Unit 1 People of Achievement 主题阅读训练-【万向思维·高考快递】2024-2025学年高中练习生英语选择性必修第一册（人教版2019）

UNIT 1 PEOPLE OF ACHIEVEMENT Part A Reading and Thinking Learning About Language 1/1111111 UNIT 1 PEOPLE OF ACHIEVEMENT 主题语境大拓展 ●答案见DI 「.阅读理解 子主题1 遗传学科学家 语篇类型记叙文 词数 332 关键词 Barbara MeClintock, genetics,the Nobel Prize [2021一2022广东省北师大珠海分校附属外国语学校高二上月考（政编）]Barbara MeClintock was one of the most important scientists of the twentieth century.She made important discoveries about genes and chromosomes(染色体). Barbara MeClintock was born in 1902 in Hartford,Connecticut.Her family moved to the Brooklyn area of New York City in 1908.Barbara was an active child with interests in sports and music.She also developed an interest in science. She studied science at Comnell University in Ithaca,New York.Barbara was among a small number of undergraduate students to receive training in genetics in 1921.Years later,she noted that few college students wanted to study genetics. Barbara MeClintock decided to study botany(拉物学)，the scientifie study of plants,at Cornel University.She completed her undergraduate studies in 1923.MeClintock decided to continue her education at Cornell.She completed a master's degree in 1925.Two years later,she finished all her requirements for a doctorate. MeClintock stayed at Cornell after she completed her education.She taught students botany.The 1930s was not a good time to be a young scientist in the United States.The country was in the middle of the Great Depression.Millions of Americans were unemployed.Male scientists were offered jobs.But female geneticists were not much in demand. An old friend from Comell,Marcus Morton Rhoades,invited MeClintock to spend the summer of 1941 working at the Cold Spring Harbour Laboratory.It was a research centre on Long Island,near New York City.McClintock started in a temporary (job with the genetics department.A short time later,she accepted a permanent (position in the laboratory.This gave her the freedom to continue her research without having to teach or repeatedly ask for financial aid. By the 1970s,her discoveries had had an effect on everything from genetic engineering to cancer research.MeClintock won the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine in 1983 for her discovery of the ability of genes to change positions on chromosomes.She was the first American woman to win an unshared Nobel Prize. 113111110 W 高考快递·练习生高中英语·选择性必修第一册·RJ 1.When did MeClintock get a doctorate degree? A.ln1921. B.In1923. C.1n1925. D.In1927 2.What happened in the middle of the Great Depression in the US? A.Male scientists in genetics were in great demand. B.Female scientists in genetics were not in demand at all. C.Young scientists might have trouble finding a job. D.Male scientists lost their jobs and were out of work. 3.Which of the following jobs was the most beneficial one to McClintock's research? A.A job to research cancer. B.A job as a botany teacher. C.A permanent position in the laboratory. D.A temporary job in the genetics department. 4.Why was MeClintock awarded the Nobel Prize? A.She received a degree in genes and chromosomes. B.She contributed to genetic engineering and cancer research. C.She made an important discovery about genes and chromosomes. D.She was the first American woman who studied genes and chromosomes. ‖.