Unit 1 People of Achievement 单元小卷测试-【万向思维·高考快递】2024-2025学年高中练习生英语选择性必修第一册（人教版2019）

高考快递·练习生 高中英语·选择性必修第一册·RJ 单元重组大练习 ●答案见D6 单元主题语境：人与自我、人与社会一卓有成就的人物 单元大观念：多角度地认识、思考、探索卓有成就的人物获得成功的原因，思考人生的意义和 价值。 1.阅读理解 A 子主题1 癌症研究者 语篇类型记叙文 词数353关键词 Jane Cooke Wright,father, chemotherapy research [2021一2022辽宁省抚顺市六校协作体高一下期未]Jane Cooke Wright was bomn in New York City in 1919.Her father,Louis Tompkins Wright,had been one of the first African-Americans to graduate with flying colors from Harvard Medical School,and the first black doctor to work in a municipal New York hospital.By the time Jane was four,he had set up a nursing school at Harlem Hospital,admitting black students. Jane was educated at Fieldstone Upper School,and studied at Smith College in Northampton, Massachusetts.She went on to the New York Medical College in 1942,where she graduated before starting work at Bellevue Hospital in New York. In 1947-1948,very little was known about chemotherapy,the treatment of disease using chemicals. Louis Wright had just set up the Cancer Research Foundation at Harlem Hospital,and Jane joined him there in 1949.The pair began testing new chemicals on patients with leukaemia ()They studied people who suffered mustard gas (attacks during the Second World War.Louis Wright himself had suffered lung damage in such an attack.It was found that gas survivors had reduced white blood cell counts.In leukaemia,however,there is an increased level of bad white blood cells,and the Wrights thought some of the chemicals found in mustard gas might be used as effective treatments. When her father died in 1952,Jane became the foundation's director.Three years later,she became the director for cancer chemotherapy research at the New York University Medical Center.For the next 40 years,she kept doing chemotherapy research,testing medicines and developing new ways to deliver chemotherapy. At the start there was only one medicine,mechlorethamine,which had been shown to be effective. But Jane and her workmates studied a wide range of chemicals for their effect on cancerous cells,and their successes included mithramycin,used to treat brain tumours that could not be removed by 111111 1611 UNIT 1 PEOPLE OF ACHIEVEMENT////// operations（手术). In 1964,Wright was appointed to the President's Commission on Heart Disease,Cancer,and Stroke.She returned to New York Medical College in 1967 as the head of the cancer research laboratory. Her research and teaching work continued until her retirement in 1987. 1.Which of the following best describes Jane's father? A.He was a high achiever. B.He was interested in flying. C.He was a great family man. D.He was proud of being an African-American. 2.Why did Jane and her father study mustard gas? A.To see if it could lead to cancers. B.To see if the chemicals in it could help protect lungs. C.To see if certain chemicals in it could treat leukaemia. D.To see if it could result in the growth of white blood cells. 3.What happened to Jane after her father's death? A.She decided to move. B.She felt lost for a while. C.She changed her career direction. D.She continued with cancer research. 