2025年中职英语一轮复习语文版（2021）基础模块3 Unit 7 词汇和语法课件

第十三课时：词汇和语法 基础模块3 Unit7 对口升学英语一轮复习 复习目标 认读重点词汇 01 02 了解倒装句的基本用法 认读重点词汇和短语 01 一、单词（汉译英） 记号，标志________________ 任务，活动________________ 生肖，属相________________ 月亮的，阴历的________________ 循环，周期________________ 总共，完全地________________ 智慧，明智________________ 勇敢，英勇________________ 可变性，易变________________ 目的性，意志坚强________________ 不可动摇的________________ 意志，意愿________________ 可行性，可使用性________________ 坚固，坚定________________ 考虑，认为________________ 讨人喜欢的，愉悦的________________ 漫画________________ 日历，立法________________ 确定年份，注明日期，日子，日期________________ 比赛，快跑________________ 重点词汇 Reading 中国生肖________________ 扮演重要角色________________ 被分成________________ 以……为基础________________ 智慧的象征________________ 向前进________________ Speaking 虎年_________________ 重点短语 了解倒装句的基本用法 02 学习目标 了解倒装句的用法 一、定义 在英语中，主语和谓语的语序通常是主语在前，谓语在后。但有时由于语法或修辞的需要将谓语的一部分或整个谓语提到主语前面，这样的语序叫做“倒装”语序。 二、倒装句的类型 1.部分倒装：助动词/情态动词+主语+谓语的实义动词型 2.全倒装：谓语+主语型 此结构通常只用与一般现在时和一般过去时。常见的结构有： 1.在there be或者There live（stand，appear，seem，remain，exist....）句型中。 如：There are thousands of people on the square. 广场上有成千上万的人。 原语序应该为：Thousands of people are there on the square. There lived an old fisherman in the village. 村里住着一个老渔夫。 原语序为：An old fisherman lived there in the village. There stands a little girl. 那里站着一个小女孩。 正常语序为：A little girl stands there. 三、在以下结构中用全倒装 2.在here, there, now, thus, then+动词+主语的结构中，谓语动词通常为be, go, come, lie, run等，主语为名词。 如：Now comes my turn. 现在轮到我了。 There goes the bell. 铃响了。 Then came the order to leave. 然后他被命令离开。 Here comes a bus= A bus comes here. 一辆公共汽车来了。 3.在out\in，up\down，off，away，in the distance，on the hill，round the corner等表示方向的副词或表示地点的介词词组位于句首，且主语又是名词，谓语是表示运动的动词。 Away went the crowd one by one. 人群一个接一个地走了。 In came a stranger in black. 进来一个穿黑衣服的陌生人。 Out rushed the children. 孩子们冲了出去。 Down fell the leaves. 树叶掉了下来。 注意：以上各种情况若主语是人称代词，如I，he，she，they等，则用正常语序：adv.+主语+谓语。 如：Out she went. 她出去了。 There they are. 他们在那里。 Here he comes. 他来了。 4.有时为了强调表语，构成“表语+连系动词+主语”结构。 如：Lucky is she who was chosen to be a leader. 幸运的是，她被选为一名领袖。 =She who was chosen to be a leader is lucky. Gone are the days when women were looked down upon！女人被瞧不起的日子已经一去不复返了！ The days when women were looked down upon are gone！ 5.在某些表示愿望的感叹句中，要用全倒装。 Long live the People's Republic of China！中华人民共和国万岁！ May you be happy. 愿你快乐。 四、在以下结构中用部分倒装 部分倒装是指将谓语的一部分，如助动词或情态动词倒装至主语之前。如果句中的谓语没有助动词或情态动词，则需添加助动词do，does或did，并将其置于主语之前。 1.含有否定或半否定意义的词语，如：not，never，seldom，hardly，little，scarcely，few...；或者含有否定意义的连词，如：not only...but also..，neither..nor..，no sooner...than...，scarcely...when...，hardly...when...，not until...等；或具有否定意义的介词词组，如：by no means（决不），in no case（任何情况下都不），at no time（决不），on no account（决不），under no circumstances...（任何情况下都不））位于句首时。 （1）含有否定意义的词语 I have never seen him before.=Never have I seen him before. 我以前从未见过他。 Not a word did he say when he left. 他离开时一句话也没说。 