精品解析：上海市市西、嘉定一中等四校2024-2025学年高三下学期3月联考英语试题

2024学年第二学期阶段练习 高三英语试卷 考试时间：105分钟 满分：115分 I. Grammar and Vocabulary Section A Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank. Dear Anxious Bunny, I fully understand how debilitating it can feel ____1____ (be) aware of the work you need to do but simply not be able to find the motivation to get started. I also understand the feelings of shame and guilt ____2____ often accompany this internal conflict. But before I give you any practical advice or strategies to deal with your stress, I want to emphasize the importance of not beating yourself up for letting your work pile up; negative self-talk is only going to increase your anxiety. You wouldn’t be human ____3____ you didn’t feel a lack of motivation at times. When you feel demotivated try taking a small step in the right direction by choosing any one of the tasks you need to finish and starting working on it, ____4____ your feelings. This may sound redundant, but fighting the impulse to not get started because of your lack of motivation ____5____ be exactly what you need to do in order to find motivation. Once you start completing a task that you ____6____ (put off) for days or even weeks, there’s a fair chance that you’ll realize it didn’t even take you that long to complete. Then you can use that experience as evidence that you’re able to complete your tasks by simply choosing to get started instead of giving in to your lack of motivation. This is easier said than done, but I find breaking down work into small parts rather than attempting to tackle ____7____ all at once helps to ease your anxiety and stress. If you’d prefer a more unconventional strategy, try taking a 15-minute walk, whether it outside or just around your house. Many doctors believe ____8____ this exercise may boost flowing to your brain, which can help you calm your nerves and clear your head so that you’ll feel ready to get down to doing your work. But if there seems to be ____9____ ongoing problem with your motivation, and you feel overwhelmed to the point where you struggle to get out of bed or keep a regular eating schedule, it may be time to seek help from a mental health professional. Also, don’t hesitate to reach out to your teachers for help. ____10____ (prioritize) your mental health is a crucial part of your ability to be the best student you can be. Take care of yourself, Anxious Bunny. Bianca 【答案】1. to be 2. which##that 3. if 4. despite 5. may 6. have put off##have been putting off 7. it 8. that 9. an 10. Prioritizing 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了应对缺乏动力及工作堆积的方法及建议。 【1题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：我完全理解，当意识到自己需要做的工作，却根本找不到开始的动力时，会有多么的无力。句中it作形式主语，空处应用不定式做真正的主语。故填to be。 【2题详解】 考查定语从句。句意：我也理解常常伴随这种内心冲突而来的羞耻感和内疚感。空处引导限制性定语从句，先行词是the feelings of shame and guilt，指物，在从句中作主语，故用关系代词which/that。故填which/that。 【3题详解】 考查状语从句。句意：如果你没有偶尔缺乏动力的感觉，那你就不是正常人了。根据空前You wouldn’t be human及空后you didn’t feel a lack of motivation at times可知，空处引导条件状语从句，表示 “如果”，应用if。故填if。 【4题详解】 考查介词。句意：当你感到没有动力时，试着朝着正确的方向迈出一小步，选择一项你需要完成的任务并开始着手做，不管你的感觉如何。空后为名词短语，空处应用介词，根据空前When you feel demotivated, try taking a small step in the right direction by choosing any one of the tasks you need to finish and starting working on it及空后your feelings可知，空处表示“不管”，应用despite。故填despite。 【5题详解】 考查情态动词。句意：这听起来可能有些多余，但克服因为缺乏动力而不想开始的冲动，可能正是你为了找到动力所需要做的事情。根据空前This may sound redundant可知，空处表示“可能”，应用情态动词may。故填may。 【6题详解】 考查动词的时态和人称。句意：一旦你开始完成一项你已经拖延了几天甚至几周的任务，很有可能你会意识到完成它根本没花你那么长时间。根据for days or even weeks可知，“拖延”这个动作从过去一直持续到现在，应用现在完成时，也可以强调动作一直持续，用现在完成进行时，主语为you，助动词用have。故填have put off/have been putting off。 【7题详解】 考查代词。句意：这说起来容易做起来难，但我发现把工作分解成小部分，而不是试图一次性处理所有工作，有助于缓解你的焦虑和压力。空处指代前面的work，应用 it。故填it。 【8题详解】 考查宾语从句。句意：许多医生认为这种锻炼可能会促进流向大脑的血液，这可以帮助你镇定神经，理清思绪，这样你就会觉得愿意开始做你的工作了。空处引导宾语从句，从句不缺成分且意思完整，应用连接词that。故填that。 【9题详解】 考查冠词。句意：但如果你的动力似乎存在一个持续的问题，而且你感到不堪重负，以至于难以起床或保持正常的饮食规律，那么可能是时候向心理健康专家寻求帮助了。空处泛指一个，应用不定冠词，ongoing以元音音素开头，应用不定冠词an。故填an。 【10题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：优先考虑你的心理健康是你成为最优秀学生能力的关键部分。空处在句中作主语，应用动名词形式prioritizing，位于句首首字母大写。故填Prioritizing。 Section B Directions: Fill in each blank with a proper word chosen from the box. Each word can be used only once. Note that there is one word more than you need. A．attributed B．dominated C．struggling D．smashing E．preciously F．storm G．adaptations H．erupted I．outpaced J．enthusiasm K．previously An unruly Chinese boy who battles dragons and defies destiny has made his way to Western cinema screens after ____11____ box office records in China. The phenomenal success of “Ne Zha” — a rare bright spot in China’s otherwise slowing box office amid a ____12____ economy — has sparked a wave of national pride with audiences, state media and officials rushing to celebrate the landmark achievement. For decades, China’s movie market had been ____13____ by Hollywood blockbusters. But in recent years, homegrown titles — in genres from action and sci-fi to romance and animation — have increasingly ____14____ Western films, a pivot fueled by rising cultural pride, more sophisticated storytelling and rapid technological progress. For a new generation of Chinese filmmakers and audiences, the reasoning is clear: If China’s own talent can deliver high-quality ____15____ of the legends they grew up with, why rely on Western studios to tell Chinese stories? Following its record-breaking run in China, “Ne Zha” has taken the overseas cinema by ____16____, with wide releases in Australia and New Zealand on Thursday and North America on Friday. It became an instant hit among the Chinese diaspora (移民社群) — many rushed to snap up presale tickets days in advance and lined up for its premiere (首映式)。 “Even those who weren’t ____17____ interested in anime, like me, are drawn to this movie because of the ____18____ and glowing word of mouth in China,” said Summer Wang, a data analyst who attended the film’s premiere in Los Angeles. Stephanie Zhan, 30, a jewelry sales manager in Sydney, spent an hour getting to a cinema in a severe thunderstorm to watch “Ne Zha”. “The audience, mostly of Chinese descent, ____19____ in applause at the end of the screening.” “The success of the film can be _______20_______ to its innovative animation style and visual effects,” she said. “It had a complete story with nuanced emotions, funny moments, and the fight scenes were spectacular,” she added, “I feel hopeful about domestic films now.” 【答案】11. D 12. C 13. B 14. I 15. G 16. F 17. K 18. J 19. H 20. A 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了国产动画电影《哪吒之魔童降世》在中国打破票房纪录后进军海外市场，阐述了近年来国产电影凭借文化、叙事和技术优势逐渐超越西方电影的情况。 【11题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：一个桀骜不驯的中国男孩，他与龙战斗并挑战命运，在打破了中国的票房纪录后，登上了西方的电影银幕。根据后文“The phenomenal success of “Ne Zha” — a rare bright spot in China’s otherwise slowing box office”可知，《哪吒之魔童降世》打破了票房纪录，动名词“smashing”有“打破”之意，作介词after后宾语，符合此处语境。故选D。 【12题详解】 考查形容词。句意：《哪吒之魔童降世》的惊人成功——在中国经济不景气、票房整体放缓的情况下，这是一个罕见的亮点——引发了民众的民族自豪感，观众、官方媒体和官员纷纷庆祝这一具有里程碑意义的成就。根据“China’s otherwise slowing box office”可推知，当时经济发展艰难，用形容词“struggling”作定语修饰economy，表示“艰难发展的，不景气的”，符合语境。故选C。 【13题详解】 考查动词。句意：几十年来，中国电影市场一直被好莱坞大片所主导。根据“by Hollywood blockbusters”可知，过去长时间里中国电影市场是被好莱坞大片所主导，用过去分词“dominated”构成现在完成时的被动语态，意为“被主导，被支配”，符合文意。故选B。 【14题详解】 考查动词。句意：但近年来，国产电影——从动作片、科幻片到爱情片和动画片等各种类型——越来越超过西方电影，这一转变得益于文化自豪感的提升、更成熟的叙事手法和快速的技术进步。根据“a pivot fueled by rising cultural pride, more sophisticated storytelling and rapid technological progress”可知国产电影凭借多种优势发展良好，超过了西方电影，用过去分词“outpaced”构成现在完成时态，其意为“超过，比……发展更快”。故选I。 【15题详解】 考查名词。句意：对于新一代中国电影制作人和观众来说，理由很明确：如果中国自己的人才能够对他们从小就熟悉的传说进行高质量的改编，为什么还要依赖西方电影公司来讲述中国故事呢？根据“legends they grew up with”可知这里说的是对传说进行改编，名词“adaptations”表示“改编本，改编”，作宾语，符合语境。故选G。 【16题详解】 考查名词。句意：在中国取得破纪录成绩后，《哪吒之魔童降世》在海外影院引发了轰动，周四在澳大利亚和新西兰广泛上映，周五在北美上映。根据后文电影在海外广泛上映且很多人提前买票、排队看首映可知它在海外引起了很大反响，“take...by storm”是固定短语，意为“使……大为轰动”。故选F。 【17题详解】 考查副词。句意：“像我这样以前对动漫不感兴趣的人，也因为中国国内的热情和良好的口碑而被这部电影吸引，”参加了该电影洛杉矶首映式的数据分析师Summer Wang说。根据“are drawn to this movie”能看出是原本不感兴趣现在被吸引，副词“previously”意为“以前，先前”，作时间状语，符合语境。故选K。 【18题详解】 考查名词。句意：“像我这样以前对动漫不感兴趣的人，也因为中国国内的热情和良好的口碑而被这部电影吸引，”参加了该电影洛杉矶首映式的数据分析师Summer Wang说。结合前文电影在国内的成功以及“glowing word of mouth”可知国内观众对电影充满热情，名词“enthusiasm”表示“热情，热忱”，作宾语，符合文意。故选J。 【19题详解】 考查动词。句意：观众大多是华裔，放映结束时爆发出热烈的掌声。后文“in applause at the end of the screening”描述的是放映结束时的场景，“erupted in applause”表示“爆发出掌声”，erupted作谓语动词，符合语境。故选H。 【20题详解】 考查动词。句意：“这部电影的成功可以归因于其创新的动画风格和视觉效果，”她说。后文“its innovative animation style and visual effects”是电影成功的原因，“be attributed to”是固定短语，意为“归因于……”，符合文意。故选A。 