4.What is the importance of mithramycin? A.It is a great post-operative medicine. B.It can be used widely in operations. C.It increases the effectiveness of mechlorethamine. D.It works on brain tumours that can't be removed by operations. B 子主题2 物理学家语篇类型记叙文 词数 294 关键词 Richard Phillips Feynman, unusual qualities [2021一2022湖南省五市十校教研教改共同体高一下期未]Sometimes a person who thinks in an unusual way can look at the world from a different point of view.Such was Richard Phillips Feynman,a role model and change maker.Born in 1918,he began showing some unusual qualities. The first sign of Feynman's unique qualities was that he hadn't spoken by age three.But young 1117/1110 高考快递·练习生高中英语·选择性必修第一册·RJ Feynman showed a talent for math and engineering.He enjoyed repairing household objects,and built a simple laboratory in his room.By the time he was in high school,he had experimented with things which were only taught to college students. After Richard Feynman graduated from high school in 1935,he studied at MIT.Despite the fact that his grades in science and math were "the best that we've seen"according to Princeton,he was almost rejected due to his very poor grades in writing and his Jewish religion.Finally,he was accepted and continued to study physics at Princeton where he got his PhD.His lectures attracted many great scientists of the time,including Albert Einstein. At Princeton,Feynman began his most famous work:his work on nuclear weapons.He moved to a lab and not all of his work there has been released to the public,but we know he performed experiments related to uranium.After the war,Feynman taught at Cornell University,where he continued his studies. He was also awarded the Nobel Prize for his work in particle physics. Then,in 1987,Feynman developed cancer and died a year later.Though Feynman and his work are honoured by physicists across the world,his personal qualities and skills are what really make him unique.Faced with all the challenges,he never gave up,doing work that he loved until the day he died. 5.What do we know about Richard Phillips Feynman from the text? A.Young Feynman showed his talent in every field. B.Feynman won the Nobel Prize after the war ended. C.Young Feynman enjoyed managing the household a lot. D.Feynman was diagnosed with cancer and died at the age of 60. 6.Why was Feynman admitted to Princeton? A.Because he was Jewish. B.Because he graduated from MIT. C.Because he was very gifted in math and science. D.Because his lecture attracted many great scientists. 7.Which of the following can best describe Richard Feynman? A.Selfless and friendly. B.Talented and stubborn. C.Intelligent and devoted. D.Strong-willed and humorous. 1181 UNIT 1 PEOPLE OF ACHIEVEMENT////// 8.What may be the best title of the text? A.Richard Feynman's Early Life B.Richard Feynman-A Respected Scientist with Unusual Qualities C.A Touching Story About Richard Feynman D.The Influence of Richard Feynman ‖.七选五 子主题3 爱因斯坦对创造性 思雏的看法 语篇类型说明文 词数 248关键词 logic,intuition,music [2022一2023湖南省长沙市长那中学高二上月考] Einstein's Opinions on Creative Thinking "The greatest scientists are artists as well,"said Albert Einstein,one of the greatest physicists and an amateur pianist and violinist. For Einstein,insight does not come from logic or mathematics.1. As he told one friend, “All great achievements of science must start from intuitive（直觉的)knowledge..Imagination is more important than knowledge. 2. Surprisingly,it's not the content of an idea,or its subject,that determines whether something is art or science,but how the idea is expressed.If what is seen and experienced is described in the language of logic,then it is science.If it is communicated and recognized intuitively,then it is art. 3. That's why he said that great scientists were also artists. 