Unit 12 Innovation 单元同话题真题训练-【万向思维·高考快递】2024-2025学年高中练习生英语选择性必修第四册（北师大版2019）

参考答案及超详思路 佳句背诵 1.C考查推理判断。根据第一段中的“When John Todd was a child,he loved to explore the woods around his house. 1.Willard was so worried that he was on the verge of tears. observing how nature solved problems.”f和“When he got Willard如此担心以至于他几乎要哭出来了a older,John started to wonder if this process could be used 2.He ran to tell his brother that maybe the invention was to clean up the messes people were making.”以及第二段中 u5fl.他跑去告诉他哥哥说，也许这项发明是有月的。 他提出的一系列问题和“.he figured,maybe he could clean up waste the way nature did."可推知，John是 写作任务大突破 个爱探索、爱提出问题的人，即他有探索精神。故选C。 ，写作指导 2.D考查推理判断。根据第二段中的“He deeided to build what he would later call an eco--machine.”,第三段中的“The (1)介绍人物的作文一般使用第三人称和一般过去时。 task John set for himself was to remove harmful substances (2)根据文章要点提示，本文可分为三段：第一段介绍人 from some sludge(污泥).”“After a few weeks,John added 物出身并进行总体评价：第二段介绍人物的经历和成就：第 the sludge.”,以及第四段中的“He was amazed at the 三段介绍该人物将被人们铭记 results.”可知，John把污泥放进水箱里是为了测试“生态 ◆参考范文 机器"的效果。故选D Madame Curie 3.B考查推理判断。根据第五段中的“He also designed an Madame Curie,a world-famous female scientist,was born eco-machine to clean canal water in Fuzhou.a city in in a teacher's family in Poland in 1867 and died in 1934. southeast China.”可知，作者之所以提到福州，是为了展示 From her early childhood,she loved to study and hoped to Jhn的“生态机器”这一设备的一项应用。故选B become a great scientist.She finished her middle school at the 4.A考查细节理解。根据第三段的内容及最后一段中的 age of 15.At 24 she left for Paris and entered the University of "You put organisms in new relationships and observe what's Paris,where she lived a very simple life and studied very hard. happening.Then you let these new systems develop their own Madame Curie devoted all her life to the study of science.She ways to self--repair..”可知，John设计的“生态机器”的原理 won the Nobel Prize for physics in 1903 and for chemistry 是让不同种类的动植物相互适应，以形成它们自己的生态 in1911. 系统，进而做到自我修复。所以他的设计的基础是大自然 Madame Curie will always be remembered as a great 可以进行自我修复。故选A。 woman. 词汇积累 佳句背诵 动词：observe.观察：注意到：注视：监视gure.认为 At 24 she left for Paris and entered the University of Paris, 认定（某事将发生或属实）：计算（数量或成本）：是重要 where she lived a very simple life and studied very hard.24 部分treat r.处理：治疗：以…态度对待：招待 时，她前往巴黎，并进入巴黎大学学习。在那里，她生活很 短语：ken承担（尤指艰巨工作和重大责任） 简朴，学习非常刻苦 长难句分析 When he got older,John started to wonder (if this process 高考专题大建构 时间状语从向 f引导的宾语从句 could be used to clean up the messes people were making). 定语从句 A 句意：Jm长大些后，他开始琢磨这个过程是否可以被用 语篇导读John Todd发明了一台被他称为“生态机器”的设 来清理人们正在制造的排泄物。 备。在这台“活”机器里，他让不同种类的动植物相互适 应，进而形成它们自己的生态系统，最终它们把污泥当作 食物消化了。通过此过程，这台“生态机器”达到了清理污 语篇导读本文主要介绍了一款软件程序Project Debater. 水的效果。 Project Debater虽然可以击败人类辩论冠军，但也有明显缺 英语YD35 练习生高中英语·选择性必修第四册·BS 陷一它无法理解意义。因为社会交往与互动才是产生 句子结构可知，空处在句中作谓语，动词a即ppreciate与主语 意义的核心。 a painting.之间为动宾关系，且空处置于情态动词ean之 5.B考查推理判断。根据关键词Noa Ovadia可查找到第一 后，所以本句应用含有情态动词的被动语态。故填be 段中的“，.a software program called Projeet Debater beat its appreciated。 human opponents,including Noa Ovadia,”,由此可知， 2.todo考查非谓语动词。tell sb not to do sth为固定用法， Project Debater在辩论比赛中战胜了包括以色列前国家辩 意为“告诉某人不要做某事”。故填odo。 论冠军在内的对手，该事实证明此程序非常聪明。所以， 3.photographer考查名词。分析句子结构可知，空处作 作者在第一段提到Noa Ovadia的目的是展示Projeet John Olson的同位语，应用表示人的名词，空前有不定冠词 Debater的聪明。故选B。 a修饰，表示单数概念，放填photographer。 6.C考查词义猜测。根据第二段中的“It takes sentences 4.the考查冠词。“he+形容词”表示一类人。此处指盲 from its library of documents and prebuilt arguments and 人。故填hc。 strings them together.This can lead to the kinds of errors no 5.existing考查形容词。空处在句中作定语，修饰senses, human would make."可知，Project Debater从文档库和预先 所以用形容词形式，senses为表示物的名词，应用existing 构建的论据中提取句子，并将它们串在一起，这可能导致 “现有的，现存的”修饰。故填existing。 人类不会犯的错误。且根据画线词后面的"will no doubt 6.sighted考查形容词。空处作定语修饰people.应用形容 be ironed out'”可知.画线词所在句表示的是，这样的错误会 词形式。由语境可知，此处表示“盲人用现存的感觉识别 被纠正、被解决，所以画线词wrinkles的意思是“错误”，和 形状一和视力正常的人的方式相似”。sighted people意 eors意思相近。故选C。 为“视力正常的人”。故填sighted。. 7.B考查细节理解。根据第三段中的“What Hammond is 7.t考查介词。“age+数字”为周定搭配，意为“在… referring to is the question of meaning...""A computer 岁的时候”，故填。 works with symbols ..But it does not specify what those 8.noticed考查时态。