U2 单元基础知识回顾-【优化探究】2025-2026学年新教材高中英语选择性必修第三册同步导学案配套PPT课件（译林版）

选择性必修第三册 Unit 2　Out of this world 单元基础知识回顾 【限时：30分钟】 Ⅰ.语境识词——写出下列词汇在句中的词性和词义 1．gravity/'ɡrævəti/ (1)Even children must behave with gravity at a funeral. ___________ (2)When on the moon, we lose the gravity of the earth. ________________ (3) There was an appealing gravity to everything she said. ________________ n.严肃 n.重力 n.庄严，庄重性 2．absence /'æbsəns/ (1)My teachers and classmates helped me with the lessons after my long absence from school. ________ (2)The case was dismissed in the absence of any definite proof. ________________ n.缺席 n.缺乏，不存在 3．ceiling /'siːlɪ/ (1)The government should set a ceiling on the price of daily necessities. __________ (2)He hit his head on the low ceiling. ________________ n.上限 n.天花板　 4．bother /'bɒðə(r)/ (1)Don't bother your father when he's working. ________________ (2)I've been shorter than others since I was little and therefore the problem of height has bothered me for more than ten years. ________________ (3)Did you have much bother finding the house? ________________ (4)Lots of people don't bother to go through a marriage ceremony these days. ______________________ vt.打扰 vt.使烦恼，使担心 n.麻烦，困难 vi.花费时间精力(做某事) 5．occupy /'ɒkjupaɪ/ (1)The bed seemed to occupy most of the room. _________________________ (2)The capital has been occupied by the rebel army. ________________ (3)She occupied herself with routine office tasks.________________ vt.占用(空间、面积、时间等) vt.占领，侵占 vt.使忙于(做某事) 6．exposure /ɪk'spəʊʒə(r)/ (1)Her new movie has had a lot of exposure in the media. ________________ (2)Many people in China have limited exposure to English.That makes it extra hard to learn and practice it.________________ (3)Large amounts of evidence of a link between exposure to sun and skin cancer have been found. ____________ n.报道 n.接触 n.暴露 7．luxury/'lʌkʃəri/ Generally speaking, electricity is a luxury that we've grown to take for granted. ________________ n.奢侈品 8．discipline /'dɪsəplɪn/ (1)Learning poetry is a good discipline for the memory. ________________ (2)Dieting is a matter of disciplining yourself.________________ (3)The private school is famous for high standards of discipline. ________________ (4)He'll never get anywhere working for himself—he's got no discipline.________________ n.训练 vt.严格要求(自己) n.纪律 n.自制力 9．orbit /'ɔːbɪt/ (1)After a spacecraft is launched, what we should do first is to make sure it goes in the right orbit. ______________________ (2) John Glenn, the American who first orbited the Earth, was welcomed by people when he got back. ______________________ n.(天体等运行的)轨道 vt.围绕……运动　 10．foundation /faʊn'deɪʃn/ (1)The money will go to the San Francisco AIDS Foundation. ________________ (2)The builders are now beginning to lay the foundations of the new school.________________ (3)The rumour is totally without foundation.How can you believe it? ________________ n.基金会 n.地基 n.根据　 11．scan /skæn/ (1)This software is designed to scan all new files for viruses. ________________ (2)That specialist who carried out the brain scan thought Tim's chance of survival was slim. ________________ vt.扫描 n.扫描检查　 12．purse /pɜːs/ (1)A visit to the new county museum will set the family purse back by around ￡12. ________________ (2)The little girl found a purse lying on the ground. _________ n.资金，财源 n.钱包　 13．origin /'ɒrɪdʒɪn/ (1)She has risen from humble origins to immense wealth._______ (2)The origin of facial makeup used in Peking Opera can be traced back to the Northern and Southern Dynasties, when leading actors used to wear masks. ________________ n.出身 n.起源，起因　 14．shuttle /'ʃʌtl/ (1)To get across town, you can take the shuttle from Times Square to Grand Central. ____________________________________ (2)Her childhood was spent shuttling between her mother and father. _________________________ (3) The space shuttle took five astronauts to the space station. _______________ n.来往于两地之间的航班(或班车、火车) vi.频繁往来(于两地之间) n.航天飞机　 15．calculate /'kælkjuleɪt/ (1)She calculated that going to a stranger's house was a risky move, but she decided to take the chance.________________ (2)At some stage we need to calculate when the project will be finished. ________________ vt.预测 vt.计算　 16．coverage /'kʌvərɪdʒ/ (1)Now a special TV network gives live coverage of most races. ________________ (2)China has 24.02 percent of its territory covered by forest and tops the fifth globally in terms of forest resource coverage. ___________ n.新闻报道 n.覆盖范围 17．assistant /ə'sɪstənt/ (1)Kalan called his assistant, Hashim, to take over his work while he went out. __________ (2)That's the shop assistant that served me the last time I came here. __________ (3)He was given the title of assistant manager. __________ n.助理 n.售货员 adj.副的 18．dust /dʌst/ (1)Alice is a diligent girl, who dust the desk every morning. ____________________________ (2)Now the amount of dust in the air is getting smaller and smaller. ________________ vt.除去……的灰尘 n.灰尘，尘埃　 19．shelter /'ʃeltə(r)/ (1)They were standing under the shelter of a huge tree. __________ (2)The sun beat down, so we sat in the shade, sheltering from the sun. _____________ (3)Rescue workers built shelters for survivors whose homes had been destroyed. ________________ n.