能)”可知，Neil Shah认为苹果16的人工智能技术还不完善，所以苹果16用户会失望。故选A。 第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分) 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 We all have times when it feels impossible to look away from our screens, whether we’re swiping our way through dating apps or Pinterest boards or doomscrolling through our news feeds. ____26____ The Internet even has a name for it: brain rot (脑腐). And brain rot happens so often to so many of us that it just got named the 2024 Oxford word of the year. ____27____ but the unhealthy amount of screen time it describes can definitely lead to a wide variety of cognitive and emotional problems. Excessive screen time can negatively affect attention, concentration, learning, memory, emotional regulation, and social functioning. Warning signs of brain rot in people of all ages can be similar to what happens in older adults who are developing cognitive impairment (损伤). However, there are some things you can do to prevent it and try to reverse some of its impact. ____28____. Screen breaks, time limits, and restrictions for using certain unhealthy apps can be useful. There are lots of apps that can help you track total screen time, and enforce digital detox periods (数字戒毒期) to help you unplug and engage with activities in real life. This is more of a short-term fix, however, and you may need to take a hard look at your daily habits in order to improve your mood and cognitive function once brain rot sets in. ____29____. A good suggestion is to replace screen time with other activities like meditation, exercise, reading, joining in-person social groups, learning new skills, playing with animals, engaging with nature. ____30____ A. Brain rot isn’t an official medical diagnosis (诊断). B. Whatever substitutes, remember to do them regularly. C. Changing digital media habits can improve well-being. D. Brain rot can be caused by the way we use our screens. E. Children and teens are most at risk because their brains are still developing. F. This urge can be so strong that it messes with our focus and our cognitive (认知的) health. G. For real change, one should consider lifestyle changes that are sustainable in the long-term. 【答案】26. F 27. A 28. C 29. G 30. B 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了“脑腐”现象、危害及预防措施。 【26题详解】 上文“We all have times when it feels impossible to look away from our screens, whether we’re swiping our way through dating apps or Pinterest boards or doomscrolling through our news feeds.(我们都有这样的时候，感觉无法将目光从屏幕上移开，无论是在滑动约会应用程序、Pinterest 页面，还是在浏览新闻推送时)”讲述了人们难以从屏幕上移开目光的情况。空处承接上文，进一步说明这种情况带来的影响。F项“这种冲动可能非常强烈，以至于会扰乱我们的注意力和认知健康”符合语境，该项中的“This urge”指代上文提到的难以从屏幕上移开目光的冲动。故选F。 【27题详解】 下文“but the unhealthy amount of screen time it describes can definitely lead to a wide variety of cognitive and emotional problems.(但它所描述的不健康的屏幕使用时间肯定会导致各种各样的认知和情感问题)”说明过度屏幕时间会带来问题。句中 but表转折，说明空处内容与 “不健康的屏幕使用时间会导致问题” 形成转折关系。A 项““脑腐”不是一种官方的医学诊断。”指出“脑腐”不是官方医学诊断，与下文“但它描述的不健康屏幕时间会导致问题”构成转折，符合语境。故选A。 