Unit 1 Science Fiction 主题阅读训练-【万向思维·高考快递】2024-2025学年高中练习生英语选择性必修第四册（人教版2019）

UNIT 1 SCIENCE FICTION Part A Reading and Thinking & Learning About Language 1///// UNIT 1 SCIENCE FICTION 主题语境大拓展 答案见D1 1.阅读理解 子主题1 未来人类的模样 语篇类型 说明文 词数 330 关键词 man, in the future, changing [2022-2023广东省肇庆市端州中学高二下期中]What will man be like in the future-in5,o00 or even 50. OOO years from now? We can only make guesses, of course, but we can be sure that he will be different from what he is today, for man is slowly changing all the time Let us take an obvious example. Man, even five hundred years ago, was shorter than he is today. Five hundred years is relatively a short period of time, so we may assume that man will continue to grow taller. Again, in the moderm world, we use our brains a great deal. Even so. we still make use of only about 20% of the brain's capacity As time goes on, however, we shall have to use our brains more and more, and eventually, we shall need large ones! This is likely to bring about a physical change to the head. In partieular, the forehead will grow larger. Nowadays, our eves are in use constantly. In fact, we use them so much that very often they become weaker and we have to wear glasses. But over a very long period of time, it is likely that man's eyes will grow stronger. On the other hand. we tend to make less use of our arms and legs. These, as a result, are likely to grow weaker. At the same time. however, our fingers will grow more sensitive because they are used a great deal in modern life. But what about hair? This will probably disappear from the body altogether in the course of time because it 2 ////// 练词生。 高中英语·选择性必修第四册·RJ does not serve a useful purpose any longer. Perhaps all these give the impression that in the future man will not be a very attractive creature to look at! This may well be true. All the same, in spite of all these changes, future man will still have a lot in common with us. He will still be a human being, with thoughts and emotions similar to our own 1. What does the passage mainly talk about? A. Man's life will be different in the future B. The future man will look quite different from us C. Man is growing taller and uglier as time passes. D. Man's organs and functions will be useless in the future 2. What serves as evidence that man is changing? A. Man has got stronger eves now than he ever had B. Man's hair is getting thinner and thinner. C. Man's arms and legs have become lighter and weaker. D. Man has been growing taller over the past 5o0 years. 3. Which of the following is TRUE about a human being in the future? A. He is hairless because hair is no longer useful B. He has smaller eves and wears better glasses. C. He thinks and feels in quite different ways from us. D. His fingers grow weaker because he doesn't have to use them 4. What can we infer from the passage? A. Human beings will become less attractive in the future. B. Less use of a bodily organ may lead to its degeneration (退化) C. Human beings all hope for a change in their future life. D. We are certain about our future life and appearance. IlI.