UNIT 2 Section Ⅲ Using Language（Word教参）-【状元桥·优质课堂】2024-2025学年高中英语选择性必修第四册（人教版2024）

Section Ⅲ　Using Language 教材助读4 THE AMAZING ANIMALS OF AUSTRALIA Our topic today is “Creatures Unique to<1> Australia”，①with questions answered by wildlife expert, Dr Jim Smith. ①此处为with复合结构，在句中作状语。questions与answer之间为逻辑上的动宾关系，故此处用过去分词形式。Dr Jim Smith是wildlife expert的同位语。 Australia has lots of unique animals, but which animal is a symbol<2> of the country? It has to be the kangaroo, as it has a wide distribution<3> throughout the country.It's a tough<4> animal that has to survive in a difficult environment.Also, it cannot walk backwards, so it is always moving forwards.This expresses the strength and resolve<5> of the Australians as individuals<6> and as a nation.Baby kangaroos weigh only two grammes at birth<7>．They then find their way into their mother's pouch<8>—a kind of pocket—to stay safe and warm.They sleep and drink milk in that temporary<9>， protected environment ②until they are about seven or eight months old.After this phase<10>，they go out to try their legs.After they learn to jump, they gradually spend less time with their mother and learn to be independent.③Kangaroos may look cute, but encounters with<11> them don't always end so well.Kangaroos can hit and kick very hard, so please folks, if you see some kangaroos, remember they're not for petting! ②此处为until引导的时间状语从句。 ③本句为but连接的并列句，but后的分句包含部分否定。 Koalas are cute, and we see so many pictures of people holding them.But in many places in Australia, it is against the law to even touch them.Can you clarify<12> that? ④They are really quite cute, but the truth is, koalas are very sensitive creatures who can easily panic<13> because of even small changes in their environment.They spend quite a lot of time eating, sleeping, and hanging onto tree trunks<14>，so interaction with<15> humans can cause them a lot of stress.Because of this, the government began to make laws against<16> touching koalas, in the interest of<17> animal protection, as well as public safety.So, if you see one in the wild, you shouldn't approach it to pick it up<18> or even touch it.If you want to hold a koala, you have to go to certain licensed<19> zoos ⑤where animal experts make sure that the koalas selected for each session<20> are in a good state<21> for human contact and that they are handled<22> for only a limited<23> time and on a limited frequency<24> of occasions. ④but连接并列句；the truth is后接表语从句；who引导定语从句，修饰creatures。 ⑤此处where引导定语从句，修饰zoos；两个that都引导名词性从句，作make sure的宾语；selected for each session是过去分词作后置定语，修饰the koalas。 So, we've talked about some cute animals.What about animals which aren't so cute? My favourite is a little creature called the Tasmanian devil.If you are out camping in Tasmania and come across<25> one, the experience might scare you! ⑥Tasmanian devils hunt at night, so you won't usually see them, but you may hear their loud cries when they are fighting or eating.The noise ⑦they make could wake the dead <26>．Frightening! They are about the size of small dogs and look like rather large black rats.They also have a terrible smell! Their diet is mostly<27> dead animals.Fortunately, despite their name, they are generally not violent<28> towards people. ⑥so 是并列连词；but也是并列连词；when引导时间状语从句。 ⑦they make是定语从句，修饰the noise；wake the dead是一种夸张的修辞手法。英语中还有很多使用夸张手法的表达。如：The money was spent in the blink of an eye.一眨眼的工夫，钱就花完了。 Australia also has some animals that many people have never heard of, for example, the duck-billed platypus.Is that some kind of bird? Not at all.⑧ While it may lay eggs in a nest<29> like a bird, it's really a primitive<30> mammal<31>， with a unique biology<32>．Its eggs hatch<33>after about ten days, and then the baby platypus nurses<34>from its mother like all other mammals.Its nose looks like a duck's bill<35>， and it has feet like a duck's so it can dive under the water, but it's covered in hair.Do you know what's really strange about a platypus? The platypus doesn't use its senses of sight or smell to find food.It has a capacity<36>to find food in the water by using electrical sensors in its bill.There are only a small handful of<37>animals in the world ⑨that can do that! ⑧此处为while引导的让步状语从句。 ⑨that引导定语从句，修饰animals。 <1>unique to(某地或某人)独具的；特有的 <2>symbol n．[C]象征 <3>distribution/ˌdIstrIˈbjuːʃn/n.[U，C]分布；分配；分发 distribute vt.分配；分发 <4>tough adj.坚强的；健壮的；能吃苦耐劳的；坚韧不拔的 <5>resolve n．[熟词生义][U]决心；坚定的信念 <6>individual n．[C]个人 <7>at birth出生时 <8>pouch/paʊtʃ/n.[C]育儿袋；小袋子；荷包 <9>temporary/ˈtemprəri/adj.暂时的；短暂的 permanent adj.永久的 <10>phase/feIz/n.[C]阶段；时期 during the first/next/last phase在第一阶段/下一阶段/最后阶段 <11>encounter with…与……的相遇 encounter n．[C](意外、突然或暴力的)相遇；邂逅；遭遇；冲突 <12>clarify vt.使更清晰易懂；阐明；澄清 <13>panic vi. &vt.(panicked, panicked, panicking)(使)惊慌 in panic惊慌地 <14>trunk/trʌŋk/n.[C]树干 <15>interaction with…/between…与……的互动/……之间的互动 interact vi.交流；沟通；合作；相互影响；相互作用 interact with…与……交流/沟通 <16>make laws against (doing) sth制定法律禁止(做)某事 <17>in the interest(s) of sth为了……的利益 <18>pick up拿起；举起；提起 <19>licensed/ˈlaIsnst/adj.得到正式许可的 license/ˈlaIsns/vt.批准；许可 n．[C](＝licence)许可证；执照 <20>session/ˈseʃn/n.[C]一场；一段时间；会议 <21>in a(n)…state处于……的状态 <22>handle vt.(用手)触；拿；搬动 <23>limited adj.有限的 limit n．& vt.限制 <24>frequency/ˈfriːkwənsi/n.[C，U](声波或电磁波振动的)频率；发生率；重复率 frequent adj.频繁的；经常发生的 frequently adv.频繁地 <25>come across (偶然)遇见；碰见；发现 <26>the dead意为“死者”。“the＋形容词”表示一类人，为复数意义，作主语时，谓语动词要用复数形式。 <27>mostly adv.主要地；一般地；通常 <28>violent/ˈvaIələnt/ adj.暴力的；猛烈的 violently adv.强烈地；激烈地 violence/ˈvaIələns/n.[U]暴力；暴行 <29>nest/nest/n.[C]巢穴；鸟窝；秘密窝点 <30>primitive adj.原始的；人类或动物发展早期的；远古的 <31>mammal/ˈmæml/n．[C]哺乳动物 <32>biology/baIˈɒlədʒi/n．生理；生物学 <33>hatch/hætʃ/vi.孵出；破壳 vt.使孵出；策划；(尤指)密谋 <34>nurse vi.[熟词生义]吃奶；吸奶 <35>bill n．[熟词生义]鸟嘴；喙 <36>capacity/kəˈpæsəti/n.[C，usually sing.，U]能力；容量 capacity for (doing) sth/capacity to do sth做某事的能力 <37>a handful of少数人(或物)；一把(的量) 澳大利亚神奇的动物 我们今天的话题是“澳大利亚特有的生物”，由野生动物专家吉姆·史密斯博士回答问题。 澳大利亚拥有众多独一无二的动物，但哪种动物才是这个国家的象征呢？ 毫无疑问是袋鼠，因为这种动物广泛分布于全国。袋鼠是一种强壮的动物，生存于恶劣的环境中。此外，它不会倒退行走，所以总是勇往直前。这表达了澳大利亚人作为个体和民族的力量与决心。袋鼠宝宝出生时只有两克重。然后，它们会钻进母亲的育儿袋——一种口袋——以保持安全和温暖。它们在这个临时性、受保护的环境中睡觉和吃奶，直到七八个月大。在这个阶段之后，它们会出去试试腿力。学会跳跃之后，它们与母亲相处的时间就会逐步减少，学会独立。袋鼠可能看起来十分可爱，但与它们邂逅的结局并不总是那么美好。袋鼠的踢打相当有力，所以大家要小心，如果你们看到袋鼠，要记住它们不是用来爱抚的！ 考拉非常可爱，我们可以看到很多人抱着它们的照片。但是在澳大利亚的许多地方，即便碰一下它们都是违法的。你能说明一下这点吗？ 考拉确实十分可爱，但事实是，考拉是非常敏感的动物，即便只是环境中的微小变化都会让它们惊慌失措。