【28题详解】 上文“However, there are some things you can do to prevent it and try to reverse some of its impact.(然而，你可以做一些事情来预防它，并试图扭转它的一些影响)”提到了预防和扭转“脑腐”影响的一些做法。下文 “Screen breaks, time limits, and restrictions for using certain unhealthy apps can be useful.(屏幕休息时间、时间限制以及对使用某些不健康应用程序的限制可能会很有用)”具体说明了一些改变使用数字媒体习惯的做法。C 项“改变数字媒体使用习惯可以提高幸福感”起到承上启下的作用，说明改变数字媒体习惯能带来好处，符合语境。故选C。 【29题详解】 上文“This is more of a short-term fix, however, and you may need to take a hard look at your daily habits in order to improve your mood and cognitive function once brain rot sets in.(然而，这更多的是一种短期的解决办法，一旦‘脑腐’出现，你可能需要认真审视自己的日常习惯，以改善你的情绪和认知功能)”指出短期解决办法有局限性，需要审视日常习惯。G项“为了真正的改变，一个人应该考虑长期可持续的生活方式的改变”进一步强调为实现真正改变需要考虑长期可持续的生活方式改变，承接上文，符合语境。故选G。 【30题详解】 上文“A good suggestion is to replace screen time with other activities like meditation, exercise, reading, joining in-person social groups, learning new skills, playing with animals, engaging with nature.(一个好的建议是用其他活动来代替屏幕时间，比如冥想、锻炼、阅读、参加面对面的社交团体、学习新技能、和动物玩耍、亲近自然)”给出了一些替代屏幕时间的活动。B项“无论是什么替代活动，记得定期去做”对上文进行总结，强调无论选择什么替代活动都要定期进行，符合语境。故选B。 第三部分 语言运用(共四节，满分55分) 第一节 完形填空(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分。) 阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 With me being under great pressure of busy work, having a family picnic was like a distant topic tome. All I wanted to have was a relaxing ____31____ with my family at some place off the ____32____ path where the city noise will not be deafening and the air will be ____33____. It was during the weekend of Christmas and we ____34____ to make full use of the vacation at a nature park. As most people generally ____35____ in the urban areas to celebrate Christmas, the nature park was less crowded and it gave us the ____36____ to reserve a campsite to stay overnight and have a picnic. Surrounded by towering pine groves (松树林), the picnic area was quiet with only the singing of the birds ____37____ the silence. The murmuring cascade (小瀑布) nearby ____38____ the charm of the forest and we made sure to take a ____39____ into the pool formed beneath the waterfall. Hunger soon ____40____ us after taking a refreshing swim and thanks to my mother, we ____41____ our stomachs with delicious sandwiches. Meanwhile my brother was busy barbecuing the chicken with his wife and with it, our lunch was luxurious. In the ____42____, we had a bonfire (篝火) at the picnic site and under the starlit sky, the picnic ____43____ as we entered our respective camps. Far from the city crowd, a picnic with family was something all of us ____44____ to explore the other side of life. A small campsite and picnic facilities made our time ____45____ and the added bonus was the refreshing dive into the pool. 31. A. vacation B. arrangement C. appointment D. play 32. A. social B. free C. current D. happy 33. A. pure B. thin C. fragrant D. cold 34. A. pretended B. refused C. decided D. struggled 35. A. stopped B. gathered C. cheered D. applauded 36. A. benefit B. option C. opportunity D. time 37. A. preserving B. disturbing C. reflecting