完形填空 Danielle Bover 子主题2 过 222关键词 The STEAM Connection, 语篇型 记叙文 创造教育机器人 词潮 Every Kid Gets a Robot [2022-2023 山东省聊城第一中学高二下期中]Danielle Boyer knew she was interested in robotics from a young age. But with 1 learning resources, which many Native American students face, Boyer, said she had to take 2 to work out the 3 problem. She 4 herself through watching YouTube videos, reading old electrical engineering books, examining maker kits on Amazon. and then 5 everything related. Now, as the founder of the non-profit The STEAM Connection, Boyer, 22, is 6 to promote technical and ))) 4 UNT1 SCIENCE FICTION cultural educational opportunities among Native American 7 like herself "I 8 equipping students with 21st century skills to be able to create solutions for our communities," said Boyer, who has dropped out of college to 9 the non-profit full-time. Tech opportunities are not 10 for many Native American students, who often live on reservations in 11 areas with limited Internet access and face 12 trouble with education and technology, Boyer said. For example, one edueational robot that was required for her sister's participation in a competition was $500 After she 13 the organization, the next thing Boyer did was to 14 Every Kid Gets a Robot, an educational robotics kit with materials for students to fix, wire, and program their own robot cars that they can drive around with their phones. To date, she has 15 more than 8, 0oo kits to native schools, free of cost. B. enough C. modern 1.A. limited D. traditional B. steps C. photos 2. A.breaks D. drugs B. boring C. permanent 3. A. international D. severe 4.A.tested B. persuaded C. taught D. comforted B. listing 5. A. choosing C. purchasing D. mastering 6. A. determined B. occupied C. required D. disappointed 7.A.human B. ladies C. youth D. geniuses B. A. turn down C. escape from B. believe in D. complain about 9.A.run C. sell B.find D. enlarge 10.A.funny B. appealing C. precious D. accessible 11.A.busy B. urban C. rral D. developed B. physical 12.A.financial C. deep D. psychological 13.A. refused C. founded B. controlled D. discovered C.seize 14.A.show B. invent D. adopt B. collected C. bought 15.A.desimed D. sent // 5 ////// 练习生 高中英语·选择性必修第四册·RJ Using Language &: Assessing Your Progress & Part B Project & Video Time 6 ) 练习生 高中英语·选择性必修第四册·BJ 主题语境大拓展 答案见D3 1.阅读理解 子主题1 地球自转速度变慢 语篇类型 说明文 词数 309 关键词 slowing, earth's rotation, disaster Worried scientists say they have detected a significant slowing of our planet's rotation-and prediet the earth will stop spinning altogether by January 16 of the vear 2027! “This is by far the most serious and immediate problem now facing mankind," declared geophysicist Dr. Joseph B. Kopeski. who first observed the phenomenon. Scientists have long believed the earth's rotation is slowing. Old theories held that the effect was gradual, with the length of an earth day increasing by just O.oo2 seconds per century. But now new accurate measurements show that changes in the earth's rotation have become more dramatie than ever before.“By the summer of 2o25, a day wil lengthen to 38. 