它们很长时间都在吃东西、睡觉和挂在树干上，所以与人类互动会给它们带来极大的压力。因此，政府开始立法禁止触摸考拉，也是出于对保护动物和公共安全的考虑。所以，如果你在野外看到一只考拉，你不要靠近它去把它抱起来甚至是去触摸它。如果你想要抱一抱考拉，你必须去那些获得正式许可的动物园，在那里动物专家会确保为每场互动而选出的考拉状态良好，可以与人接触，而且只在有限的时间内，以有限的次数与人互动。 我们已经谈了一些可爱的动物，那么，不太可爱的动物呢？ 我最喜欢的是一种被称为塔斯马尼亚恶魔的小动物。如果你在塔斯马尼亚野外露营时遇到一只，那经历可能会吓到你！塔斯马尼亚恶魔在夜间捕食，所以你通常不会看到它们，然而当它们打架或者吃东西时，你会听到它们震耳的嚎叫声。它们发出来的噪音能把死人叫醒。太可怕了！它们个头跟小狗差不多，看起来像只大黑鼠。它们身上还有一股难闻的气味！它们的食物主要是动物的尸体。幸运的是，尽管它们名为“恶魔”，但是它们基本上对人类没有攻击性。 澳大利亚还有一些许多人从未听说过的动物，例如鸭嘴兽。那是某种鸟吗？ 完全不是。虽然鸭嘴兽可以像鸟一样在巢中产卵，但它实际上是一种原始的哺乳动物，具有罕见的生物特性。它的蛋大约十天后孵化出来，然后新生鸭嘴兽像其他所有哺乳动物一样由母亲哺乳。它的鼻子看起来像鸭嘴，脚也跟鸭子的一样，所以它可以潜到水下，但它浑身都是毛。你知道鸭嘴兽真正奇怪的地方是什么吗？鸭嘴兽并非用视觉或嗅觉来觅食。它拥有一种能用嘴里的电传感器在水中找到食物的能力。世界上具备这一能力的动物屈指可数！ Ⅰ.Read the text (P19～21), then choose the best answer. 1．What's the main idea of the passage? A．The kangaroos of Australia. B．The koalas of Australia. C．The creatures unique to Australia. D．The duck-billed platypus of Australia. 答案　C 2．Which animal is a symbol of Australia? A．The duck-billed platypus. B．The kangaroo. C．The koala. D．The Tasmanian devil. 答案　B 3．When do baby kangaroos begin to spend less time with their mothers? A．When they are seven or eight months. B．Before they go out to try their legs. C．After they have learned to jump. D．When they stay in their mother's pouch. 答案　C 4．What do koalas spend most of their time doing? A．Eating and sleeping. B．Climbing and eating. C．Staying in panic. D．Finding their food. 答案　A 5．When will the Tasmanian devils cry loudly? A．Pleased.　　　　　 B．Fighting. C．Exciting. D．Puzzling. 答案　B Ⅱ.课文语法填空 Australia has lots of unique animals, among 1. which the kangaroo is a symbol of the country as it has a wide 2. distribution (distribute) throughout the country.Koalas which spend quite a lot of time 3. hanging (hang) onto tree trunks are very cute but sensitive.So you shouldn't approach it to pick it 4. up or even touch it unless in certain licensed 5. zoos (zoo) for only a limited time and on a limited 6. frequency (frequent) of occasions. Australia also has 7. a unique animal called the duck-billed platypus.Its eggs hatch after about ten days, and then the baby platypus 8. nurses (nurse) from its mother like all other mammals.It has a capacity 9. to find (find) food in the water by using electrical sensors in 10. its (it) bill.There are only a small handful of animals in the world that can do that！ 1 (教材P19)It has to be the kangaroo, as it has a wide distribution throughout the country. 毫无疑问是袋鼠，因为这种动物广泛分布于全国。 distribution　n．分布；分配；分发 ①distribute　vt.分发；分配 distribute…to 把……分给…… distribute…among 在……中分发 ②distributor n．批发商；经销商 This kind of tree has a very wide distribution in this area. 这种树在这个地区分布很广。 [融会练通]——单句语法填空 (1)They will hold a meeting to discuss the distribution (distribute) of aid supplies. (2)The printers will arrange to distribute the books to every important city in the country. (3)All the workers are pretty satisfied with the bonus distributed (distribute) fairly. [习作练笔]——补全句子 (4)政府及时地给地震灾民分发了食物、药物和水。 