Unit 4 Body Language 单元同话题真题训练-【万向思维·高考快递】2024-2025学年高中练习生英语选择性必修第一册（人教版2019）

高考快递·练习生 高中英语·选择性必修第一册·RJ 高考专题大建构 ●答案见D26 1.阅读理解 主题语境 人与社会二农业发展 human speech,the 水平对语音发展的影响 语篇类型 说明文词数337关键词 development of agriculture [2022新高考I卷]Human speech contains more than2,O00 different sounds,.from the common“m” and "a"to the rare clicks of some southern African languages.But why are certain sounds more common than others?A ground-breaking,five-year study shows that diet-related changes in human bite led to new speech sounds that are now found in half the world's languages. More than 30 years ago,the scholar Charles Hockett noted that speech sounds called labiodentals, such as"f"and "v",were more common in the languages of societies that ate softer foods.Now a team of researchers led by Damian Blasi at the University of Zurich,Switzerland,has found how and why this trend arose. They discovered that the upper and lower front teeth of ancient human adults were aligned () making it hard to produce labiodentals,which are formed by touching the lower lip to the upper teeth. Later,our jaws changed to an overbite structure ()making it easier to produce such sounds. The team showed that this change in bite was connected with the development of agriculture in the Neolithic period.Food became easier to chew at this point.The jawbone didn't have to do as much work and so didn't grow to be so large. Analyses of a language database also confirmed that there was a global change in the sound of world languages after the Neolithic age,with the use of"f"and""increasing remarkably during the last few thousand years.These sounds are still not found in the languages of many hunter-gatherer people today. This research overturns the popular view that all human speech sounds were present when human beings evolved around 300,000 years ago."The set of speech sounds we use has not necessarily remained stable since the appearance of human beings,but rather the huge variety of speech sounds that we find today is the product of a complex interplay of things like biological change and cultural evolution,"said Steven Moran,a member of the research team. 1.Which aspect of the human speech sound does Damian Blasi's research focus on? A.Its variety. B.Its distribution. C.Its quantity. D.Its development. 2.Why was it difficult for ancient human adults to produce labiodentals? A.They had fewer upper teeth than lower teeth. B.They could not open and close their lips easily. C.Their jaws were not conveniently structured. D.Their lower front teeth were not large enough. 11721N UNIT 4 BODY LANGUAGE 3.What is paragraph 5 mainly about? A.Supporting evidence for the research results. B.Potential application of the research findings. C.A further explanation of the research methods. D.A reasonable doubt about the research process. 4.What does Steven Moran say about the set of human speech sounds? A.It is key to effective communication. B.It contributes much to cultural diversity. C.It is a complex and dynamic system. D.It drives the evolution of human beings. ‖.