6 hours." revealed Dr. Kopeski. Incredibly, this will result in permanent days on one side of the globe and permanent nights on the other! “Those individuals unlucky enough to end up on the dark side of the earth will find themselves in a hopeless cold world of permanent blackness," said the expert. Virtually all plant life-which depends on photosynthesis- will die within a few short weeks, leading to a pause in farming and the worst famines the human race has ever experienced. But life will be no picnic for survivors on the bright side of the globe, the noted scientist added."Before it stops rotating, the continental plates will rock violently. The result will be massive tidal waves and earthquakes in which billions will die. What's more, year-round daylight will change the life cycles of insects and birds, which could disrupt(扰乱.) the entire ecosystem. leading to mass extinctions all the way up the food chain." Several other scientists have warned against panic, calling for calm until the phenomenon can be "studied thoroughly." But Dr. Kopeski warned, "Governments around the world must begin planning for this unavoidable disaster right now!" 8 ))) UNIT1 SCIENCE FICTION 1. How do the old theories like the slowdown in the earth's rotation A. It has limited influence on man B. It will destroy the whole world C. It makes the earth stop spinning. D. It gets the day obviously longer 2. Which word can replace the underlined phrase in paragraph 5? A. Boring. B. Tough. C. Lonely. D. Unhealthv. 3. What is the final result of the slowdown in the earth's rotation according to Dr. Kopeski? A. Plants will ripen more quickly than before B. The life cvcles of insects will be shorter C. The creatures on the earth will disappear. D. Humans will live in a totally black world 4. What is other scientists' attitude toward this phenomenon? A. Unconcerned. B. Confused C. Tolerated D. Cautious. lI.七选五 子主题22050年的科技生活 语篇类型 说明文 词数 290 关键词 predict the future, technology [2022-2023广东省湛江市高二下期末]2050 seems a long way away, but it is not impossible to predict the future though. With the speed we are moving now so many amazing things are going to happen in the future. So where is technology going in the future? 1. The Internet will be free for everyone. The Internet is really a key driver these days. But it is not free for everyone yet. There have already beer attempts like Facebook's Free Basics. 2. .__. there is a very strong possibility that the Intemet will be free for everyone in the future. Personal airplanes will be used widely for short journeys. With the increasing population, it is not very hard to predict that common methods of transportation will not be enough. 3. , so in this case personal airplanes will be a handy method of transportation for common people. Of course, there will be proper air traffic control for these personal airplanes Most cancers will be treated successfully. 4.__. It will be a huge achievement in the history of medical science. Many studies are already showing a trend(趋势) towards this. // 9 ////// 高中英语·选择性必修第四册·RJ 5. There will be great achievements in space research. In the vear 205o, humans will be able to live on Mars. We will receive more intelligent signals from space. Chances are we will be able to find the next Earth-like planet. A. Though it hasn't happened yet B. Let's start our predictions C. The world's population will cross 9. 