抢分秘籍03 完形填空-2025年高考英语冲刺抢押秘籍（上海专用）

抢分秘籍03 完形填空 目录 【高考预测】完形填空概率预测+题型预测+考向预测........................................................................................01 【思维导图】完形填空考点考向思维导图............................................................................................................02 【应试秘籍】完形填空常考点及应对的策略........................................................................................................02 【误区点拨】完形填空点拨常见的易错点............................................................................................................04 【抢分通关】完形填空押题新高考方向，讲解通关策略（含新考法）............................................................09 概率预测 ☆☆☆☆☆ 题型预测 动词题、名词题、形容词题、副词题、其它（介词、连词等虚词） 考向预测 动词题5-6个、名词题4-5个、形容词题3-4个、副词题1-2个、其它（介词、连词等虚词）1-2个 2025年上海高考英语完形填空将延续“语义优先、逻辑为王”的命题思路，同时强化对跨段落信息整合能力的考查。备考需结合上海高考真题规律、高频词汇及科学训练方法，以提升语境敏感度与逻辑分析能力为核心目标。 ☆☆☆☆☆ 完形填空不仅考查学生对所学词汇、语法等基础知识的综合运用能力，而且考查学生的阅读能力；不仅考查学生的知识背景，而且考查学生的逻辑推理和篇章结构理解等综合能力。它的命题原则是“以实词为主，虚词为辅，突出词汇语境化”。完形填空解题套路如下：​ （一）通读全文，掌握大意​ 拿到题目后，不要急于看选项、填答案，而是快速浏览全文。重点关注文章的首句和尾句，首句往往会引出文章的主题，为后续内容奠定基础；尾句则可能对文章进行总结、升华，传达作者的意图。在浏览过程中，了解文章的体裁、大致内容和主旨方向，对文章有一个整体的框架认识。例如，如果文章首句是 “With the rapid development of artificial intelligence, our daily lives are being transformed in unexpected ways.”，就可以知道文章围绕人工智能对日常生活的影响展开，在后续阅读中更有针对性地关注相关信息。​ （二）逐空分析，先易后难​ 判断词性与语法要求：阅读到每个空格时，首先根据句子结构判断该空所需词汇的词性。如果句子缺少谓语动词，就从选项中的动词形式中筛选；若该空在名词前，可能需要一个形容词来修饰。同时，考虑句子的语法规则，如时态、语态、主谓一致等。例如，“The project ______ （complete） next month will bring great benefits to the community.”，根据时间状语 “next month” 可知应用一般将来时，且 “project” 与 “complete” 是被动关系，所以应填 “will be completed”。​ 结合上下文逻辑：从上下文寻找线索，判断该空与前后文的逻辑关系。如果前文描述了一个问题，后文提到了解决办法，那么中间的空可能需要一个表示因果关系的词。例如，“He missed the bus this morning. ______, he was late for school.”，这里应填 “Therefore”。对于一些较难判断的空，可以先暂时搁置，继续往下读，随着对文章理解的深入，可能会从后文找到提示。​ 进行词义辨析：当通过词性和逻辑筛选出几个可能的选项后，仔细辨析它们的词义。注意近义词、同根词的细微差别，结合语境选择最恰当的词汇。比如，“The ______ of the new policy has caused a lot of discussion.”，选项中有 “effect”（影响）和 “affect”（影响，动词），这里需要一个名词，所以应选 “effect”；若选项中有 “influence”，则要进一步分析 “effect” 和 “influence” 在语境中的细微差别，“effect” 更强调直接产生的结果，“influence” 侧重于潜移默化的影响，根据文章具体语境选择。​ （三）复读全文，检查验证​ 完成所有填空后，再次通读全文。从语法、词汇、逻辑和语篇等多个角度进行检查。检查语法是否正确，句子结构是否完整，词汇搭配是否合理，文章逻辑是否连贯，整体意思是否通顺。如果发现有不顺畅或不合理的地方，仔细分析并进行修改。例如，检查到某句话 “Although he worked hard, but he still failed the exam.” 存在语法错误，“although” 和 “but” 不能同时使用，应删去 “but”。通过认真检查，确保答案的准确性和完整性，提高得分率。​ 坚持两大原则： 1．语义优先于语法原则 文章的开头部分尤其是第一句话不设空格，它起到的作用是对所选短文的题材和可能涉及的内容作简单的介绍或提示，并且不同于全国卷和其他各种考试类型(如考研等)中的完形填空，单纯的语法题已从该题型中彻底消失。如果一味按照语法规则来选择答案，就必定陷入了答题误区，无任何选项得以被排除。 每一题脱离语境上下文后四个选项都必定符合语法规则。所以理解文章的主旨大意，快速识别语篇类型(是议论文还是说明文，并进一步识别是其中具体某一类)，进而预判篇章结构以及作者的行文步骤和风格，心中有了大致的蓝图之后，即可结合以下各种解题技巧和对文章意思的理解对每个空格作出正确的判断。 2．词内选项句内找原则 从近几年的高考原题来看，近义词或词组的辨析正成为考试的热点。四个选择项要么都是词义相近的名词单数或复数，要么都是近义动词的同一时态等，只能根据上下文的语境作出正确的选择。如果提供的四个选择项词义相差悬殊，则上文或下文肯定有答题提示，有时第一个空格要读完全文才能回答。 易错点一：利用习惯搭配及固定结构解题 秘籍：完形填空题型常常会测试一些固定结构和句式，因此，掌握习惯搭配和固定结构对于解题至关重要。这一技巧主要涉及惯用搭配，注重词汇间的搭配关系，包括连词、动词、副词、形容词、名词以及短语等。其中，动词短语、介词搭配、固定句型等高频考点需熟练掌握。 2023年6月上海高考真题第47题 原文段落： "When Upshur teaches medical students how to diagnose an ailment, he tells them to ______ their inquiry—come up with a list of possibilities, rather than quickly home in on a single solution." 选项： A. cover B. train C. clarify D. broaden 变式1：2022年7月上海高考真题第46题 原文段落： "You know that y'know is among the most common of these ______ forms." 选项： A. perseverance B. complexity C. hesitation D. obligation 变式2：2022年1月上海高考真题第45题 原文段落： "In many cases, researchers had failed to disclose ______ of interest relating to links with the food industry." 选项： A. threats B. matters C. conflicts D. appeals 固定短语 conflict of interest（利益冲突），学术研究中常见搭配。答案：C 易错点二：利用生活常识和文化背景解题 秘籍：结合科学常识、社会现象或文化背景知识辅助解题。完形填空的语篇通常融入了文化科学、历史地理、风俗民情等多方面的知识。在解答题目时，如果能够主动调动个人的文化背景知识和生活经验，并巧妙地应用这些知识，尤其是留意中西文化的差异，将能显著简化复杂的分析和判断过程，节省宝贵的时间，并顺畅地跟随作者的思路继续阅读。 2023年6月上海高考真题第42题 原文段落： "Experts are asking whether doctors' apparent ______ when communicating with patients does more harm than good." 选项： A. victim B. instance C. transparency D. certainty 变式1：2022年7月上海高考真题第43题 原文段落： "Be sensitive to the fact that other people are not comfortable talking about emotional ______." 选项： A. appliances B. substances C. disturbances D. finances 变式2：2022年1月上海高考真题第41题 原文段落： "Artificially sweetened diet drinks make no difference to weight gain and should not be seen as healthier than their sugar-laden counterparts, according to a team of experts." 选项： A. relieve B. oppose C. prevent D. bother 常识中“无糖饮料无法预防肥胖”与研究结论一致，排除其他干扰项。答案：C 易错点三：利用上下文逻辑关系 秘籍：在处理句组层次题目时，运用逻辑关系来解答同样至关重要。完形填空的每个空格都不是孤立的，命题者必须通过上下文提供线索，以确保填入的答案具有唯一性。这些线索正是贯穿全文的逻辑关系。如果在解题过程中忽略了这一点，就相当于只关注了细节而忽略了整体。文章的逻辑关系主要包括列举、因果、让步、对照、递进、目的和条件等。命题者通常会利用连词或介词短语来构建选项。因此，在日常学习中，我们应当学会辨识并牢记这些连词和介词短语所代表的逻辑关系。 2023年6月上海高考真题第41题 原文段落： "Yet they've long been taught that... ______ clear diagnosis and a straightforward course of treatment." 选项： A. On the hand B. Afterwords C. As a result D. Above all ：C 变式1：2022年7月上海高考真题第48题 原文段落： "If the purpose is to tee up a point, we should accept y'know and its friends as a mildly ______ spoken punctuation..." 选项： A. annoying B. striking C. entertaining D. embarrassing 变式2：2022年1月上海高考真题第53题 原文段落： "Leading British nutritionist Professor Susan Jebb said despite the mixed evidence, there was no reason to believe that replacing sugary drinks with artificially sweetened ______ did any harm." 选项： A. initiatives B. alternatives C. objectives D. representatives 易错点四：语义复现 秘籍：即通过原词、同/近义词、上下义词等复现现象锁定答案。 完形填空的文章构成了一个意义紧密相连的语篇，通常围绕一个中心话题展开论述。因此，在行文中，词语的重复、替代或同现现象是不可避免的。也就是说，某个词汇往往会以原形、同义词、近义词或其他形式在语篇中反复出现。词汇复现的语用功能确保了语篇中句子的衔接与连贯性，进而形成一个完整且有机的意义整体。基于这一原则，空格处的答案很可能就是上下文中复现的相关词汇。考生可以利用这些词汇之间的内在联系来确定答案。 2023年6月上海高考真题第45题 原文段落： "If you think about knowledge and what it does, it’s about ______ uncertainty, not about creating certainty." 选项： A. limiting B. hitting C. threatening D. assembling 后文“not creating certainty”提示前文应为“限制不确定性”，limiting 与 uncertainty 复现。答案：A 变式1：上海高考真题示例2：2022年7月上海高考真题第44题 原文段落： "You know that y'know is among the most common of these ______ forms." 选项： A. perseverance B. complexity C. hesitation D. obligation 变式2：2022年1月上海高考真题第49题 原文段落： "Artificially sweetened drinks are a step in the ______ direction to cut calories." 选项： A. wrong B. right C. proper D. opposite 易错点五：作者态度与情感色彩 秘籍：通过褒贬词、评价性语言判断作者立场，排除态度相反选项。 在完形填空的文章中，我们必须在迅速浏览全文的同时，细心辨识出能够体现作者立场和情感倾向的关键词汇。这些词汇通常是名词、形容词、副词或动词。它们往往成为我们解题时的关键线索，有助于我们迅速锁定某些题目的正确选项，或根据作者对人物或事件的正面或负面评价，排除干扰项，作出正确的判断。 2023年6月上海高考真题第48题 原文段落： "Even when you make a diagnosis that you think is firm, you usually don’t have certainty about what would be the best ______ and what the outcomes will be in the long run." 选项： A. identify B. cure C. defend D. cause 变式1：2022年7月上海高考真题第55题 原文段落： "He ______ ‘The conclusion that reduced sugar or sugar-free drinks should not be promoted or seen as part of a healthy diet seems unwarranted and likely to add to public ______.’" 选项： 54. A. transferred B. ranged C. accessed D. added 55. A. fascination B. ambition C.confusion D.isolation 变式2：2022年1月上海高考真题第52题 原文段落： "Artificially sweetened drinks are a step in the ______ direction to cut calories." 选项： A. wrong B. right C. proper D. opposite 1．（2025届·上海杨浦区·统考） Don’t Kick the Robot Over the next decade, our relationships to our devices will become a lot more interesting. Advanced robot companions are extremely well-suited to tap into our social 1 and make us behave as though we’re interacting with something alive. What does it mean to be 2 or physically violent toward an artificial agent? People have already started to 3 . For example, during the mass 4 of virtual voice assistants, parents expressed concern that the little speakers in their living rooms were teaching their kids to be rude. Major companies responded by releasing special features that encouraged the use of languages like ‘ 5 ’ to prevent children from barking commands at the devices. One 2015 research showed that there’s a link between people’s tendencies for sympathy and how they feel toward a robot. But that doesn’t answer the question of whether beating up robots makes people more 6 . Society has asked similar questions about video games, with some 7 results. Just because I play Grand Theft Auto Game doesn’t mean I try to run people over in the car park. Studies show that we behave differently toward embodied robots than characters on a screen, in part because we’re biologically hardwired to 8 physical motion. People will 9 treat any agent that moves like it’s alive. As robot design gets better, the line between alive and lifelike may continue to 10 in our subconscious minds. If so, maybe it would be great for people to take out their aggression and frustration on human-and animal-like robots that mimic pain. 11 , they aren’t harming a living being. On the other hand, it could be bad if it makes people insensitive to violence in other contexts. Would a child who grows up kicking a robot dog find it 12 to kick a real dog? Unfortunately, desensitization (脱敏) remains a difficult thing to study. For now, it seems pretty reasonable to keep robot 13 away from little children. But even for the rest of us, maybe it’s just not cool to treat an artificial agent poorly. Yes, it’s much better than 14 a living, breathing being, but why do it at all? As philosopher Vallor argues, it might be worth 15 kindness, instead. 1．A．media B．nature C．attitude D．change 2．A．orally B．mentally C．emotionally D．physiologically 3．A．suffer B．assume C．wonder D．inspect 4．A．adjustment B．absence C．awareness D．adoption 5．A．please B．sorry C．nasty D．perfect 6．A．tolerant B．violent C．mature D．inconsistent 7．A．definite B．positive C．inconclusive D．inaccurate 8．A．take in B．originate from C．react to D．associate with 9．A．readily B．coldly C．eventually D．obviously 10．A．emerge B．fade C．cross D．move 11．A．In addition B．After all C．In a way D．On the contrary 12．A．harder B．funnier C．easier D．worse 13．A．exposure B．company C．fancy D．abuse 14．A．mistreating B．mismanaging C．misleading D．misunderstanding 15．A．suspecting B．replacing C．spreading D．practising 2．