Unit 3 Section Ⅰ Reading and Thinking(Word教参)-【精讲精练】2024-2025学年高中英语选择性必修第四册（人教版2019）

[对应学生用书P39] [对应学生用书P39] On reaching the ocean floor，we may see shrimps and other organisms around hydrothermal vents.These vents form in volcanically active areas，pouring mineral­rich fluids into the sea.Before the discovery of these creatures，it was thought that all life on the Earth obtained its energy from the sun.However，this discovery has revealed that life forms can obtain nutrients and energy from thermal sources.Knowing that life can exist in these extreme conditions has changed scientific opinion about the chances of there being life elsewhere in the universe.In addition to the vents and remarkable organisms，we cannot miss the Mariana Trench，located in the north­western part of the Pacific Ocean.Its deepest point，known as the Challenger Deep，is nearly 11，000 metres below sea level.You could place Mount Qomolangma in the Challenger Deep，and its top would still be more than 2，000 metres below the surface! While there is little life at such great depths，it is far from boring.Of the many strange geological formations to be found here are rock bridges which cross the Trench，some reaching a height of 2，500 metres above the Challenger Deep. 1．hydrothermal adj.热液的，高温水作用的 2．fluid n.流体，液体 adj.流畅优美的；易变的，不稳定的；流动的 3．far from远非；远远不 Section Ⅰ　Reading and Thinking [对应学生用书P40] 1．Match the main idea with each part. A．The sea exploration in ancient China. B．The sea exploration in today's China. C．The reasons to explore other places. D．The exploration in the future. Part 1(Para.1)：________ Part 2(Paras.2－3)：________ Part 3(Paras.4－5): ________ Part 4(Para.6)：________ 答案　Part 1.C　Part 2.A　Part 3.B　Part 4.D 2．What's the main idea of this passage? It's about the reason，history and future of China's exploring the sea. Choose the best answer according to the text. 1．Why did merchants and explorers try to explore the seas across the world? A．They liked to do it. B．They are forced to do it. C．They needed to complete the world map. D．They were inspired by Marco Polo. 2．What's the author's attitude towards Zheng He? A．Critical. B．Supportive. C．Indifferent. D．Doubtful. 3．Why did China start the Belt and Road Initiative? A．To sell tea to the western countries. B．To make business with neighbouring countries. C．To spread Chinese cultures to other countries. D．To strengthen the bonds between China and other countries. 4．How is the text developed? A．By time. B．By space. C．By process. D．By comparison. 答案　1～4　CBDA 1．细读文章并找出描写“丝绸之路”路线的句子。 ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ 答案　In ancient times，silk from China found its way overland to India，the Middle East，and Rome，along what became known as the Silk Road. 2．细读文章并找出描写郑和航海路线的句子。 ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ 答案　Under the command of Zheng He，they set sail from the South China Sea across the Indian Ocean to the mouth of the Red Sea，and then to the east coast of Africa. 3．细读文章并找出描写“21世纪海上丝绸之路”目的的句子。 ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ 答案　The aim of this initiative is to encourage cooperation and trade across the historic Silk Road areas，and strengthen the bonds between China and the rest of the world. [核心词汇·练透][对应学生用书P41] extend vt.扩展；使伸长；延长 (1)extend ...to　延长到 extend ...by 延长了 extend one's thanks to sb 向某人表示感谢 (2)extension n. 延长，延伸，扩展 extensive adj. 广阔的；广泛的；巨大的 [经典佳句]　I would like to extend my thanks to all our teachers，parents and families，who have done so much for us over the years. (应用文之感谢信) 我要向所有的老师、家长和家人表示感谢，这些年来为我们付出了很多。 [即时训练]　单句语法填空/完成句子 ①Hearing that our holiday would be extended (extend) by two days，we couldn't conceal our inner excitement and jumped for joy. ②If you are in need of a deadline extension(extend)，simply explain the situation to us. ③即使他身处困境，他也会向我伸出援手，因此，我要向他表示衷心的感谢。 Even if he is in trouble，he will extend his helping hand to me．