D. spoiling 38. A. added to B. appealed to C. turned to D. led to 39. A. nap B. dip C. rest D. shot 40. A. hit B. failed C. distracted D. stirred 41. A. occupied B. filled C. supplied D. equipped 42. A. day B. afternoon C. morning D. evening 43. A. happened B. arose C. disappeared D. concluded 44. A. bothered B. competed C. desired D. paused 45. A. humorous B. unexpected C. temporary D. enjoyable 【答案】31. A 32. C 33. A 34. C 35. B 36. C 37. B 38. A 39. B 40. A 41. B 42. D 43. D 44. C 45. D 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇记叙文，文章主要介绍了作者和家人远离城市的喧嚣，利用圣诞节假期去自然公园野餐的经历。 【31题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：我想要的只是和我的家人在一个远离当前道路的地方度过一个轻松的假期，那里的城市噪音不会震耳欲聋，空气会很纯净。A. vacation假期；B. arrangement安排；C. appointment预约，约会；D. play玩耍。根据下文“where the city noise will not be deafening”以及“we ____4____ to make full use of the vacation at a nature park”可知，作者想要一个放松的假期，故选A。 【32题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意同上。A. social社会的，社交的；B. free自由的，免费的；C. current当前的；D. happy高兴的。根据上文“With me being under great pressure of busy work”可知，作者工作繁忙，推知作者当前生活在喧嚣的城市中，故选C。 【33题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意同上。A. pure纯净的，干净的；B. thin薄的，稀薄的；C. fragrant芳香的；D. cold寒冷的。结合上文“where the city noise will not be deafening”可知，作者想去一个远离噪音、空气清新纯净的地方，故选A。 【34题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：那是在圣诞节的周末，我们决定在自然公园充分利用这个假期。A. pretended假装；B. refused拒绝；C. decided决定；D. struggled挣扎。结合下文“make full use of the vacation at a nature park”以及描述的野餐经历可知，作者一家决定去自然公园度过假期，故选C。 【35题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：由于大多数人通常聚集在市区庆祝圣诞节，自然公园不那么拥挤，这给了我们一个预订露营地过夜和野餐的机会。A. stopped停止；B. gathered聚集；C. cheered欢呼，加油；D. applauded鼓掌。根据下文“the nature park was less crowded”可知，自然公园没有那么拥挤，推知人们都聚集在市区庆祝节日，故选B。 【36题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意同上。A. benefit好处；B. option选择；C. opportunity机会；D. time时间。根据上文“the nature park was less crowded”可知，自然公园不那么拥挤，这给了作者一家一个预订露营地过夜和野餐的机会，故选C。 【37题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：野餐区四周是高耸的松林，很安静，只有鸟儿的歌声打破了寂静。A. preserving保护，保存；B. disturbing打扰，搅扰；C. reflecting反映；D. spoiling糟蹋，宠坏。根据下文“the singing of the birds”以及“the silence”可知，只有鸟声打破周围的寂静，故选B。 【38题详解】 考查动词短语辨析。句意：附近潺潺的瀑布更增添了森林的魅力，我们一定要在瀑布下形成的水池里泡一泡。A. added to增加；B. appealed to吸引；C. turned to求助于；D. led to导致，通向。根据上文内容以及“The murmuring cascade (小瀑布) nearby”可知，作者野餐的地方四周是高耸的松林，很安静，潺潺的瀑布更增添了森林的魅力，故选A。 【39题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意同上。A. nap小睡；B. dip泡一泡；C. rest休息；D. shot射击。根据下文“into the pool”和下文“taking a refreshing swim”可知，此处指在水池里泡一泡，故选B。 【40题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：在游了一个清爽的泳后，我们很快就饿了，多亏了我妈妈，我们用美味的三明治填满了肚子。A. hit击打，袭击；B. failed失败；C. distracted使分心；D. stirred搅拌。根据下文“with delicious sandwiches”以及“our lunch was luxurious”可知，此处指饿意袭来，故选A。 【41题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意同上。A. occupied占据；B. filled充满；C. supplied供应；D. equipped配备。根据上文“Hunger”可知，肚子饿了应是用食物填饱肚子，故选B。 【42题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：晚上，我们在野餐地点起了篝火，在繁星点点的天空下，我们进入各自的营地，野餐结束了。