Seldom/Scarcely does he go to that park. 他几乎/很少去那个公园。 Hardly do I speak to him. 我几乎不跟他说话。 Little English can he speak. 他几乎不会说英语。 Little does he realize the importance of the meeting. 他几乎没有意识到这次会议的重要性。 Few people did I see in the street. 我在街上很少有人看见我。 （2）含有否意义的连词 Not only can he play basketball, but also I can. 他不仅能打篮球，而且我也能打篮球。 No sooner had we arrived home than it began to rain. 我们一回家，就开始下雨了。 Hardly had we met our friends when the train left. 我们刚见到朋友，火车就开走了。 Not until the baby fell asleep did the mother leave the room.=The mother didn't leave the room until the baby fell asleep. 直到婴儿睡着了，母亲才离开了房间。 注意：①Not only...but also...必须连接两个分句时，才使用部分倒装。而且只倒装not only后的分句。如果连接的是两个并列词语，不用倒装结构。 如：Not only his father but also I like reading. 不仅是他的父亲，我也喜欢读书。 ②Hardly...when...，Scarcely...when...，No sooner...than...意义基本相同，它们连接的句子，都只倒装前一个分句，及“前倒后不倒（装）”。 ③当not until（直到。。。才）引导主从复合句时，主句倒装，从句不用倒装，或者可以理解为“后倒前不倒（装）”。 （3）含有否定意义的介词词组 如：By no means should we tell lies. 我们绝不应该说谎。 On no account should we let him leave. 我们绝不不能让他离开。 At no time will I get married to you. 我决不不会和你结婚。 In[Under]no circumstances will I lend money to him. 在任何情况下，我都不会借钱给他。 注意：in no time（立即，马上）位于句首时，其后无需用倒装语序：In no time he worked out the problem. 他立刻就解决了这个问题。 2.only+副词，介词短语或状语从句时，主句倒装 如：Only in this way can you use the computer well.（only+介词短语） 只有这样，你才能很好地使用电脑。 Only yesterday did he find out that his watch was missing.（only+副词） 直到昨天，他才发现他的手表不见了。 Only when it began to rain did he finish his job.（only+状语从句） 直到开始下雨，他才完成了工作。 3.so用在句首，表示另一主语“也一样”时，用“So + be（have，助动词或情态动词）+主语”结构；而表示另一主语“也不一样”时，用“Nor\Neither + be（have，助动词或情态动词）+主语”结构 注意：若是对上文同一主语的情况进行肯定时，不倒装。句型为“So+主语+be或do（did）/have。” 如：He went to school yesterday,so did I. 他昨天去上学了，我也去了。 —David has made great progress recently. 大卫最近取得了很大的进步。 —So he has,and so have you. 他有，你也有。 He hasn't finished his homework,and nor have I. 他还没有完成家庭作业，我也没有。 If you won't go,neither/nor will I. 如果你不去，我/也不去。 4.as作“尽管/虽然”，引导让步状语从句（as可以换成though），由于语法需要，需要部分倒装。 如：Shortest as/though she is,she is not the richest. 虽然她最矮，但她不是最富有的。 Child as he is,he knows a lot.（倒装后，单数名词前不用a） 虽然他是个孩子，但他知道的很多。 Fail as I did,I would try again.（倒装后，实义动词提前，在主语后添加助动词。）尽管我失败了，我想再试一次。 Hard as he tried,he didn't pass the exam.（副词提到句首） 他虽然很努力，但却没有通过考试。 注意：though位于句首引导让步状语从句时，可以倒装，也可以不倒装。但as引导让步状语从句时，必须使用倒装。否则就变成了原因状语从句。 如：As he is too young，he couldn't go to school. 由于他年纪太小，他不能去上学。 5.在“so...that...”和“such...that...”引导的结果状语从句中，当so和such位于句首时，用“so\such +adj+主语+谓语”。 如：So difficult was the exam that most of the students failed to pass it. 这次考试非常困难，以致于大多数学生都没有通过。 =The exam was so difficult that most of the students failed to pass it. 6.若if引导的虚拟条件句中有were，had，should时，可将if省略，把were，had，should放在句首。 Should it rain tomorrow,we would not play basketball. 如果明天下雨了，我们就不会打篮球了。 =If it should rain tomorrow,we would not play basketball. Had I prepared well, I couldn't have lost the job. 