完形填空 子主题2 作家 语篇类型 记叙文 词数 204 关键词 S.E.Hinton,author [2021一2022湖南省邵东市第一中学高一下期未]S.E.Hinton's career as an author began when she was still a high school student.1 by the fights of the two gangs (in her high school,Hinton wrote The Outsiders,an honest,sometimes shocking novel told from the point of 2 of a fourteen- year-old boy. The Outsiders was 3 during Hinton's first year at the University of Tulsa,and was an immediate 4.Today,with more than fourteen million 5 in print,the book is one of the best-selling young adult novels of all time.The book was also made into a film in 1983. The Outsiders brought her publicity and 6.S.E.Hinton became known as "The Voice of the 14 UNIT 1 PEOPLE OF ACHIEVEMENT///// Youth".This 7 success also brought a lot of pressure,8 a three-year-long writer's block.Her boyfriend now husband)9 helped break this block by suggesting she write two pages a day before going 10.This finally led to her the second 11 That Was Then,This Is Now. In 1988,she was awarded the first annual Margaret A.Edwards Award,given in 12 of "an author whose book or books,over a period of time,have been accepted by 13 adults as an authentic voice that 14 to light up their experiences and emotions,15 inspiration to their lives". 1.A.Delighted B.Inspired C.Moved D.Defeated 2.A.view B.sight C.dream D.fear 3.A.designed B.started C.published D.rejected 4.A.hit B.loss C.aim D.beat 5.A.lines B.pages C.words D.copies 6.A.shame B.fame C.failure D.challenge 7.A.longstanding B.impossible C.overnight D.imaginary 8.A.resulting in B.suffering from C.giving up D.preparing for 9.A.suddenly B.usually C.originally D.eventually 10.A.anyhow B.somehow C.nowhere D.anywhere 11.A.fight B.novel C.film D.block 12.A.regret B.mercy C.honour D.favour 13.A.wise B.silly C.aged D.young 14.A.pretends B.continues C.interrupts D.hesitates 15.A.bringing B.breaking C.witnessing D.overlooking 115111110 高考快递·练习生 高中英语·选择性必修第一册·RJ Part B Using Language Assessing Your Progress Project Video Time 1 6 高考快递·练习生 高中英语·选择性必修第一册·RJ 主题语境大拓展 ●答案见D3 1.阅读理解 子主题1 女航天员 语篇类型 记叙文词数245 关键词 Wang Yaping,training,astronaut [2021-2022河南省新乡市高一下期末（改编）]From2019to2021,Wang Yaping experienced over 6,000 hours of strict training.The most exhausting exercise was the seven-hour underwater training session during which she had to wear a special suit that weighed over 100 kilograms to simulate ( activities in space outside a spacecraft in a weightless environment. Wang's dream of becoming an astronaut was inspired by Yang Liwei's 2003 space flight,which was China's first manned space mission."Now China has its first man in space,when will our country have its first woman?"thought Wang,who was then working as a fighter pilot in China's air force. In May 2010,Wang became a member of China's first group of female astronauts.The joy of being selected did not last long as the cruel nature of the training quickly sank in.In the first year,Wang couldn't get the top level in the high-G training,during which she had to tolerate eight times the force of gravity in a spinning centrifuge ()The training simulates the environment when the spacecraft takes off,enters orbit and returns.Blood can't flow to the brain properly,causing a temporary lack of oxygen and even blindness.Astronauts must operate the spacecraft while facing that. Wang improved her performance by doing extra core-strength exercises every day to strengthen her back and abdominal (muscles.She got the top level finally at the end of 2011.Wang realized her space dream a year later as part of the Shenzhou-10 mission. Wang Yaping has become the first female astronaut to work in China's Tiangong space station as well as the first Chinese woman to perform a spacewalk. 