II. Reading Comprehension Section A Directions: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context. DeepSeek a breakthrough but bottlenecks remain DeepSeek ____21____ its general large model DeepSeek-R1 last month, which attracted global attention with its low cost and high performance. The model’s training costs were 10 percent of the industry benchmark (基准) using far less computing power resources than those of its international peers. This offers a new solution for breaking through the Western-dominated AI development model of relying on high ____22____ to make breakthroughs. At the same time, DeepSeek has ____23____ a completely open source strategy, disclosing algorithms, model weights and training details, so that global developers can learn from, improve and deploy models. The open source ecosystem helps to attract more developers and users to participate, promotes technology iteration, and is expected to change the ____24____ competition landscape. ____25____ these breakthroughs, it should also be noted that China’s original AI innovation still has a long way to go. China’s data infrastructure system construction is still in its ____26____, the data acquisition and exchange mechanism is not yet sound, industry data and public data are difficult to obtain and access, and the data available for large models is limited. ____27____, data annotation (注释) is the basis for the supply of high-quality data. Due to the shortage of professional annotation talents, the quality of data annotation in China needs to be improved, especially in areas such as medical care and autonomous driving where development needs are ____28____ and the professional requirements are high. From a global perspective, the influence of Chinese domestic large models such as DeepSeek in the global technology ecosystem is still in its early stage. From a ____29____ perspective, the entire industry chain of China’s AI development from basic research to technological innovation to scenario application has not yet been fully opened. The flow of factors such as technology, capital, data and talents that support the iterative (迭代的) development of large models is still _____30_____. To this end, AI basic research and technological innovation should be continuously strengthened. The country should _____31_____ the construction of national strategic scientific and technological forces in the field of AI, promote the cross-integration of AI with basic _____32_____ such as mathematics, physics and brain science, and improve basic AI research. It should encourage open source AI technology, focus on open source projects, and promote open source contributors, service providers, users, operators and other entities to _____33_____ promote AI technology innovation. The authorities should provide more support to help cultivate and strengthen AI start-ups and provide scientific references for governments and financial institutions to _____34_____ identify potential and high-value AI start-ups. The country needs to _____35_____ its advantages in massive data and rich application scenarios, organize the advantages of scientific research institutions, leading technology companies, etc., focus on key vertical segments such as intelligent manufacturing and autonomous driving, and coordinate the layout of the large model industry application innovation engineering centers. 21. A. restrained B. released C. recognized D. revised 22. A. outcomes B. incomes C. inputs D. outputs 23. A. abandoned B. achieved C. acknowledged D. adopted 24. A. all-inclusive B. winner-takes-all C. equal-opportunity D. hands-off 25. A. In addition to B. Considering C. Despite D. Because of 26. A. infancy B. maturity C. growth D. adolescence 27. A. As a result B. At the same time C. On the other hand D. In other words 28. A. urgent B. critical C. occasional D. usual 29. A. local B. global C. regional D. domestic 30. A. controlled B. blocked C. initiated D. expanded 31 A. accelerate B. delay C. hinder D. maintain 32. A. experiments B. technologies C. disciplines D. areas 33. A. separately B. freely C. closely D. jointly 34. A. quickly B. vaguely C. accurately D. roughly 35. A. give rise to B. give play to C. give credit to D. give in to 【答案】21. B 22. C 23. D 24. B 25. C 26. A 27. B 28. A 29. D 30. B 31. A 32. C 33. D 34. C 35. B 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇新闻报道。文章介绍了上个月，DeepSeek推出了通用大型机型DeepSeek-R1，以其低成本和高性能吸引了全球的关注。DeepSeek取得了突破，但瓶颈依然存在。 【21题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：上个月，DeepSeek发布了通用大型机型DeepSeek-R1，以其低成本和高性能吸引了全球的关注。A. restrained制止；阻止；B. released发布；释放；C. recognized认出；公认；D. revised修改；复习回顾。根据题目中的“DeepSeek a breakthrough(DeepSeek取得了重大突破)”可知，应该是DeepSeek发布了新成果。故选B项。 【22题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：这为突破西方主导的依靠高投入实现突破的人工智能发展模式提供了新的解决方案。A. outcomes结果；B. incomes收入；C. inputs输入；投入；D. outputs产出，产量。根据上文“which attracted global attention with its low cost and high performance (以其低成本和高性能吸引了全球的关注)”及“for breaking through the Western-dominated AI development model of relying on high…to make breakthroughs.”可知，西方取得重大突破是高投入的与DeepSeek的low cost相对。故选C项。 【23题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：与此同时，DeepSeek采取了完全开源的策略，公开算法、模型权重和训练细节，以便全球开发者能够学习、改进和部署。A. abandoned放弃；B. achieved实现；获得；C. acknowledged承认，认可；D. adopted采用；采纳；收养。根据后面宾语“a completely open source strategy”可知，该公司采用了新的策略。故选D项。 【24题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：开源生态系统有助于吸引更多的开发人员和用户参与，促进技术迭代，并有望改变赢者通吃的竞争格局。A. all-inclusive全包式的；B. winner-takes-all胜者通吃的，全胜者得全部的；C. equal-opportunity机会均等的；D. hands-off不干涉的。根据上文“The open source ecosystem helps to attract more developers and users to participate, promotes technology iteration…”可知，这种策略吸引更多的参与者，会改变原来的状态，由此推测，原来应该是胜者的全部的状态。故选B项。 【25题详解】 考查介词短语辨析。句意：尽管取得了这些突破，但也应该看到，中国的人工智能原创创新还有很长的路要走。A. In addition to除……之外；B. Considering鉴于，考虑到；C. Despite尽管；D. Because of由于，因为。根据下文“these breakthroughs, it should also be noted that China’s original AI innovation still has a long way to go”可知，重大突破和还需继续努力，有很长的路要走，为转折关系。故选C项。 【26题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：中国的数据基础设施体系建设尚处于起步阶段，数据采集和交换机制尚不健全，行业数据和公共数据难以获取和访问，可供大模型使用的数据有限。A. infancy婴儿期、初期；B. maturity成熟；C. growth成长，增长；D. adolescence青春期。根据下文“the data acquisition and exchange mechanism is not yet sound, industry data and public data are difficult to obtain and access, and the data available for large models is limited.”可知，中国的数据基础设施体系中数据有限，还有很多不足，仍处于起步阶段。故选A项。 【27题详解】 考查介词短语辨析。句意：同时，数据标注是提供高质量数据的基础。A. As a result结果，因此；B. At the same time与此同时；C. On the other hand另一方面；D. In other words换句话说。根据上文“industry data and public data are difficult to obtain and access, and the data available for large models is limited (行业数据和公共数据难以获取和访问，可用于大型模型的数据有限)”及空后“data annotation (注释) is the basis for the supply of high-quality data”中国数据基础设施体系数据有限和数据注释是基础这是同时存在的问题。故选B项。 【28题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：由于专业标注人才的短缺，中国的数据标注质量有待提高，特别是在医疗、自动驾驶等发展需求迫切、专业要求高的领域。A. urgent紧急的；B. critical重要的；批判的；C. occasional偶尔的；D. usual通常的。根据上文“Due to the shortage of professional annotation talents, the quality of data annotation in China needs to be improved,”可知，这些领域的发展需求是迫切的。故选A项。 【29题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：从国内来看，中国人工智能发展从基础研究到技术创新再到场景应用的全产业链尚未完全打通。A. local当地的；B. global全球的；C. regional地区的；D. domestic家务的，家用的，国内的。根据上文“From a global perspective, the influence of Chinese domestic large models such as DeepSeek in the global technology ecosystem is still in its early stage.(从全球角度来看，DeepSeek等中国本土大型模式在全球技术生态系统中的影响力还处于早期阶段)”及本句空后“the entire industry chain of China’s AI development from basic research to technological innovation to scenario application has not yet been fully opened.”可知，本句分析国内情况，domestic与上一句中的global对应，符合语境。故选D项。 【30题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：支持大型模型迭代（迭）开发的技术、资金、数据和人才等因素的流动仍然受阻。A. controlled控制；B. blocked阻挡；C. initiated启动；D. expanded扩张，扩大，膨胀。根据上一句“…the entire industry chain of China’s AI development from basic research to technological innovation to scenario application has not yet been fully opened (中国人工智能发展从基础研究到技术创新再到场景应用的全产业链尚未完全打通)”可知，此处应该在介绍国内在人工智能发展方面面临的问题，主语是The flow，应该是流动受到阻碍。故选B项。 【31题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：加快人工智能领域国家战略科技力量建设，推动人工智能与数学、物理、脑科学等基础学科交叉融合，提高人工智能基础研究水平。A. accelerate加速；B. delay耽误，延迟；C. hinder阻碍；D. maintain保持，维护，维持。根据上文“To this end, AI basic research and technological innovation should be continuously strengthened.(为此，应不断加强人工智能基础研究和技术创新)”及下文与本空动词并列的“promote the cross-integration of AI”和“and improve basic AI research”可知，此处应该是积极意义的词汇，为了国家发展，应该加速这方面的建设。故选A项。 【32题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：加快人工智能领域国家战略科技力量建设，推动人工智能与数学、物理、脑科学等基础学科交叉融合，提高人工智能基础研究水平。A. experiments试验；B. technologies技术；C. disciplines纪律；学科；自律；惩罚，处分；D. areas地区，区域。根据后面举例“such as mathematics, physics and brain science”可知，这里指学科。故选C项。 【33题详解】 考查副词词义辨析。句意：鼓励人工智能技术开源，关注开源项目，推动开源贡献者、服务提供商、用户、运营商等主体共同推动人工智能技术创新。A. separately分别地；B. freely自由地；C. closely密切地；仔细地；紧密地；D. jointly联合地。根据上文“It should encourage open source AI technology, focus on open source projects, and promote open source contributors, service providers, users, operators and other entities…”可知，为推动人工智能技术的创新需要开源贡献者、服务提供商、用户、运营商等主体联合共同努力。故选D项。 【34题详解】 考查副词词义辨析。句意：当局应该提供更多支持，帮助培育和加强人工智能初创企业，并为政府和金融机构准确识别有潜力和高价值的人工智能初创企业提供科学参考。A. quickly迅速地，快地；B. vaguely模糊地；C. accurately精确地；D. roughly粗略地。根据后面“identify potential and high-value AI start-ups”可知，有潜力和高价值的人工智能初创企业应该精确识别。故选C项。 【35题详解】 考查动词短语辨析。