如果我准备好了，我就不会失去这份工作。 =If I had prepared well, I couldn't have lost the job. Were he to come tomorrow, I would go to meet him at the airport. 如果他明天要来，我就去机场接他。 =If he were to come tomorrow, I would go to meet him at the airport. 课堂检测 （一）单项填空 （ ）1. —My brother and I will go to the library tomorrow. —_________. Shall we go together? A. So I do B. So do I C. So will I D. So I will （ ）2.—He's never been late for school. —___________. A. So have I B. So am I C. Neither have I D. Nor am I （ ）3.—Listen ! ____________. —Oh, let's go to the classroom. A. There goes the bell B. There's the bell C. There the bell goes D. The bell goes there （ ）4.Only in this way ________to make improvement in the operating system. A. you can hope B. you did hope C. can you hope D. did you hope （ ）5.There _______ a football match on CCTV-5 at nine tomorrow evening. A. will have B. is going to be C. is having D.is （ ）6.Money, ________, has been the least of our worries. A. important though it is B. so important it is C. important if it is D. it is important though （ ）7._______do such a thing. A.Under no circumstances（环境、情况）I will B.Under all circumstances I will C.Under no circumstances will I D.Under all circumstances will I （ ）8.Not until everyone is seated ,_________. A. the lesson will begin B. when the lesson will begin C. that the lesson will begin D. will the lesson begin （ ）9.Not only ______what to do, but he also lent me the money. A. he advised me B. did he advise me C. does he advise me C. he advises me （ ）10.Hardly________ his mother when he ran to her,. A. had the child seen B. the child had seen C. the child saw D. did the child see 1. C。上句说“我和我哥哥明天要去图书馆”，下句表示“我也去”，因为上句是一般将来时，所以用“So will I”。 2. C。上句说“他上学从不迟到”，下句表示“我也从不迟到”，neither/nor+助动词/系动词/情态动词+主语，表示“……也不”，上句是现在完成时，所以用“Neither have I”。 3. A。“There goes the bell.”是固定用法，表示“铃响了”。 4. C。“only+状语”位于句首时，句子要部分倒装，所以排除 A、B；根据句意可知是对现在情况的希望，所以用一般现在时，排除 D。 5. B。there be 句型的一般将来时结构是 there will be 或 there is/are going to be，a football match 是单数，所以用 is going to be。 6. A。though 引导让步状语从句时，可以用“形容词/副词/名词+though+主语+谓语”的倒装结构。 7. C。under no circumstances“绝不”，位于句首时，句子要部分倒装。 8. D。not until 位于句首时，句子要部分倒装。 9. B。not only...but also...连接两个句子时，not only 部分要用部分倒装，根据后面的 lent 可知是过去时，所以用 did he advise me。 10. A。hardly...when...“一……就……”，hardly 位于句首时，句子要部分倒装，且根据 when 后面的时态可知要用过去完成时。 （二）汉译英 1.校长来了。 2.我前面站着一条狗。 3.我永远不会忘记我来到学校的第一天。 4.他不喜欢做饭，我也不喜欢。 5.直到河里的鱼死了，村民们才意识到污染的严重性。 （二）汉译英 1.Here comes the headmaster. 2. There stood a dog before him. 3. Never will I forget the first day when I came to school. 4. He doesn't like to cook, and neither do I. 5. Not until all the fish in the river died did the villagers realize how serious the pollution was. 课后检测：词汇判断 ( ) 1. 记号,标志 A. set B. sign C. save D. state ( ) 2. 月亮的;阴历的 A. lunch B. lunatic C. lunar D. lunge ( ) 3. 