分析句子结构可知，空处应填句子 symbols mean.Indeed,to a computer,meaning is 的谓语动词。根据从句“When he felt..”可知.主句也应用 irrelevant.."可知，Hammond认为Projeet Debater不能理解 一股过去时。故填noticed 意义。故选B。 9.ndependence考查名词。句意：对lauc来说，这意味着 8.A考查推理判断。根据最后一段中的“Meaning emerges 独立。分析句子结构可知.此处应用名词作mean的宾语， through a process of social interaction,not of computation. 故填independence interaction that shapes the content of the symbols in our 10.and考查连词。分析句子结构可知，to see it和to hea山.”可知，意义是在社会互动的过程中产生的，而这种 form my opinion为并列成分，构成be able to do sth结构， 互动影响我们大脑对符号的理解。所以，从最后一段我们 因此应用and来连接并列成分。故填and。 能了解到，社会互动是理解符号的关键。故选A。 单元重组大练习 长难句分析 What Hammond is referring to is the question of meaning,and A 主语从句 语篇导读》Mobi-mat科技公司升发了一些令人兴奋的创新 meaning is central to what distinguishes the least intelligent 产品，这使得一些行动不使的人们能够在海滩上度过 宾语从句 一天 of humans from the most intelligent of machines. 1.C考查细节理解。根据第一段中的“Wouldn't it be great 句意：Hammond所指的是意义的问题，而意义是区分最不 if people with walking difficulty could also get closer to the 聪明的人类和最聪明的机器的核心 ocean to enjoy the thrill of a sunset,watching the sun's rays Ⅱ.语筒导读·本文主要介绍了纹理3D模型帮助盲人更好 light up the waves?The good news is that things are moving in 地欣赏艺术作品的相关内容 the right direction！”可知第一段提到的好消息是，走路有 1.be appreciated考查含有情态动词的被动语态。分析 困难的人会（比从前）更容易到达海难。故选C。 D36英语练习生 高中英语·选择性必修第四册·BS 高考专题大建构 ●答案见D35 1.阅读理解 主题语境 人与自然一John Todd a greenhouse-like facility, 发明处理污水的“生态机器” 语篇类型记叙文词数336关键词 clean canal water [2023I When John Todd was a child,he loved to explore the woods around his house,observing how nature solved problems.A dirty stream,for example,often became clear after flowing through plants and along rocks where tiny creatures lived.When he got older,John started to wonder if this process could be used to clean up the messes people were making. After studying agriculture,medicine,and fisheries in college,John went back to observing nature and asking questions.Why can certain plants trap harmful bacteria ()Which kinds of fish can eat cancer-causing chemicals?With the right combination of animals and plants,he figured,maybe he could clean up waste the way nature did.He decided to build what he would later call an eco-machine. The task John set for himself was to remove harmful substances from some sludge ()First,he constructed a series of clear fiberglass tanks connected to each other.Then he went around to local ponds and streams and brought back some plants and animals.He placed them in the tanks and waited.Little by little,these different kinds of life got used to one another and formed their own ecosystem.After a few weeks,John added the sludge. He was amazed at the results.The plants and animals in the eco-machine took the sludge as food and began to eat it!Within weeks,it had all been digested,and all that was left was pure water. Over the years,John has taken on many big jobs.He developed a greenhouse-like facility that treated sewage (from 1,600 homes in South Burlington.He also designed an eco-machine to clean canal water in Fuzhou, a city in southeast China. "Ecological design"is the name John gives to what he does."Life on Earth is kind of a box of spare parts for the inventor,"he says."You put organisms in new relationships and observe what's happening.Then you let these new systems develop their own ways to self-repair." 1.What can we learn about John from the first two paragraphs? A.He was fond of traveling. B.He enjoyed being alone. C.He had an inquiring mind. D.He longed to be a doctor. 2.Why did John put the sludge into the tanks? A.To feed the animals. B.To build an ecosystem. C.To protect the plants. D.To test the eco-machine. 11781 UNIT 12 INNOVATION 3.What is the author's purpose in mentioning Fuzhou? A.To review John's research plans. B.To show an application of John's idea. C.To compare John's different jobs. D.To erase doubts about John's invention. 