4. "If I were not a physicist,"he once said,"I would probably be a musician.I often think in music and I see my life in terms of music.I get most joy in life out of music.Music provided Einstein with a connection between time and space,which combines spatial and structural aspects."The theory of relativity occurred to me by intuition and music is the driving force behind this intuition,"said Einstein."My parents had me study the violin from the time I was six.5. A.But how did art differ from science for Einstein? B.Instead,it comes from intuition and inspiration. C.My new discovery is the result of musical insight. D.There is no doubt that my theory was a great breakthrough then. E.Einstein himself worked intuitively and expressed himself logically. F.Einstein also owed his scientific insight and intuition mainly to music. G.For Einstein,it was the humanities that mainly contributed to his achievements. 1119/11110 高考快递·练习生 高中英语·选择性必修第一册·RJ 川，完形填空 子主题4 诺贝尔奖的由来 语篇类型记叙文 词数302 关键词 Alfred Nobel,dynamite, public image [2021一2022江苏省高邮市第一中学高一下教学质量检测（改编）]The Nobel Prize is considered one of the most recognizable and admirable awards,1 people of the world for their outstanding achievements in different fields. Alfred Nobel was born in 1833 to a family of engineers in Sweden.In 1850,he met Ascanio Sobrero,the inventor of nitroglycerin (in Paris.Interested in its irregular 2 of exploding under pressure or heat,Nobel started to find a way to control it and make a 3 explosive () After years of 4 in 1867,at the age of 34,Nobel invented dynamite ()which is much easier and safer to control than nitroglycerin. During his lifetime,Nobel invented and patented various explosives.He 5 his wealth from his 355 inventions,among which dynamite was the most important. When Alfred's brother Ludwig died in 1888,a French newspaper 6 published Alfred's obituary ()Reading his own obituary,Nobel was 7 to find out his public image.The newspaper strongly 8 Nobel for inventing dynamite,giving him the nickname of "the merchant of death"and saying "Dr.Alfred Nobel,who became 9 by finding ways to kill more people faster than ever before, died yesterday." To Alfred,this obituary was a(n)10.He spent his lifetime alone 11 things and was deeply concerned with how he would be remembered.This unfortunate event inspired him to make changes in his will so as to 12 his public image,and to be remembered for a good cause.In 1895, one year before his death,Nobel made the last 13 saying clearly that his wealth would be used to create a series of prizes for those who have made great 14 to mankind in physics,chemistry, physiology or medicine,literature,and peace.To widespread astonishment,Dr.Alfred Nobel 15 94%of his total wealth to found the five Nobel Prizes. 1.A.remembering B.honouring C.crediting D.negating 2.A.nature B.conduct C.flavour D.benefit 3.A.deadly B.pleasant C.usable D.mild 4.A.achievements B.efforts C.hesitation D.occupation 5.A.brought up B.put up C.broke up D.built up 6.A.mistakenly B.purposefully C.unintentionally D.scientifically 11120 UNIT 1 PEOPLE OF ACHIEVEMENT 7.A.satisfied B.relieved C.impressed D.disappointed 8.A.praised B.blamed C.appreciated D.favoured 9.A.greedy B.available C.rich D.sufficient 10.A.error B.warning C.threat D.consequence 11.A.destroying B.inventing C.combining D.defeating 12.A.improve B.establish C.demonstrate D.evaluate 13.A.request B.illustration C.will D.fortune 14.A.choices B.decisions C.profits D.contributions 15.A.gave