So I would like to extend my heartfelt gratitude to him． negotiate vt.商定；达成(协议) vi.谈判；磋商；协商 (1)negotiate with sb for/about sth＝negotiate sth with sb　与某人商议/谈判某事 negotiate an agreement/a contract 商定协议/合同 (2) negotiation n. 谈判；磋商；协商 under negotiation 在商讨中 [经典佳句]　Participating in extra­curricular activities enables us to learn to negotiate and cooperate with fellow students. 参加课外活动可以让我们学习如何与同学进行协商与合作。 [即时训练]　单句语法填空/完成句子 ①The two sides have yet to show their willingnessto negotiate (negotiate). ②Nowadays countries all over the world have entered into negotiations (negotiate)with each other concerning how to protect oceans more efficiently. ③您为什么不直接与他进行协商，一劳永逸地解决这个问题？ Why don't you negotiate directly with him and solve this issue once and for all? in hand　在手头；可供使用；在处理中；在控制中 at hand　近在手边，在附近 at first hand 第一手地；亲自 by hand 用手工 hand in hand 手挽手 [经典佳句]　Having enough data in hand，the merchant began to exploit the market as scheduled. 手头有了足够的资料，这个商人开始按计划开拓市场了。 [即时训练]　单句语法填空/完成句子 ①To make it easier to get in touch with us，you'd better keep this card at hand. ②俗话说，成功与失败如影随形。 As the old saying goes，success and failure always go hand in hand． ③在那里，你会发现它们的制作方式不同——更多的汤包和更少的汤，而且包子皮是手工压的，而不是擀的。(2023·新课标Ⅰ卷) There，you'll find them prepared differently—more dumpling and less soup，and the wrappers are pressed by hand rather than rolled. [重点句型·通关][对应学生用书P42] 教材原句：In ancient times，silk from China found its way overland to India，the Middle East，and Rome，along what became known as the Silk Road. 在古代，中国丝绸经由一条陆路运到印度、中东和罗马，这条路就是有名的“丝绸之路”。 [句式分析]　what引导的宾语从句 (1)what引导的宾语从句放在介词或动词之后，从句中使用陈述语序。 (2)what在从句中作主语、宾语或表语，表示“……的事物”。 [经典佳句]　I truly understood what I had accomplished was not just about winning a contest，but about realizing my own potential.(2023·新课标Ⅰ卷，读后续写) 我真正明白了，我所取得的成就不仅仅是赢得了一场比赛，而是实现了自己的潜力。 [即时训练]　单句语法填空/完成句子 ①You'll hear these participants' stories and learn what strategies worked well for them.(2023·新课标Ⅱ卷) ②After what seemed like centuries，I finally saw he showed up with his forehead sweating heavily. ③学生可以选择自己喜欢的内容来丰富自己的英语学习经历。 Students can choose what they like to enrich their English learning experiences． 教材原句：From a scientific point of view，there is an urgent need to study the Arctic in order to understand climate change and its effects. 从科学角度看，迫切需要研究北极，以了解气候变化及其影响。 [句式分析]　there is a need to do sth有必要做某事 in need　在危难中，在危急中 in need of 需要 there is no need for... ……是没有必要的 There is no need for sb to do sth 对某人来说做某事没有必要 [经典佳句]　There is an urgent need to offer food and clothes to people in the disaster area. 急需为灾区人民提供食物和衣服。 [即时训练]　完成句子 ①就我个人而言，急需保护它们免遭消亡。 As far as I'm concerned，there is an urgent need to protect them from dying out. ②俗话说：“患难见真情。” As the old saying goes，“A friend in need is a friend indeed．” ③如果您住在我们酒店，您就不需要带牙刷或毛巾。 If you are staying in our hotel，there is no need for you to bring a toothbrush or a towel. [对应学生用书P43] Ⅰ.教材语块必备 1.search for sea routes from west to east 寻找自西向东的海上航线 2．find one's way to...找到去……的路 3．a sight to behold壮观的景象 4．under the command of Zheng He在郑和的指挥下 5．set sail from the South China Sea从中国南海起航 6．future trade and cultural exchange未来的贸易和文化交流 7．from a scientific point of view从科学的角度来看 8．drive China to reach out across the sea far into the future推动中国跨海越洋走向遥远的未来 9．the desire to enhance relationships增进关系的愿望 Ⅱ.单词拼写/完成句子 1．I'd like to extend (延长；提供；给予) my sincere invitation to you to attend the elaborately­prepared gala and celebrate the traditional festival together. 2．If a schoolmate's sandwich or cookie appeared to be more appetizing than your own，you tried to negotiate (商定；达成) a trade. 3．Good merchants(商人) are those who stick to their contracts regardless of the price. 4．眼里含着泪水，他扑向了我。 With tears in his eyes，he threw himself into my arms. 5．但是过度勘探是有害的，急需保护海洋免遭破坏。 But too much exploration is harmful and there is an urgent need to protect the sea from being destroyed. 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$