（2025届·上海延安中学·校考） Better diagnoses. Personalized support for patients. Faster drug discovery. Greater efficiency. Artificial intelligence (AD) is generating excitement and hyperbole (夸张) everywhere, but in the field of health care it has the potential to be 1 . In Europe analysts predict that deploying AI could save hundreds of thousands of lives each year; in America, they say, it could also save money, shaving $200 to $360 billion from overall annual medical spending, now $4.5 trillion a year (or 17% of GDP). From smart stethoscopes (听诊器) and robot surgeons to the analysis of large data sets or the ability to chat to a medical AI with a human face, opportunities 2 . There is already evidence that AI systems can enhance 3 accuracy and disease tracking, improve the prediction of patients’ outcomes and suggest better treatments. It can also boost efficiency in hospitals and surgeries by 4 tasks such as medical transcription and monitoring patients, and by streamlining administration. It may already be 5 the time it takes for new drugs to reach clinical trials. New tools, including generative AI, could supercharge these abilities. Yet as our Technology Quarterly this week shows, 6 AI has been used in health care for many years, integration has been slow and the results have often been of average standard. There are good and bad reasons for this. The good reasons are that health care demands high evidentiary 7 when introducing new tools, to protect patients’ safety. The bad reasons involve data, regulation and incentives. Overcoming them could hold lessons for AI in other fields. AI systems learn by processing huge volumes of data, something health-care providers have in abundance. But health data is highly fragmented; strict rules control its use. Governments recognize that patients want their medical 8 protected. But patients also want better and more personalized care. Each year roughly 800,000 Americans suffer from poor medical decision- making. Improving accuracy and reducing 9 in AI tools requires them to be trained on large data sets that reflect patients’ full diversity. Finding secure ways to allow health data to move more freely would help. But it could benefit patients, too: they should be given the right to 10 their own records in a digital format. Consumer-health firms are already making use of data from wearables, with varying success. 11 patients’ records would let people make fuller use of their data and take more responsibility for their health. Another problem is managing and 12 these innovations. In many countries the governance of AI in health, as in other areas, is struggling to keep up with the rapid pace of innovation. Regulatory authorities may be slow to approve new AI tools or may lack capacity and expertise. Governments need to 13 regulators assessing new AI tools. They also need to fill regulatory gaps in the surveillance of adverse events, and in the continuous monitoring of algorithms to ensure they remain accurate, safe, effective and transparent. That will be hard. One solution would be for countries to work together, to learn from each other and create minimum global standards. A less 14 international regulatory system would also help create a market in which small companies can innovate. Poorer countries, with less developed health infrastructure, have much to gain from introducing new tools, such as an AI-powered portable ultrasound device for obstetrics. Because the 15 to an AI tool is often no treatment at all, they may even be able to leapfrog the entrenched health systems of rich countries — though a lack of data, connectivity and computing power will get in the way. 1．A．transformational B．exaggerated C．informative D．capitalized 2．A．popularize B．dominate C．outstand D．flourish 3．A．technological B．administrative C．diagnostic D．theoretical 4．A．getting into B．taking on C．breaking through D．hanging out 5．A．speeding B．devoting C．budgeting D．killing 6．A．whenever B．since C．unless D．although 7．A．certificates B．barriers C．interventions D．qualifications 8．A．interest B．insurance C．symptom D．privacy 9．A．rumors B．misfortunes C．bias D．defeats 10．A．access B．clarify C．investigate D．preserve 11．A．Chronological B．Authentic C．Portable D．Documentary 12．A．advancing B．exploiting C．resisting D．regulating 13．A．dismiss B．anticipate C．facilitate D．stimulate 14．A．exclusive B．problematic C．complex D．indulgent 15．A．counterpart B．alternative C．rival D．contrary 3．（2024·上海嘉定·一模） Carlo Rovelli’s book, There Are Places in the World Where Rules Are Less Important Than Kindness, offers a refreshing perspective on learning, urging readers to pursue curiosity and exploration without worrying about practical outcomes. For Rovelli, 1 isn’t just a means to an end — it’s a way of experiencing the world, asking meaningful questions, and connecting with others. The book celebrates the joy of learning for its own sake, reminding readers that knowledge doesn’t need to be tied to a specific 2 to be valuable. In today’s fast-paced world, people often view education as a tool for 3 — getting good grades, securing a job, or achieving material goals. Rovelli 4 this mindset, showing that true learning is about much more than these practical objectives. It’s about broadening your mind, exploring new ideas, and finding 5 in the process. Rovelli draws on fascinating stories from science, history, and everyday life to make his point. 6 , he reflects on the revolutionary thinkers of the Renaissance (文艺复兴时期) who dared to question the belief that Earth was the center of the universe. These individuals weren’t 7 by profit or fame; they were motivated by pure curiosity and a desire to understand the world. Their discoveries didn’t just change science — they 8 how people viewed their place in the universe. Rovelli uses these examples to show that the act of learning itself can be 9 , inspiring new ways of thinking and seeing the world. Another key theme in the book is the connection between learning and wonder. Rovelli believes that curiosity is one of humanity’s greatest 10 , and he invites readers to cultivate it by exploring topics that arouse their interest. Whether it’s physics, art, philosophy, or even everyday experiences, the process of discovering something 11 can be deeply rewarding. He argues that this sense of wonder is what makes learning worthwhile — not the 12 it might bring. Rovelli also emphasizes that learning should never be limited by rules or expectations. Instead, it should be a creative, 13 journey. He encourages readers to ask big questions, follow their interests, and take time to reflect on what they learn. By doing so, he believes we can 14 a deeper understanding of ourselves and the world around us. In There Are Places in the World Where Rules Are Less Important Than Kindness, Rovelli offers a heartfelt reminder that learning isn’t just about facts or 15 — it’s about curiosity, wonder, and the joy of discovering new possibilities. 1．A．kindness B．thinking C．learning D．practice 2．A．preference B．purpose C．problem D．condition 3．A．communication B．success C．cooperation D．survival 4．A．challenges B．maintain C．presents D．extends 5．A．meaning B．solution C．conflict D．distinction 6．A．What’s more B．For example C．As a result D．On the contrary 7．A．rejected B．pursued C．observed D．driven 8．A．shifted B．revealed C．understood D．noticed 9．A．moderate B．appropriate C．expensive D．transformative 10．A．connections B．traditions C．strengths D．innovations 11．A．similar B．funny C．new D．dark 12．A．growth B．grades C．uncertainty D．wisdom 13．A．short B．affordable C．safe D．personal 14．A．unlock B．complicate C．complement D．expose 15．A．motivations B．interests C．results D．questions 4．（2024·上海宝山·一模） At times we all wish that we knew what other people were thinking. 1 , people’s facial expressions, movements and posture (姿势) can communicate a lot about what is going on in their minds. Understanding these messages hidden in people’s language can require a lot of skill, but Joe Navarro’s book What EVERY BODY is Saying can help 2 that ability. Small changes in body language can help you recognize if someone is . Even when people don’t lie directly, they sometimes try to hide their feelings. Whether you are 4 with people in business or in your personal life, recognizing these feelings can help you look out for their interests and your own. According to Navarro, establishing a baseline for how a person behaves is important to avoid 5 their body language. Most facial expressions and gestures can mean several different things, so 6 when people use certain expressions. Recognizing this baseline can help you understand whether expressions and gestures indicate a(n) 7 to something you said or not. For example, rubbing one’s eyes may be a sign of 8 with a topic. But if the person has been rubbing their eyes 9 , they might just be tired. When people think of body language, facial expressions tend to come to mind, and these can tell you a lot. For example, if someone keeps looking away from you, they might be distracted or uncomfortable, and pressing one’s lips together often indicates 10 . And if someone keeps looking away or covering their mouth, it might mean they are 11 something. Some people have become good at controlling their facial expressions to conceal their 12 . When dealing with someone like that, look at the rest of their body, especially their feet and legs. Many people bounce their feet when they are happy or excited. 13 , if someone feels uncomfortable, they may point their feet away from the person they are speaking to. Proximity (接近，亲近) to other people is also part of body language. People stand closer to people they like or feel comfortable with than to strangers or people they don’t like. And posture also 14 . Sitting or standing up straight can show that someone feels confident, while sitting with crossed arms indicates that they feel 15 or uncomfortable. Body language can communicate a lot about people's thoughts and feelings, and thus, help you relate to them. 1．A．Frequently B．Generally C．Fortunately D．Frankly 2．A．provide B．develop C．discover D．arouse 3．A．lying B．thinking C．changing D．wishing 4．A．cooperating B．negotiating C．investigating D．interacting 5．A．misguiding B．misinterpreting C．mistrusting D．mismanaging 6．A．look out B．give out C．figure out D．put out 7．A．reaction B．result C．instinct D．insight 8．A．satisfaction B．anxiety C．appreciation D．discomfort 9．A．occasionally B．constantly C．suddenly D．gradually 10．A．agreement B．excitement C．depression D．displeasure 11．A．hiding B．criticizing C．transferring D．explaining 12．A．habits B．expressions C．emotions D．advantages 13．A．In principle B．In contrast C．In all D．In reality 14．A．adjusts B．follows C．moves D．matters 15．A．defensive B．ambitious C．dependent D．Aggressive 5.（2025·上海闵行·一模） Effective monitoring of endangered species is key to their survival. Studying the 1 , range, and habits of wild animals is essential to ensure their habitat remains free from development and illegal hunters. Traditional methods of monitoring wild animals, especially large ones, include radio-tagging (无线电标记). To do this, individual animals must at first be captured so that collars can be 2 . One organization that 3 this technique was WildTrack. In the late 1990s, the team was using radio-collars to monitor black rhinos (犀牛) in Namibia. However, the team soon realized that the chemicals used to immobilize the rhino to fit the collars 4 female fertility. Not only that but also a large proportion of the radio-collars 5 within the first 6 months and had to be replaced. 