118N UNIT 1 PEOPLE OF ACHIEVEMENT 1.Why does Wang need to wear a heavy suit during training? A.To stand the pressure under the water. B.To protect herself from harm in outer space. C.To put on her weight in the weightless situation. D.To practise some activities in zero gravity outside the spacecraft. 2.What can we infer from paragraph 2? A.China's first space task was launched in 2003. B.Wang has served as a fighter pilot in China's air force. C.Wang was eager to become the first woman astronaut in China. D.Yang Liwei sets a good example for other Chinese astronauts. 3.What does the underlined word "that"in paragraph 3 refer to? A.Weight loss. B.Extreme physical pain. C.The cruelty of training. D.Mental stress. 4.What is the best title for the text? A.The Future of China's Manned Space Mission B.China's Achievements in Space Exploration C.The Life of the First Chinese Female Astronaut D.The Process of Wang Yaping's Training as an Astronaut ‖.七选五 子主题2 美国诗人 语篇类型 记叙文 词数 270 关键词 Louise Gluick,poetry, the Nobel Prize in literature [2021一2022江苏省扬州市邗江中学高一下期末] American Poet Louise Gluick Won the 2020 Nobel Prize in Literature Louise Gluick was born in New York City on April 22,1943,and grew up on Long Island,where she began to write poetry as a child.After she left high school,she took poetry workshops,first at Sarah Lawrence College in Yonkers,New York,and then at Columbia University.1. Currently, Gluck is a professor of English at Yale University. Gluick is one of the few women honoured with the literature prize.2. Only 16 women have won the literature prize since the Nobel awards began in 1901. The work that first brought Gluick wide attention was a collection of poems called Firstborn. 3. From then on,she soon became recognized as one of the most outstanding poets in American contemporary literature. 4. Her poetry collections include Descending Figure,Ararat,and The Triumph of Achilles, which was published in 1985 and won the National Book Critics Circle Award.Gluck was also awarded an 1191/1110 高考快递·练习生 高中英语·选择性必修第一册·RJ American Pulitzer Prize for poetry and was named Poet Laureate(挂冠诗人)of the United States in2003. Gluick's works are known for exploring personal loss and tragedy,especially in family life. 5. Gluick was elected Chancellor of the Academy of American Poets in 1999.She served as a judge of the Yale Series of Younger Poets from 2003 to 2010. A.She came from a teacher's family. B.Gluck published a collection of essays while teaching. C.Gluick achieved great success in terms of poem creation. D.She is the fourth woman to receive the award since 2010. E.In 1971,she began to teach poetry at Goddard College in Vermont. F.The collection of poems was published in 1968. G.She also draws on her own experiences as well as subjects related to modern life and nature. 川.语法填空 子主题3 鼓励患弧独症的儿子 语篇类型记叙文 词数 234 关键词 autism,swimming [2021一2022湖北省新高考联考协作体高一下期未]Chen Xingrong was diagnosed with autism（孤独 when he was a baby.His father,Chen Xunhu,quit his job 1. immediate)and devoted his full attention to the topic of autism.In 2012,Chen Xunhu learned that swimming could help autistic people in several aspects.He spent months 2. (teach)his son and discovered that his son had gradually developed the ability to control his breath underwater,3. significantly boosted his confidence. 