七选五 主题语境 人与自我公众“语篇类型说明文词数3川关键词 演讲的原则 public speaking,principles [2020新高考I卷]Some individuals are born with a gift for public speaking.1. Do you want to be a good public speaker?Here are some principles you must master. People want to listen to someone who is interesting,relaxed and comfortable.Too often,when you stand up to give a speech,you focus on the“public”at the expense of the“speaking.”2. Focus on the speaking.Talk directly to your audience,be yourself and make a connection. Even the most successful public speaker will make mistakes.Yet,the only one who cares about any mistake is the one who is speaking.People's attention wanders constantly.In fact,most people only absorb about 20 percent of a speaker's message.So,don't stop speaking when you make a mistake unless it's a truly serious one.3. Your goal is not to be a perfect public speaker.4.And like everything else in life,that takes practice.Remember,even world champion athletes practice their skills on a consistent basis. 5. It's rare to hear someone say,"I wish that speaker had spoken longer."On the other hand,you probably can't count the times that you've thought,"I'm glad that talk is over.It seemed to go on forever!"So surprise your audience.Always make your presentation just a bit shorter than anticipated. It's better to leave your listeners wishing for more than shifting restlessly in their seats waiting for your speech finally to end. A.Do the opposite. B.You want to be an effective public speaker. C.You don't need to apologize for a minor slip. D.When it comes to public speaking,less is usually more. E.The objective of most speeches is to benefit the audience. F.Take the fear out of public speaking by focusing on your listeners. G.However,the majority of people are effective speakers because they train to be. 1173111111高考快递·练习生 高中英语·选择性必修第一册·RJ & 词汇积累 语隔导读)》文章介绍了肢体语言在不同文化中存在的差异， 名词：posture n.姿势boredom.厌烦；无聊 并就如何找出肢体语言的规则给出了建议。 动词：register o.留下印象：登记reinforce.强化 5.C考查细节理解。根据第二段中的“Like language,he 短语：grl…across使…被理解at ease不拘束；舒适 way we communicate non-verbally varies across cultures." 知，非语言交流，即肢体语言，因文化而异。故选C。 写作任务大突破 6.B考查推理判断。根据文章最后一句“S0 I think,yes, you do need to get these correct and you need to have good 。写作指导 observation skills.”可推知，要学习肢体语言，你应该具备 本篇书面表达属于说明文，要求介绍肢体语言。在说明 观察技巧，观察别人做了什么。故选B。 文写作过程中应注意，介绍事物或解说事理要揭示其基本特 7.D考查词义猜测。根据最后一段中画线部分前的“one of 征，要客观如实地对被措写的事物加以介绍、说明和解释，并 many different ways of"f和下文“Eye contact,.tone of voice,. 用简洁的语言让读者明白文章说明的事物，现象或道理。考 how close you stand,any touching,how many times you kiss, 生在写作中还需注意以下几点： a long handshake,a short handshake."可知.下文提到的各 L人称：以第三人称为主： 项是对画线部分的举例。由此推知，画线部分的意思是 2.时态：一般现在时： “交流(communication）”。故选D。 3.结构：分两部分一第一部分简要介绍肢体语言及其 Ⅱ.语简导读)》文章主要介绍了四种利用肢体语言来帮助交 重要性，第二部分介绍几种常见的肢体语言及其表达的含 流的方式。 义，并指出肢体语言的实用价值。 1.D由上一句“Paying closer attention to the messages you 。参考范文 send through body language can help you succeed.”以及下文 Communication methods include not only spoken language 列举的儿个利用肢体语言进行有效交流的方法可知，D项 but also body language,such as eye-contact,touch and hand 承上启下，符合语境。故选D。 gestures people use to communicate with each other. 2.F由上文“People will associate bad posture with weak Body language is widely used in our daily life.People shake confidence or boredom.”可知，不好的姿势会向他人传递不 hands to greet each other when meeting.Some people use smiles 好的信息。下文“To have good posture,your head should be to show friendliness,hugs to express their love and frowns to up and your back should be straight..”介绍了良好的姿势是 show their sadness.Therefore,body language plays a very 什么样的。由此可以推断，空处仍在说明不好的姿势会造 important role in daily communication.Body language is also very 成负面的影响。因此，F项符合语境。故选F。 convenient.which enables people to express their feelings 3.G由本段的主旨句“Miror another person.”和空处上一 through simple gestures. "Mirroring is when one partner copies the posture of the 佳句背诵 other partner."可知，木段介绍的是模仿他人的姿势。