6 , as animals grew, the collars would tighten, annoying or even hurting them. The method was costly and had the unintended 7 of altering the rhinos’ behavior, making the collected data unreliable. At the same time, the team was working alongside local 8 . Animal tracking is one of the oldest human skills, and these experts have years of experience in identifying individual animals by their footprints. They could effectively create a true picture of individual rhinos’ activities without the use of any invasive (侵入的) techniques. Consequently, the team were interested to know whether the trackers’ knowledge could be effectively 9 a computerized technique for monitoring animal movement. Within each species, each individual has its own unique foot 10 . If an animal is sighted and identified just once, and the characteristics of its footprints are properly photographed and measured, its footprint can be 11 whenever it is sighted again. If that is done repeatedly, conservationists can draw up a 12 of all, or at least a significant proportion of the individuals within the population. After that, conservationists can use it to identify an animal and its movements by its print. The data gathered can be used for a range of 13 , for example, to monitor biodiversity. WildTrack is currently using footprint identification technology in Greece to study the potential effect of a large highway construction through brown bear habitat. Identifying an animal from its footprint is not without its 14 , however, as each time the individual places its foot on the ground, it leaves a slightly different track, according to the ground type, moisture (湿度), and movement. To account for these 15 , it is necessary to collect multiple tracks from each animal on a range of surfaces. 1．A．flexibility B．diet C．movement D．behavior 2．A．fixed B．updated C．removed D．examined 3．A．opposed B．developed C．promoted D．adopted 4．A．enhanced B．harmed C．tested D．ensured 5．A．lasted B．matched C．failed D．bent 6．A．Therefore B．However C．Likewise D．Moreover 7．A．consequence B．mistake C．cause D．target 8．A．programmers B．photographers C．trackers D．officials 9．A．compared to B．translated into C．integrated into D．classified into 10．A．features B．sizes C．colors D．shapes 11．A．copied B．recognized C．erased D．marked 12．A．budget B．schedule C．blueprint D．database 13．A．purposes B．experiments C．solutions D．services 14．A．limitations B．losses C．challenges D．concerns 15．A．variations B．signs C．factors D．standards 6．（2025届·上海金山区·统考） July 19th was a day for IT heroes. A routine software update caused computer outages in offices, hospitals and airports worldwide. Most white-collar workers looked sadly at their screens and realized just how useless they are if they cannot 1 . People in IT came to the rescue of helpless colleagues and 2 passengers. Their work that day was full of stress— but also full of meaning. If machines can add purpose to some jobs when they fail, what about when they work 3 ? This is not an idle question, but a serious one. Discussions about A in particular easily get lost in aypotherical (假设的) debates about wholesale job losses or, worse, the nature of consciousness. But technologies tend to spread in less 4 ways, task by task rather than role by role. Before machines replace individuals, they change the nature of the work they do. That transformation is likely to affect job satisfaction. Many employees give 5 to non-monetary rewards, such as job interest and engagement. A recent discussion paper surveyed American workers who had 6 jobs to find out whether and why they thought their new positions were better; they found that interest in the work mattered more to people than pay and benefits. However, a study revealed a concerning 7 : Robots in industrial settings reduced the perceived meaningfulness of jobs across the board, 8 age, gender, skills and the type of work. While machines can theoretically free up time for more interesting tasks, 9 , they seem to have had the opposite effect. Why might this be? They find that industrial robots make jobs less physically demanding. But the number of tasks that remain open to humans 10 , hurting both the variety of work and people’s understanding of the production process. Work becomes more routine, not less. However, machines don’t always have a (n) 11 impact. For example, in service industries like health care, less time spent on boring work might indeed mean more time with patients. Consumer reactions to automation can also 12 . In an experiment to test how customers reacted to different descriptions of a cooking set, people who 13 being skilled chefs really didn’t like products that promised to do everything at the touch of a button. A technology that cuts down on boring tasks is fine; one that 14 your sense of identity is not. While it is stil too early to know how AI will affect the quality of work, one thing is clear: machines can make employees feel 15 about their work. Introducing new technologies in cooperation with employees, rather than imposing (勉强) them, and enhancing their sense of competence are crucial. Bosses who ignore these issues are missing something meaningful. 1．A．log in B．opt out C．show off D．hurry up 2．A．stranded B．responsible C．hesitant D．embarrassed 3．A．properly B．purposelessly C．continuously D．unwillingly 4．A．accessible B．casual C．dramatic D．dynamic 5．A．rise B．way C．priority D．insight 6．A．created B．switched C．completed D．evaluated 7．A．cause B．concept C．secret D．trend 8．A．rather than B．in case of C．according to D．regardless of 9．A．in practice B．as a result C．in short D．in addition 10．A．exists B．continues C．decreases D．emerges 11．A．negative B．powerful C．immediate D．significant 12．A．cease B．occur C．impress D．vary 13．A．occupied themselves with B．prided themselves on C．concentrated themselves on D．freed themselves of 14．A．lacks B．heightens C．threatens D．maintains 15．A．anxiously B．differently C．strongly D．oddly 7．（2025届·上海宝山区·月考） I was thrilled to cover a new expedition to Qomolangma as a journalist. However, as I got off the vehicle at the base camp, I was immediately 1 by dizziness and shortness of breath — 2 of mountain sickness. Even the act of taking a few steps demanded an extraordinary amount of 3 . At that moment, a question 4 within me: Why do people keep climbing Mount Qomolangma? When asked this question, British mountaineer George Mallory gave his famous 5 : “Because it’s there.” Mallory reminded me of countless climbers who have put their lives at risk to 6 the mountain’s towering height with their own footsteps. They encounter an almost vertical (垂直的) wall close to the top. It is so difficult to find 7 points for climbing that the earliest climbers thought no one could 8 the wall. In 1960, Liu Lianman, a Chinese climber, let his teammates 9 on his shoulders to cross the wall. Already 10 , he gathered all his strength to uplift his teammates. Though his 11 did not appear on the list of those who reached the top, Liu is undoubtedly a true 12 . I recalled the interview with Dong Hongjuan, the first woman to conquer (征服) 14 mountains above 8,000 meters, who 13 understands how small humans are compared to 14 . She told me: “I never felt I conquered those mountains; it’s just that the mountains 15 me.” 1．A．struck B．taught C．found D．drawn 2．A．causes B．types C．risks D．signs 3．A．patience B．money C．energy D．practice 4．A．ended B．arose C．remained D．lay 5．A．suggestion B．response C．conclusion D．guidance 6．A．adjust B．cover C．measure D．confirm 7．A．check B．view C．rest D．support 8．A．get past B．come across C．go through D．take back 9．A．work B．fight C．cry D．step 10．A．exhausted B．terrified C．annoyed D．disappointed 11．A．story B．name C．act D．failure 12．A．champion B．talent C．hero D．friend 13．A．hardly B．slightly C．firstly D．truly 14．A．time B．life C．nature D．success 15．A．protected B．accepted C．admired D．discovered / 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 抢分秘籍03 完形填空 目录 【高考预测】完形填空概率预测+题型预测+考向预测........................................................................................01 【思维导图】完形填空考点考向思维导图............................................................................................................02 【应试秘籍】完形填空常考点及应对的策略........................................................................................................02 【误区点拨】完形填空点拨常见的易错点............................................................................................................04 【抢分通关】完形填空押题新高考方向，讲解通关策略（含新考法）............................................................09 概率预测 ☆☆☆☆☆ 题型预测 动词题、名词题、形容词题、副词题、其它（介词、连词等虚词） 考向预测 动词题5-6个、名词题4-5个、形容词题3-4个、副词题1-2个、其它（介词、连词等虚词）1-2个 2025年上海高考英语完形填空将延续“语义优先、逻辑为王”的命题思路，同时强化对跨段落信息整合能力的考查。备考需结合上海高考真题规律、高频词汇及科学训练方法，以提升语境敏感度与逻辑分析能力为核心目标。 ☆☆☆☆☆ 完形填空不仅考查学生对所学词汇、语法等基础知识的综合运用能力，而且考查学生的阅读能力；不仅考查学生的知识背景，而且考查学生的逻辑推理和篇章结构理解等综合能力。它的命题原则是“以实词为主，虚词为辅，突出词汇语境化”。完形填空解题套路如下：​ （一）通读全文，掌握大意​ 拿到题目后，不要急于看选项、填答案，而是快速浏览全文。重点关注文章的首句和尾句，首句往往会引出文章的主题，为后续内容奠定基础；尾句则可能对文章进行总结、升华，传达作者的意图。在浏览过程中，了解文章的体裁、大致内容和主旨方向，对文章有一个整体的框架认识。例如，如果文章首句是 “With the rapid development of artificial intelligence, our daily lives are being transformed in unexpected ways.”，就可以知道文章围绕人工智能对日常生活的影响展开，在后续阅读中更有针对性地关注相关信息。​ （二）逐空分析，先易后难​ 判断词性与语法要求：阅读到每个空格时，首先根据句子结构判断该空所需词汇的词性。如果句子缺少谓语动词，就从选项中的动词形式中筛选；若该空在名词前，可能需要一个形容词来修饰。同时，考虑句子的语法规则，如时态、语态、主谓一致等。例如，“The project ______ （complete） next month will bring great benefits to the community.”，根据时间状语 “next month” 可知应用一般将来时，且 “project” 与 “complete” 是被动关系，所以应填 “will be completed”。​ 结合上下文逻辑：从上下文寻找线索，判断该空与前后文的逻辑关系。如果前文描述了一个问题，后文提到了解决办法，那么中间的空可能需要一个表示因果关系的词。例如，“He missed the bus this morning. ______, he was late for school.”，这里应填 “Therefore”。对于一些较难判断的空，可以先暂时搁置，继续往下读，随着对文章理解的深入，可能会从后文找到提示。​ 进行词义辨析：当通过词性和逻辑筛选出几个可能的选项后，仔细辨析它们的词义。注意近义词、同根词的细微差别，结合语境选择最恰当的词汇。比如，“The ______ of the new policy has caused a lot of discussion.”，选项中有 “effect”（影响）和 “affect”（影响，动词），这里需要一个名词，所以应选 “effect”；若选项中有 “influence”，则要进一步分析 “effect” 和 “influence” 在语境中的细微差别，“effect” 更强调直接产生的结果，“influence” 侧重于潜移默化的影响，根据文章具体语境选择。​ （三）复读全文，检查验证​ 完成所有填空后，再次通读全文。从语法、词汇、逻辑和语篇等多个角度进行检查。检查语法是否正确，句子结构是否完整，词汇搭配是否合理，文章逻辑是否连贯，整体意思是否通顺。如果发现有不顺畅或不合理的地方，仔细分析并进行修改。例如，检查到某句话 “Although he worked hard, but he still failed the exam.” 存在语法错误，“although” 和 “but” 不能同时使用，应删去 “but”。通过认真检查，确保答案的准确性和完整性，提高得分率。​ 坚持两大原则： 1．语义优先于语法原则 文章的开头部分尤其是第一句话不设空格，它起到的作用是对所选短文的题材和可能涉及的内容作简单的介绍或提示，并且不同于全国卷和其他各种考试类型(如考研等)中的完形填空，单纯的语法题已从该题型中彻底消失。如果一味按照语法规则来选择答案，就必定陷入了答题误区，无任何选项得以被排除。 每一题脱离语境上下文后四个选项都必定符合语法规则。所以理解文章的主旨大意，快速识别语篇类型(是议论文还是说明文，并进一步识别是其中具体某一类)，进而预判篇章结构以及作者的行文步骤和风格，心中有了大致的蓝图之后，即可结合以下各种解题技巧和对文章意思的理解对每个空格作出正确的判断。 2．词内选项句内找原则 从近几年的高考原题来看，近义词或词组的辨析正成为考试的热点。四个选择项要么都是词义相近的名词单数或复数，要么都是近义动词的同一时态等，只能根据上下文的语境作出正确的选择。如果提供的四个选择项词义相差悬殊，则上文或下文肯定有答题提示，有时第一个空格要读完全文才能回答。 易错点一：利用习惯搭配及固定结构解题 秘籍：完形填空题型常常会测试一些固定结构和句式，因此，掌握习惯搭配和固定结构对于解题至关重要。这一技巧主要涉及惯用搭配，注重词汇间的搭配关系，包括连词、动词、副词、形容词、名词以及短语等。其中，动词短语、介词搭配、固定句型等高频考点需熟练掌握。 2023年6月上海高考真题第47题 原文段落： "When Upshur teaches medical students how to diagnose an ailment, he tells them to ______ their inquiry—come up with a list of possibilities, rather than quickly home in on a single solution." 选项： A. cover B. train C. clarify D. broaden 破解： 固定搭配 broaden one's inquiry（扩大调查范围）。后文提到“不要快速聚焦单一答案”，需选择表“扩展”的动词。答案：D 变式1：2022年7月上海高考真题第46题 原文段落： "You know that y'know is among the most common of these ______ forms." 选项： A. perseverance B. complexity C. hesitation D. obligation 破解： 固定表达 hesitation forms（犹豫形式），指说话时的停顿词。答案：C 变式2：2022年1月上海高考真题第45题 原文段落： "In many cases, researchers had failed to disclose ______ of interest relating to links with the food industry." 