6 billion D. What do you think of my predictions of 2o50 E. Humans will live on other planets F. There will be much heavier traffic on the road G. The number of deaths caused by cancers will be greatly reduced II.语法填空 子主题3 未来的学校 语篇类型 说明文 词数 216 关键词 the school in 2050 [2022-2023辽宁省凌源市高二下期中联考]What could the school in2050 look like?Undoubtedly,the biggest development we 1. ( see) in recent years is the advancement of technology. On entering the classroom, biological recognition scanning will allow students to check in, 2. (simplify) the busy registration process. Teachers will be able to automatically sort out the attendance data. fill in perfect record, and manage 3. (track) the patterns for being late. For the school of the future, there will be no need to wrestle with heavy 4. (curtain)or dust- covered blinds: we'll have smart glass. Windows can automatically adjust 5. (them) color to make up for external brightness, protecting both our eyes and screens As summer temperatures continue to rise, the general trend for 2o5o is hotter, drier summers as well as warmer, wetter winters and air-conditioned classrooms. 6. . will become the norm(常态). But they will be (clean), more flexible and sustainable, with built-in air purifiers to remove toxins and dust from the air. 2050, 3D printers will have become a standard appliance, both in homes and schools. As 。 learning aid, they will have become essential, allowing teachers to explain difficult concepts more flexibly. Students will be able to 10. (physical) operate objects for better information processing, visual pereeption, and cognitive(认知的) learning ) 10 司参考答案及超详思路 UNT① SCIENCE FICTION Part A Reading and Thinking Learning About Language 之主语境大拓展NNN 【,语需导读》人类的样子一直在变化中，本文主要介绍了对 未来的人类的模样的预测。 1.B考查主旨大意。根据第一段“What will man be like in the future...but we can be sure that he will be different from what he is today,for man is slowly changing all the time." 及下文对人类身体部位变化的描述可知，未来的人类可能 与现在的人类的样子不一样。敌选B。 2.D考查细节理解。根据第二段中的“Man,even five hundred years ago,was shorter than he is today...so we may assume that man will continue to grow taller.."可知，与500年 前的人类相比，现在的人类一直在长高，由此可知，人类一 直在变化。故选D。 3.A考查细节理解。根据第五段“But what about hair?This will probably disappear from the body altogether in the course of time because it does not serve a useful purpose any longer.”可知l,人类在未来可能没有头发，因为头发不再有 用。故选A。 4.B考查推理判断。根据第四段中的“On the other hand, we tend to make less use of our arms and legs.These,as a result,are likely to grow weaker..”可推知，胳膊和腿这些身 休器宫因为较少使用，可能会退化。故选B。 词汇积累 名词：capacity n.容量；能力emotion n.情感 形容词：obvious ac或明显的sensitive ac.敏感的 副词：eventually ad.最终constantly ad.不断地；时常地 短语：in particular尤其，特别in the course of time终有 一天；随着时间的推移in spite of尽管，不臂 长难句分析 We can only make guesses,of course,but we can be sure 主语 谓语 宾语 并列句 that he will be different from what he is today),(for man 宪语从句 我语从句 is slowly changing all the time). 原周状语从句 句意：当然，我们只能做出猜测，但我们可以肯定的是，他 将不同于今天的他，因为人类一直在慢慢改变。 英语YD1 练习生高中英语·选择性必修第四册·RJ 川.语篇导读》印第安女孩Boyer从小就对机器人科学感兴 术上也面临着问题，所以此处是指无法得到了解或学习 趣，但是因为字习资源有限，她只能通过各种办法自学来 技术的机会。