A. day白天；B. afternoon下午；C. morning上午；D. evening晚上。根据下文“under the starlit sky”可知，时间到了晚上，故选D。 【43题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意同上。A. happened发生；B. arose出现；C. disappeared消失；D. concluded结束。根据下文“as we entered our respective camps”和语境可知，晚上大家各自进入营地，故野餐结束了，故选D。 【44题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：远离城市人群，和家人一起野餐是我们所有人都想做的事情，探索生活的另一面。A. bothered困扰；B. competed竞争，完成；C. desired渴望；D. paused停止。根据第一段中“All I wanted to have was a relaxing ____1____ with my family”以及“we ____4____ to make full use of the vacation at a nature park”可知，作者和家人都想远离城市拥挤一起去野餐，探索生活的另一面，故选C。 【45题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：一个小露营地和野餐设施使我们的时间很愉快，额外的奖励是在游泳池里潜水。A. humorous幽默的；B. unexpected出乎意料的；C. temporary临时的；D. enjoyable愉快的。根据上文描述的野餐过程以及空后“the added bonus”可知，作者和家人野餐过得很愉快，故选D。 第二节 语法填空(共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分) 阅读下面材料，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Americans and Chinese eat differently in ____46____ (variety) ways. The difference come from the different ways of thinking and philosophy between the two countries. In China, people think food is essential to man while Americans ____47____ (simple) pay more attention to nutrition of food. Since ancient days. Chinese food culture has been improved to many branches, such as Lu, Chuan, Yue. Dishes are not only tasty but also satisfying to your senses, many of ____48____ have beautiful and fancy names. American food is simple, ____49____ (lack) a kind nice atmosphere, because eating ____50____ (refer) to as a way of communication and ____51____ (survive). When it comes ____52____ table manners, Chinese usually sit around the table and share the dishes together. In comparison, Americans prefer to have ____53____ share of their own. People in China use chopsticks to clamp (夹取) dishes while Americans tend to cut food with their knives or use forks ____54____ (hold) in their right hands to bring all food to their mouths. Each of these styles is acceptable in both countries. However, you will be _____55_____ (little) attractive by using a fork and knife in the USA, as most Americans are not as used to chopsticks as Chinese are. 【答案】46. various 47. simply 48. which 49. lacking 50. is referred 51. survival 52. to 53. a 54. held 55. less 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了中国和美国在对待食物上观点的差异以及不同的餐桌礼仪。 【46题详解】 考查形容词。句意：美国人和中国人在许多方面有不同的饮食习惯。空格处位于名词之前，修饰名词，因此需要用形容词，variety的形容词为various意为“各种各样的”。故填various。 【47题详解】 考查副词。句意：在中国，人们认为食物对人是必不可少的，而美国人只是更关注食物的营养。空格处修饰动词，因此需要用副词，simple的副词形式为simply，意为“仅仅，只是”符合句意。故填simply。 【48题详解】 考查定语从句。句意：菜肴不仅美味，而且满足你的感官，其中许多都有美丽而奇特的名字。此处为关系词引导的非限定性定语从句，修饰的先行词Dishes，位于介词之后作宾语，所以此处使用关系代词which。故填which。 【49题详解】 考查非谓语动词动词。句意：美国的食物很简单，缺乏一种亲切友好的氛围，因为吃被认为是一种交流和生存的方式。此处为非谓语动词作状语，lack与逻辑主语American food之间为主动关系，所以此处使用现在分词作状语。故填lacking。 【50题详解】 考查谓语动词。句意：美国的食物很简单，缺乏一种亲切友好的氛围，因为吃被认为是一种交流和生存的方式。空格处需要填入谓语动词，本句为陈述事实，所以使用一般现在时，refer to与主语eating之间为被动关系，所以需要使用一般现在时的被动语态，主语为动名词，因此be动词用单数。故填is referred。 