选项： A. threats B. matters C. conflicts D. appeals 破解：固定短语 conflict of interest（利益冲突），学术研究中常见搭配。答案：C 易错点二：利用生活常识和文化背景解题 秘籍：结合科学常识、社会现象或文化背景知识辅助解题。完形填空的语篇通常融入了文化科学、历史地理、风俗民情等多方面的知识。在解答题目时，如果能够主动调动个人的文化背景知识和生活经验，并巧妙地应用这些知识，尤其是留意中西文化的差异，将能显著简化复杂的分析和判断过程，节省宝贵的时间，并顺畅地跟随作者的思路继续阅读。 2023年6月上海高考真题第42题 原文段落： "Experts are asking whether doctors' apparent ______ when communicating with patients does more harm than good." 选项： A. victim B. instance C. transparency D. certainty 破解：医学场景中，医生过度“确定性”可能误导患者，结合常识“医学非绝对精确”可锁定选项。答案：D 变式1：2022年7月上海高考真题第43题 原文段落： "Be sensitive to the fact that other people are not comfortable talking about emotional ______." 选项： A. appliances B. substances C. disturbances D. finances 破解：情感话题的敏感性涉及心理学常识，“情绪困扰”比其他选项更贴合语境。答案：C 变式2：2022年1月上海高考真题第41题 原文段落： "Artificially sweetened diet drinks make no difference to weight gain and should not be seen as healthier than their sugar-laden counterparts, according to a team of experts." 选项： A. relieve B. oppose C. prevent D. bother 破解： 常识中“无糖饮料无法预防肥胖”与研究结论一致，排除其他干扰项。答案：C 易错点三：利用上下文逻辑关系 秘籍：在处理句组层次题目时，运用逻辑关系来解答同样至关重要。完形填空的每个空格都不是孤立的，命题者必须通过上下文提供线索，以确保填入的答案具有唯一性。这些线索正是贯穿全文的逻辑关系。如果在解题过程中忽略了这一点，就相当于只关注了细节而忽略了整体。文章的逻辑关系主要包括列举、因果、让步、对照、递进、目的和条件等。命题者通常会利用连词或介词短语来构建选项。因此，在日常学习中，我们应当学会辨识并牢记这些连词和介词短语所代表的逻辑关系。 2023年6月上海高考真题第41题 原文段落： "Yet they've long been taught that... ______ clear diagnosis and a straightforward course of treatment." 选项： A. On the hand B. Afterwords C. As a result D. Above all 破解： 前文“医生习惯用数据决策”与后文“患者期待明确诊断”为因果关系，As a result 表结果。答案：C 变式1：2022年7月上海高考真题第48题 原文段落： "If the purpose is to tee up a point, we should accept y'know and its friends as a mildly ______ spoken punctuation..." 选项： A. annoying B. striking C. entertaining D. embarrassing 破解：前文“目的是吸引注意”与后文“轻微恼人”形成解释关系，通过 if...should 结构对应。答案：A 变式2：2022年1月上海高考真题第53题 原文段落： "Leading British nutritionist Professor Susan Jebb said despite the mixed evidence, there was no reason to believe that replacing sugary drinks with artificially sweetened ______ did any harm." 选项： A. initiatives B. alternatives C. objectives D. representatives 破解： 前文“替代品”与后文“replace”形成同义复现，alternatives 直接对应。答案：B 易错点四：语义复现 秘籍：即通过原词、同/近义词、上下义词等复现现象锁定答案。 完形填空的文章构成了一个意义紧密相连的语篇，通常围绕一个中心话题展开论述。因此，在行文中，词语的重复、替代或同现现象是不可避免的。也就是说，某个词汇往往会以原形、同义词、近义词或其他形式在语篇中反复出现。词汇复现的语用功能确保了语篇中句子的衔接与连贯性，进而形成一个完整且有机的意义整体。基于这一原则，空格处的答案很可能就是上下文中复现的相关词汇。考生可以利用这些词汇之间的内在联系来确定答案。 2023年6月上海高考真题第45题 原文段落： "If you think about knowledge and what it does, it’s about ______ uncertainty, not about creating certainty." 选项： A. limiting B. hitting C. threatening D. assembling 破解：后文“not creating certainty”提示前文应为“限制不确定性”，limiting 与 uncertainty 复现。答案：A 变式1：上海高考真题示例2：2022年7月上海高考真题第44题 原文段落： "You know that y'know is among the most common of these ______ forms." 选项： A. perseverance B. complexity C. hesitation D. obligation 破解： 前文“hesitation forms”与后文“filler words”语义复现，均指说话停顿词。答案：C 变式2：2022年1月上海高考真题第49题 原文段落： "Artificially sweetened drinks are a step in the ______ direction to cut calories." 选项： A. wrong B. right C. proper D. opposite 破解： 后文“cut calories”与“健康方向”语义一致，right 符合语境。答案：B 易错点五：作者态度与情感色彩 秘籍：通过褒贬词、评价性语言判断作者立场，排除态度相反选项。 在完形填空的文章中，我们必须在迅速浏览全文的同时，细心辨识出能够体现作者立场和情感倾向的关键词汇。这些词汇通常是名词、形容词、副词或动词。它们往往成为我们解题时的关键线索，有助于我们迅速锁定某些题目的正确选项，或根据作者对人物或事件的正面或负面评价，排除干扰项，作出正确的判断。 2023年6月上海高考真题第48题 原文段落： "Even when you make a diagnosis that you think is firm, you usually don’t have certainty about what would be the best ______ and what the outcomes will be in the long run." 选项： A. identify B. cure C. defend D. cause 破解： 医生对治疗方案的“不确定性”体现科学严谨态度，排除绝对化词汇如 identify。答案：B 变式1：2022年7月上海高考真题第55题 原文段落： "He ______ ‘The conclusion that reduced sugar or sugar-free drinks should not be promoted or seen as part of a healthy diet seems unwarranted and likely to add to public ______.’" 选项： 54. A. transferred B. ranged C. accessed D. added 55. A. fascination B. ambition C.confusion D.isolation 破解： 教授“补充观点”（added）且认为结论“混乱”（confusion），符合学术讨论的中立态度。答案：DC 变式2：2022年1月上海高考真题第52题 原文段落： "Artificially sweetened drinks are a step in the ______ direction to cut calories." 选项： A. wrong B. right C. proper D. opposite 破解： 作者肯定代糖饮料的积极作用，right 体现积极态度，排除消极词如 wrong。答案：B 1．（2025届·上海杨浦区·统考） Don’t Kick the Robot Over the next decade, our relationships to our devices will become a lot more interesting. Advanced robot companions are extremely well-suited to tap into our social 1 and make us behave as though we’re interacting with something alive. What does it mean to be 2 or physically violent toward an artificial agent? People have already started to 3 . For example, during the mass 4 of virtual voice assistants, parents expressed concern that the little speakers in their living rooms were teaching their kids to be rude. Major companies responded by releasing special features that encouraged the use of languages like ‘ 5 ’ to prevent children from barking commands at the devices. One 2015 research showed that there’s a link between people’s tendencies for sympathy and how they feel toward a robot. But that doesn’t answer the question of whether beating up robots makes people more 6 . Society has asked similar questions about video games, with some 7 results. Just because I play Grand Theft Auto Game doesn’t mean I try to run people over in the car park. Studies show that we behave differently toward embodied robots than characters on a screen, in part because we’re biologically hardwired to 8 physical motion. People will 9 treat any agent that moves like it’s alive. As robot design gets better, the line between alive and lifelike may continue to 10 in our subconscious minds. If so, maybe it would be great for people to take out their aggression and frustration on human-and animal-like robots that mimic pain. 11 , they aren’t harming a living being. On the other hand, it could be bad if it makes people insensitive to violence in other contexts. Would a child who grows up kicking a robot dog find it 12 to kick a real dog? Unfortunately, desensitization (脱敏) remains a difficult thing to study. For now, it seems pretty reasonable to keep robot 13 away from little children. But even for the rest of us, maybe it’s just not cool to treat an artificial agent poorly. Yes, it’s much better than 14 a living, breathing being, but why do it at all? As philosopher Vallor argues, it might be worth 15 kindness, instead. 1．A．media B．nature C．attitude D．change 2．A．orally B．mentally C．emotionally D．physiologically 3．A．suffer B．assume C．wonder D．inspect 4．A．adjustment B．absence C．awareness D．adoption 5．A．please B．sorry C．nasty D．perfect 6．A．tolerant B．violent C．mature D．inconsistent 7．A．definite B．positive C．inconclusive D．inaccurate 8．A．take in B．originate from C．react to D．associate with 9．A．readily B．coldly C．eventually D．obviously 10．A．emerge B．fade C．cross D．move 11．A．In addition B．After all C．In a way D．On the contrary 12．A．harder B．funnier C．easier D．worse 13．A．exposure B．company C．fancy D．abuse 14．A．mistreating B．mismanaging C．misleading D．misunderstanding 15．A．suspecting B．replacing C．spreading D．practising 【答案】 1．B 2．A 3．C 4．D 5．A 6．B 7．C 8．C 9．A 10．B 11．B 12．C 13．D 14．A 15．D 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲的是人类与人工智能体（特别是机器人）之间关系的演变，以及这种关系可能带来的社会和心理影响。 1．考查名词词义辨析。句意：先进的机器人伴侣非常适合挖掘我们的社交天性，让我们的行为就像我们在与活物互动一样。A． media媒体；B． nature天性；C． attitude态度；D． change改变。根据下文“make us behave as though we’re interacting with something alive”可知，此处是指机器人非常适合挖掘我们的社交天性。故选B。 2．考查副词词义辨析。句意：对人工智能体实施口头或身体暴力意味着什么？A． orally口头上地；B． mentally精神上；C． emotionally情绪上；D． physiologically生理学方面。根据第5空后“prevent children from barking commands at the devices”可知，此处是指对人工智能体实施口头暴力，空格处意为“口头上地”。故选A。 3．考查动词词义辨析。句意：人们已经开始怀疑了。A． suffer遭受；B． assume假定；C． wonder想知道；D． inspect检查，审视。根据下文“parents expressed concern that the little speakers in their living rooms were teaching their kids to be rude”可知，人们已经开始怀疑人们和人工智能体的关系。固定搭配start to wonder“开始想知道：开始对某事产生疑问或好奇心”。故选C。 4．考查名词词义辨析。句意：例如，在大量采用虚拟语音助手期间，家长们担心客厅里的小扬声器会教会孩子们变得粗鲁。A． adjustment调整；B． absence缺席；C． awareness意识；D． adoption采用。根据下文“the little speakers in their living rooms were teaching their kids to be rude”可知，此处是指采用虚拟语音助手。故选D。 5．考查感叹词词义辨析和形容词词义辨析。句意：大公司的回应是发布了一些特殊功能，鼓励使用“请”等语言，以防止孩子们对着这些设备吠叫。A． please请；B． sorry对不起；C． nasty恶毒的；D． perfect完美的。根据下文“to prevent children from barking commands at the devices”可知，为了防止孩子对人工智能体的语言暴力，所以鼓励使用“请”这种礼貌用语。故选A。 6．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：但这并没有回答殴打机器人是否会让人变得更暴力的问题。A． tolerant容忍的；B． violent暴力的；C． mature成熟的；D． inconsistent不一致的。根据上文“whether beating up robots makes people more”可知，此处是指殴打机器人是否会让人变得更暴力。故选B。 7．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：社会对电子游戏也提出了类似的问题，但有些结果不确定。A． definite肯定的；B． positive积极的；C． inconclusive不确定的；D． inaccurate不准确的。根据下文“Just because I play Grand Theft Auto Game doesn’t mean I try to run people over in the car park．”可知，结果是不确定的。故选C。 8．考查动词短语辨析。句意：研究表明，我们对机器人的反应与对屏幕上人物的反应不同，部分原因是我们天生就会对身体运动做出反应。A． take in吸收；B． originate from起源于；C． react to对……做出反应；D． associate with和……联系在一起。根据上文“we behave differently toward embodied robots than characters on a screen, in part because we’re biologically hardwired to”可知，我们天生就会对身体运动做出反应。故选C。 9．考查副词词义辨析。句意：人们会很容易地把任何行动起来像是有生命一样的实体视为有生命的。A． readily容易地；B． coldly冷淡地；C． eventually最后；D． obviously显然。根据下文“treat any agent that moves like it’s alive”和常识可知，人们会很容易地把任何行动起来像是有生命一样的实体视为有生命的，空格处意为“容易地”。故选A。 10．考查动词词义辨析。句意：随着机器人的设计越来越好，在我们的潜意识里，活生生和栩栩如生之间的界限可能会逐渐消失。A．emerge出现；B．fade消失；C．cross穿过；D．move移动。根据上文“As robot design gets better”可知，随着机器人的设计越来越好，活生生和栩栩如生之间的界限可能会逐渐消失。故选B。 11．考查介词短语辨析。句意：毕竟，他们并没有伤害任何生物。A．In addition另外；B．After all毕竟；C．In a way在某种程度上；D．On the contrary相反。根据上文“it would be great for people to take out their aggression and frustration on human-and animal-like robots that mimic pain”和下文“they aren’t harming a living being”可知，此处表示毕竟他们并没有伤害任何生物。故选B。 12．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：一个踢机器狗长大的孩子会觉得踢真狗更容易吗？A．harder更难的；B．funnier更有趣的；C．easier更容易的；D．worse更糟的。根据下文“Unfortunately, desensitization (脱敏) remains a difficult thing to study”可知，此处是问一个踢机器狗长大的孩子会觉得踢真狗更容易吗。故选C。 13．考查名词词义辨析。句意：就目前而言，让孩子远离机器人虐待似乎是相当合理的。A．exposure暴露；B．company公司；C．fancy想象；D．abuse虐待。根据第一段“What does it mean to be 2 or physically violent toward an artificial agent?”可知，此处是指让孩子远离机器人虐待。故选D。 14．考查动词词义辨析。句意：是的，这比虐待一个活生生的、有呼吸的生物要好得多，但为什么要这样做呢？A．mistreating虐待；B．mismanaging对……管理不善；C．misleading误导；D．misunderstanding误解。根据上文“treat an artificial agent poorly”可知，此处是指“这比虐待一个活生生的、有呼吸的生物要好得多”。故选A。 15．考查动词词义辨析。句意：正如哲学家Vallor所言，相反，练习善良可能是值得的。A．suspecting怀疑；B．replacing代替；C．spreading传播；D．practising练习。根据上文“keep robot abuse away from little children”可知，远离机器人虐待，也就是要练习善良。故选D。 2．