away B.gave back C.gave off D.gave out V,语法填空 子主题5 瓦特和蒸汽机 语篇类型 记叙文 词数 194 关键词James Watt,steam engine [2022-2023浙江省9+1高中联里高二上期中]James Watt,bomn in Scotland in1736,was an engineer,scientist and 1. invent).As a child,he was gifted in the areas of maths and science One day when he was 12 years old,he sat in his family kitchen,2. watch)a kettle boiling water.As the water boiled,the steam made the top of the kettle bounce 3. and down. He thought deeply about what was happening,as steam was only water 4. seemed to be powerful enough to lift a kettle top.He reflected 5. (far)on the process,estimating how much more power could 6. (create)by a large amount of water.Later he experimented with steam and eventually developed the steam engine.This was 7. great success in improving the Newcomen steam engine,8. was commonly used at the time. Watt's invention changed the course of human history.Steam engines helped to power factories that started the Industrial Revolution.With this 9. come)new types of jobs and the availability of new products at lower costs.In the area of transportation,steam engines were used 10. power)trains and boats,helping people to travel a greater distance in a much shorter time.高考快递·练习生 高中英语·选择性必修第一册·RJ 空处在从句中作谓语。根据句子中的时间状语vrhe」3.D考查细节理解。根据第四段的内容可知，父亲去世后， yes可知，句子应用现在完成时，且主语为L,故填have Jane继续进行癌症化疗研究。故选D。 madea 4.D考查细节理解。根据第五段的“，nd their successes 7.but考查连词。“ot..but..”为固定用法，意为“不 included mithramycin,used to treat brain tumours (that 是…而是…”。根据句意可知，此处表达的是，“我” could not be removed by operations(手术)，”可知， 工作并不是因为“我不得不去工作，而是因为“我”想去 mithramycin(光辉霉素)可以用于治疗不能通过手术切除 工作。上下文形成转折的逻辑关系。故填bt。 的脑瘤。故选D。 8.saying考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知， B “8. she was short---listed”在句中作后置定语，修饰 语篇导读》文章主要介绍了物理学家Richard Phillip四 名词l,意思是“当我们接到了一个电话，说她入围了 Feynman的个人经历以及取得的成就。 时…”。cl与say之间是主谓关系，空处应用现在分 5.B考查细节理解。根据第四段中“After the war,Feynman 词，故填sayin唱。 taught at Comell University,where he continued his studies.He 9.a考查冠词。此处表达的是，“我们”以为它是一个笑话。 was also awarded the Nobel Prize for his work in particle joke为可数名词单数，空处表示泛指，应用不定冠词，且 ysics..”可知，Feynman是在战后获得诺贝尔奖的。故选B。 6.C考查细节理解。根据第三段中“Despite the fact that his joke的音标是以铺音音素开头的，故填。 10.wonderful考查形容词。分析句子结构可知，空处要用 grades in science and math were the best that we've seen' according to Princeton,he was almost rejected due to his very 形容词作表语。故填wonderful。 poor grades in writing and his Jewish religion."可知，Feynman 长难句分析 被普林斯顿大学录取是因为他在科学和数学方面的天赋。 (Picking up her"Lifetime Achievement"award),proud 故选C。 现在分词短语作伴随状语 7.C考查推理判断。根据第二段的内容，尤其是“But young Irene declared she had no plans to retire from her 36-year- Feynman showed a talent for math and engineering.",以及第 主语谓语 宾语从句 三段中“Despite the fact that his grades in science and math old business. were‘the best that we've seen'..”可知，Feynman很聪明： 句意：获得“终身成就奖“的Iee非常自豪，表明她没有 根据文章最后一句“Faced with all the challenges,he never 打算从她36年之久的事业中退休 gave up,doing work that he loved until the day he died. 知，他一生致力于自己热爱的事业。故选C。 单元重组大练习 8.B考查主旨大意。通读全文可知，本文介绍了物理学家 Richard Phillips Feynman的成长过程以及所取得的伟大成 就。结合第一段的“a person who thinks in an unusual way” A 语篇导读)本文主要介绍了癌症研究者Jane Cooke Wright在 “unusual qualities”,第二段的“Feynman's unique qualities” 父亲Louis Tompkins Wright的影响下进行癌痘化疗研究的 以及最后一段的“his personal qualities and skills are what re山y make him unique”可知，B项最适合作为文章的标题。 经历以及取得的成果。 故选B。 1.A考查推理判断。根据第一段的“Her father.uis 词汇积累 Tompkins Wright,had been one of the first African-Americans to graduate with flying colors from Harvard Medical School. 名词：qualityn.