句意：国家要发挥海量数据、丰富应用场景等优势，组织科研机构、龙头科技公司等优势，聚焦智能制造、自动驾驶等重点垂直细分领域，统筹布局大型模型产业应用创新工程中心。A. give rise to引起，导致；B. give play to发挥；C. give credit to给与赞扬，归功于；D. give in to屈服于。根据前面“The country needs to”及该动词的宾语“its advantages”可知，应该是发挥优势。故选B项。 II. Reading Comprehension Section B Directions: Read the following passage. The passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read. (A) Healing the Whole Family For a long time, I didn’t know about depression and anxiety, and the adults around me never suspected, because I looked like I had it all together: perfect SAT (美国学业能力倾向测验) score, ten AP (大学先修课程) tests aced, national awards won, president of clubs, dedicated volunteer, and founder of a nonprofit. When I burst into tears, my father would yell at me to stop crying. And when I shared my negative thoughts with my mother, she called me selfish. I felt unworthy of their love until I was perfect beyond criticism. I attended Yale (耶鲁大学) as a first-generation student supported through financial aid, worked at McKinsey, one of the world’s largest consulting firms, and received two master’s degrees from Stanford (斯坦福大学) . My fears of not being good enough seem groundless now, but perhaps were understandable given my upbringing. Raised by neglectful and abusive parents, my parents had scars they dared not uncover even for themselves to see. No one had taught them to address those traumas and to avoid repeating them through anxiety-filled parenting. I cannot remember a time when my home was worry-free. I learned early that any moment without worry was idle. When my grandmother died in my freshman year of college, my mother chose to “get on with” her life, focusing on raising my brother. For years after, my brother struggled with his weight and schoolwork to the point of near expulsion (开除) from school. As my mother looked for ways to help my brother, she came across Virginia Satir’s family therapy. Satir saw every family as a system. Changing one part changes the whole thing. This made my mother start processing her own traumas. So did I. During college, I sought counseling and studied wellness. I began to keep a diary to overcome my past’s shadow. In my final year, I told my family I had seen a therapist, and that it had helped. My family was surprised to find out my mental health challenges were “bad enough” to lead me to seek help. It was hard on my parents, who are part of a generation focused on survival rather than wellness, to hear how their parenting had made a lasting impact on me. It took much time and effort for my parents to shift away from the mindset they had grown up with. Years into the journey, my mother now runs a nonprofit organization teaching thousands of Mandarin-speaking parents about conscious communication. At her recent workshop, heard my dad tell a parent, “I didn’t believe in therapy until my daughter told me that it’s like fixing a cavity (蛀牙洞) at the dentist, which makes a lot of sense to me now. Watching my family learn helped me see that I have room to grow, too.” 36. The author mentioned all her achievements to ______. A. show her parents played a role in her education B. invite readers to rethink the definition of success C. prove that she is qualified to be critical about her family D. highlight that achievements don’t guarantee emotional well-being 37. Paragraph 3 mainly talks about ______. A. the upbringing of the author’s parents B. the root cause of the author’s anxieties C. the common stereotype of Asian students D. the problems involved with anxiety-filled parenting 38. What motivated the author’s mother to deal with her own traumas? A. The focus on her own wellness. B. The sorrow brought by the death of her own mother. C. The fact that her daughter was diagnosed with depression. D. The belief that changing herself might help address her son’s issues. 39. Which of the following best describes the purpose of the article? A. To analyze the generational differences in attitudes towards wellness. B. To record how the author came to understand and forgive her parents. C. To show the author’s personal struggles of overcoming depression and anxiety. D. To emphasize the role of family dynamics in mental health and trauma recovery. 【答案】36. D 37. B 38. D 39. D 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述家庭创伤代际传递，共同疗愈改变心理健康。 【36题详解】 推理判断题。根据第一段“For a long time, I didn’t know about depression and anxiety, and the adults around me never suspected, because I looked like I had it all together: perfect SAT (美国学业能力倾向测验) score, ten AP (大学先修课程) tests aced, national awards won, president of clubs, dedicated volunteer, and founder of a nonprofit. When I burst into tears, my father would yell at me to stop crying. And when I shared my negative thoughts with my mother, she called me selfish. I felt unworthy of their love until I was perfect beyond criticism. (很长一段时间里，我都不了解抑郁和焦虑，我身边的大人们也从未起过疑心，因为我看起来一切都顺风顺水：美国学业能力倾向测验（SAT）成绩优异，十门大学先修课程（AP）考试全部高分通过，荣获过国家级奖项，担任过社团主席，是一名热心的志愿者，还创办了一家非营利组织。每当我突然大哭起来时，父亲总会对我大喊让我别哭。而当我向母亲倾诉自己的消极想法时，她却说我自私。在我达到无可挑剔的完美之前，我一直觉得自己不配得到他们的爱)”可知，作者虽然取得了很多成就，看起来一切都很好，但内心却充满了不被爱的感觉和对自己不够好的恐惧，有抑郁和焦虑的情绪。由此推知作者提到自己的所有成就，是为了强调成就并不能保证情感上的幸福。故选D。 【37题详解】 主旨大意题。根据第三段“Raised by neglectful and abusive parents, my parents had scars they dared not uncover even for themselves to see. No one had taught them to address those traumas and to avoid repeating them through anxiety-filled parenting. I cannot remember a time when my home was worry-free. (我的父母在被忽视和虐待的环境中长大，他们身上有着连自己都不敢去揭开的伤疤。从来没有人教过他们如何去面对那些创伤，以及如何避免在充满焦虑的养育方式中重蹈覆辙。我完全不记得家里什么时候有过无忧无虑的时光)”可知，作者在第三段指出父母的忽视和虐待的教养方式是其焦虑根源，由此推断本段主要讲述作者焦虑的根本原因。故选B。 【38题详解】 推理判断题。根据第五段“As my mother looked for ways to help my brother, she came across Virginia Satir’s family therapy. Satir saw every family as a system. Changing one part changes the whole thing. This made my mother start processing her own traumas.(当我母亲在寻找帮助我弟弟的方法时，她接触到了维吉尼亚・萨提尔的家庭治疗理论。萨提尔认为每个家庭都是一个系统。改变其中一部分就会改变整个系统。这使得我母亲开始处理她自己的创伤)”可知，母亲在寻找帮助弟弟的方法时，接触到家庭治疗理论，认为改变自己作为家庭系统的一部分可能有助于解决弟弟的问题，所以开始处理自己的创伤。因此，作者母亲处理自己创伤的动机是相信改变自己可能有助于解决她儿子的问题。故选D。 【39题详解】 推理判断题。根据最后一段“Years into the journey, my mother now runs a nonprofit organization teaching thousands of Mandarin-speaking parents about conscious communication. At her recent workshop, heard my dad tell a parent, “I didn’t believe in therapy until my daughter told me that it’s like fixing a cavity (蛀牙洞) at the dentist, which makes a lot of sense to me now. Watching my family learn helped me see that I have room to grow, too.” (几年过去了，我母亲现在经营着一家非营利组织，向成千上万说普通话的父母教授有意识的沟通。在她最近的研讨会上，我听到我父亲对一位家长说：“我不相信心理治疗，直到我女儿告诉我，这就像在牙医那里补牙一样，这对我现在来说很有意义。看着我的家人学习，让我看到我也有成长的空间。”)”可知，文章结尾对文章进行总结，即通过家庭疗愈历程，强调家庭互动对心理健康的影响，比如母亲创办非营利组织、父亲观念转变等。由此可以推断文章的主要目的是强调家庭动态在心理健康和创伤康复中的作用。故选D。 (B) Staying Safe After a Disaster Although each type of disaster brings its own unique challenges, the steps listed here are applicable to many different situations you may face. For information on safety and recovery after specific types of disasters and emergencies, please visit https: // www.redcross.org/get-help/how-to-prepare-for-emergencies.html. →Some natural disasters, such as severe storms or earthquakes, may recur in the form of new storms or aftershocks over the next several days. Take all safety precautions in case the disaster strikes again. For an earthquake aftershock, remember to DROP, COVER and HOLD ON just like you did during the initial earthquake. →If you had to leave your home, return only when local authorities advise that it is safe to do so. Make a careful and thorough inspection of your home: ·Sniff for gas. If you detect natural gas or hear a hissing noise, leave the property immediately and get far away from it. Call the fire department after you reach safety. ·Beware of animals, such as rodents (啮齿动物), snakes, spiders and insects, that may have entered your home. If you suspect your home, tap loudly and often on the floor with a stick to give notice that you are there. Flooding and storms can create conditions in which disease -bearing mosquitoes can breed. Remove standing water (积水) where possible. If you can’t get rid of it, use a commercial product that kills mosquito larvae (幼虫) or apply a thin film of cooking oil on the water. Repeat the application within a few days if rain disturbs the film of oil. ·Water damage, either from a flood or in the aftermath of a fire, is not just unsanitary-it can also be dangerous. From wallboard to rugs, items that are not thoroughly dried can grow mold (霉菌). Keep the windows open and run fans so as to pull moisture out of wooden furniture. Throw out items that have absorbed water and cannot be cleaned or disinfected. →Disasters are upsetting experiences for everyone involved. Some people feel better after a few days, while others find that their stress does not go away as quickly as they would like it to. If you find yourself experiencing some of the feelings and reactions listed below for two weeks or longer, this may be a sign to reach out for additional assistance. ·Having difficulty in eating or sleeping; ·Feeling guilty, helpless or hopeless; ·Avoiding family and friends; ·Suffering from increased physical symptoms such as headaches or stomachaches. 