（2025届·上海延安中学·校考） Better diagnoses. Personalized support for patients. Faster drug discovery. Greater efficiency. Artificial intelligence (AD) is generating excitement and hyperbole (夸张) everywhere, but in the field of health care it has the potential to be 1 . In Europe analysts predict that deploying AI could save hundreds of thousands of lives each year; in America, they say, it could also save money, shaving $200 to $360 billion from overall annual medical spending, now $4.5 trillion a year (or 17% of GDP). From smart stethoscopes (听诊器) and robot surgeons to the analysis of large data sets or the ability to chat to a medical AI with a human face, opportunities 2 . There is already evidence that AI systems can enhance 3 accuracy and disease tracking, improve the prediction of patients’ outcomes and suggest better treatments. It can also boost efficiency in hospitals and surgeries by 4 tasks such as medical transcription and monitoring patients, and by streamlining administration. It may already be 5 the time it takes for new drugs to reach clinical trials. New tools, including generative AI, could supercharge these abilities. Yet as our Technology Quarterly this week shows, 6 AI has been used in health care for many years, integration has been slow and the results have often been of average standard. There are good and bad reasons for this. The good reasons are that health care demands high evidentiary 7 when introducing new tools, to protect patients’ safety. The bad reasons involve data, regulation and incentives. Overcoming them could hold lessons for AI in other fields. AI systems learn by processing huge volumes of data, something health-care providers have in abundance. But health data is highly fragmented; strict rules control its use. Governments recognize that patients want their medical 8 protected. But patients also want better and more personalized care. Each year roughly 800,000 Americans suffer from poor medical decision- making. Improving accuracy and reducing 9 in AI tools requires them to be trained on large data sets that reflect patients’ full diversity. Finding secure ways to allow health data to move more freely would help. But it could benefit patients, too: they should be given the right to 10 their own records in a digital format. Consumer-health firms are already making use of data from wearables, with varying success. 11 patients’ records would let people make fuller use of their data and take more responsibility for their health. Another problem is managing and 12 these innovations. In many countries the governance of AI in health, as in other areas, is struggling to keep up with the rapid pace of innovation. Regulatory authorities may be slow to approve new AI tools or may lack capacity and expertise. Governments need to 13 regulators assessing new AI tools. They also need to fill regulatory gaps in the surveillance of adverse events, and in the continuous monitoring of algorithms to ensure they remain accurate, safe, effective and transparent. That will be hard. One solution would be for countries to work together, to learn from each other and create minimum global standards. A less 14 international regulatory system would also help create a market in which small companies can innovate. Poorer countries, with less developed health infrastructure, have much to gain from introducing new tools, such as an AI-powered portable ultrasound device for obstetrics. Because the 15 to an AI tool is often no treatment at all, they may even be able to leapfrog the entrenched health systems of rich countries — though a lack of data, connectivity and computing power will get in the way. 1．A．transformational B．exaggerated C．informative D．capitalized 2．A．popularize B．dominate C．outstand D．flourish 3．A．technological B．administrative C．diagnostic D．theoretical 4．A．getting into B．taking on C．breaking through D．hanging out 5．A．speeding B．devoting C．budgeting D．killing 6．A．whenever B．since C．unless D．although 7．A．certificates B．barriers C．interventions D．qualifications 8．A．interest B．insurance C．symptom D．privacy 9．A．rumors B．misfortunes C．bias D．defeats 10．A．access B．clarify C．investigate D．preserve 11．A．Chronological B．Authentic C．Portable D．Documentary 12．A．advancing B．exploiting C．resisting D．regulating 13．A．dismiss B．anticipate C．facilitate D．stimulate 14．A．exclusive B．problematic C．complex D．indulgent 15．A．counterpart B．alternative C．rival D．contrary 【答案】 1．A 2．D 3．C 4．B 5．A 6．D 7．B 8．D 9．C 10．A 11．C 12．D 13．C 14．C 15．B 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了人工智能在医疗保健领域的潜力、挑战以及如何克服这些挑战以实现更好的医疗服务。 1．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：人工智能在各个领域引发了巨大热情和夸张宣传，但在医疗领域却具有变革的潜力。A． transformational变革的；B． exaggerated夸张的；C． informative信息量大的；D． capitalized资本化的。根据上文“Better diagnoses． Personalized support for patients． Faster drug discovery． Greater efficiency．”可知，人工智能在医疗保健领域可以做出很多改进，所以这里表示它有变革性的潜力。故选A。 2．考查动词词义辨析。句意：从智能听诊器、机器人外科医生，到大型数据集的分析，或是与拥有人类面孔的医疗人工智能进行聊天的能力，机会不断涌现、繁荣发展。A． popularize普及；B． dominate统治；C． outstand突出；D． flourish繁荣。根据上文“Artificial intelligence is generating excitement and hyperbole everywhere, but in the field of health care it has the potential to be __1__． In Europe analysts predict that deploying AI could save hundreds of thousands of lives each year; in America, they say, it could also save money, shaving $200 to $360 billion from overall annual medical spending, now $4．5 trillion a year (or 17% of GDP)．”可知，人工智能在医疗保健领域有变革性的潜力，所以机会的发展和出现是繁荣的体现。故选D。 3．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：已经有证据表明，人工智能系统可以提高诊断准确性和疾病追踪能力，改善对患者预后的预测，并提出更好的治疗方案。A． technological技术的；B． administrative管理的；C． diagnostic诊断的；D． theoretical理论的。根据下文“accuracy and disease tracking, improve the prediction of patients’ outcomes and suggest better treatments”可知，人工智能对诊断准确性的提升。故选C。 4．考查动词短语辨析。句意：通过接手医学抄写和病人监测等任务，并通过简化管理，AI可以提高医院和手术的效率。A． getting into进入；B． taking on承担；C． breaking through突破；D． hanging out闲逛。根据上文“It can also boost efficiency in hospitals and surgeries”可知，AI通过承担任务提高效率。故选B。 5．考查动词词义辨析。句意：它可能已经加快了新药进入临床试验的时间。A． speeding加速；B． devoting奉献；C． budgeting预算；D． killing杀死。根据下文“New tools, including generative AI, could supercharge these abilities．”可知，包括生成式AI在内的新工具可以极大地增强这些能力，所以AI可以通过提升效率来加速进程。故选A。 6．考查连词词义辨析。句意：然而，正如我们本周的技术季刊所示，尽管AI在医疗保健领域已经使用了多年，但整合速度缓慢，结果往往只是平均水平。A． whenever无论何时；B． since自从；C． unless除非；D． although尽管。根据上文“et as our Technology Quarterly this week shows”以及下文“AI has been used in health care for many years, integration has been slow and the results have often been of average standard．”可知，前后语境有对比转折关系。故选D。 7．考查名词词义辨析。句意：好的原因是，医疗保健在引入新工具时要求有高证明标准，以保障患者安全。A． certificates证书；B． barriers障碍；C． interventions干预；D． qualifications资格。根据下文“when introducing new tools, to protect patients’ safety．”可知，医疗工具需要高标准的证明。故选B。 8．考查名词词义辨析。句意：政府认识到患者希望他们的医疗隐私得到保护。A． interest利益；B． insurance保险；C． symptom症状；D． privacy隐私。根据上文“AI systems learn by processing huge volumes of data, something health-care providers have in abundance． But health data is highly fragmented; strict rules control its use．”可知，AI系统通过处理大量数据来学习，而医疗保健提供者拥有大量的数据。但是，医疗数据高度分散，并且受到严格规则的控制。政府认识到患者不愿意分享的正是其隐私。故选D。 9．考查名词词义辨析。句意：提高AI工具的准确性和减少偏见需要它们在反映患者多样性的大型数据集上进行训练。A． rumors 谣言；B． misfortunes 不幸；C． bias 偏见；D． defeats 失败。根据上文“Improving accuracy”以及下文“in AI tools requires them to be trained on large data sets that reflect patients’ full diversity．”可知，通过在大型数据集上进行训练，可以反映患者的全面多样性，从而减少偏见。故选C。 10．考查动词词义辨析。句意：他们应该被赋予以数字格式获取自己记录的权利。A．access获取；B．clarify 澄清；C．investigate调查；D．preserve保存。根据上文“Finding secure ways to allow health data to move more freely would help”以及“they should be given the right”可知，找到安全的方法让健康数据更自由地流动会有所帮助，因此这里表示患者应该有权获取自己的健康数据。故选A。 11．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：可携带的患者记录可以让人们更充分地利用他们的数据，并对自己的健康承担更多责任。A．Chronological年代的；B．Authentic真实的；C．Portable 可携带的；D．Documentary记录的。根据上文“they should be given the right to access their own records in a digital format”可知，患者有权获取自己的健康数据，可携带的患者的记录将使人们能够更充分地利用这些数据。故选C。 12．考查动词词义辨析。句意：另一个问题是管理和规管这些创新。A．advancing提升；B．exploiting利用；C．resisting抵制；D．regulating规管。根据下文“In many countries the governance of AI in health, as in other areas, is struggling to keep up with the rapid pace of innovation.”可知，这里指的是管理和监管这些创新。故选D。 13．考查动词词义辨析。句意：政府需要为评估新AI工具的监管机构提供便利。A．dismiss解雇；B．anticipate预料；C．facilitate促进；D．stimulate刺激。根据上文“Regulatory authorities may be slow to approve new AI tools or may lack capacity and expertise.”以及下文“They also need to fill regulatory gaps in the surveillance of adverse events, and in the continuous monitoring of algorithms to ensure they remain accurate, safe, effective and transparent.”可知，监管机构可能行动缓慢或缺乏能力和专业知识，因此政府需要促进监管机构评估新的人工智能工具。故选C。 14．考查形容词词义辨析。 句意：一个不太复杂的国际监管体系也将有助于创造小公司可以创新的市场。A．exclusive排外的；B．problematic有问题的；C．complex复杂的；D．indulgent放纵的。根据上文“One solution would be for countries to work together, to learn from each other and create minimum global standards.”以及下文“international regulatory system would also help create a market in which small companies can innovate.”可知，一个解决方案是各国合作，相互学习并创建最低全球标准。所以不太复杂的国际监管体系将有助于创造一个让小公司能够创新的市场。故选C。 15．考查名词词义辨析。句意：因为对于人工智能工具的使用往往意味着根本没有其他治疗方法可供选择，所以他们甚至可能能够超越富裕国家根深蒂固的医疗体系 —— 尽管缺乏数据、连通性和计算能力会阻碍这一进程。A．counterpart对应物；B．alternative替代物；C．rival竞争者；D．contrary相反。根据下文“they may even be able to leapfrog the entrenched health systems of rich countries — though a lack of data, connectivity and computing power will get in the way.”可知，另一选择是没有使用AI工具，强调的是替代选择。故选B。 3．（2024·上海嘉定·一模） Carlo Rovelli’s book, There Are Places in the World Where Rules Are Less Important Than Kindness, offers a refreshing perspective on learning, urging readers to pursue curiosity and exploration without worrying about practical outcomes. For Rovelli, 1 isn’t just a means to an end — it’s a way of experiencing the world, asking meaningful questions, and connecting with others. The book celebrates the joy of learning for its own sake, reminding readers that knowledge doesn’t need to be tied to a specific 2 to be valuable. In today’s fast-paced world, people often view education as a tool for 3 — getting good grades, securing a job, or achieving material goals. Rovelli 4 this mindset, showing that true learning is about much more than these practical objectives. It’s about broadening your mind, exploring new ideas, and finding 5 in the process. Rovelli draws on fascinating stories from science, history, and everyday life to make his point. 6 , he reflects on the revolutionary thinkers of the Renaissance (文艺复兴时期) who dared to question the belief that Earth was the center of the universe. These individuals weren’t 7 by profit or fame; they were motivated by pure curiosity and a desire to understand the world. Their discoveries didn’t just change science — they 8 how people viewed their place in the universe. Rovelli uses these examples to show that the act of learning itself can be 9 , inspiring new ways of thinking and seeing the world. Another key theme in the book is the connection between learning and wonder. Rovelli believes that curiosity is one of humanity’s greatest 10 , and he invites readers to cultivate it by exploring topics that arouse their interest. Whether it’s physics, art, philosophy, or even everyday experiences, the process of discovering something 11 can be deeply rewarding. He argues that this sense of wonder is what makes learning worthwhile — not the 12 it might bring. Rovelli also emphasizes that learning should never be limited by rules or expectations. Instead, it should be a creative, 13 journey. He encourages readers to ask big questions, follow their interests, and take time to reflect on what they learn. By doing so, he believes we can 14 a deeper understanding of ourselves and the world around us. In There Are Places in the World Where Rules Are Less Important Than Kindness, Rovelli offers a heartfelt reminder that learning isn’t just about facts or 15 — it’s about curiosity, wonder, and the joy of discovering new possibilities. 