accessible意为“可得到的：可使用的”，故 掌提相关知识，后来她创办了一个非营利组织，决心在像 选D。 地一样的印第安青年中推广技术和文化教育机会。 11.C考查形容词。根据空后“areas with limited Internet 1.A考查形容词。根据第二段中“through watching YouTube access'”和常识可知，住在比较偏远且不发达的乡村地区 videos,reading old electrical engineering books,examining 的学生的网络资源会比较有限。故选C。 maker kits on Amazon”可知，Boyer虽然对机器人科学感兴 12.A考查形容词。根据下文“one educational robot that was 趣，但是需要利用一些零散的资源来学习，也就是对于 required for her sister's participation in a competition was Boyer来说，教育资源是有限的。放选A。 $500”可1，许多印第安学生在教育和技术上面临财务 2.B考查名词。根据第二段中“through watching You lube 困难。故选A。 videos,reading old electrical engineering books,examining 13.C考查动词。根据上文“as the founder of the non-profit maker kits on Amazon”可知，Boyer自己采取措施解决资源 The STEAM Connection'”可知，这里表示Boer创办了这个 有限的问题。take steps to do sth是固定短语，意为“采取 组织。故选C。 措施做某事”，故选B。 14.B考查动词。根据下文“an educational robotics kit with 3.D考查形容词。international“国际的”：boring“无聊的”； materials for students'”可知，“Every Kid Gets a Robot(每个 pemmanent'“永恒的”：severe“严重的”。根据上文可知， 孩子都有一个机器人)”是一套工具包，所以应该是Boyer Boyr对机器人科学感兴趣，但是面临学习资源有限的用 创办该组织后发明出来的。故选B。 难，所以这个同题是严重的。放选D。 15.D考查动词。根据下文“free of eost”和该组织的愿景可 4.C考查动词。根据上文“take_2 to work out the3 知，Boyer应该是给学校免费送这些工具包，帮助学生拥 problem”和空后的“herself through watching You Tube 有更好的资源。故选D。 videos..on Amazon”可推知l,Boyer通过各种手段自学。故 Part B Using Language Assessing 选C。 5.D考查动词。根据上文内容可推知，Boyer通过各种途径 Your Progress Project Video Time 进行学习，然后应该是掌握了所有相关的东西。故选D。 6.A考查形容词。根据空前“the founder of the no-poft The STEAM Connection”和空后“to promote..”可知，作为 非营利组织的创始人，Boyr应该有个美好的愿景，也就是 决心通过这个组织完成某项事业。be determined to do sth 是固定短语，意为“决心做某事”。故选A。 7.C考查名词。根据第一段中“many Native American students”可知，Boyr的组织的主要帮助对象是和她一样 想学习机器人科学的印第安学生，即年轻人。故选C。 8.B考查动词短语。tum down“拒绝；调低”；believe in“相 信”;eseape from“逃离”：complain about“抱怨”。根据上文 内容可知，Boer决心在像她一样的印第安青年中推广技 术和文化教有机会，再根据空后的“to be able to create solutions for our communities”可推知l,Boyer应该是相信让 这些学生掌握新技能可以解决社区中的问题。故选B。 9.A考查动词。根据空前“dropped out of colleg”可知， Boyer从大学缀学了，应该是为了有更充足的时间管理她 的组织。un意为“管理”，故选A。 10.D考查形容词。根据下文“with limited Internet access and face_l2_trouble to education and technology”可知， 许多印第安学生居住的地方网路接人有限.在教育和技 D2e英语 参考答案及超详思路 长难句分析 Virtually all plant life-(which depends on photosynthesis)- 主语 定语从向，修传先行词iplt1i will die within a few short weeks,leading to a pause in 谓语 时间状语 farming and the worst famines the human race has ever 现在分词短语作结果快语 省略关系词的定语从句 experienced). 句意：几乎所有依靠光合作用（生存）的植物都将在短短 几周内死亡，（进而）导致农业停带和人类有史以来已 经经历过的最严重的饥荒 Ⅱ，语导读》文章主要介绍了作者对2050年的科技生活展 开的预测，主要有四，点：每个人都能免费使用网络：私人 之主题语境大拓展WW 飞机会被广泛应用于短途行程：大多数癌痘会被治好：人 类会居住在其他星球上。 【,语需导读》科学家们发现地球自转速度在变漫。有科学 1.B上文“So where is technology going in the future?”提出一 家预言地球最终将会停止自转。如果这一假试成真，人 个问题一未来的科技将走向何方？结合下文对未来的 类将面临毁灭性的灾难。 一些预测可知，B项“Let's start our predictions(让我们开始 1.A考查推理判断。根据第三段中的“Old theories held 我们的预测吧)”承上启下，符合语境。故选B。 that the effect was gradual,with the length of an earth day 2.A根据上文“There have already been attempts like increasing by just0.0O2 seconds per century.”可知，l旧的理 Facebook's Free Basics.”及下文“there is a very strong 论认为，地球自转速度变慢的影响是渐进式的，每一百年 possibility that the Internet will be free for everyone in the 中的一个地球日的长度只会增加0.002秒。由这部分内 uue”可知，作者衡测在未来因特网对每个人都免费的可 容和常识可推知，旧的理论认为，地球自转速度变慢对人 能性很大，故空处应是说日前因特网还没有对所有人免 类的影响是有限的。故选A。 费。A项“Though it hasn't happened yet(虽然它还没有发 2.B考查词义猜测。