4. (fix)from the ceiling,two hand rings and a swing are used to help Chen Xingrong 5. strength)his muscles.On one wall of their home hangs a table for Chen Xingrong's routine workout."I used to make all plans for him,but now it is all up 6.him.He decides how many 7. (exercise)he wants to do,and it's a process of self-management,"said Chen Xunhu. In spite of all the hardships in life,Chen Xingrong managed to become 8. outstanding swimmer.In 2021,he won five medals,including a gold,at the 1Ith National Games for Persons with Disabilities and the 8th National Special Olympic Games. Learning basic life skills,as well as swimming,9. (be)also an important part of life for a teenager with autism.Chen Xunhu wants the public to know more about autistic people so as to reduce misunderstanding.He organized about 500 people to watch the autism-themed film,titled Ocean Heaven, which describes 10. a father attempts to teach his son the necessary life skills to live without him. 1110参考答案及超详思路 故选D。 UNIT PEOPLE OF ACHIEVEMENT 2.C考查推理判断。根据第五段中“The1930:was not a good time to be a young scientist in the United States.The Part A Reading and Thinking Learning country was in the middle of the Great Depression.Millions of About Language Americans were unemployed.”可推知，年轻的科学家在当时 找工作有困难。故选C。 3.C考查推理判断。由倒数第二段最后两句“A short time ater,she accepted a permanent(终身的)position in the laboratory.This gave her the freedom to continue her research without having to teach or repeatedly ask for financial aid." 推知，在实验室的终身职务对MeClintock的研究提供了很 大的帮助。故选C。 4.C考查细节理解。由最后一段中“MeClintock won the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine in 1983 for her discovery of the ability of genes to change positions on chromosomes..”可知，MeClintock因在基因与染色体方面的 发现获得诺贝尔奖。故选C。 ⊙技巧点拨 妇节理解题一般需要考生通过定位法和排稔法进 行解题。面对此类题型时，考生需要根据题干中的关键 信息在原文中找到对应部分，如第1题中的doctorate degree以及第4题中的the Nobel Prize:同时要分析选项 中的关钺词，通过排除千扰内容，快速找出正确答案。 长难句分析 An old friend from Comell ) Mareus Morton Rhoades, 主语的同位语 主语 invited MeClintock to spend the summer of 1941 working 谓语宾语 at the Cold Spring Harbour Laboratory). 宾语补足语 句意：来自康奈尔大学的一位老朋友Mareus Morton Rhoades邀请MeClintock于194l年的夏天在冷泉港实 验室工作。 之主题语境大拓展 W I.语篇导读》文章主要介绍了作家S.E.Hinton的写作经历 【.语隔导读》本文主要讲述了科学家Barbara MeClintock的 及其获得的成就。 经历，她是美国第一位独立获得诺贝尔奖的女性科学家。 1.B考查动词。根据下文“，，by the fights of the two gangs 1.D考查细节理解。由第四段最后两句“She completed a (帮派)in her high school."与"..wrote The Outsiders.." master's degree in 1925.Two years later,she finished all her 的逻辑关系可知，高中时两个帮派的争斗激发了Hinton写 requirements for a doctorate.”可知，MeClintock于1925s年 小说的灵感。delight“使高兴；使快乐”；inspire“激励；赋予 获得硕士学位，并于两年后，即1927年，获得博士学位。 灵感”；move“使感动：打动”：defeat“击败；挫败”。故选B。 英语YD1 高考快递·练习生高中英语·选择性必修第一册·RJ 2.A考查名词。“from the point of view of..”为固定短语， selling young adult novels of all time..”中young adult的提 意为“从…的角度看”。结合语境可知，这是一部从一个 示可知，Hinton的作品受到年轻人的喜爱。故选D。 14岁男孩的角度讲述的小说。故选A。 14.B考查动词。结合语境可知，Hito的作品深受年轻人 3.C考查动词。根据语境，尤其是下文中的in print可知， 喜爱，持续不斯地点亮他们的经历和情感。pr©tend“假 这部小说在Hinton读大一时就被出版了。design“设计： 装”；continue“持续；不断发生”；interrupt“打断”；hesitate 计划”；start“开始：着手”：publish“出版；发行”；reject'“拒 “犹豫”。故选B。 绝”。故选C。 15.A考查动词。根据下文“.inspiration to their lives.”可 4.A考查名词。根据下文“.the book is one of the best- 知，Hinton的作品给年轻人的生活带来灵感。bring“带 selling young adult novels of all time..”可推知，这本书一经 来”：break“破坏”：witness“目击”：overlook“俯瞰：远跳”。 出版就大受欢迎。hi“很受欢迎的人（或事物）”：oss“丧 故选A。 失：亏损”：aim“日标”：bea“节拍”。故选A。 词汇积累 5.D考查名词。根据fourteen million及in print可知，这里 名词：hitn很受欢迎的人（或事物）inspiration.灵感 指这本书的印刷数量超过14O0万册。lie“线：线条”： 动词：dei就.使高兴：使愉快：使快乐 pge“(书报刊等的)页：版“：word“词：字”：cop“(书报 形容词：authentic ac.真实的 纸等的)一本，一册”。故选D。 短语：in favour of赞成：支持 6.B考查名词。根据下文“S.E.Hinton became known as ‘The Voice of the Youth'.”可知，Hinton因这本书而出名， Part B Using Language Assessing 即这本书为她带来了名气。shame“羞耻；羞愧”：fame“名 Your Progress Project Video Time 誉：名气”：failure“失败”：challenge“挑战”。故选B。 7.C考查形容词。结合上文内容可知，Hinton在大一时便 出版了小说，随后获得了知名度。由此可知，她在短时间 内取得了很大的成功。longstanding“长期存在的”： impossible“不可能的”：overnight“突然的；很快的；一夜之 间的”：imaginary“虚构的”。故选C。 B.A考查动词短语。