40. You shouldn’t return home after a disaster if ______. A. the area is still suffering from aftershocks B. you find traces of wild animals around your house C. you catch a smell of gas as soon as you open the door D. your house has not been inspected by local authorities 41. Which of the following actions can cause harm to your health after a flood? A. Throwing away tissues before using them. B Drying out soft items before using them. C. Driving off hidden animals before moving in again. D. Leaving standing water that can’t be removed where it is. 42. Which of the following survivors need to reach out for the additional assistance mentioned in the last paragraph? A. Peter, who lost contact with his family and best friends. B. Vivian, who found herself in low spirits within the first week of the disaster. C. Libby, who constantly woke up at midnight from bad dreams months after a disaster. D. David, who had no idea how to thoroughly disinfect his house and has been feeling overwhelmed by the cleanup process. 【答案】40. D 41. D 42. C 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇应用文。文章介绍了一些自然灾难过去后面对安全问题及如何恢复正常生活的一些建议。 【40题详解】 细节理解题。根据第三段“If you had to leave your home, return only when local authorities advise that it is safe to do so.(如果你不得不离开你的家，只有在当地政府建议安全的时候才回家)”可知，灾难发生离开家后，必须经当地权威机构确认安全后才可返回自己的家。故选D项。 【41题详解】 细节理解题。根据第五段“Flooding and storms can create conditions in which disease-bearing mosquitoes can breed. Remove standing water where possible.(洪水和暴风雨会为携带疾病的蚊子的繁殖创造条件。尽可能清除积水)”可知，如果积水无法清除，可能会导致蚊虫滋生，从而危害健康。故选D项。 【42题详解】 推理判断题。根据第七段“If you find yourself experiencing some of the feelings and reactions listed below for two weeks or longer, this may be a sign to reach out for additional assistance.(如果你发现自己经历了下面列出的一些感觉和反应，持续了两周或更长时间，这可能是一个寻求额外帮助的信号)”及下面“Having difficulty in eating or sleeping(进食或睡眠困难的)”可知，C项中的Libby在灾后数月仍因噩梦而频繁醒来，符合需要寻求帮助的条件。故选C项。 (C) Teens Are Still Developing Empathy Skills The teen years are often fraught with door-slamming, eye-rolling and seeming insensitivity even by kids who behaved kindly before. Some parents worry that they are doing something wrong or that their children will never think of anyone but themselves. A six -year study shows that biology is partly to blame. In adolescence, critical social skills that are needed for one to feel concern for other people and to understand how they think are undergoing major changes. Adolescence has long been known as prime time for developing cognitive skills (认知能力) for self-regulation and executive function (执行功能). “Cognitive empathy,” or the mental ability to take others’ perspective, begins to rise steadily in girls at the age of 13, according to the study co-authored by Jolien van der Graaff at Utrecht University in the Netherlands. By comparison, boys do not begin until the age of 15 to show increases in perspective-taking, which helps in problem -solving and avoiding conflict. Adolescent boys actually show a temporary decline, between the ages of 13 and 16, in a related skill — “affective empathy (情感同理心),” or the ability to recognize and respond to others’ feelings. This may be the result, at least in part, of a dramatic rise in testosterone (睾酮), the primary male sex hormone, during adolescence, which sparks a desire for dominance and power. Fortunately, the boys’ sensitivity recovers in their late teens. Girls affective empathy remains relatively high and stable throughout adolescence. This doesn’t mean, however, that we can do nothing but just wait for teenagers to develop a feeling of empathy. In fact, parents can help instill affective empathy into their children. Affective empathy is grounded in the limbic region (边缘区) of the brain, which regulates emotions. This capacity begins to develop in infancy. Children learn to practice empathy by watching their parents and by experiencing it themselves-being well treated by adults who sensitively respond to their emotions. While cognitive empathy arises from a different part of the brain called the medial prefrontal cortex (内侧前额叶皮层), the two abilities are linked. Children’s affective empathy predicts their level of cognitive empathy as teens, says Caspar Van Lissa at Utrecht University. The findings reflect a major expansion in researchers’ understanding of cognitive growth during adolescence. They used to believe that both forms of empathy were fully formed in childhood. Now, it is clear that “the brain regions that support social cognition, which helps us successfully understand and interact with others, continue to change dramatically”, in our teens, says Jennifer Pfeifer at the University of Oregon. Research in her lab also suggests that cognitive empathy rises in teens. The discoveries serve as a new lens for exploring such teen behavior as bullying and drug abuse. 43. Teenage boys are less likely to put themselves in other people’s shoes ______. A. until the age of 15 B. in their late teens C. during adolescence D. between the ages of 13 and 16 44. Adolescent boys tend to ignore the feelings of another person partly because ______. A. they are born with a natural desire for dominance and power B. their affective empathy becomes unstable during adolescence C. they think being sensitive and caring is seen as uncool for guys D. their emotional reactions are highly influenced by peer pressure 45. Which of the following kids is most likely to grow more empathetic during their adolescence? A. Mike, raised by his grandparents who only care if he’s hungry. B. Jack, raised by parents who buy anything he wants to keep him quiet. C. Leila, raised by parents who properly guide her through her emotions. D. Carla, raised by parents who always ask her to handle her feelings on her own. 46. Which of the following statements about the study co-authored by Graaff is NOT true? A. It took her team a long time to reach their conclusions. B. It was the first of its kind to have studied teen empathy. C. Its findings were supported by Jennifer Pfeifer’s research. D. It will pave the way for further research on some typical teen behavior. 【答案】43. A 44. B 45. C 46. B 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了青少年之所以发脾气，与其生理因素有一定的关系，他们仍在发展同理心技能。 【43题详解】 细节理解题。根据第三段中““Cognitive empathy,” or the mental ability to take others’ perspective, begins to rise steadily in girls at the age of 13, according to the study co-authored by Jolien van der Graaff at Utrecht University in the Netherlands. By comparison, boys do not begin until the age of 15 to show increases in perspective-taking, which helps in problem -solving and avoiding conflict.( 荷兰乌得勒支大学（Utrecht University）的乔利恩·范德格拉夫（joolien van der Graaff）与人合著的这项研究表明，女孩的“认知同理心”，即站在他人角度思考的心理能力，在13岁时开始稳步上升。相比之下，男孩直到15岁才开始表现出换位思考的能力，这有助于解决问题和避免冲突。)”可知，男孩直到 15 岁才开始在换位思考能力上有所提升，也就是说在 15 岁之前，青少年男孩不太可能设身处地为他人着想。故选A项。 【44题详解】 细节理解题。根据第四段中“Adolescent boys actually show a temporary decline, between the ages of 13 and 16, in a related skill — “affective empathy (情感同理心),” or the ability to recognize and respond to others’ feelings. This may be the result, at least in part, of a dramatic rise in testosterone (睾酮), the primary male sex hormone, during adolescence, which sparks a desire for dominance and power.( 青春期男孩在13岁到16岁之间，在一项相关技能——“情感同理心”，或识别并回应他人感受的能力上，实际上会出现暂时的衰退。这可能是青春期男性主要性激素睾丸激素急剧上升的结果，至少在一定程度上是这样，睾丸激素会激发对统治和权力的渴望。)”可知，青春期男孩在13到16岁期间情感同理心会暂时下降，这导致他们倾向于忽视他人的感受，也就是说他们的情感同理心在青春期变得不稳定。故选B项。 【45题详解】 推理判断题。根据第五段中“Children learn to practice empathy by watching their parents and by experiencing it themselves-being well treated by adults who sensitively respond to their emotions.( 孩子们通过观察他们的父母和亲身体验来学习同理心——被那些对他们的情绪敏感的成年人善待。)”可知，孩子通过观察父母以及自己经历被成人敏感地回应情绪来学习共情。C 选项中 Leila 的父母适当地引导她处理情绪，符合能让孩子更有共情能力的条件。故选C项。 【46题详解】 细节理解题。根据第一段中“A six -year study shows that biology is partly to blame.( 一项为期六年的研究表明，生物学是部分原因。)”可知，她的团队花了很长时间（六年）得出结论，A 项正确；根据最后一段中“Research in her lab also suggests that cognitive empathy rises in teens.( 她实验室的研究还表明，青少年的认知同理心会增强。)”可知，Jennifer Pfeifer的研究支持了Graaff的研究发现，即认知同理心在青少年时期会上升，C项正确；根据最后一段中“The discoveries serve as a new lens for exploring such teen behavior as bullying and drug abuse.( 这些发现为探索欺凌和滥用药物等青少年行为提供了新的视角。)”可知，这些发现将为进一步研究一些典型的青少年行为（如欺凌和药物滥用）铺平道路，D项正确；文中并没有提及这是第一个研究青少年同理心的研究，B项“the first of its kind”说法错误。故选B项。 