The government has 　distributed food, medicine and water to/among　 the earthquake victims in time. 2 (教材P20)If you want to hold a koala, you have to go to certain licensed zoos where animal experts make sure that the koalas selected for each session are in a good state for human contact and that they are handled for only a limited time and on a limited frequency of occasions.如果想抱抱考拉，你得去那些有执照的动物园。那里的动物专家会确保挑选出来的考拉状态良好、适合与人接触，游客爱抚考拉的时长和频率也有限制。 licensed　adj.得到正式许可的 license vt.批准；许可 n．(＝licence)许可证；执照 license (sb/sth) for sth 批准……拥有(出售，发放)某物 license sb to do sth批准/授权某人做某事 under license许可；特许 All applicants must have a driver's license and access to a car. 所有申请者必须有驾照才能开车。 [融会练通]——单句语法填空 (1)It absolutely will take long to study to be a licensed (license) practical nurse. (2)A nurse who has enough training is licensed (license) by a state to provide routine care for the sick. [习作练笔]——补全句子 (3)据说，这位著名作家已授权一家不知名的出版社出版他的年度新作。 It is said that the famous writer has licensed an unknown publishing house to publish his new work of the year. frequency　n．发生率；重复率；(声波或电磁波振动的)频率 ①at/with…frequency　以……的频率 ②frequent adj.频繁的 frequently adv.频繁地 (2023·新课标Ⅰ)Most frequently, the groups reported that they “shared arguments and reasoned together”．最常见的情况是，这些团体报告说，他们“共同争论，共同推理”。 [融会练通]——单句语法填空 (4)In fact, I was annoyed at his frequent (frequency) visits. (5)My niece interrupted me frequently (frequent), which made me so annoyed. [习作练笔]——补全句子 (6)他的演讲是如此精彩以至于频繁地被热烈的掌声打断。 His speech was so wonderful that it was frequently interrupted by stormy applause. 3 (教材P21)It has a capacity to find food in the water by using electrical sensors in its bill.它拥有一种能用嘴里的电传感器在水中找到食物的能力。 capacity　n．能力；容量 ①have a capacity/ability/capability to do sth/for (doing) sth　有做某事的能力 in the capacity of 有能力；身为；有……的资格 beyond the capacity of 超出……的能力 ②capable adj.有能力的 be capable of 有……的能力 The pipeline has a capacity of some 1.2 million barrels a day.该管线的输送量每天约为120万桶。 [融会练通]——单句语法填空 (1)Limited resources are restricting our capacity for developing new products. (2)Facial recognition technology with its capacity to analyse (analyse) a huge amount of data, has come into widespread use. (3)Animals in the zoo have lost the capability (capable) to catch food for themselves. [习作练笔]——一句多译 (4)我有能力完美筹备即将在本市举行的中国画展览。 ① I have a capacity to perfectly organize the Chinese Painting Exhibition to be held in this city.(capacity) ② I am capable of perfectly organizing the Chinese Painting Exhibition to be held in this city.(capable) 4 (教材P21)While it may lay eggs in a nest like a bird, it's really a primitive mammal, with a unique biology.虽然鸭嘴兽可以像鸟一样在巢中产卵，但它实际上是一种原始的哺乳动物，具有罕见的生物特性。 句型：while引导让步状语从句 ①while意为“虽然、尽管”，引导让步状语从句(从句常置于句首)； ②while意为“然而、而”，作并列连词用，表示对比或转折； ③while意为“当……的时候”，引导时间状语从句。 [语义感知]——写出下列句中while的含义 (1)He was fishing while his kids were having a swim. 而 (2)It's our duty to protect the environment while we aim for economic development. 当……时 (3)While the Internet is of great help to us, I don't think it is a good habit to be addicted to it. 尽管 [习作练笔]——补全句子 (4)虽然任务有难度，但很有趣。 While the task was difficult , it was interesting. (5)尽管旅游能够增长见识，但是我认为你不应该在这方面花费太多的时间和金钱。 While travelling can broaden your mind , I don't think it's a good idea to spend too much time and money on it. 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$