Unit 1 Section Ⅰ Reading and Thinking(Word教参)-【精讲精练】2024-2025学年高中英语选择性必修第四册（人教版2019）

[对应学生用书P1] [对应学生用书P1] A Boy's Best Friend Mr Anderson said，“Where's Jimmy，dear？” “Out on the crater，” said Mrs Anderson.“Robutt is with him.Did he arrive？” “Yes.He's at the rocket station，going through the tests.I haven't really seen one since I left Earth 15 years ago.” “Jimmy has never seen one，” said Mrs Anderson. “Because he's Moon­born and can't visit Earth.That's why I'm bringing one here.I think it's the first one ever on the Moon.” Jimmy was out on the crater，as his mother had said.His arms and legs were long and agile.He looked thicker and stubbier with his spacesuit on，but he could handle the lunar gravity as no Earth­born human being could.The outer side of the crater sloped southward and the Earth，which was low in the southern sky，was nearly full，so that the entire crater­slope was brightly lit.The slope was a gentle one and even the weight of the spacesuit couldn't keep Jimmy from racing up it in a floating hop that made the gravity seem nonexistent. (节选自外研版 选择性必修第三册 Unit 4) 1．crater n.火山口；坑 2．agile adj.敏捷的；灵活的 3．slope v.倾斜；成斜坡 4．keep sb from doing sth阻止某人做某事 5．nonexistent adj.不存在的 Section Ⅰ　Reading and Thinking [对应学生用书P2] 1．Skim the passage and fill in the blanks. Paras 1—2: Larry persuaded Claire to accept the (1)robot that would be tested out. Paras 3—8：What Tony did to (2)help Claire. Para 9：The night before Tony (3)left． 2．What's the main idea of this passage? The passage is mainly about how a robot used for housework is tested out in a family． Choose the best answer according to the text. 1．What does Larry Belmont think of testing out the robot in his house? A．It is an extra benefit. B．It is his responsibility. C．It helps improve his house. D．It can make Claire happy. 2．How did Claire feel when Tony offered to help her get dressed? A．Proud. B．Happy. C．Guilty. D．Embarrassed. 3．What does Gladys Claffern think of the relationship between Claire and Tony? A.Friends. B．Lovers. C．Relatives. D．Colleagues. 4．Which of the following is NOT Tony's characteristic? A．Clumsy. B．Handsome. C．Helpful. D．Smart. 答案　1～4　ADBA 1．细读短文并找出外貌描写的句子。 (1)He seemed more like a human than a machine. (2)He was tall and handsome with smooth hair and a deep voice，although his facial expression never changed. 2．细读短文并找出动作描写的句子。 (1)She looked at his fingers with wonder as they turned each page. (2)As he held her，she felt the warmth of his body.She screamed，pushed him away，and ran to her room. [核心词汇·练透] [对应学生用书P2] appointment n.预约；约会；委任 (1)make/have an appointment with sb　和某人有约 keep an appointment 赴约；守约 break an appointment 失约 (2)appoint v. 任命；委派；安排；约定 appoint sb (as/to be)...任命某人(为)…… appoint sb to do sth 指派某人去做某事 [经典佳句]　I apologize from the bottom of my heart for breaking this appointment.(应用文之道歉信) 对于这次失约，我发自内心地道歉。 [即时训练]　单句语法填空/完成句子 ①The reason why I break the appointment(appoint) is that my parents hope I can visit my grandparents with them this weekend. ②He always appointed me to perform(perform)various jobs，which made me explode with anger. ③At the appointed(appoint) time，Mr Smith will be invited to attend the contest，and award the first eight winners. ④得知你被任命为这个组织的主席，我写信祝贺你。(应用文之祝贺信) Learning that you are appointed as/to be the chairwoman of the organization，I am writing to congratulate you. guilty adj.内疚的；有罪的；有过失的 (1)be guilty of　犯有……罪 be/feel guilty for/at/about... 对……感到内疚/有愧 (2) guilt n. 内疚；悔恨；有罪 out of guilt 出于愧疚 a sense of guilt 内疚感 [经典佳句]　The salesman was guilty about/for/at making such a stupid mistake and tears of guilt welled up in his eyes.(读后续写之心理描写) 售货员对犯如此愚蠢的错误感到内疚，眼中涌出内疚的泪水。 [即时训练]　 单句语法填空/完成句子 ①She had feelings of guilt (guilty) about leaving her children and going to work. ②Deeply ashamed and guilty(guilt)，Ray apologized to Richard sincerely，“Terribly sorry for having hurt you at school.” (读后续写之情绪描写) ③出于愧疚，我向我的老师解释，并保证这种事情不会再发生。 Out of guilt，I explained to my teacher and promised this would never happen again. dismiss vt.让(某人)离开；解散；解雇；消除，不予考虑 dismiss/fire sb for ...　因……而解雇/开除某人 dismiss sb from one's post/position 免去某人的职务 [经典佳句]　Meanwhile，there is no denying that online learning also has disadvantages that cannot be dismissed. 同时，不可否认的是，在线学习也有不可忽视的缺点。 [即时训练]　 单句语法填空/完成句子 ①It turned out that he was dismissed for being lazy and dishonest. ②It is proposed that we should dismiss the uncivilized customs from our daily life. ③女主席由于一些谣言被免除了职位，这使她陷入了无尽的悲伤。 (读后续写之悲伤情绪描写) The chairwoman was dismissed from her post for some rumours，which threw her into the world of endless sadness. declare vt.表明；宣称；公布 (1)declare sb/sth to be　宣布某人/某事是…… declare war (on ...) (向……)宣战 declare sth open/closed 宣布……开始/结束 declare that ... 声称/宣布…… (2) declare for/against ...赞成/反对…… [经典佳句]　After considering all the pros and cons，I declared for the decision，and thus，I declared that we would organize the fruit­picking activity. 考虑完所有利弊后，我赞成这个决定，因此，我宣布我们将组织这次水果采摘活动。 [即时训练]　单句语法填空/完成句子 ①When they asked him for his opinion，he declared strongly against the policy，which made them unhappy. ②It was the year when Britain declared war on Germany. ③当老师宣布我是这次写作比赛的获胜者时，我又惊又喜。(读后续写之心理描写) When the teacher declared me to be the winner of the writing Contest，I was surprised and pleased. ④尽管他怒不可遏，他也不愿意向他的老朋友宣战。(读后续写之愤怒情绪描写) Although he boiled with anger，he was unwilling todeclare war on/against his old friends. [重点句型·通关] [对应学生用书P4] 教材原句：He seemed more like a human than a machine. 他看上去更像一个人，而不像一台机器。 [句式分析]　more...than...与其说……不如说…… (1)more＋adj./adv./ n.＋than　与其说……，倒不如说…… (2)more than＋数词 　超过，不止 more than＋名词 不只是，不仅仅是 more than＋形容词/副词 非常，很 (3)not more than＋数词 不多于；不超过；少于 [经典佳句]　It was at that instant that I was filled with love from my daughter and realized that she seemed more like an adult to some extent than a girl aged 10.(读后续写之感悟) 就在那一刻，我被女儿的爱填满了，我意识到在某种程度上她似乎更像一个成年人而不是一个十岁的小姑娘。 [即时训练]　 完成句子 ①我最尊敬的人是我的英语老师，他非常乐意帮助我们学英语。他不仅仅是我们的老师，还是我们亲密的朋友。 The person I respect most is my English teacher，who is more than willing to help us with English studies.He is more than our teacher and he is also our close friend. ②我们班有40多名学生，与其说他们聪明不如说他们勤奋。 There are more than forty students in our class，who are more hard­working than clever． 教材原句：Claire thought it was ridiculous that she was being offered sympathy by a robot，but she gradually admired his wisdom and integrity and began to trust him. 克莱尔觉得一个机器人对她表示同情十分荒谬，但她逐渐欣赏托尼的智慧和正直，并且开始信任他。 [句式分析]　It＋be＋adj.＋that从句，其中it是形式主语，真正的主语是that引导的从句。 it作形式主语的常用句式： (1)It＋be＋adj.＋that从句 (2)It＋be＋过去分词(said，thought，hoped，believed，reported...)＋that从句 (3)It＋不及物动词(seem，occur，happen)＋that从句 [经典佳句]　It is obvious that he has an urge to take over the company. 显然他有强烈的欲望接管这家公司。 [即时训练]　完成句子 ①显而易见，许多人正承担着巨大的压力。 It is obvious that many people are shouldering much pressure. ②双胞胎突然想起他们可以为亲爱的妈妈做一顿美味的母亲节早餐。 It occurred to the twins that they could cook a delicious Mother's Day breakfast for their beloved mother. ③人们希望把中国传统文化传播到世界。 It is hoped that our traditional Chinese cultures should be spread to the world. ④碰巧我救了一只浑身是蜘蛛网、无法逃脱的蜂鸟。(2023·浙江1月卷，读后续写) It happened that I saved a hummingbird that was covered in spiderwebs，unable to escape. 教材原句：As she turned around，there stood Gladys Claffern. 当她转过身来，却看到格拉迪丝·克拉芬正站在那里。 [句式分析]　本句中there stood Gladys Claffern为完全倒装。 使用完全倒装句的几种情况如下： (1)将here、 there、 now、 then、 in、 out、 off、 away等表示地点或时间的副词或介词短语置于句首，谓语动词是be、 come、 go、 remain、 lie、 run等，且主语为名词时，用完全倒装； (2)主系表结构中，作表语的形容词、分词置于句首时用完全倒装； (3)such作表语置于句首时用完全倒装。 [经典佳句]　With a loud sound the door slowly opened，and there stood José Manuel's grandma wearing a frown.(读后续写之动作描写) 随着一声巨响，门慢慢地打开了，约瑟·曼纽尔的奶奶皱着眉头站在那里。 [即时训练]　 完成句子 ①在护士站里，站着一群眼里满含喜悦泪水的护士。 Inside the nurses' station，there stood a group of nurses with tears of joy in their eyes. ②几个星期后，当我几乎忘记比赛的时候，传来了消息。(2023·新课标Ⅰ卷，读后续写) A few weeks later，when I almost forgot the contest，there came the news． ③这儿是一些关于如何创造一个绿色和谐的环境的建议。 Here are some suggestions on how to create a green and harmonious environment. [对应学生用书P5] Ⅰ.教材语块必备 1．experiment with a household robot对一个家用机器人进行试验 2．on a business trip出差 3．feel alarmed感到害怕 4．facial expression面部表情 5．on the second morning第二天早晨 6．improve his social position提高他的社会地位 7．make herself more beautiful and her home more elegant把她变得更漂亮，把她的家变得更雅致 8．with wonder惊奇地 9．accompany her to the shops陪她去商店 10．be completely transformed被彻底改装 Ⅱ.单词拼写/完成句子 1．Having declared(宣布) he needed more money to carry out the task he took charge of，he rushed to the construction site. 2．She was rewarded for her efforts with a cash bonus(奖金). 3．His weekly salary(薪水) is higher than all of his former classmates. 4．正是在这次旅途中，史蒂夫开始对待我更像一个朋友，而不是堂弟。 It was on this trip that Steve began to treat me more like a friend than a younger cousin. 5．我们的图书馆坐落于学校的中心，就在花园和教学楼中间。 In the center of our school lies our library，which is between the garden and the teaching building. 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$