品质religion n.宗教 and the first black doctor to work in a municipal New York 短语：a different point of view一个不同的观点show a hospital.By the time Jane was four,he had set up a nursing talent for..展示出…的天赋dueo由于 school at Harlem Hospital,.admitting black students.”可知， 长难句分析 Jane的父亲取得了许多成就。故选A。 Faced with all the challenges )he never gave up, 2.C考查推理判断。根据第三段的“In leukaemia,. 过去分调短语作状语 主语 谓语 however,there is an increased level of bad white blood cells. doing work that he loved)until the day he died. and the Wrights thought some of the chemicals found in 现在分词短语作扶语 mustard gas might be used as effective treatments.."可知，Jane 句意：面对所有的挑战，他从未放弃，做者他热爱的工作， 和父亲研究芥子气是为了分析芥子气中的某些化学物质 直到他去世的那一天。 是否能用于治疗白血病。故选C。 D6￥英语 参考答案及超详思路 川.语隔导读》本文介绍了爱因斯坦关于创造性思雏的 (炸药)，which is much easier and safer to control than 观，点。 nitroglycerin."可知，Nobel想发明一种适用的爆炸物。 1.B由空前“For Einstein,insight does not come from logie or deadly“致命的”：pleasant“令人偷快的”：usable'“可用的： mathematics.”可推知，空处应继续讨论洞察力来自哪里。 适用的”：mild温和的”。故选C。 B项“Instead,it comes from intuition and inspiration.”说明 4,B考查名词。根据上文“Nobel started to find a way to 了洞察力来自直觉和灵感，并符合该处语境。故选B。 control it and make a3 explosive(爆炸物).”"及下文 2.A空处为段首句.应概括段落内容。根据后文内容可知， "...in 1867,at the age of 34,Nobel invented dynamite 本段是关于艺术与科学的关系的论述。由此推知，A项符 药)”可知，N为制造炸药付出了多年的努力。 合语境，且A项中的“art differ from science”和空后的 achievement“成就”；effort“努力”；hesitation“犹豫”； “whether something is art or science”相呼应。故选A。 occupation'“职业：消遣”。故选B。 3.E根据上文“If what is seen and experienced is described 5.D考查动词短语。根据空后的“his wealth from his in the language of logic.then it is science.If it is 355 inventions'”可知，此处指Nobel从他的发明中积累财 communicated and recognized intuitively,then it is art.”及下 富。bring up“养育；提出”：putp“建造：张贴”；break up "That's why he said that great scientists were also artists." “破碎：结束”；build up“建立；增多”。故选D。 可知，E项承上启下，符合语境.说明按照空前的方法来判 6.A考查副词。根据上文“When Alfred's brother Ludwig 断，爱因斯坦既是科学家也是艺术家。故选E。 died in1888,”可知，是Nabd的兄弟过世而不是Nobel过 4.F空处为段首句.应概括段落内容。由下文可知，本段论 世，然而报纸刊登了Nobl的讣告，所以报纸刊登错了。 述了音乐给爱因斯坦提供的帮助。F项提到了爱因斯坦 mistaken山y“错误地”：purposeful山y“故意地"：unintentionally 把他的科学洞察力和直觉主要归功于音乐，符合语境。故 “无意地”：seientifically“科学地”。故选A。 选F。 7.D考查形容词。根据下文“The newspaper strongl8 5.C根据上文4 The theory of relativity oceurred to me by Nobel for inventing dynamite,giving him the nickname of'the intuition and musie is the driving foree behind this intuition..." merchant of death'and saying Dr.Alfred Nobel,who 可知，爱因斯坦是凭直觉想到相对论的，而音乐就是这种 became 9 by finding ways to kill more people faster than 直觉背后的推动力。C项说明了爱因斯坦的新发现是音 ever before,died yesterday.'”可知，该报对Nobel的评价很 乐洞察力的结果，承接上文，符合语境。故选C。 艚糕.所以Noel感到失望。atisfiec“满意的”：elieved 长难句分析 “宽慰的”；impressed“有印象的”；disappointed“失望的”。 Surprisingly,it's not content of an idea.or its subject.that 故选D。 强调句 8.B考查动词。根据下文“…giving him the nickname of determines whether something is art or science,but how the ·the merchant of death',”可知，该报谴责了Nobe发明炸 连词 药。praise“表扬”；blame“责备”：a即preciate“欣赏：感激”； idea is expressed. avour'“偏爱”。故选B。 句意：令人惊讶的是，决定一个想法是艺术还是科学，不在 9.C考查形容词。根据上文“He5 his wealth from his 于它的内容或主题，而在于这个想法是如何表达的。 355 inventions,among which dynamite was the most Ⅲ.语隔导读Alfred Nobel一生发明了许多爆炸物，因此受 important.."可知，Nobel通过炸药等发明变得富有。再根 到诟病，为了提升自己的公众形象，他捐献自己的大部分 据"the merchant of death”可知，该报是在遣责Nobe发明 遗产，创立了诺贝尔奖。 炸药来赚钱的行为。greedy“贪婪的”；available“可获得 1.B考查动词。根据常识可知，诺贝尔奖是用来表彰取得 的”：rieh“富裕的”：u伍cien“足够的：充足的”。故选C。 杰出成就的人的。emember“记得”：honour'“尊数：给予表 10.B考查名词。根据下文“.was deeply concerned with 扬（或奖励，头衔，称号）”：c心dit“认为是…的功劳”； how he would be remembered."可知.Nobel很在意自己的 negate'“否认”。