1．A．kindness B．thinking C．learning D．practice 2．A．preference B．purpose C．problem D．condition 3．A．communication B．success C．cooperation D．survival 4．A．challenges B．maintain C．presents D．extends 5．A．meaning B．solution C．conflict D．distinction 6．A．What’s more B．For example C．As a result D．On the contrary 7．A．rejected B．pursued C．observed D．driven 8．A．shifted B．revealed C．understood D．noticed 9．A．moderate B．appropriate C．expensive D．transformative 10．A．connections B．traditions C．strengths D．innovations 11．A．similar B．funny C．new D．dark 12．A．growth B．grades C．uncertainty D．wisdom 13．A．short B．affordable C．safe D．personal 14．A．unlock B．complicate C．complement D．expose 15．A．motivations B．interests C．results D．questions 【答案】 1．C 2．B 3．B 4．A 5．A 6．B 7．D 8．A 9．D 10．C 11．C 12．B 13．D 14．A 15．C 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了Carlo Rovelli的书中强调了非功利性学习的重要性，鼓励对知识的追求与探究。 1．考查名词词义辨析。句意：对于Rovelli来说，学习不仅仅是达到目的的手段——它是体验世界、提出有意义的问题和与他人连接的一种方式。A． kindness善良；B． thinking思维；C． learning学习；D． practice实践。根据下文“The book celebrates the joy of learning for its own sake, reminding readers that knowledge doesn’t need to be tied to a specific  ___2___  to be valuable．”可知，Rovelli在书中颂扬了学习本身的乐趣，所以对于Rovelli来说，学习不仅仅是一种达到目的的手段，学习是一种方式。故选C。 2．考查名词词义辨析。句意：这本书颂扬了学习本身的乐趣，提醒读者知识不需要与特定的目的联系起来才有价值。A． preference偏好；B． purpose目的；C． problem问题；D． condition条件。根据下文“Rovelli  ___4___  this mindset, showing that true learning is about much more than these practical objectives．”可知，Rovelli表示真正的学习远远不止某些实际的目标，所以此处表示Rovelli的书提醒读者知识不需要与特定的目的联系起来。故选B。 3．考查名词词义辨析。句意：在当今快节奏的世界里，人们往往将教育视为成功的工具——取得好成绩、找到工作或实现物质目标。A． communication沟通；B． success成功；C． cooperation合作；D． survival生存。根据下文“getting good grades, securing a job, or achieving material goals．”以及常识可知，取得好成绩、找到工作或实现物质目标会被视为成功，即教育被视为实现成功的工具。故选B。 4．考查动词词义辨析。句意：Rovelli挑战这种心态，展示了真正的学习远不止这些实际目标。A． challenges挑战；B． maintain维持；C． presents提出；D． extends扩展。根据上文“In today’s fast-paced world, people often view education as a tool for  ___3___  — getting good grades, securing a job, or achieving material goals．”以及下文“showing that true learning is about much more than these practical objectives．”可知，Rovelli的想法与人们常见的观点不同，所以此处表示Rovelli在挑战这种过于实用的观点。故选A。 5．考查名词词义辨析。句意：这是关于拓宽你的思维，探索新的想法，并在这个过程中找到意义。A． meaning意义；B． solution解决方法；C． conflict冲突；D． distinction区别。根据上文“It’s about broadening your mind, exploring new ideas,”以及语境可知，此处表示在拓宽思维探索新想法的过程中找到学习的意义。故选A。 6．考查副词短语应用。句意：例如，他反思了文艺复兴时期的革命性思想家，他们敢于质疑地球是宇宙中心的信念。A． What’s more此外；B． For example例如；C． As a result因此；D． On the contrary相反。根据上文“Rovelli draws on fascinating stories from science, history, and everyday life to make his point．”以及下文“he reflects on the revolutionary thinkers of the Renaissance (文艺复兴时期) who dared to question the belief that Earth was the center of the universe．”可知，Rovelli使用具体的故事来阐明自己的观点，下文进行举例说明，所以空处应用for example，表示“例如”。故选B。 7．考查动词词义辨析。句意：这些人不是被利益或名声驱动的；他们是被纯粹的好奇心和了解世界的愿望所驱动。A． rejected拒绝；B． pursued追求；C． observed观察；D． driven驱动。根据下文“they were motivated by pure curiosity and a desire to understand the world．”可知，此处表示这些人是被好奇心和了解世界的愿望驱动，而不是被利益或名声驱动。故选D。 8．考查动词词义辨析。句意：他们的发现不仅改变了科学，还改变了人们是如何看待自己在宇宙中位置的。A． shifted改变；B． revealed揭示；C． understood理解；D． noticed注意。根据上文“Their discoveries didn’t just change science”以及语境可知，革命思想家们的发现不仅改变了科学，也改变了人们对于自己在宇宙中的位置的看法。故选A。 9．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：Rovelli用这些例子来展示，学习的行为本身可以是变革性的，鼓舞人们用新的方式思考和看待世界。A． moderate适度的；B． appropriate适当的；C． expensive昂贵的；D． transformative变革性的。根据下文“inspiring new ways of thinking and seeing the world．”可知，学习可以鼓舞人们用新的方式思考，用新的方式看待世界，所以此处表示学习本身可以是变革性的。故选D。 10．考查名词词义辨析。句意：Rovelli相信，好奇心是人类最大的优势之一，并邀请读者通过探索激发兴趣的话题来培养它。A．connections连接；B．traditions传统；C．strengths优势；D．innovations创新。根据下文“he invites readers to cultivate it by exploring topics that arouse their interest.”以及“He argues that this sense of wonder is what makes learning worthwhile — not the  ___12___  it might bring.”可知，Rovelli相信好奇心是人类的优势，所以会邀请读者培养好奇心。故选C。 11．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：无论是物理、艺术、哲学，甚至是日常经历，发现新事物的过程都可能是非常有回报的。A．similar相似的；B．funny有趣的；C．new新的；D．dark黑暗的。根据上文“Rovelli believes that curiosity is one of humanity’s greatest  ___10___  ,”、下文“He argues that this sense of wonder is what makes learning worthwhile — not the  ___12___  it might bring.”以及语境可知，此处表示好奇心是人类的优势，所以此处表示发现新事物，从中获得惊奇的感觉。故选C。 12．考查名词词义辨析。句意：他认为，正是这种惊奇感让学习变得有价值，而不是它可能带来的成绩。A．growth成长；B．grades成绩；C．uncertainty不确定性；D．wisdom智慧。根据上文“In today’s fast-paced world, people often view education as a tool for  ___3___  — getting good grades, securing a job, or achieving material goals.”以及语境可知，此处表示学习本身有价值，而不仅仅在于所取得的成绩。故选B。 13．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：相反，这应该是一次创造性的个人之旅。A．short短的；B．affordable可负担的；C．safe安全的；D．personal个人的。根据上文“Rovelli also emphasizes that learning should never be limited by rules or expectations.”和下文“He encourages readers to ask big questions, follow their interests, and take time to reflect on what they learn．By doing so, he believes we can  ___14___  a deeper understanding of ourselves and the world around us.”可知，学习永远不应该受到规则或期望的限制，这应该是有创造性的个人的旅程，深入了解自己和周围的世界。故选D。 14．考查动词词义辨析。句意：通过这样做，他相信我们可以更深入地了解自己和周围的世界。A．unlock揭开，揭示；B．complicate复杂化；C．complement补足，补充；D．expose揭露。根据上文“He encourages readers to ask big questions, follow their interests, and take time to reflect on what they learn.”可知，关注自己的兴趣，反思自己所学的东西，这会使人更深入了解自己和周围的世界，unlock a deeper understanding of表示“深入了解”。故选A。 15．考查名词词义辨析。句意：在There Are Places in the World Where Rules Are Less Important Than Kindness一书中，Rovelli衷心提醒我们，学习不仅仅是关于事实或结果，而是关于好奇心、好奇心和发现新可能性的乐趣。A．motivations动机；B．interests兴趣；C．results结果；D．questions问题。根据文章开头“Carlo Rovelli’s book, There Are Places in the World Where Rules Are Less Important Than Kindness, offers a refreshing perspective on learning, urging readers to pursue curiosity and exploration without worrying about practical outcomes.”可知，Rovelli提醒我们的是，学习不仅仅是关于实际的结果，而是关于学习过程中的乐趣。故选C。 4．（2024·上海宝山·一模） At times we all wish that we knew what other people were thinking. 1 , people’s facial expressions, movements and posture (姿势) can communicate a lot about what is going on in their minds. Understanding these messages hidden in people’s language can require a lot of skill, but Joe Navarro’s book What EVERY BODY is Saying can help 2 that ability. Small changes in body language can help you recognize if someone is . Even when people don’t lie directly, they sometimes try to hide their feelings. Whether you are 4 with people in business or in your personal life, recognizing these feelings can help you look out for their interests and your own. According to Navarro, establishing a baseline for how a person behaves is important to avoid 5 their body language. Most facial expressions and gestures can mean several different things, so 6 when people use certain expressions. Recognizing this baseline can help you understand whether expressions and gestures indicate a(n) 7 to something you said or not. For example, rubbing one’s eyes may be a sign of 8 with a topic. But if the person has been rubbing their eyes 9 , they might just be tired. When people think of body language, facial expressions tend to come to mind, and these can tell you a lot. For example, if someone keeps looking away from you, they might be distracted or uncomfortable, and pressing one’s lips together often indicates 10 . And if someone keeps looking away or covering their mouth, it might mean they are 11 something. Some people have become good at controlling their facial expressions to conceal their 12 . When dealing with someone like that, look at the rest of their body, especially their feet and legs. Many people bounce their feet when they are happy or excited. 13 , if someone feels uncomfortable, they may point their feet away from the person they are speaking to. Proximity (接近，亲近) to other people is also part of body language. People stand closer to people they like or feel comfortable with than to strangers or people they don’t like. And posture also 14 . Sitting or standing up straight can show that someone feels confident, while sitting with crossed arms indicates that they feel 15 or uncomfortable. Body language can communicate a lot about people's thoughts and feelings, and thus, help you relate to them. 1．A．Frequently B．Generally C．Fortunately D．Frankly 2．A．provide B．develop C．discover D．arouse 3．A．lying B．thinking C．changing D．wishing 4．A．cooperating B．negotiating C．investigating D．interacting 5．A．misguiding B．misinterpreting C．mistrusting D．mismanaging 6．A．look out B．give out C．figure out D．put out 7．A．reaction B．result C．instinct D．insight 8．A．satisfaction B．anxiety C．appreciation D．discomfort 9．A．occasionally B．constantly C．suddenly D．gradually 10．A．agreement B．excitement C．depression D．displeasure 11．A．hiding B．criticizing C．transferring D．explaining 12．A．habits B．expressions C．emotions D．advantages 13．A．In principle B．In contrast C．In all D．In reality 14．A．adjusts B．follows C．moves D．matters 15．A．defensive B．ambitious C．dependent D．Aggressive 【答案】 1．C 2．B 3．A 4．D 5．B 6．C 7．A 8．D 9．B 10．D 11．A 12．C 13．B 14．D 15．A 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了肢体语言在人际交往中的重要性，以及如何通过观察和理解他人的肢体语言来更好地理解和与他们相处。 1．考查副词词义辨析。句意：幸运的是，人们的面部表情、动作和姿势可以很好地传达他们的想法。A． Frequently经常；B． Generally通常；C． Fortunately幸运地；D． Frankly坦率地。根据前文“At times we all wish that we knew what other people were thinking．”以及后文“people’s facial expressions, movements and posture (姿势) can communicate a lot about what is going on in their minds．”可知，人们希望知道他人想什么，而人们的面部表情、动作和姿势可以很好地传达他们的想法，所以是幸运的。故选C项。 2．考查动词词义辨析。句意：理解这些隐藏在人们语言中的信息可能需要很多技巧，但乔·纳瓦罗的书《每个人都在说什么》可以帮助培养这种能力。A． provide提供；B． develop发展；C． discover发现；D． arouse唤起。根据前文“Joe Navarro’s book What EVERY BODY is Saying”可知，书籍应是帮助培养这种能力。故选B项。 3．考查动词词义辨析。句意：肢体语言的微小变化可以帮助你识别某人是否在撒谎。A． lying撒谎；B． thinking思考；C． changing改变；D． wishing希望。根据后文“Even when people don’t lie directly, they sometimes try to hide their feelings．”可知，微小变化可以帮助你识别某人是否在撒谎。故选A项。 4．考查动词词义辨析。句意：无论你是在工作中还是在个人生活中与人交往，认识到这些感觉可以帮助你找到他们和你自己的兴趣。A． cooperating合作；B． negotiating谈判；C． investigating调查；D． interacting互动。根据后文“recognizing these feelings can help you look out for their interests and your own”可知，识别这些感觉，也就是撒谎，而撒谎需要先互动，所以是在工作中还是在个人生活中与人互动。故选D项。 5．考查动词词义辨析。句意：根据纳瓦罗的说法，为一个人的行为建立一个底线对于避免误解他们的肢体语言很重要。A． misguiding误导；B． misinterpreting误解；C． mistrusting不信任；D． mismanaging管理不善。根据后文“Recognizing this baseline can help you understand whether expressions and gestures indicate a(n) 　　7　　　 to something you said or not．”可知，认识到这个基线可以帮助理解他人，也就是避免误解。故选B项。 6．考查动词短语辨析。句意：大多数面部表情和手势都有不同的含义，所以要弄清楚人们什么时候会使用特定的表情。A． look out当心；B． give out发出；C． figure out弄明白；D． put out扑灭。根据前文“According to Navarro, establishing a baseline for how a person behaves is important to avoid 　　5　　 their body language．”