Section C Directions: Read the following passage. Fill in each blank with a proper sentence given in the box. Each sentence can be used only once. Note that there are two more sentences than you need. Why Do Cats Love Boxes So Much? There is an object that’s pretty much guaranteed to arouse your cat’s interest. That object, as the Internet has so thoroughly documented, is a box. Any box, really. Like many other really strange things cats do, science hasn’t fully cracked this particular feline (猫科的) mystery. ____47____ In fact, when you look at all the evidence together, it could be that your cat may not just like boxes, he may need them. The box-and-whisker plot Understanding the feline mind is extremely difficult. Still, there’s a sizable amount of behavioral research on cats who are, well, used for other kinds of research. These studies have been taking place for more than 50 years and they make one thing quite clear: ____48____ This is likely true for a number of reasons, but for cats in stressful situations, a box or some other type of separate enclosure can have a strong impact on both their behavior and physiology. Ethologist Claudia Vinke of Utrecht University in the Netherlands is one of the latest researchers to study stress levels in shelter cats. Working with domestic cats in a Dutch animal shelter, Vinke provided hiding boxes for a group of newly arrived cats while keeping another group from them entirely. ____49____ In effect, the cats with boxes got used to their new surroundings faster, were far less stressed early on, and were more interested in interacting with humans. The ‘If it fits, I sits’ principle Some feline observers will note that in addition to boxes, many cats seem to pick other odd places to relax. Some curl up in a bathroom sink. ____50____ This brings us to the other reason why your cat may like particularly small boxes: It’s really cold out. So there you have it: Boxes are insulating stress-relieving, comfort zones—places where cats can hide, relax, sleep, and occasionally launch a surprise attack against the huge, unpredictable apes they live with. A. Your furry companion obtains comfort and security from enclosed spaces. B. Others prefer shoes, bowls, shopping bags, coffee mugs, empty egg cartons, and other small, enclosed spaces. C. She found a significant difference in stress levels between cats that had the boxes and those that didn’t. D. A box, in this sense, can often represent a safe zone, a place where sources of anxiety, hostility (恶意), and unwanted attention simply disappear. E. So rather than work things out, cats tend to simply run away from their problems or avoid them altogether. F. Thankfully, behavioral biologists and veterinarians have come up with a few interesting explanations. 【答案】47. F 48. A 49. C 50. B 【解析】 【导语】本是一篇说明文。主要介绍了猫喜欢盒子的原因。 【47题详解】 上文“Like many other really strange things cats do, science hasn’t fully cracked this particular feline (猫科的) mystery. (就像猫做的许多其他非常奇怪的事情一样，科学还没有完全破解这种特殊的神秘的猫科动物)”说明猫科动物很神秘，与空格处是转折关系，因此F项“值得庆幸的是，行为生物学家和兽医提出了一些有趣的解释”符合语境，故选F。 【48题详解】 下文“This is likely true for a number of reasons, but for cats in stressful situations, a box or some other type of separate enclosure can have a strong impact on both their behavior and physiology.(这可能有很多原因，但对于处于压力环境中的猫来说，一个盒子或其他类型的单独围栏会对它们的行为和生理产生强烈影响。)”说明猫处于压力环境中需要有缓解压力的空间，因此A项“你的毛茸茸的同伴从封闭的空间中获得舒适和安全”符合语境，故选A。 【49题详解】 上文“Working with domestic cats in a Dutch animal shelter, Vinke provided hiding boxes for a group of newly arrived cats while keeping another group from them entirely. (Vinke在荷兰的一家动物收容所与家猫合作，为一群新来的猫提供了隐藏箱，同时让另一群猫完全远离它们)”说明的是Vinke做的实验，空格处是实验得出的结果，因此C项“她发现有盒子的猫和没有盒子的猫在压力水平上有显著差异”符合语境，故选C。 【50题详解】 上文“Some feline observers will note that in addition to boxes, many cats seem to pick other odd places to relax. (一些猫科动物观察者会注意到，除了盒子，许多猫似乎还会选择其他奇怪的地方放松。)”说明猫科动物喜欢的狭小的奇奇怪怪的空间，空格处是具体的奇怪的地方，因此B项“其他猫更喜欢鞋子、碗、购物袋、咖啡杯、空鸡蛋盒和其他小的封闭空间”符合语境，故选B。 III. Summary Writing 51. Directions: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point (s) of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible. Problems on the Production of Coffee Beans The production of coffee beans is a huge, profitable business, but, unfortunately, full -sun production is taking over the industry and bringing about a lot of damage. The change in how coffee is grown from shade -grown production to full -sun production endangers the very existence of certain animals and birds and even disturbs the world’s ecological balance. On a local level, the damage of the forest required by full -sun fields affects the area’s birds and animals. The shade of the forest trees provides a home for birds and other species that depend on the trees’ flowers and fruits. Full -sun coffee growers destroy this forest home. As a result, many species are quickly dying out. Moreover, the continued spread of full -sun coffee plantations could mean the destruction of the rainforest ecology. The loss of shade trees is already causing a slight change in the world’s climate, and studies show that loss of oxygen -giving trees also leads to air pollution and global warming. Besides, the new growing techniques are contributing to acidic soil conditions. On a more global level, the destruction of the rainforest for full -sun coffee fields also threatens human life. Medical research often makes use of the forests’ plant and animal life, and the destruction of such species could prevent researchers from finding cures for certain diseases. In addition, new coffee -growing techniques are poisoning the water locally and eventually the world’s groundwater. It is obvious that the way much coffee is grown affects many aspects of life, from the local environment to the global ecology. But consumers do have a choice. They can purchase shade -grown coffee whenever possible, although at a higher cost. The future health of the planet and mankind is surely worth more than an inexpensive cup of coffee. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】Full - sun production of coffee beans caused damage to some species, even the ecology. First, it destroys the habitats of local species. Moreover, with water poisoned and fewer species for medical research, people’s life is affected. The destruction of the rainforest ecology seems inevitable, accompanied by air pollution, global warming etc. Therefore, consumers are advised to buy shade - grown coffee. 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章指出咖啡豆的全日照生产损害了某些品种及生态。它破坏当地物种栖息地，影响人类生活（水中毒、医学研究物种减少），还破坏雨林生态致空气污染、全球变暖，故建议消费者买阴凉种植的咖啡。 【详解】1 要点摘录 ①The production of coffee beans is a huge, profitable business, but, unfortunately, full -sun production is taking over the industry and bringing about a lot of damage. ②On a local level, the damage of the forest required by full -sun fields affects the area’s birds and animals. Moreover, the continued spread of full -sun coffee plantations could mean the destruction of the rainforest ecology. ③On a more global level, the destruction of the rainforest for full -sun coffee fields also threatens human life. ④They can purchase shade -grown coffee whenever possible, although at a higher cost. 2.缜密构思将第1、2两个要点进行重组，将第3、4两个要点进行整合。 3.遣词造句 Full sun production of coffee beans has caused damage to some varieties and even ecology. In addition, people’s lives are affected due to water poisoning and the reduction of species used for medical research. The destruction of rainforest ecology seems inevitable, accompanied by air pollution, global warming and so on. 【点睛】[高分句型1] The destruction of the rainforest ecology seems inevitable, accompanied by air pollution, global warming etc.（运用了非谓语动词中的过去分词作后置定语修饰The destruction of the rainforest ecology。） [高分句型2]Moreover, with water poisoned and fewer species for medical research, people’s life is affected .（运用了with的介词短语作状语以及被动语态结构。） IV. Translation Directions: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets. 52. 想到睡在帐篷的硬地上，野营就没那么诱人了。(thought) （汉译英） 【答案】The thought of sleeping on the hard ground of the tent makes camping less attractive. 【解析】 【详解】考查时态和非谓语以及形容词。根据汉语可知，想到睡在帐篷的硬地上为The thought of sleeping on the hard ground of the tent ，谓语动词选择make表示让，使的意思，使用一般现在时，野营camping做宾语，没那么诱人作为野营的补语，译为less attractive放在camping的后面作宾补，故翻译为The thought of sleeping on the hard ground of the tent makes camping less attractive。 53. 村子里弃用已久的一处旧仓库被改造成了饭店。 (turn) ________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】An old warehouse that had been out of use for a long time in the village was converted into a restaurant. 【解析】 【详解】考查时态和固定短语和从句。先翻译句子主干，句子主语“一处旧仓库”An old warehouse，an位于句首首字母大写，“被改造成”be converted into，句子描述过去发生的动作应用一般过去时，单数名词作主语be用was，“饭店”a restaurant，然后用that引导限制性定语从句表示“村子里弃用已久的”，that指代先行词An old warehouse，在从句中作主语，“不用”be out of use，该动作发生在“被改造”之前，表示过去的过去，应用过去完成时，“很久”for a long time，“村子里”in the village。故翻译为An old warehouse that had been out of use for a long time in the village was converted into a restaurant. 54. 任何人仅凭记单词是不可能考出好成绩的，更不用说具有和外国人交流的能力了。 (only) ________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】No one can achieve good grades only by memorizing words, let alone acquire the ability to communicate with foreigners. 【解析】 【详解】考查固定结构，动词，复习，介词，名词。描述客观事实用一般现在时。“仅凭”译为only by，强调单一方式。“记单词”用动名词短语memorize words，“仅凭记单词”则为by merely memorizing words，“考出好成绩”译为achieve good grades，固定短语“let alone”用于递进否定，后接动词原形“具备”即acquire"。英语中“能力”常接不定式，即ability to do，“与……交流”译为communicate with，“和外国人交流的能力”则为the ability to communicate with foreigners。