故选B。 公众形象，所以这份谴责他的讣告对他起到了警示作用」 2.A考查名词。根据空后的“exploding under pressure or emor“错误”；warning“警告：警示”；hret“威胁”； het..”及下文的研究结果可知.这里讲的是硝酸甘油的性 consequence“结果”。故选B。 质。nature“自然：性质”：conduet“行为，举止“：avor“味 11.B考查动词。根据上文“During his lifetime,Nobd 道”：ben“好处”。故选A。 invented and patented various explosives.."可知，Nobel一生 3.C考查形容词。根据下文的“..Nobel invented dynamite 都在发明东西。destroy“破坏”；invent“发明”：combine 英语D7 W 高考快递·练习生高中英语·选择性必修第一册·RJ “结合”：defeat“"战胜，击败”。故选B。 “一项”成功的发明，空处应用不定冠词，且gt是以辅音 12.A考查动词。根据上文“…was deeply concemed with how 音素开头的单词。故填。 he would be remembered.."及下文“，and to be remembered for 8.whch考查定语从句。分析句子可知，空处引导非限制 a good cause.”可知，Nod很在意自己的公众形象，所以当 性定语从句，先行词为“the Newcomen steam engine”,指物， 他看到报纸对他的谴责时，他想提升自己的公众形象。 在从句中作主语，故应用关系代词wi山来引导该从句。 improve“提升”；establish“建立”；demonstrate“展示”； 故填which。 evaluate“评价”。故选A。 9.came考查时态和语态。本句为完全倒装句。主语为 13.C考查名词。根据上文“make changes in his will.” "new types of jobs and the availability of new products at lower 及下文“.saying clearly that his wealth would be used to costs”,和提示词come之间为主谓关系：分析上下文可知， ereate a series of prizes..,"可推知，olel在去世前一年立 句子时态应为一般过去时。故填came。 了最后的遗嘱。request“要求，请求”；illustration“插图：示 10.to power考查非谓语动词。be used to do sth意为“被 例”：will“心愿：遗”：fortune“"命运：财富”。故选C。 用来做某事”，此处应用动词不定式，作目的状语。故填 14.D考查名词。根据第一段中“1_people of the world to powero for their outstanding achievements in different fields'”及常识 UNIT 2 LOOKING INTO THE 可知，诺贝尔奖表影的是那些有突出贡献的人。choi©e FUTURE “选择”；decision“决定”；poft“利润”；contribution“贡 献”。故选D Part A Reading and Thinking Learning 15.A考查动词短语。根据上文“，，saying clearly that his About Language wealth would be used to create a series of prizes for those." 可知，Nob捐赠了自己的大部遗产来创立诺贝尔奖。 之单元知识大闯关WN give away“赠送”；give back“归还”：give off“散发”；give out“分发；公布”。故选A。 1.1.potential 2.remote 3.switched 4.routine 5.instant/immediate 6.warning 7.persuaded 8.combine W.语篇导读》文章主要介绍了发明家James Watt是如何研 9.Nevertheless 制出蒸汽机的以及这一发明带来的影响 1.inventor考查名词。根据空前的“an engineer,scientis ll.1.keep track of 2.switch off 3.have a preference for ad”可知，空处指的是“发明家”，应用名词的单数形式。 4.the instant 5.have a good command of 6.early on 故填inventor。 7.hang out with 8.set off 9.am no exception l.1.to 2.security 3.efficiently 4.(should)be taken 2.watching考查非谓语动词。分析句子可知，空处应填非 谓语动词，提示词与逻辑主语he之间为主谓关系，故空处 5.up 6.healthy 7.to 8.constantly 9.innovation 10.automatically 应用现在分词形式作伴随状语。故填watching。 N.1.could not help but 2.no longer lives 3.It;before 3.up考查副词。根据bounce(弹跳)以及空后的“and down” 4.found his passport lost 5.respond to emergencies 可知，空处应填p,构成短语ap and down“上上下下”。 V.1.Having been/After being persuaded to change my attitude, 4.but考查连词。分析句意可知，空前“steam was only I finally found the right way to get rid of carelessness and water”和空后“seemed to be powerful enough to lift a kettle gain confidence. op”之间是转折的关系。故填bul。 2.This switch has already reduced pollution in the country's 5.urther考查副词。分析句子成分可知，空处为副词，修饰 major lakes and made drinking water safer for people. 谓语reflected on;再根据上文“He thought deeply about..”可 3.The time we once spent together is now a distant memory. 知，此处指他“进一步”思考，空处应用ar的比较级形式 4.The company often gives preference to elderly customers. further。故填further。 5.In my opinion.he has the potential to become a champion. 6.be created考查语态。分析句子可知，空处作句子的谓 VI.1.With 2.security 3.which 4.used 5.to 6.what 语，主语more power和提示词ceae之间是逻辑上的动宾 7.sending 8.healthier 9.potentially 10.a 关系，故谓语应用被动语态：情态动词之后应用动词原形。 故填be created. 之主题语境大拓展 7.a考查冠词。结合语境可知，success在此处意为“成功 【,语篇导读》本文是对未来生活方方面面的展望 的人（或事物）”，是可数名词。分析句意可知，此处泛指1.B考查细节理解。根据第二段中的“There may be D8英语