总共,完全地 A. total B. totally C. hotel D. totals ( ) 4. 智慧,明智 A. wise B. wishful C. wisdom D. wish ( ) 5. 象征,代表 A. symptom B. symbolise C. sympathy D. symbolic ( ) 6. 意志,意愿 A. will B. well C. wish D. with ( ) 7. 考虑,认为 A. content B. contact C. consider D. conduct ( ) 8. 漫画 A. comic B. complete C. complain D. common ( ) 9. 勇敢,英勇 A. brave B. bravery C. bravo D. bravely ( ) 10. 比赛;快跑 A. rate B. rice C. race D. rapid 词汇判断答案与解析 1. B。set 是“一套；设置”；sign 是“记号，标志”；save 是“拯救；节省”；state 是“状态；国家”。 2. C。lunch 是“午餐”；lunatic 是“疯子”；lunar 是“月亮的；阴历的”；lunge 是“猛冲”。 3. B。total 是“总数；总计”，形容词是“总的”；totally 是“总共，完全地”；hotel 是“旅馆”；totals 是 total 的第三人称单数或复数形式。 4. C。wise 是“明智的”；wishful 是“渴望的”；wisdom 是“智慧，明智”；wish 是“希望；愿望”。 5. B。symptom 是“症状”；symbolise 是“象征，代表”；sympathy 是“同情”；symbolic 是“象征的”。 6. A。will 是“意志，意愿”；well 是“好；井”；wish 是“希望；愿望”；with 是“和……一起”。 7. C。content 是“内容；满足的”；contact 是“接触；联系”；consider 是“考虑，认为”；conduct 是“引导；实施”。 8. A。comic 是“漫画”；complete 是“完成；完整的”；complain 是“抱怨”；common 是“常见的；共同的”。 9. B。brave 是“勇敢的”；bravery 是“勇敢，英勇”；bravo 是“喝彩声”；bravely 是“勇敢地”。 10. C。rate 是“比率；速度”；rice 是“米饭”；race 是“比赛；快跑”；rapid 是“迅速的”。 选择填空 ( ) 1. Never ___ forget the moment when I first came to Australia. A. I would B. I will C. will I D. would I ( ) 2. On the top of the mountain ___ a beautiful palace. A. will stands B. there stand C. stand there D. stands ( ) 3. What they need is ___ "Made in China," ___ "Created in China". A. either; or B. not; but C. neither; or D. not only; but also ( ) 4. I enjoy reading the book and so ___ . A. do my wife B. my wife do C. did my wife D. does my wife ( ) 5. Jack didn't wake up ___ he heard the terrible noise. A. until B. when C. before D. after ( ) 6.Hardly ________ the railway station when the train started. A.I reached B.had I reached C.I had reached D.did I reach ( )7.Only in this way ________ solve this problem. A.we can B.can we C.us can D.can us ( )8.Never in my life ________ such wonderful pictures. A.I have seen B.seen I have C.have I seen D.have I saw ( )9.—Sarah likes dancing and singing. —_______. A.So do I B.I do so C.So I do D.I so do ( )10.Hurry up!________. A.The bus comes here B.The bus here comes C.Here the bus comes D.Here comes the bus 选择填空答案与解析 1. C。否定词 never 放句首，句子要用部分倒装，根据语境用一般将来时 will I。 2. D。表示地点的介词短语放在句首时，句子要用完全倒装，主语是 a beautiful palace，谓语动词用第三人称单数形式 stands。 3. D。“not only...but also...”表示“不但……而且……”，符合语境。“either...or...”要么……要么……；“neither...nor...”既不……也不……。 4. D。so+助动词/系动词/情态动词+主语，表示“……也一样”，前句是一般现在时，主语 my wife 是第三人称单数，用 does。 5. A。not...until...“直到……才……”，符合语境。 6. B。hardly...when...“一……就……”，hardly 放句首，句子要用部分倒装，且 when 引导的从句用一般过去时，主句用过去完成时。 7. B。only+状语放句首，句子要用部分倒装，we can solve this problem 中，情态动词 can 提前，主语 we 不变。 8. C。never 放句首，句子要用部分倒装，have seen 是现在完成时的正确表达。 9. A。so+助动词/系动词/情态动词+主语，表示“……也一样”，上句说 Sarah 喜欢唱歌跳舞，下句表示“我也一样”用 so do I。 10. D。here 放句首，句子要用完全倒装，comes the bus 是正确的倒装形式。 $$