主语“No one”表达否定即“任何人”，将以上词块整合成句子，故答案为：No one can achieve good grades only by memorizing words, let alone acquire the ability to communicate with foreigners. 55. 这个博物馆的奇妙之处在于将乡村的变迁，时光的痕迹，童年的回忆，融合到一个固定的空间里。 (what)（汉译英） ________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】What makes this museum wonderful is that it integrates the changes in the countryside, the marks of time, and the memories of childhood into a fixed space. 【解析】 【详解】考查主语从句和短语。此处引导主语从句，从句缺少主语，指物，用what；表示“使……”可用make+宾语+宾补，宾语为this museum，形容词wonderful作宾补；后跟表语从句，从句不缺少成分或句意故用that引导；主语为it；表示“融合”用integrate…into…；表示“乡村的变迁”为the changes in the countryside；表示“时光的痕迹”为the marks of time；表示“童年的回忆”为the memories of childhood；表示“一个固定的空间里”为a fixed space。陈述事实用一般现在时。故翻译为What makes this museum wonderful is that it integrates the changes in the countryside, the marks of time, and the memories of childhood into a fixed space. 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 2024学年第二学期阶段练习 高三英语试卷 考试时间：105分钟 满分：115分 I. Grammar and Vocabulary Section A Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank. Dear Anxious Bunny, I fully understand how debilitating it can feel ____1____ (be) aware of the work you need to do but simply not be able to find the motivation to get started. I also understand the feelings of shame and guilt ____2____ often accompany this internal conflict. But before I give you any practical advice or strategies to deal with your stress I want to emphasize the importance of not beating yourself up for letting your work pile up; negative self-talk is only going to increase your anxiety. You wouldn’t be human ____3____ you didn’t feel a lack of motivation at times. When you feel demotivated, try taking a small step in the right direction by choosing any one of the tasks you need to finish and starting working on it, ____4____ your feelings. This may sound redundant, but fighting the impulse to not get started because of your lack of motivation ____5____ be exactly what you need to do in order to find motivation. Once you start completing a task that you ____6____ (put off) for days or even weeks, there’s a fair chance that you’ll realize it didn’t even take you that long to complete. Then you can use that experience as evidence that you’re able to complete your tasks by simply choosing to get started instead of giving in to your lack of motivation. This is easier said than done, but I find breaking down work into small parts rather than attempting to tackle ____7____ all at once helps to ease your anxiety and stress. If you’d prefer a more unconventional strategy, try taking a 15-minute walk, whether it outside or just around your house. Many doctors believe ____8____ this exercise may boost flowing to your brain, which can help you calm your nerves and clear your head so that you’ll feel ready to get down to doing your work. But if there seems to be ____9____ ongoing problem with your motivation, and you feel overwhelmed to the point where you struggle to get out of bed or keep a regular eating schedule, it may be time to seek help from a mental health professional. Also, don’t hesitate to reach out to your teachers for help. ____10____ (prioritize) your mental health is a crucial part of your ability to be the best student you can be. Take care of yourself, Anxious Bunny. Bianca Section B Directions: Fill in each blank with a proper word chosen from the box. Each word can be used only once. Note that there is one word more than you need. A．attributed B．dominated C．struggling D．smashing E．preciously F．storm G．adaptations H．erupted I．outpaced J．enthusiasm K．previously An unruly Chinese boy who battles dragons and defies destiny has made his way to Western cinema screens after ____11____ box office records in China. The phenomenal success of “Ne Zha” — a rare bright spot in China’s otherwise slowing box office amid a ____12____ economy — has sparked a wave of national pride with audiences, state media and officials rushing to celebrate the landmark achievement. For decades, China’s movie market had been ____13____ by Hollywood blockbusters. But in recent years, homegrown titles — in genres from action and sci-fi to romance and animation — have increasingly ____14____ Western films, a pivot fueled by rising cultural pride, more sophisticated storytelling and rapid technological progress. For a new generation of Chinese filmmakers and audiences, the reasoning is clear: If China’s own talent can deliver high-quality ____15____ of the legends they grew up with, why rely on Western studios to tell Chinese stories? Following its record-breaking run in China, “Ne Zha” has taken the overseas cinema by ____16____, with wide releases in Australia and New Zealand on Thursday and North America on Friday. It became an instant hit among the Chinese diaspora (移民社群) — many rushed to snap up presale tickets days in advance and lined up for its premiere (首映式)。 “Even those who weren’t ____17____ interested in anime, like me, are drawn to this movie because of the ____18____ and glowing word of mouth in China,” said Summer Wang, a data analyst who attended the film’s premiere in Los Angeles. Stephanie Zhan, 30, a jewelry sales manager in Sydney, spent an hour getting to a cinema in a severe thunderstorm to watch “Ne Zha”. “The audience, mostly of Chinese descent, ____19____ in applause at the end of the screening.” “The success of the film can be _______20_______ to its innovative animation style and visual effects,” she said. “It had a complete story with nuanced emotions, funny moments, and the fight scenes were spectacular,” she added, “I feel hopeful about domestic films now.” II. Reading Comprehension Section A Directions: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context. DeepSeek a breakthrough but bottlenecks remain DeepSeek ____21____ its general large model DeepSeek-R1 last month, which attracted global attention with its low cost and high performance. The model’s training costs were 10 percent of the industry benchmark (基准) using far less computing power resources than those of its international peers. This offers a new solution for breaking through the Western-dominated AI development model of relying on high ____22____ to make breakthroughs. At the same time, DeepSeek has ____23____ a completely open source strategy, disclosing algorithms, model weights and training details, so that global developers can learn from, improve and deploy models. The open source ecosystem helps to attract more developers and users to participate, promotes technology iteration, and is expected to change the ____24____ competition landscape. ____25____ these breakthroughs, it should also be noted that China’s original AI innovation still has a long way to go. China’s data infrastructure system construction is still in its ____26____, the data acquisition and exchange mechanism is not yet sound, industry data and public data are difficult to obtain and access, and the data available for large models is limited. ____27____, data annotation (注释) is the basis for the supply of high-quality data. Due to the shortage of professional annotation talents, the quality of data annotation in China needs to be improved, especially in areas such as medical care and autonomous driving where development needs are ____28____ and the professional requirements are high. From a global perspective, the influence of Chinese domestic large models such as DeepSeek in the global technology ecosystem is still in its early stage. From a ____29____ perspective, the entire industry chain of China’s AI development from basic research to technological innovation to scenario application has not yet been fully opened. The flow of factors such as technology, capital, data and talents that support the iterative (迭代的) development of large models is still _____30_____. To this end, AI basic research and technological innovation should be continuously strengthened. The country should _____31_____ the construction of national strategic scientific and technological forces in the field of AI, promote the cross-integration of AI with basic _____32_____ such as mathematics, physics and brain science, and improve basic AI research. It should encourage open source AI technology, focus on open source projects, and promote open source contributors, service providers, users, operators and other entities to _____33_____ promote AI technology innovation. The authorities should provide more support to help cultivate and strengthen AI start-ups and provide scientific references for governments and financial institutions to _____34_____ identify potential and high-value AI start-ups. The country needs to _____35_____ its advantages in massive data and rich application scenarios, organize the advantages of scientific research institutions, leading technology companies, etc., focus on key vertical segments such as intelligent manufacturing and autonomous driving, and coordinate the layout of the large model industry application innovation engineering centers. 