【51题详解】 考查名词。句意：美国的食物很简单，缺乏一种亲切友好的氛围，因为吃被认为是一种交流和生存的方式。此处与communication并列，所以需要填入名词，survive的名词为survival，表示“生存”为不可数名词。故填survival。 【52题详解】 考查固定句型。句意：说到餐桌礼仪，中国人通常围坐在餐桌旁，一起分享菜肴。此处为固定句型When it comes to意为“当提及……”符合句意，所以此处使用介词to。故填to。 【53题详解】 考查冠词。句意：相比之下，美国人更喜欢拥有自己的份额。share意为“一份”为可数名词单数，空前无限定词，所以此处使用冠词，结合句意，指的是“美国人更喜欢拥有自己的那一份”表示泛指意义，且share的发音以辅音音素开头，所以用a。故填a。 【54题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：中国人用筷子夹菜，而美国人则倾向于用刀切食物，或者用右手拿叉子把食物送到嘴里。此处为非谓语动词作后置定语，forks与hold之间为被动关系，所以此处使用过去分词的形式。故填held。 【55题详解】 考查比较级。句意：然而，如果你在美国使用刀叉，你的吸引力就会降低，因为大多数美国人不像中国人那样习惯使用筷子。根据常识以及下文的“by using a fork and knife in the USA”可知，美国人使用刀叉吃饭，所以在美国使用刀叉的话，吸引力应该是相对降低，所以此处使用little的比较级形式less。故填less。 第三节 课本词汇短语填空(共15题，满分15分) 一、单句填空(共10题，每题1分，满分10分) 根据提示，用Book 2 Unit 2至Unit 3范围单词的正确形式填空。 56. The expression on his face ________ (证实) my suspicions. (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 【答案】confirmed 【解析】 【详解】考查动词。句意：他脸上的表情证实了我的怀疑。根据语境可知，该动作已经发生，所以用一般过去时。“证实”英文为confirm，其过去式是confirmed。故填confirmed。 57. He’s universally recognized as an ________ (权威) on Russian affairs. (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 【答案】authority 【解析】 【详解】考查名词。句意：他被普遍认为是俄罗斯事务方面的一位权威人士。根据空前的不定冠词an和汉语提示“权威”可知，空处应填单数名词authority，“an authority”表示“一位权威人士”，符合语境和语法规则。故填authority。 58. The laws have led to a ________ (缩减) in fuel consumption in the country. (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 【答案】reduction 【解析】 【详解】考查名词。句意：这些法律导致了该国燃料消耗的缩减。根据单词汉语提示及空前的不定冠词The laws have led to a可知应填可数名词单数reduction，作宾语，意为“缩减；减少”，a reduction in...表示“在……方面的缩减”。故填reduction。 59. ________ (embarrass), Polly dropped her head and left the meeting room. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】Embarrassed 【解析】 【详解】考查形容词作状语。句意：波利尴尬地低下头，离开了会议室。此处应用形容词作伴随状语，描述波利离开会议室时的状态，embarrassed为形容词，意为“尴尬的；窘迫的”，置于句首，首字母大写。故填Embarrassed。 60. For better ________ (observe) of wild birds, you need binoculars of high quality. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】observation 【解析】 【详解】考查名词。句意：为了更好地观察野生鸟类，你需要高质量的双筒望远镜。“better”是形容词比较级，介词for后接名词，“observation”是“observe”的名词形式，意为“观察”，“For better observation of...”表示“为了更好地观察……”。故填observation。 61. The remote desert area is ________ (access) only by helicopter. （所给词的适当形式填空） 【答案】accessible 【解析】 【详解】考查形容词。句意：那遥远的沙漠地区只有乘直升机才能到达。分析句子可知，空处应使用形容词accessible，意为“可到达的，可进入的”在句中作表语。故填accessible。 62. There is no general agreement on a standard ________ (define) of intelligence. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】definition 【解析】 【详解】考查名词。句意：对于智力的标准定义，没有普遍一致的意见。“agreement on...”表示“在……方面的一致意见”，“a standard definition of...”表示“……的标准定义”，“definition”是“define”的名词形式，作宾语。故填definition。 63. She decided to raised the a________ (a loud noise or a signal that warns people of danger or a problem) when she saw the fire in the apartment. (根据首字母提示单词拼写) 【答案】alarm##larm 【解析】 【详解】考查名词。句意：当她看到公寓里起火时，她决定发出警报。空白处在句子中作宾语使用名词，根据括号内解释“a loud noise or a signal that warns people of danger or a problem(一种警告人们危险或问题的大声噪音或信号)”以及下文“when she saw the fire in the apartment(当她看到公寓里起火时)”可知此处说的是起火的时候的警告信号，可推理出空白处应填表示“警报”含义的表达。