由关 1.Communication methods include not only spoken language 键词copies可查找到G项中的copying。分析句意可知，G but also body language,such as eye-contact,touch and 项承接上文，符合语境，其中的“copying the actions of the hand gestures people use to communicate with each other. other person”与上文中的“copies the posture of the other 交流方法不仅包括口语，还包括肢体语言，例如眼神交 partner”相呼应。故选G。 流、触摸和人们用来相互交流的手势。 4.B下文“If you want to ensure you're not misunderstood, 2.Some people use smiles to show friendliness,hugs to repeat helpful gestures when you speak the idea aloud."i说明， express their love and frowns to show their sadness.有些人 要利用有帮助的手势来让自己不被误解，也就是更好地让 用微笑来表示友好，用桐抱来表达他们的爱，用城眉来 别人理解自己，因此，B项中的“better get your message 表达他们的悲伤。 across'”与上文话题相符。故选B。 5.C空处是段落首句，应概括本段内容。根据后文内容可 高考专题大建构 知，本段建议在交流中避免一些会显示自己紧张或没有安 【,语篇导读)本文指出，人类语音的发展与农业的发展水 全感的手势。故选C。 平有关，固为农业的发限会带来饮食结构的变化，箍而影 D26英语 参考答案及超详思路 响人类牙齿的咬合。 目.语篇导读·本文主要介绍了成为一名好的公众演讲者需 1.D考查推理判断。根据第二段中的“Now a team of 要注意的一些原则：演讲时要专注于演讲本身、不要害怕 researchers led by Damian Blasi at the University of Zurich, 失误、勤加练习及演讲时间不要过长。 Switzerland,has found how and why this trend arose..”可知， 1.G第一句“Some individuals are born with a gift for publie Damian Blas的研究与this trend有关。结合上文内容可 speaking..”讲的是一些个体生来就有公众演讲的天赋，由 知，this trend指的是“…speech sounds called labiodentals, 此推测，接下来应该介绍大多数人的情况。因此，G项符 such as 'f'and 'v',were more common in the languages of 合语境，且引出下文对演讲的原则的介绍。故选G。 societies that ate softer foods.”由此可以推知.Damian Blasi 2.A根据空处前一句“you focus on the‘public'ahe 的研究与人类语音的发展有关。故选D。 2.C考查细节理解。根据第三段第一句可知，远古时期成 expense of the·speaking.”和空后一句“Focus on the 年人的上门牙和下门牙是对齐的，而唇齿音是通过下唇接 speaking.”可知，这两句讲述的是相反的情况。因此，空处 触上牙面发出的，因此他们难以发出唇齿音。由此可知， 应表转折。A项中的pposite是关键词，表示“相反的”。 远古时期成年人很难发出唇齿音是因为他们的颜骨构造 故选A。 不方便。故选C。 3.C空处前一句“So,don't stop speaking when you make a 3.A考查主旨大意。上文提到人类语音及牙齿咬合的变化 mistake unless it's a truly serious one."提到，除非犯了严重 与新石器时代农业发展水平有关。根据第五段内容可知. 的错误，否则不要停止演讲。综合选项可知，C项承接上 对语言数据库的分析也证实了新石器时代之后，世界语言 文，其中的“a minor slip”与上文中的“a truly serious one"相 的语音发生了全球性的变化。因此第五段是进一步证实 呼应并形成对比。故选C 上文提到的研究结果一这种咬合的变化与新石器时代 4.B根据空处前一句“Your goal is not to be a perfect publie 农业的发展水平有关。故选A。 speaker.”可知，空处应说明你的目标是什么。因此，B项 4.C考查推理判断。根据最后一段中的“.but rather the 符合该处语境，且“an effective public speaker'”与上文中的 huge variety of speech sounds that we find today is the product “a perfect publie speaker”相呼应。故选B。 of a complex interplay of things like biological change and cultural evolution..”可知，Steven Moran认为，人类的语音 ⊙技巧点拨理清句际间的关系 是生物进化和文化演变等各方面相互作用的结果，即人类 文章的内客是由各段的大意有机组合而成的，各 的语音是一个复杂的动态系统。故选C。 句之间都有一定的关系。从逻辑意义上来看，语段的 词汇积累 句际关系可分为并列、顺序、地进、转折、总分、解释 名词：ickn(尤见于非洲南部某些语言的)吸气音 因果等关系。如本题中，空处和前句属于递进关系。 labiodental n.唇齿音society n.社会（共同遵守一定的 5.D根据设空位置可知，空处应该是本段的主旨句。再根 习俗，法律等的特定群体)endn.趋势sem一套， 据后文中的关键信息“Always make your presentation just& 一组product n.产物 bit shorter than anticipated..”可知，本段讲的是应该控制演 动词：oe书.指出：特别提到ase私出现：产生 讲的时长。因此，D项符合本段段意。故选D。 confirm,(尤指提供证据来)证实 形容词：certaina.某种present a存在 词汇积累 dynamie adj. 动态的：发展变化的 名词：individualn.个人；与众不同的人principle n.原则： 短语：lead to导致speech sound语音be conected with, 法则：道德原则：行为准则：规范 与…有关cultural diversity文化多样性 动词：wander私走神；漫游：游荡；闲逛：徘徊 长难句分析 副词：constantly ad.始终：一直：重复不断地 They discovered that the upper and lower front teeth of 短语：be bom with天生具有focus on关注，聚焦于 主语 谓语 宾语从句 at the expense of..以牺牲…为代价：以牺牲…的利 ancient human adults were aligned(对齐)，(making it 益为代价 hard to produce labiodentals),which are fommed by touching 现在分词短语作结果状语 非限制性定语从句 单元重组大练习 the lower lip to the upper teeth)]. 句意：他们发现，远古成年人的上门牙和下门牙是对齐的， 使得（他们）难以发出唇齿音，（因为）唇齿音是通过下 A 唇接触上牙形成的。 语隔导读。徐语言交流外，肢体语言在面对面的交流中也很 重要。在如今的信息社会中，随着我们交流方式的改变， 英语D27