4.What is the basis for John's work? A.Nature can repair itself. B.Organisms need water to survive. C.Life on Earth is diverse. D.Most tiny creatures live in groups. B a software 主题语境 人与社会一软件程序 Project Debater在辩论中战胜人类 语篇类型说明文词数315关键词 program,meaning [2023]A machine can now not only beat you at chess,it can also outperform you in debate.Last week,in a public debate in San Francisco,a software program called Project Debater beat its human opponents, including Noa Ovadia,Israel's former national debating champion. Brilliant though it is,Project Debater has some weaknesses.It takes sentences from its library of documents and prebuilt arguments and strings them together.This can lead to the kinds of errors no human would make.Such wrinkles will no doubt be ironed out,yet they also point to a fundamental problem.As Kristian Hammond,professor of electrical engineering and computer science at Northwestern University,put it:"There's never a stage at which the system knows what it's talking about." What Hammond is referring to is the question of meaning,and meaning is central to what distinguishes the least intelligent of humans from the most intelligent of machines.A computer works with symbols.Its program specifies a set of rules to transform one string of symbols into another.But it does not specify what those symbols mean.Indeed,to a computer,meaning is irrelevant.Humans,in thinking,talking,reading and writing,also work with symbols.But for humans,meaning is everything.When we communicate,we communicate meaning.What matters is not just the outside of a string of symbols,but the inside too,not just how they are arranged but what they mean. Meaning emerges through a process of social interaction,not of computation,interaction that shapes the content of the symbols in our heads.The rules that assign meaning lie not just inside our heads,but also outside,in society,in social memory,social conventions and social relations.It is this that distinguishes humans from machines.And that's why,however astonishing Project Debater may seem,the tradition that began with Socrates and Confucius will not end with artificial intelligence. 1/79 /11110 H 练习生高中英语·选择性必修第四册·BS 5.Why does the author mention Noa Ovadia in the first paragraph? A.To explain the use of a software program. B.To show the cleverness of Project Debater. C.To introduce the designer of Project Debater. D.To emphasize the fairness of the competition. 6.What does the underlined word "wrinkles"in paragraph 2 refer to? A.Arguments. B.Doubts. C.Errors. D.Differences. 7.What is Project Debater unable to do according to Hammond? A.Create rules. B.Comprehend meaning. C.Talk fluentl山y D.Identify difficult words. 8.What can we learn from the last paragraph? A.Social interaction is key to understanding symbols. B.The human brain has potential yet to be developed. C.Ancient philosophers set good examples for debaters. D.Artificial intelligence ensures humans a bright future. 川.语法填空 人与社会一盲人借助纹理 主题语境 3D模型欣赏艺术作品 语篇类型说明文词数186关键词painting,.blind,3 D models [2022 ]To understand a painting,we're taught to look for color,composition,and light.But how can a painting 1. (appreciate)by someone who's blind?Through touch,the one thing gallery signs tell you not 2 (do).John Olson,a former 3.photograph),and his team turn paintings into fully textured 3D models. The tactile(可触知的)paintings work as a way to show art to4. blind because we don't see with just our eyes:We see with our brains.Research in the field of neuroplasticity-the brain's adaptability-shows that the visual cortex(大i脑度层)is made active by touch.Blind people recognize shapes with their5. (exist) senses,in a way similar to that of 6.(sight)people,says Ella Striem-Amit,a Harvard scientist. Luc Gandarias,who's now thirteen,went blind suddenly 7. age seven.When he felt a 3D version of Leonardo da Vinci's "Mona Lisa",he 8.(notice)her smile right away."I can actually feel what you see when you look at it,he said. For Luc,this means 9. independent)."The feeling of being able to see it 10. to form my opinion is like breaking down another wall as a blind person." 8011