21. A. restrained B. released C. recognized D. revised 22. A. outcomes B. incomes C. inputs D. outputs 23. A. abandoned B. achieved C. acknowledged D. adopted 24. A. all-inclusive B. winner-takes-all C. equal-opportunity D. hands-off 25. A. In addition to B. Considering C. Despite D. Because of 26 A. infancy B. maturity C. growth D. adolescence 27. A. As a result B. At the same time C. On the other hand D. In other words 28. A. urgent B. critical C. occasional D. usual 29. A. local B. global C. regional D. domestic 30. A. controlled B. blocked C. initiated D. expanded 31 A. accelerate B. delay C. hinder D. maintain 32. A. experiments B. technologies C. disciplines D. areas 33. A. separately B. freely C. closely D. jointly 34. A. quickly B. vaguely C. accurately D. roughly 35. A. give rise to B. give play to C. give credit to D. give in to II. Reading Comprehension Section B Directions: Read the following passage. The passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read. (A) Healing the Whole Family For a long time, I didn’t know about depression and anxiety, and the adults around me never suspected, because I looked like I had it all together: perfect SAT (美国学业能力倾向测验) score, ten AP (大学先修课程) tests aced, national awards won, president of clubs, dedicated volunteer, and founder of a nonprofit. When I burst into tears, my father would yell at me to stop crying. And when I shared my negative thoughts with my mother, she called me selfish. I felt unworthy of their love until I was perfect beyond criticism. I attended Yale (耶鲁大学) as a first-generation student supported through financial aid, worked at McKinsey, one of the world’s largest consulting firms, and received two master’s degrees from Stanford (斯坦福大学) . My fears of not being good enough seem groundless now, but perhaps were understandable given my upbringing. Raised by neglectful and abusive parents, my parents had scars they dared not uncover even for themselves to see. No one had taught them to address those traumas and to avoid repeating them through anxiety-filled parenting. I cannot remember a time when my home was worry-free. I learned early that any moment without worry was idle. When my grandmother died in my freshman year of college, my mother chose to “get on with” her life, focusing on raising my brother. For years after, my brother struggled with his weight and schoolwork to the point of near expulsion (开除) from school. As my mother looked for ways to help my brother, she came across Virginia Satir’s family therapy. Satir saw every family as a system. Changing one part changes the whole thing. This made my mother start processing her own traumas. So did I. During college, I sought counseling and studied wellness. I began to keep a diary to overcome my past’s shadow. In my final year, I told my family I had seen a therapist, and that it had helped. My family was surprised to find out my mental health challenges were “bad enough” to lead me to seek help. It was hard on my parents, who are part of a generation focused on survival rather than wellness, to hear how their parenting had made a lasting impact on me. It took much time and effort for my parents to shift away from the mindset they had grown up with. Years into the journey, my mother now runs a nonprofit organization teaching thousands of Mandarin-speaking parents about conscious communication. At her recent workshop, heard my dad tell a parent, “I didn’t believe in therapy until my daughter told me that it’s like fixing a cavity (蛀牙洞) at the dentist, which makes a lot of sense to me now. Watching my family learn helped me see that I have room to grow, too.” 36. The author mentioned all her achievements to ______. A. show her parents played a role in her education B. invite readers to rethink the definition of success C prove that she is qualified to be critical about her family D. highlight that achievements don’t guarantee emotional well-being 37. Paragraph 3 mainly talks about ______. A. the upbringing of the author’s parents B. the root cause of the author’s anxieties C. the common stereotype of Asian students D. the problems involved with anxiety-filled parenting 38. What motivated the author’s mother to deal with her own traumas? A. The focus on her own wellness. B. The sorrow brought by the death of her own mother. C. The fact that her daughter was diagnosed with depression. D. The belief that changing herself might help address her son’s issues. 39 Which of the following best describes the purpose of the article? A. To analyze the generational differences in attitudes towards wellness. B. To record how the author came to understand and forgive her parents. C. To show the author’s personal struggles of overcoming depression and anxiety. D. To emphasize the role of family dynamics in mental health and trauma recovery. (B) Staying Safe After a Disaster Although each type of disaster brings its own unique challenges, the steps listed here are applicable to many different situations you may face. For information on safety and recovery after specific types of disasters and emergencies, please visit https: // www.redcross.org/get-help/how-to-prepare-for-emergencies.html. →Some natural disasters, such as severe storms or earthquakes, may recur in the form of new storms or aftershocks over the next several days. Take all safety precautions in case the disaster strikes again. For an earthquake aftershock, remember to DROP, COVER and HOLD ON just like you did during the initial earthquake. →If you had to leave your home, return only when local authorities advise that it is safe to do so. Make a careful and thorough inspection of your home: ·Sniff for gas. If you detect natural gas or hear a hissing noise, leave the property immediately and get far away from it. Call the fire department after you reach safety. ·Beware of animals, such as rodents (啮齿动物), snakes, spiders and insects, that may have entered your home. If you suspect your home, tap loudly and often on the floor with a stick to give notice that you are there. Flooding and storms can create conditions in which disease -bearing mosquitoes can breed. Remove standing water (积水) where possible. If you can’t get rid of it, use a commercial product that kills mosquito larvae (幼虫) or apply a thin film of cooking oil on the water. Repeat the application within a few days if rain disturbs the film of oil. ·Water damage, either from a flood or in the aftermath of a fire, is not just unsanitary-it can also be dangerous. From wallboard to rugs, items that are not thoroughly dried can grow mold (霉菌). Keep the windows open and run fans so as to pull moisture out of wooden furniture. Throw out items that have absorbed water and cannot be cleaned or disinfected. →Disasters are upsetting experiences for everyone involved. Some people feel better after a few days, while others find that their stress does not go away as quickly as they would like it to. If you find yourself experiencing some of the feelings and reactions listed below for two weeks or longer, this may be a sign to reach out for additional assistance. ·Having difficulty in eating or sleeping; ·Feeling guilty, helpless or hopeless; ·Avoiding family and friends; ·Suffering from increased physical symptoms such as headaches or stomachaches. 40. You shouldn’t return home after a disaster if ______. A. the area is still suffering from aftershocks B. you find traces of wild animals around your house C. you catch a smell of gas as soon as you open the door D. your house has not been inspected by local authorities 41. Which of the following actions can cause harm to your health after a flood? A. Throwing away tissues before using them. B. Drying out soft items before using them. C. Driving off hidden animals before moving in again. D. Leaving standing water that can’t be removed where it is. 42. Which of the following survivors need to reach out for the additional assistance mentioned in the last paragraph? A. Peter, who lost contact with his family and best friends. B. Vivian, who found herself in low spirits within the first week of the disaster. C. Libby, who constantly woke up at midnight from bad dreams months after a disaster. D. David, who had no idea how to thoroughly disinfect his house and has been feeling overwhelmed by the cleanup process. (C) Teens Are Still Developing Empathy Skills The teen years are often fraught with door-slamming, eye-rolling and seeming insensitivity even by kids who behaved kindly before. Some parents worry that they are doing something wrong or that their children will never think of anyone but themselves. A six -year study shows that biology is partly to blame. In adolescence, critical social skills that are needed for one to feel concern for other people and to understand how they think are undergoing major changes. Adolescence has long been known as prime time for developing cognitive skills (认知能力) for self-regulation