可知，为一个人的行为建立一个底线，需要先弄清楚人们什么时候会使用特定的表情。故选C项。 7．考查名词词义辨析。句意：认识到这个底线可以帮助你理解表情和手势是否表示对你所说的事情的反应。A． reaction反应；B． result结果；C． instinct本能；D． insight洞察力。根据前文“According to Navarro, establishing a baseline for how a person behaves is important to avoid 　　5　　 their body language．”可知，为一个人的行为建立一个底线对于避免误解他们的肢体语言很重要，因为可以帮助你理解表情和手势是否表示对你所说的事情的反应。故选A项。 8．考查名词词义辨析。句意：例如，揉眼睛可能表示对某个话题感到不舒服。A． satisfaction满意；B． anxiety焦虑；C． appreciation感激；D． discomfort不适。根据前文“rubbing one’s eyes”结合选项可知，揉眼睛表示不专注，也就是对话题不敢兴趣，对某个话题感到不舒服。故选D项。 9．考查副词词义辨析。句意：但如果这个人一直在揉眼睛，他们可能只是累了。A． occasionally偶尔；B． constantly不断地；C． suddenly突然；D． gradually逐渐地。根据后文“they might just be tired．”根据常识，一个人累了，应是一直在揉眼睛。故选B项。 10．考查名词词义辨析。句意：例如，如果有人一直不看你，他们可能会分心或不舒服，而噘起嘴唇通常表示不高兴。A．agreement同意；B．excitement兴奋；C．depression沮丧；D．displeasure不悦。根据前文“and pressing one’s lips together”根据常识可知，噘起嘴唇通常表示不高兴。故选D项。 11．考查动词词义辨析。句意：如果有人一直看别处或捂住嘴，这可能意味着他们在隐瞒什么。A．hiding隐藏；B．criticizing批评；C．transferring转移；D．explaining解释。根据前文“if someone keeps looking away or covering their mouth”可知，有人一直看别处或捂住嘴，是心虚的表现，所以是意味着他们在隐瞒什么。故选A项。 12．考查名词词义辨析。句意：有些人已经变得善于控制他们的面部表情来隐藏他们的情绪。A．habits习惯；B．expressions表达；C．emotions情感；D．advantages优势。根据前文“When people think of body language, facial expressions tend to come to mind, and these can tell you a lot.”以及第四段内容可知，面部表情会泄露本身情绪，所以此处是控制他们的面部表情来隐藏他们的情绪。故选C项。 13．考查介词短语辨析。句意：相反，如果有人觉得不舒服，他们可能会把脚指向远离他们正在说话的人。A．In principle原则上；B．In contrast相反；C．In all总共；D．In reality实际上。根据前文“Many people bounce their feet when they are happy or excited.”以及后文“if someone feels uncomfortable, they may point their feet away from the person they are speaking to.”可知，前后文是相反的例子。故选B项。 14．考查动词词义辨析。句意：姿势也很重要。A．adjusts调整；B．follows跟随；C．moves移动；D．matters重要。根据后文“Sitting or standing up straight can show that someone feels confident”可知，可以从姿势判断人的情绪，所以姿势也很重要。故选D项。 15．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：坐直或站直可以表明某人感到自信，而双臂交叉坐着则表明他们感到防御或不舒服。A．defensive防御性的；B．ambitious有抱负的；C．dependent依赖的；D．aggressive攻击性的。根据后文“or uncomfortable”可知，空处和uncomfortable并列，意思相近，所以应是“defensive防御性的”符合语境。故选A项。 5.（2025·上海闵行·一模） Effective monitoring of endangered species is key to their survival. Studying the 1 , range, and habits of wild animals is essential to ensure their habitat remains free from development and illegal hunters. Traditional methods of monitoring wild animals, especially large ones, include radio-tagging (无线电标记). To do this, individual animals must at first be captured so that collars can be 2 . One organization that 3 this technique was WildTrack. In the late 1990s, the team was using radio-collars to monitor black rhinos (犀牛) in Namibia. However, the team soon realized that the chemicals used to immobilize the rhino to fit the collars 4 female fertility. Not only that but also a large proportion of the radio-collars 5 within the first 6 months and had to be replaced. 6 , as animals grew, the collars would tighten, annoying or even hurting them. The method was costly and had the unintended 7 of altering the rhinos’ behavior, making the collected data unreliable. At the same time, the team was working alongside local 8 . Animal tracking is one of the oldest human skills, and these experts have years of experience in identifying individual animals by their footprints. They could effectively create a true picture of individual rhinos’ activities without the use of any invasive (侵入的) techniques. Consequently, the team were interested to know whether the trackers’ knowledge could be effectively 9 a computerized technique for monitoring animal movement. Within each species, each individual has its own unique foot 10 . If an animal is sighted and identified just once, and the characteristics of its footprints are properly photographed and measured, its footprint can be 11 whenever it is sighted again. If that is done repeatedly, conservationists can draw up a 12 of all, or at least a significant proportion of the individuals within the population. After that, conservationists can use it to identify an animal and its movements by its print. The data gathered can be used for a range of 13 , for example, to monitor biodiversity. WildTrack is currently using footprint identification technology in Greece to study the potential effect of a large highway construction through brown bear habitat. Identifying an animal from its footprint is not without its 14 , however, as each time the individual places its foot on the ground, it leaves a slightly different track, according to the ground type, moisture (湿度), and movement. To account for these 15 , it is necessary to collect multiple tracks from each animal on a range of surfaces. 1．A．flexibility B．diet C．movement D．behavior 2．A．fixed B．updated C．removed D．examined 3．A．opposed B．developed C．promoted D．adopted 4．A．enhanced B．harmed C．tested D．ensured 5．A．lasted B．matched C．failed D．bent 6．A．Therefore B．However C．Likewise D．Moreover 7．A．consequence B．mistake C．cause D．target 8．A．programmers B．photographers C．trackers D．officials 9．A．compared to B．translated into C．integrated into D．classified into 10．A．features B．sizes C．colors D．shapes 11．A．copied B．recognized C．erased D．marked 12．A．budget B．schedule C．blueprint D．database 13．A．purposes B．experiments C．solutions D．services 14．A．limitations B．losses C．challenges D．concerns 15．A．variations B．signs C．factors D．standards 【答案】 1．C 2．A 3．D 4．B 5．C 6．D 7．A 8．C 9．B 10．A 11．B 12．D 13．A 14．C 15．A 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了有效监测濒危物种的重要性，以及传统监测方法与现代技术（如无线电标记和脚印识别技术）在野生动物监测中的应用和挑战。 1．考查名词词义辨析。句意：研究野生动物的行动、活动范围和习性对于确保它们的栖息地免受开发和非法猎杀至关重要。A． flexibility灵活性；B． diet饮食；C． movement运动；D． behavior行为。根据空后“range, and habits of wild animals is essential to ensure their habitat remains free from development and illegal hunters．”以及“Traditional methods of monitoring wild animals, especially large ones, include radio-tagging(无线电标记)．”可推测，本段讲述的是检测动物，由此可知空处指的是野生动物的活动。故选C。 2．考查动词词义辨析。句意：为此，首先需要捕获单个动物，以便为它们佩戴项圈。A． fixed固定；B． updated更新；C． removed移除；D． examined检查。根据上文“Traditional methods of monitoring wild animals, especially large ones, include radio-tagging(无线电标记)．”可知，传统的检测动物的方式包括无线电标记。由此可推测，首先要将动物捕获，然后给动物佩戴项圈，从而实现无线电检测故选A。 3．考查动词词义辨析。句意：采用这种技术的组织之一是WildTrack。A． opposed反对；B． developed开发；C． promoted促进、提升；D． adopted采纳。根据下文“In the late 1990s, the team was using radio-collars to monitor black rhinos (犀牛) in Namibia．”可知，该组织采用了这种方法。故选D。 4．考查动词词义辨析。句意：然而，团队很快意识到，用于使犀牛昏迷以便佩戴项圈的化学物质损害了雌性犀牛的生育能力。A． enhanced提高；B． harmed伤害；C． tested测试；D． ensured确保。根据上下文可知，这里指的是项圈的坏处。再根据空前的“the chemicals”可推测，这种化学物质损害了雌性犀牛的生育能力。故选B。 5．考查动词词义辨析。句意：不仅如此，有很大一部分无线电项圈在最初6个月内就失效了，不得不进行更换。A． lasted持续；B． matched匹配；C． failed失败、失效；D． bent弯曲。根据下文“had to be replaced”可知，无线电项圈6个月内就失效需要更换。故选C。 6．考查副词词义辨析。句意：此外，随着动物的成长，项圈会收紧，令它们感到烦恼甚至受伤。A． Therefore因此；B． However然而；C． Likewise同样地；D． Moreover此外。根据上文可知，上文提到了项圈的坏处；而空后“as animals grew, the collars would tighten, annoying or even hurting them．”则进一步提出了项圈不好的方面。故选D。 7．考查名词词义辨析。句意：这种方法成本高昂，并产生了改变犀牛行为的意外后果，导致收集的数据不可靠。A． consequence后果；B． mistake错误；C． cause原因；D． target目标。根据空后“altering the rhinos’ behavior”可知，这种方法有改变犀牛行为的意外后果。而这样的结果则会导致收集的数据不可靠。故选A。 8．考查名词词义辨析。句意：与此同时，该团队还与当地的追踪者合作。A． programmers程序员；B． photographers摄影师；C． trackers追踪者；D． officials官员。根据下文“Animal tracking is one of the oldest human skills, and these experts have years of experience in identifying individual animals by their footprints．”可知，该团队与当地的动物追踪者合作。故选C。 9．考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：因此，该团队很想知道追踪者的知识是否可以被有效地转化为一种计算机化的技术，用于监测动物的活动。A． compared to与……相比；B． translated into翻译为、转化为；C． integrated into融合；D． classified into分类为。根据空前“the trackers’ knowledge”以及空后“a computerized technique for monitoring animal movement”可推测，空处指的是将追踪者的知识转化为计算机化的技术。故选B。 10．考查名词词义辨析。句意：在每个物种中，每个个体都有自己独特的脚部特征。A．features特征；B．sizes大小；C．colors颜色；D．shapes形状。根据下文“If an animal is sighted and identified just once, and the characteristics of its footprints are properly photographed and measured, its footprint can be ___11___ whenever it is sighted again.”可知，物种个体有独特的脚部特征。故选A。 11．考查动词词义辨析。句意：如果一只动物被看到并识别过一次，并且其脚印的特征被适当地拍照和测量，那么每当它再次被看到时，其脚印就可以被识别出来。A．copied复制；B．recognized识别；C．erased擦除；D．marked标记。根据上文内容可知，物种个体有独特的脚部特征。再根据从句“If an animal is sighted and identified just once, and the characteristics of its footprints are properly photographed and measured”可推测，既然每个物种个体有独特的脚部特征，那么一旦这个脚印被记录和保存，那么再被观察到时，其脚印可以被识别出。故选B。 12．考查名词词义辨析。句意：如果这一步骤被反复进行，保护主义者就可以建立一个数据库，涵盖种群中全部或至少大部分个体的信息。A．budget预算；B．schedule时间表；C．blueprint蓝图；D．database数据库。根据上文内容可知，物种个体有独特的脚部特征。而不断地进行记录保存脚印，时间久了就可以建立数据库，从而涵盖种群中全部或至少大部分个体的信息。故选D。 13．考查名词词义辨析。句意：收集到的数据可以用于多种目的，例如监测生物多样性。A．purposes目的；B．experiments实验；C．solutions解决方法；D．services服务。根据下文“for example, to monitor biodiversity.”可知，数据可以用于多种目的。故选A。 14．考查名词词义辨析。句意：然而，根据地面的类型、湿度以及动物的移动情况，每次动物将脚放在地上时，都会留下略有不同的脚印，因此，从脚印中识别动物并非没有挑战。A．limitations限制；B．losses损失；C．challenges挑战；D．concerns担忧。根据下文“as each time the individual places its foot on the ground, it leaves a slightly different track, according to the ground type, moisture (湿度), and movement”可知，由于地面的类型、湿度以及动物的移动情况，每次动物将脚放在地上时，都会留下略有不同的脚印。由此可知，从脚印中识别动物是具有挑战性的。故选C。 15．考查名词词义辨析。句意：为了考虑这些变化，有必要在各种地面上从每只动物身上收集多个脚印。A．variations变化；B．signs迹象；C．factors因素；D．standards标准。根据上文“Identifying an animal from its footprint is not without its ___14___ , however, as each time the individual places its foot on the ground, it leaves a slightly different track, according to the ground type, moisture (湿度), and movement.”可知，根据地面的类型、湿度以及动物的移动情况，每次动物将脚放在地上时，都会留下略有不同的脚印。因此为了考虑这些变化，有必要在各种地面上从每只动物身上收集多个脚印。故选A。 6．（2025届·上海金山区·统考） July 19th was a day for IT heroes. A routine software update caused computer outages in offices, hospitals and airports worldwide. Most white-collar workers looked sadly at their screens and realized just how useless they are if they cannot 1 . People in IT came to the rescue of helpless colleagues and 2 passengers. Their work that day was full of stress— but also full of meaning. If machines can add purpose to some jobs when they fail, what about when they work 3 ? This is not an idle question, but a serious one. Discussions about A in particular easily get lost in aypotherical (假设的) debates about wholesale job losses or, worse, the nature of consciousness. But technologies tend to spread in less 4 ways, task by task rather than role by role. Before machines replace individuals, they change the nature of the work they do. That transformation is likely to affect job satisfaction. Many employees give 5 to non-monetary rewards, such as job interest and engagement. A recent discussion paper surveyed American workers who had 6 jobs to find out whether and why they thought their new positions were better; they found that interest in the work mattered more to people than pay and benefits. However, a study revealed a concerning 7 : Robots in industrial settings reduced the perceived meaningfulness of jobs across the board, 8 age, gender, skills and the type of work. While machines can theoretically free up time for more interesting tasks, 9 , they seem to have had the opposite effect. Why might this be? They find that industrial robots make jobs less physically demanding. But the number of tasks that remain open to humans 10 , hurting both the variety of work and people’s understanding of the production process. Work becomes more routine, not less. However, machines don’t always have a (n) 11 impact. For example, in service industries like health care, less time spent on boring work might indeed mean more time with patients. Consumer reactions to automation can also 12 . In an experiment to test how customers reacted to different descriptions of a cooking set, people who 13 being skilled chefs really didn’t like products that promised to do everything at the touch of a button. A technology that cuts down on boring tasks is fine; one that 14 your sense of identity is not. While it is stil too early to know how AI will affect the quality of work, one thing is clear: machines can make employees feel 15 about their work. Introducing new technologies in cooperation with employees, rather than imposing (勉强) them, and enhancing their sense of competence are crucial. Bosses who ignore these issues are missing something meaningful. 