根据首字母提示，以a开头且表示“警报”含义的名词为alarm。故填alarm。 64. The novel is written in p________ (simple, clear or obvious) English so that it is not hard to comprehend. (根据首字母提示单词拼写) 【答案】plain##lain 【解析】 【详解】考查形容词。句意：这部小说是用简单易懂的英语写成的，所以不难理解。英文提示simple, clear or obvious意为“简单、清晰或明显的”，结合首字母提示可知，空处应用形容词plain，plain English表示“简单易懂的英语”。故填plain。 65. Being exposed to a foreign culture is b________ (having a helpful or useful effect) for us to learn the local language.(根据首字母提示单词拼写) 【答案】beneficial 【解析】 【详解】考查形容词。句意：接触外国文化对我们学习当地语言是有益的。根据首字母提示和括号内解释“having a helpful or useful effect(有帮助的或有用的效果)”可知，此处用形容词beneficial作表语构成固定短语be beneficial for表示“对……有益”。故填beneficial。 二、完成句子(共10空;每空0.5分，满分5分) 66. 你必须承认，大多数时候球队在压力下表现得更好。 You have to admit that most of the time the team performs better ________ ________. 【答案】 ①. under ②. pressure 【解析】 【详解】考查固定短语。根据句意，此处表示“在压力下”为固定短语under pressure，在句中作状语。故填①under②pressure。 67. 这部新电影是根据简·奥斯汀的一部小说改编的。 This new film is ________ ________ a novel by Jane Austen. 【答案】 ①. based ②. on 【解析】 【详解】考查固定短语。根据汉语提示可知，此处需要表达“根据…… 改编”的含义，“be based on”为固定短语，意为“以……为基础；根据……改编”，句中已有助动词 is，所以空白处应填based on，故填 based on。 68. 既然天气好转了，这个周末我们就可以去公园野餐了。 ________ ________ the weather has improved, we can go for a picnic in the park this weekend. 【答案】 ①. Now ②. that 【解析】 【详解】考查固定短语。“the weather has improved”是“we can go for a picnic in the park this weekend”的原因，故空处可用固定短语now that，意思是“既然；由于”，引导原因状语从句，符合句子的逻辑关系。句首单词首字母大写，故填Now that。 69. 加拿大的一项研究对儿童的智商分数进行了长达9个月的跟踪调查。 One study in Canada ________ ________ ________ ________ children’s IQ scores for nine months. 【答案】 ①. kept ②. a ③. record ④. of 【解析】 【详解】考查固定短语和时态。英汉句子对比可知，空处应填“对……进行了跟踪调查”，可用固定短语keep a record of，意思是“记录；跟踪记录”，句子描述的是过去发生的事情，要用一般过去时。故填①kept；②a；③record；④of。 第四节 课文填空(共5题，每题2分，满分10分) 课文填空 Much has been written about the wonders of the World Wide Web. There are ____70____ telling us how the Internet has made our lives more convenient. We no longer have to wait in line or ____71____ around when we go shopping. We can get the most updated information from ____72____. We can download software, documents, and images ____73____ we need them. But the Internet has done much more for people than simply make life more convenient. People’s lives have been changed by online communities and ____74____.At the moment, the milu deer are still living in ____75____ where they are being protected and cared for. As a result, their population is now recovering fast. Soon a new chapter will ____76____ the strange tale of these special animals. The deer are being trained to survive outside the park so that they can one day all____77____. The rescue of the milu deer is already ____78____. Now it is up to us to make sure that the deer live happily ever after. 【答案】70. countless articles 71. carry cash 72. large databases 73. whenever 74. social networks 75. reserves 76. be added to 77. return to the wild 78. a success story 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。本文介绍了互联网如何使生活更加便利，并讲述了麋鹿在保护区的生存状况及其未来的保护计划。 