and executive function (执行功能). “Cognitive empathy,” or the mental ability to take others’ perspective, begins to rise steadily in girls at the age of 13, according to the study co-authored by Jolien van der Graaff at Utrecht University in the Netherlands. By comparison, boys do not begin until the age of 15 to show increases in perspective-taking, which helps in problem -solving and avoiding conflict. Adolescent boys actually show a temporary decline, between the ages of 13 and 16, in a related skill — “affective empathy (情感同理心),” or the ability to recognize and respond to others’ feelings. This may be the result, at least in part, of a dramatic rise in testosterone (睾酮), the primary male sex hormone, during adolescence, which sparks a desire for dominance and power. Fortunately, the boys’ sensitivity recovers in their late teens. Girls affective empathy remains relatively high and stable throughout adolescence. This doesn’t mean, however, that we can do nothing but just wait for teenagers to develop a feeling of empathy. In fact, parents can help instill affective empathy into their children. Affective empathy is grounded in the limbic region (边缘区) of the brain, which regulates emotions. This capacity begins to develop in infancy. Children learn to practice empathy by watching their parents and by experiencing it themselves-being well treated by adults who sensitively respond to their emotions. While cognitive empathy arises from a different part of the brain called the medial prefrontal cortex (内侧前额叶皮层), the two abilities are linked. Children’s affective empathy predicts their level of cognitive empathy as teens, says Caspar Van Lissa at Utrecht University. The findings reflect a major expansion in researchers’ understanding of cognitive growth during adolescence. They used to believe that both forms of empathy were fully formed in childhood. Now, it is clear that “the brain regions that support social cognition, which helps us successfully understand and interact with others, continue to change dramatically”, in our teens, says Jennifer Pfeifer at the University of Oregon. Research in her lab also suggests that cognitive empathy rises in teens. The discoveries serve as a new lens for exploring such teen behavior as bullying and drug abuse. 43. Teenage boys are less likely to put themselves in other people’s shoes ______. A. until the age of 15 B. in their late teens C. during adolescence D. between the ages of 13 and 16 44. Adolescent boys tend to ignore the feelings of another person partly because ______. A. they are born with a natural desire for dominance and power B. their affective empathy becomes unstable during adolescence C. they think being sensitive and caring is seen as uncool for guys D. their emotional reactions are highly influenced by peer pressure 45. Which of the following kids is most likely to grow more empathetic during their adolescence? A. Mike, raised by his grandparents who only care if he’s hungry. B. Jack, raised by parents who buy anything he wants to keep him quiet. C. Leila, raised by parents who properly guide her through her emotions. D. Carla, raised by parents who always ask her to handle her feelings on her own. 46. Which of the following statements about the study co-authored by Graaff is NOT true? A. It took her team a long time to reach their conclusions. B. It was the first of its kind to have studied teen empathy. C. Its findings were supported by Jennifer Pfeifer’s research. D. It will pave the way for further research on some typical teen behavior. Section C Directions: Read the following passage. Fill in each blank with a proper sentence given in the box. Each sentence can be used only once. Note that there are two more sentences than you need. Why Do Cats Love Boxes So Much? There is an object that’s pretty much guaranteed to arouse your cat’s interest. That object, as the Internet has so thoroughly documented, is a box. Any box, really. Like many other really strange things cats do, science hasn’t fully cracked this particular feline (猫科的) mystery. ____47____ In fact, when you look at all the evidence together, it could be that your cat may not just like boxes, he may need them. The box-and-whisker plot Understanding the feline mind is extremely difficult. Still, there’s a sizable amount of behavioral research on cats who are, well, used for other kinds of research. These studies have been taking place for more than 50 years and they make one thing quite clear: ____48____ This is likely true for a number of reasons, but for cats in stressful situations, a box or some other type of separate enclosure can have a strong impact on both their behavior and physiology. Ethologist Claudia Vinke of Utrecht University in the Netherlands is one of the latest researchers to study stress levels in shelter cats. Working with domestic cats in a Dutch animal shelter, Vinke provided hiding boxes for a group of newly arrived cats while keeping another group from them entirely. ____49____ In effect, the cats with boxes got used to their new surroundings faster, were far less stressed early on, and were more interested in interacting with humans. The ‘If it fits, I sits’ principle Some feline observers will note that in addition to boxes, many cats seem to pick other odd places to relax. Some curl up in a bathroom sink. ____50____ This brings us to the other reason why your cat may like particularly small boxes: It’s really cold out. So there you have it: Boxes are insulating, stress-relieving, comfort zones—places where cats can hide, relax, sleep, and occasionally launch a surprise attack against the huge, unpredictable apes they live with. A. Your furry companion obtains comfort and security from enclosed spaces. B. Others prefer shoes, bowls, shopping bags, coffee mugs, empty egg cartons, and other small, enclosed spaces. C. She found a significant difference in stress levels between cats that had the boxes and those that didn’t. D. A box, in this sense, can often represent a safe zone, a place where sources of anxiety, hostility (恶意), and unwanted attention simply disappear. E. So rather than work things out, cats tend to simply run away from their problems or avoid them altogether. F. Thankfully, behavioral biologists and veterinarians have come up with a few interesting explanations. III. Summary Writing 51. Directions: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point (s) of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible. Problems on the Production of Coffee Beans The production of coffee beans is a huge, profitable business, but, unfortunately, full -sun production is taking over the industry and bringing about a lot of damage. The change in how coffee is grown from shade -grown production to full -sun production endangers the very existence of certain animals and birds and even disturbs the world’s ecological balance. On a local level, the damage of the forest required by full -sun fields affects the area’s birds and animals. The shade of the forest trees provides a home for birds and other species that depend on the trees’ flowers and fruits. Full -sun coffee growers destroy this forest home. As a result, many species are quickly dying out. Moreover, the continued spread of full -sun coffee plantations could mean the destruction of the rainforest ecology. The loss of shade trees is already causing a slight change in the world’s climate, and studies show that loss of oxygen -giving trees also leads to air pollution and global warming. Besides, the new growing techniques are contributing to acidic soil conditions. On a more global level, the destruction of the rainforest for full -sun coffee fields also threatens human life. Medical research often makes use of the forests’ plant and animal life, and the destruction of such species could prevent researchers from finding cures for certain diseases. In addition, new coffee -growing techniques are poisoning the water locally and eventually the world’s groundwater. It is obvious that the way much coffee is grown affects many aspects of life, from the local environment to the global ecology. But consumers do have a choice. They can purchase shade -grown coffee whenever possible, although at a higher cost. The future health of the planet and mankind is surely worth more than an inexpensive cup of coffee. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ IV. Translation Directions: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets. 52. 想到睡在帐篷的硬地上，野营就没那么诱人了。(thought) （汉译英） 53. 村子里弃用已久的一处旧仓库被改造成了饭店。 (turn) ________________________________________________________________________________ 54. 任何人仅凭记单词是不可能考出好成绩的，更不用说具有和外国人交流的能力了。 (only) ________________________________________________________________________________ 55. 这个博物馆的奇妙之处在于将乡村的变迁，时光的痕迹，童年的回忆，融合到一个固定的空间里。 (what)（汉译英） ________________________________________________________________________________ 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$