根据下文“a three-year-long writer's block“可知，这种成功也给Hinton带来许多压力，这导致 了她长达三年的创作瓶颈期。result in“导致；结果是”； suffer from“忍受；遭受"；give up“放弃”；prepare for “为…准各”。故选A。 9.D考查副词。根据下文“This finall山y led to her the second.” 可知，Hinton的男友（也就是现在的丈夫）最终帮助她突破 了创作瓶颈。suddenly“突然地：忽然”；usually“通常”； originally“起初”：eventually“最终；结果”。故选D。 10.D考查副词。结合语境可知，为了帮助Hinton突破创 作瓶颈，她的男友（也就是现在的丈夫）建议她每天在去 任何地方之前都写两页（小说）。anyhow“无论如何”： somehow“以某种方式（或方法）”；nowhere“哪里都不”； anywhere“任何地方”。故选D。 11.B考查名词。根据空后的书名“That Was Then,This Is Now”和前文内容可知，这是Hinton的第二部小说。故 选B。 12.C考查名词。根据inom获奖的语境可知，此处指该 奖项是为了致敬她对美国青少年文学的贡献。in honour o“为…向…表示敬意”，为固定短语。故选C。 13.D考查形容词。由第二段“.the book is one of the best-- D2e英语 参考答案及超详思路 the literature prize."及下文“Onl山yl6 women have won the literature prize since the Nobel awards began in I9Ol."可知， 空处所填内容也应与获奖有关，D选项承上启下，符合语 境。故选D。 3.F由上文“The work that first brought Gluck wide attention was a collection of poems called Firsthorn,"可知，空处应继 之主题语境大拓展WMM 续介绍这本诗集。F选项中的“The collection of poems'”呼 【.语篇导读》文章介绍了中国女航天员王亚平的艰苦调练 应上文的“a colleetion of poems”,下文中的hen呼应F选 过程。 项中的im1968。故选F。 1.D考查细节理解。根据第一段中“.she had to wear a 4.C空处位于段首，应总领下文。由本段内容可知.空后介 special suit that weighed over 100 kilograms to simulate 绍了Louise Gluick的诗集以及获奖情况。因此，C选项符 activities in space outside a spacecraft in a weightless 合语境，引出她在诗歌方面所取得的成就。故选C。 environment..”可知，王亚平在训练时穿专用服是为了模拟 ○技巧点拨 在太空舱外失重情况下的活动。故选D。 段首句的选择是七选五中常见的设题方式。段首 2.C考查推理判断。根据第二段中“Now China has its first 句往往是该段的中心句，因此面对这类题时，考生一定 man in space,when will our country have its first woman?"f 要认真总站段落大意。 以推斯，王亚平渴望成为中国第一位女航天员。故选C。 3.B考查代词指代。根据第三段中“Blood ean'1 flow to the 5.G上文“Glack's works are known for exploring personal loss brain pmoperly,eausing a temporary lack of oxygen and even and tragedy,especially in family life.”与Glaek的f作品的具 blindness.”可知，航天员在模拟训练中要经历身体上的痛 体内潮有关，结合选项可知，G选项也是关于作品内涵的 苦，因此hat指代“极端的身体上的痛苦“。故选B。 描述，符合语境。故选G。 4.D考查主旨大意。根据第一段开头“Fmm2019to2021. ■语篇导读)陈兴融幼时被诊断出患有孤独症，其父陈勋虎 Wang Yaping experienced over 6,000 hours of strict training." 为此辞去工作全身心照顾儿子。在了解到游泳对孤独症 以及下文的详细介绍可知，本文主要介绍的是航天员王亚 患者有帮助后，陈助虎开始教儿子游浓。结果，陈兴融在 平的艰苦训练过程。故选D。 游泳方面表现优异，并在比赛中获得多枚奖牌，他们的故 词汇积累 事也感动了许多人。 1.immediately考查副词。空处作状语，修饰动词quit,应 名词：mission m.飞行任务 动词：simulate,模拟tolerate,忍受strengthen其增强 用副词形式。故填immediately。 2.teaching考查固定短语。spend time(in)doing sth为固 reali?e轨实现 形容词：weightless a.失重的manned ad.载人的 定短语，意为“花费时间做某事”。故填teaching。 3.which考查定语从句。分析句子结构可知，空处引导非 短语：lack of缺少 限制性定语从句，修饰上文"his son had gradually developed 长难句分析 the ability to control his breath underwater”:从句缺少主语。 Wang's dream of becoming an astronaut was inspired by 空处应用关系代词which。故填which。 主语 定语 谓语 4.Fxd考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，句中已有 Yang Liwei's 2003 space flight),which was China's first 谓语“are used”,空处应用非谓语动词形式，作定语，修饰 宾语 hi小h引导的非限制性定语 主语“two hand rings and a swing”;f与逻辑主语构成动宾 manned space mission ) 关系，故用过去分词：且句首单词首字母要大写。故填 从句，修饰space flight Fixed 句意：王亚平成为一名航天员的梦想受到了杨利伟2003 5.(to)strengthen考查固定短语。help sb(to)dosh为 年太空飞行的鼓舞，那次飞行是中国的第一次载人航天 固定短语，意为“帮助某人做某事”。故填(to)strengthen。 飞行任务。 6.to考查固定短语。be up to sb为固定短语，意为“由某人 目.语篇导读》本文主要介绍的是获得2020年诺贝尔文学奖 决定”。故填to。 的美国诗人Louise Gluck的生平及取得的成就。 7,exercises考查名词的数。根据上文how many可知，空 1.E由第一段的内容可知，本段以时间顺序叙述1 ouise 处应用可数名i词的复数形式。exercise在此处为可数名 Gluck的生平。E选项承上启下，其中的“began to teach 词，指“一套动作，训练活动”。故填exercises。. poetry”与下文“a professor'"相呼应，符合语境。故选E。 8.an考查冠词。swimmer为可数名词，且此处表泛指，应用 2.D根据上文“Gliick is one of the few women honoured with 不定冠词：outstanding的发音以元音音素开头。故填an。 英语YD3 高考快递·练习生高中英语·选择性必修第一册·RJ 9.s考查时态和主谓一致。句子陈述客观事实，应用一般 现在时，且谓语前有“as well as..”,此处系动词应与较远 的“Learning basic life skills”保持主谓上的一致，故用单数 形式。故填is。 10.hoW考查宾语从句。分析句子结构可知，空处引导宾 语从句：分析句意可知，从句中缺少方式状语，空处应用 how。故填how。 D4英语