1．A．log in B．opt out C．show off D．hurry up 2．A．stranded B．responsible C．hesitant D．embarrassed 3．A．properly B．purposelessly C．continuously D．unwillingly 4．A．accessible B．casual C．dramatic D．dynamic 5．A．rise B．way C．priority D．insight 6．A．created B．switched C．completed D．evaluated 7．A．cause B．concept C．secret D．trend 8．A．rather than B．in case of C．according to D．regardless of 9．A．in practice B．as a result C．in short D．in addition 10．A．exists B．continues C．decreases D．emerges 11．A．negative B．powerful C．immediate D．significant 12．A．cease B．occur C．impress D．vary 13．A．occupied themselves with B．prided themselves on C．concentrated themselves on D．freed themselves of 14．A．lacks B．heightens C．threatens D．maintains 15．A．anxiously B．differently C．strongly D．oddly 【答案】 1．A 2．A 3．A 4．C 5．C 6．B 7．D 8．D 9．A 10．C 11．A 12．D 13．B 14．C 15．B 【导语】本文是一篇议论文。文章围绕“机器和人工智能对工作质量和员工感受的影响”这一主题展开讨论，通过引用多个研究案例和分析，探讨了机器在出现故障和正常运转时对工作的影响，以及自动化和人工智能在不同行业中的应用对员工感受和工作质量的潜在影响。 1．考查动词短语辨析。句意：大多数白领都悲伤地看着他们的屏幕，意识到如果他们不能登录，他们是多么没用。A． log in登录；B． opt out选择退出；C． show off炫耀；D． hurry up赶快。根据上文“A routine software update caused computer outages”提到电脑中断，由此可知，此处应表示白领意识到他们不能登录电脑。故选A项。 2．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：IT部门的人前来救援无助的同事和滞留的乘客。A． stranded滞留的；B． responsible负责的；C． hesitant犹豫的；D． embarrassed尴尬的。根据上文“A routine software update caused computer outages in…airports”提到机场的电脑中断，以及下文“passengers”由此可知，此处应表示IT部门的人前来救援无助的同事和滞留的乘客。 故选A项。 3．考查副词词义辨析。句意：如果机器可以在某些工作失败的时候给它们增加意义，那么当它们正常工作的时候呢？A． properly正常地；B． purposelessly无目的地；C． continuously持续不断地；D． unwillingly不情愿地。根据上文“If machines can add purpose to some jobs when they fail”提到工作失败的时候，由此可知，此处应表示机器正常工作的时候，和上文的fail形成呼应。故选A项。 4．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：但技术的传播方式往往不那么引人注目，而是一项任务接一项任务，而不是一个角色接一个角色。A． accessible可进入的；B． casual随意的；C． dramatic引人注目的；D． dynamic动态的。根据下文“task by task rather than role by role”提到一项任务接一项任务，而不是一个角色接一个角色，由此可推知，此处应表示技术的传播方式往往不那么引人注目。故选C项。 5．考查名词词义辨析。句意：许多员工优先考虑非金钱奖励，比如工作兴趣和敬业度。A． rise增加；B． way方式；C． priority优先；D． insight视野，洞察力。根据下文“such as job interest and engagement”提到工作兴趣和敬业度，以及下文“they found that interest in the work mattered more to people than pay and benefits”由此可推知。此处应表示许多员工优先考虑非金钱奖励。故选C项。 6．考查动词词义辨析。句意：最近的一份讨论文件调查了换了工作的美国工人，以了解他们是否以及为什么认为自己的新工作更好。A． created创造；B． switched转变；C． completed完成；D． evaluated评估。根据下文“find out whether and why they thought their new positions were better”提到新工作，由此可知，此处应表示最近的一份讨论文件调查了换了工作的美国工人。故选B项。 7．考查名词词义辨析。句意：然而，一项研究揭示了一个令人担忧的趋势：工业环境中的机器人降低了人们对工作意义的感知，无论年龄、性别、技能和工作类型如何。A． cause原因；B． concept概念；C． secret秘密；D． trend趋势。根据下文“Robots in industrial settings reduced the perceived meaningfulness of jobs across the board, 　　8　　 age, gender, skills and the type of work.”可知，此处应表示一项研究揭示了一个令人担忧的趋势。故选D项。 8．考查固定短语辨析。句意：然而，一项研究揭示了一个令人担忧的趋势：工业环境中的机器人降低了人们对工作意义的感知，无论年龄、性别、技能和工作类型如何。A． rather than而不是；B． in case of万一；C． according to根据；D． regardless of不管，不顾。根据上文“Robots in industrial settings reduced the perceived meaningfulness of jobs across the board”以及下文“age, gender, skills and the type of work”由此可知，此处应表示工业环境中的机器人降低了人们对工作意义的感知，无论年龄、性别、技能和工作类型如何。故选D项。 9．考查介词短语辨析。句意：虽然机器理论上可以为更有趣的任务腾出时间，但在实践中，它们似乎起到了相反的作用。A． in practice实践中；B． as a result结果；C． in short简而言之；D． in addition此外。根据上文“While machines can theoretically free up time for more interesting tasks”提到机器理论上可以为更有趣的任务腾出时间，由此可知，此处应表示在实践中，它们似乎起到了相反的作用。和上文中的theoretically“理论上”形成呼应。故选A项。 10．考查动词词义辨析。句意：但是，对人类开放的任务数量减少了，这既损害了工作的多样性，也损害了人们对生产过程的理解。A．exists存在；B．continues继续；C．decreases减少；D．emerges出现。根据上文“They find that industrial robots make jobs less physically demanding.”提到工业机器人减少了对体力的要求。由此可知，此处应表示对人类开放的任务数量减少了。故选C项。 11．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：然而，机器并不总是有负面影响。A．negative负面的；B．powerful有力量的；C．immediate立刻的；D．significant有意义的。根据下文“For example, in service industries like health care, less time spent on boring work might indeed mean more time with patients.”提到机器的有利一面，由此可知，此处应表示机器并不总是有负面影响。故选A项。 12．考查动词词义辨析。句意：消费者对自动化的反应也各不相同。A．cease停止；B．occur发生；C．impress使留下深刻印象；D．vary不同。根据下文“one that ___14___ your sense of identity is not.”由此可知，此处应表示消费者对自动化的反应也各不相同。故选D项。 13．考查动词短语辨析。句意：在一项测试顾客对一套厨具的不同描述的反应的实验中，那些以熟练厨师为荣的人真的不喜欢那些承诺只要按一下按钮就能做所有事情的产品。A．occupied themselves with忙于，专注于；B．prided themselves on以……为傲；C．concentrated themselves on专注于；D．freed themselves of使某人摆脱。根据句意以及下文“…skilled chefs really didn’t like products that promised to do everything at the touch of a button”由此可知，此处应表示那些以熟练厨师为荣的人真的不喜欢那些承诺只要按一下按钮就能做所有事情的产品。prided themselves on“以……为傲”。故选B项。 14．考查动词词义辨析。句意：一项减少无聊任务的技术是好的；但威胁到你身份认同感的东西就不会。A．lacks缺乏；B．heightens提高；C．threatens威胁；D．maintains保持。根据上文“A technology that cuts down on boring tasks is fine”以及下文“your sense of identity is not”由此可知，此处应表示威胁到你身份认同感的东西就不会。故选C项。 15．考查副词词义辨析。句意：虽然现在就知道人工智能将如何影响工作质量还为时过早，但有一点是明确的：机器可以让员工对自己的工作产生不同的感觉。A．anxiously焦虑地；B．differently不同地；C．strongly强烈地；D．oddly奇怪的是。根据上文“Consumer reactions to automation can also vary.”提到消费者对自动化的反应也各不相同。由此可推知，此处应表示机器可以让员工对自己的工作产生不同的感觉。故选B项。 7．（2025届·上海宝山区·月考） I was thrilled to cover a new expedition to Qomolangma as a journalist. However, as I got off the vehicle at the base camp, I was immediately 1 by dizziness and shortness of breath — 2 of mountain sickness. Even the act of taking a few steps demanded an extraordinary amount of 3 . At that moment, a question 4 within me: Why do people keep climbing Mount Qomolangma? When asked this question, British mountaineer George Mallory gave his famous 5 : “Because it’s there.” Mallory reminded me of countless climbers who have put their lives at risk to 6 the mountain’s towering height with their own footsteps. They encounter an almost vertical (垂直的) wall close to the top. It is so difficult to find 7 points for climbing that the earliest climbers thought no one could 8 the wall. In 1960, Liu Lianman, a Chinese climber, let his teammates 9 on his shoulders to cross the wall. Already 10 , he gathered all his strength to uplift his teammates. Though his 11 did not appear on the list of those who reached the top, Liu is undoubtedly a true 12 . I recalled the interview with Dong Hongjuan, the first woman to conquer (征服) 14 mountains above 8,000 meters, who 13 understands how small humans are compared to 14 . She told me: “I never felt I conquered those mountains; it’s just that the mountains 15 me.” 1．A．struck B．taught C．found D．drawn 2．A．causes B．types C．risks D．signs 3．A．patience B．money C．energy D．practice 4．A．ended B．arose C．remained D．lay 5．A．suggestion B．response C．conclusion D．guidance 6．A．adjust B．cover C．measure D．confirm 7．A．check B．view C．rest D．support 8．A．get past B．come across C．go through D．take back 9．A．work B．fight C．cry D．step 10．A．exhausted B．terrified C．annoyed D．disappointed 11．A．story B．name C．act D．failure 12．A．champion B．talent C．hero D．friend 13．A．hardly B．slightly C．firstly D．truly 14．A．time B．life C．nature D．success 15．A．protected B．accepted C．admired D．discovered 【答案】 1．A 2．D 3．C 4．B 5．B 6．C 7．D 8．A 9．D 10．A 11．B 12．C 13．D 14．C 15．B 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲述的是关于攀登珠穆朗玛峰（珠峰）的探险故事以及人们攀登这座世界最高峰的不同动机和体验。 1．考查动词词义辨析。句意：然而，当我在大本营下车时，我立刻感到头晕和呼吸急促——这是高原反应的征兆。A． struck（疾病、灾难等）侵袭；B． taught教；C． found发现；D． drawn拉。根据下文“by dizziness and shortness of breath”可知，作者感到头晕和呼吸急促，也就是被头晕和呼吸急促侵袭，因此空格处用struck。故选A。 2．考查名词词义辨析。句意：然而，当我在大本营下车时，我立刻感到头晕和呼吸急促——这是高原反应的征兆。A． causes原因；B． types种类；C． risks风险；D． signs征兆。根据上文“dizziness and shortness of breath”和下文“mountain sickness”可知，头晕和呼吸急促是高原反应的征兆。故选D。 3．考查名词词义辨析。句意：即使只是走几步也需要耗费大量的精力。A． patience耐心；B． money钱；C． energy精力；D． practice练习。根据上文“mountain sickness”可知，作者有高原反应，所以走几步路也需要耗费大量的精力。故选C。 4．考查动词词义辨析。句意：在那一刻，一个问题在我脑海中浮现。A． ended结束；B． arose出现；C． remained保持；D． lay躺。根据下文“Why do people keep climbing Mount Qomolangma”可知，作者的脑子里出现了一个问题。故选B。 5．考查名词词义辨析。句意：当被问及这个问题时，英国登山家George Mallory给出了他著名的回答：“因为它就在那里。”A． suggestion建议；B． response回答；C． conclusion结论；D． guidance指导。根据上文“When asked this question”和下文“Because it’s there”可知，空后是作者对前面问题的回答。故选B。 6．考查动词词义辨析。句意：Mallory让我想起了无数的登山者，他们冒着生命危险，用自己的脚步测量这座山的高度。A． adjust调整；B． cover覆盖；C． measure测量；D． confirm确认。根据下文“the mountain’s towering height”可知，此处表示测量山的高度。故选C。 7．考查动词词义辨析。句意：要找到攀岩的支撑点是如此困难，以至于最早的登山者认为没有人能翻过这堵墙。A． check检查；B． view看待；C． rest休息；D． support支撑。根据上文“They encounter an almost vertical (垂直的) wall close to the top”和下文“points for climbing”可知，在几乎垂直的地方要找到攀登的支撑点是很困难的。故选D。 8．考查动词短语辨析。句意：要找到攀岩的支撑点是如此困难，以至于最早的登山者认为没有人能翻过这堵墙。A． get past绕过障碍物；B． come across偶遇；C． go through经历；D． take back拿回。根据上文“It is so difficult to find support points for climbing”可知，要找到攀登的支撑点很困难，所以最早的登山者认为没有人能翻过这堵墙，空格处用get past。故选A。 9．考查动词词义辨析。句意：1960年，中国攀岩运动员Liu Lianman让队友踩在他的肩膀上翻越这堵墙。A． work工作；B． fight斗争；C． cry哭；D． step踩。根据下文“on his shoulders to cross the wall”可知，Liu Lianman让队友踩在他的肩膀上翻越这堵墙。故选D。 10．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他已经筋疲力尽了，但他还是鼓起了所有的力量去鼓舞他的队友。A．exhausted筋疲力尽的；B．terrified非常害怕的；C．annoyed生气的；D．disappointed失望的。根据上文“on his shoulders to cross the wall”可知，Liu Lianman让队友踩在他的肩膀上翻越这堵墙，所以他已经筋疲力尽了。故选A。 11．考查名词词义辨析。句意：虽然他的名字没有出现在登顶者的名单上，但他无疑是一位真正的英雄。A．story故事；B．name名字；C．act行动；D．failure失败。根据下文“on the list of those who reached the top”可知，他的名字没有出现在登顶者的名单上。故选B。 12．考查名词词义辨析。句意：虽然他的名字没有出现在登顶者的名单上，但他无疑是一位真正的英雄。A．champion冠军；B．talent才能；C．hero英雄；D．friend朋友。根据上文“let his teammates step on his shoulders to cross the wall”可知，他让队友踩在自己的肩膀上去攀登，所以他是真正的英雄。故选C。 13．考查副词词义辨析。句意：我想起了对Dong Hongjuan的采访，Dong Hongjuan是第一个征服14座8000米以上山峰的女人，她真正明白与自然相比，人类是多么渺小。A．hardly几乎不；B．slightly稍微；C．firstly首先；D．truly真正地。根据下文“understands how small humans are”可知，Dong Hongjuan征服14座8000米以上山峰，她真正明白与自然相比人类是渺小的。故选D。 14．考查名词词义辨析。句意：我想起了对Dong Hongjuan的采访，Dong Hongjuan是第一个征服14座1400米以上山峰的女人，她真正明白与自然相比，人类是多么渺小。A．time时间；B．life生活；C．nature自然；D．success成功。根据上文“conquer (征服) 14 mountains above 8,000 meters”可知，Dong Hongjuan征服了14座1400米以上山峰，她明白与自然相比人类是渺小的。故选C。 15．考查动词词义辨析。句意：只是大山接纳了我。A．protected保护；B．accepted接受；C．admired羡慕；D．discovered发现。根据上文“I never felt I conquered those mountains”可知，她觉得自己没有征服大山，而是大山接受了她。故选B。 / 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$