【70题详解】 考查短语。句意：有无数的文章告诉我们互联网如何使我们的生活更方便。根据上文“Much has been written about the wonders of the World Wide Web.(关于万维网的奇迹已经写了很多。)”可知，此处指“无数的文章”告诉我们。故填countless articles。 【71题详解】 考查短语。句意：当我们去购物时，我们不再需要排队或随身携带现金。根据上文“the Internet has made our lives more convenient(互联网使我们的生活更加方便)”和下文“when we go shopping(当我们去购物时)”可知，互联网带给了我们生活很大便利，所以此处是指购物时不需要“携带现金”；再根据上文的have to可知，此处应该用动词原形形式。故填carry cash。 【72题详解】 考查短语。句意：我们可以从大型数据库中获得最新的信息。结合文章内容再根据上文“We can get the most updated information(我们可以得到最新的信息)”可知，此处是指从“大型数据库”获得消息。故填large databases。 73题详解】 考查连词。句意：我们可以随时下载需要的软件、文档和图像。分析句意可知，此处是指“无论何时”有需要时。故填whenever。 【74题详解】 考查短语。句意：在线社区和社交网络改变了人们的生活。根据上文的online communities可知，此处是指“社交网络”。故填social networks。 【75题详解】 考查名词。句意：目前，麋鹿仍然生活在保护区，在那里它们受到保护和照顾。根据下文“they are being protected and cared for(它们受到保护和照顾)”可知，此处是指麋鹿生活在“保护区”；再根据上文的be动词are可知，麋鹿不止有一只，所以保护区也应该不止一个，应该用名词复数形式。故填reserves。 【76题详解】 考查短语。句意：不久，这些特殊动物的奇异故事将会有新的篇章。分析句意可知，此处主语是物，所以新的篇章应该是“被添加到”故事中，再根据空格前的will可知，应该用一般将来时的被动语态。故填be added to。 【77题详解】 考查短语。句意：这些鹿正在接受训练，以便在公园外生存，以便有一天它们都能回到野外。根据上文“The deer are being trained to survive outside the park(这些鹿正在接受训练，以便在公园外生存)”可知，此处是指“回到野外”；再根据上文的情态动词can可知，此处应该用动词原形。故填return to the wild。 【78题详解】 考查短语。句意：对麋鹿的拯救已经是一个成功的故事。根据上文第8题的分析可知，对麋鹿的拯救是成功的，所以此处是指“一个成功的故事”故填a success story。 第五部分 写作(满分15分) 79. 随着寒假的临近，学生们将有更多的接触网络的时间。假如你是学生会主席David，请你围绕“文明上网”的话题，向全校学生写一封倡议书，内容包括： 1.倡议的背景； 2.倡议的内容； 3.发出呼吁。 注意事项：1. 词数100左右；2. 适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。 Dear fellow students, _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Students Union 【答案】Dear fellow students, With the winter holiday drawing near, we will have more time to access the Internet. In order to create a civilized online environment, I appeal to all of us to do our part to achieve this goal. Firstly, we should follow the rules and regulations of online platforms, focus on using the Internet for good purposes instead of browsing harmful websites or sharing false information. Additionally, it’s also essential to respect others’ privacy and not engage in cyberbullying. More importantly, be aware of the impact of our online behaviors on others and society as a whole. I hope everyone will follow these guidelines and help create a positive online environment. Together, we can make a difference. Students Union 【解析】 【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文，要求考生围绕“文明上网”的话题给全校学生写一封倡议书。 【详解】1.词汇积累 临近：draw near→approach 接触；使用：access→have access to 呼吁：appeal to→call on 重要的： essential→crucial 2.句式拓展 简单句变复合句 原句：Additionally, it’s also essential to respect others’ privacy and not engage in cyberbullying. 拓展句：Additionally, it’s also essential that we should respect others’ privacy and not engage in cyberbullying. 【点睛】【高分句型1】With the winter holiday drawing near, we will have more time to access the Internet.(使用了with复合结构) 【高分句型2】Additionally, it’s also essential to respect others’ privacy and not engage in cyberbullying.(使用了it作形式主语，不定式作真正主语的结构) 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$