根据第五段中的“Before it stops 生)”符合语境，故选A。 rotating,the continental plates will rock violently...leading to 3.F上文“With the increasing population.…transporation will mass extinctions all the way up the food chain.”可知，在地球 not be enough.”提到人口的增长将会使普通的交通方式无 停止自转之前，大陆板块会剧烈摇晃，导致巨大的海啸和 法满足需求；根据下文“so in this case personal airplanes wil 地震，数十亿人将在其中丧生。更重要的是，全年的日光 be a han小method of transportation for common people'”可知l, 空处与下文是因果关系，应是描述是什么导致私人飞机成 将改变昆虫和鸟类的生命周期，这可能会扰乱整个生态系 统，导致整个食物链的大规模灭绝。由此可知，对于在地 为一种对普通人来说方便的交通方式。结合选项，F项 “There will be much heavier traffic on the road(道路上的交 球“永昼面”的幸存者来说，生活是艰难的。故选B。 通将会更加繁忙)”承上启下，符合语境，故选F。 3.C考查推理判断。根据第三段的最后一句可知，地球自 4.G根据木段主题句“Most cancers will be treated 转速度变慢最终将导致地球的一面水远是白天，另一面永 successfully.”及空处下文“It will be a huge achievement in 远是黑夜：再根据第四段和第五段的内容可知，Dr.Kopeski the history of medical science."可知，这一段的预测是大多 认为这一现象最终将导致食物链的大规模灭绝，也就是说 数癌症都会被治愈，所以癌症造成的死亡人数会下降。G 会致使地球上的生物消失。故选C。 "The number of deaths caused by cancers will be greatly 4.D考查观点态度。根据最后一段的第一句“Several other educed(癌症造成的死亡人数将大大减少)”符合语境，故 scientists have warned against panic,calling for calm until the 选G。 phenomenon can be'studied thoroughly.”可知，其他科学 5.E根据本段中"In the year2050.humans will be able to 家已经告减大家不要恐慌，在这一现象被研究透彻前要保 live on Mar.”可知，木段的预测是人类未来会在其他星球 持冷静。由此可知，其他科学家对这一现象的态度是谨慎 上居住。E项“Humans will live on other planets(人类将居 的。故选D。 住在其他星球上)”符合语境，故选E。 英语YD3 练习生高中英语·选择性必修第四册·RJ 词汇积累 10.physically考查副词。分析句子结构可知，空处修饰动 i词operate,应该用副词形式。故填physically。 名词：achievement n.成就；成绩；功绩signal n.信号； 暗号 词汇积累 动词：predict.预报，预言：预告 名词：recognition.识别；认识：认出registrationn.登记， 形容词：intelligent a域.有智慧的：智能的 注册，挂号pattern n,方式，样式appliance n.(家 长难句分析 用)电器，器具 With the increasing population),it is not very hard 动词：adjust,调整 状语 形式主语系动词表语 形容词：biological ad生物学的：生物的sustainable adi [to predict (that common methods of transportation will not (对自然资源和能源的利用)不破坏生态平衡的，合理 鼻正的主语 宾语从句 利用的：可持续的 essential ad.必不可少的：极其币 be enough)]. 要的 句意：随着人口的增加，不是很难预言普通的交通方式将 副词：undoubtedly ad:,毫无疑问 不够用。 automatically ad.自动地：无意识地 Ⅲ.语隔导读》文章描递了2050年的学校的情况。 短语：wrestle with奋力对付：努力处理：全力解决 1.have seen考查时态和主谓一致。分析句子结构可知， 长难句分析 空处是本句的谓语。根据时间状语“in recent years”可知， (As summer temperatures continue to rise),the general trend 句子用现在完成时。主语是we,助动词用have。故填have 状语从句 主语 seen, for 2050 is hotter,drier summers as well as warmer, 2.simplifying考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，本句 定语華动词 表语 并列表语 已有谓语“waow”,所以空处应用非谓语形式。表示一 wetter winters and air-conditioned classrooms),[which will 种自然面然的结果，应用现在分词作结果状语。故填 定语从句 simplifyingo become the norm(常态)]. 3.to track考查非谓语动词。manage to do是固定搭配，意 句意：随着夏季气温持续上升，2050年的总体趋势是夏季 为“设法做成”。故填to track。 更炎热，更干燥，冬季更温暖，更潮湿，以及教室装有空 4.curtains考查名词的数。空处应填名词，作with的宾 周，这些将成为常态。 语，curtain意为“窗帘”，为可数名词，此处应该用其复数形 式表泛指。故填curtains。 5.their考查代词。空处作定语，修饰名词color,应填形容 词性物主代词。故填heir。 6.which考查定语从句。句意：随者夏季气温持续上升， 2050年的总体趋势是夏季更炎热、更干燥，冬季更温暖，更 潮湿，教室装有空调，这些将成为常态。分析句子结构可 知，空处引导非限制性定语从句，空处指代前面的整句话， 从句缺少主语。故填whih。 T.cleaner考查形容词的比较级。分析句子结构可知，空 前是系动词，所以空处应填形容词作表语，再根据后文 “more flexible and sustainable'”可知.空处和其并列，也应用 比较级。故填cleaner。 8.y考查介词。由下文“will have become"可知，本句为将 来完成时，“y+未来年份”意为“到某年”，为将来完成时 的时间状语。空处位于句首，单词首字母应大写。故 填By 9.a考查冠词。空处修饰可数名词aid,此处泛指“一种学 习辅助设备”，应用不定冠词，且learning的发音以辅音音 素开头，故填a。 D4英语