庇护 vi.躲避 n.躲避处；避难所 (4)Food, clothing, fuel and shelter are the four most basic human needs.________________ (5)Trees were planted to shelter this area from strong sandstorms. ________________ n.居所，住处 vt.保护，掩蔽 20．constant /'kɒnstənt/ (1)There are alternatives to constant written communication, such as leaving voice messages or having a group chat. ________________ (2)The car travels at a constant speed. ________________ adj.连续发生的 adj.固定的，不变的 Ⅱ.语境用词——根据语境填写适当内容 1．absence (1)Actually, learning English as a foreign language is very difficult ______ the absence of a native language environment. (2)I don't know the reason why he was absent ______ the important meeting. (3)He failed in the exam because of his __________________ (心不在焉) in class. in from absence of mind 2．bother (1)I experienced years of loneliness as a child.My older brother couldn't be bothered ____________ (play)with me. (2)—Shall I order a taxi for Sarah to go to the airport tonight? —Don't bother ____________ (order) a taxi.I'll drive her there. (3)You should keep your mind on the task，and not bother ____________ personal gains or losses. (4) ______________________________ (令我烦恼的是) he had forgotten my birthday. to play ordering about/with It really bothered me that 3．occupy (1)He would have attended your birthday party but he occupied ________ (he) with a very important experiment. (2)In my spare time, I have been occupied ____ practicing my oral English so I speak English fluently. (3)Choosing an ____________ (occupy) takes time, and there are a lot of things you have to think about. himself in occupation 4．evaluate Three professors with high reputation made an ____________ (evaluate) of the teaching plan. evaluation 5．cast new light on (1)Recent research has cast new light ______the causes of the disease. (2)However, the new results cast doubt ______ both explanations. (3)The accident __________________________ (在……投下了阴影) the safety of the fast expanding subway network. on on cast a shadow on 6．maintenance (1)Careful ____________ (maintain) can extend the life of your car. (2)He __________________ (坚称) the money was donated for international purposes. maintenance maintained that 7．circumstance (1) __________________________ (在这种情况下)，what matters most is not only our persistence but also our attitudes. (2) __________________________ (无论如何都不) should you drink and drive，for it may result in accidents. (3)__________________________ (如果情况允许)，I will take part in the coming sports meeting. Under/In the circumstances Under/In no circumstances If circumstances allow/permit 8．exposure (1)____________ (expose) to the sun can accelerate the aging process. (2)Jack began to expose himself _____ the Chinese poetry two years ago and gradually fell in love with it. (3)Workers at the nuclear plant are ____________ (expose) to high doses of radiation. Exposure to exposed (4)If students are exposed to original works, they will have a better understanding of the language. →____________________________， students will have a better understanding of the language.(过去分词短语作状语) Exposed to original works 9．visible (1)She was ____________ (visible) upset to hear of some of the things that told how the children had suffered. (2) Previously, we placed too much emphasis on the protection of traditional buildings, but little attention was paid to the protection of ____________ (visible) cultural elements. visibly invisible　 10．in view of (1) __________________ (鉴于) the coming visit of a group of Britain students to our school, students in our school hold different opinions on whether we should wear traditional Chinese costumes to extend a very warm welcome to visitors. (2)On the top of Mount Tai, you can ________________________ (饱览) the beautiful sunrise. In view of have a good view of (3) ___________ (在我看来)，we should develop healthy eating habits to build up a strong body. (4)When the old man opened the window, a beautiful bird __________________ (映入眼帘). In my view came into view 11．vital (1)We should arouse the awareness of people that the ocean resources are very vital ___ us. (2)If we are to make a difference in life，it's vital that we ____________ (begin) with small things. (3)I think it is vital ___________ (expand) vocabulary to learn English well. to (should) begin to expand 12．permanent (1)The only way to lose weight ____________ (permanent) is to completely change your attitudes toward food. (2)The third quality of literature, coming out of the other two, is its ____________ (permanent). permanently permanence 13．crucial (1)Don't throw away your beginner art.Seeking and accepting constructive feedback (反馈) is crucial ____ growth. (2)It is crucial _____ we get the rules right at the global level. (3)Chewing properly is ____________ (crucial) important. to that crucially 14．foundation (1)The explosion shook the (foundation) of the houses nearby. (2)Careful planning laid the foundation the nation's economic miracle. foundations for 15．origin (1)It is highly recommended that you write your own ____________ (origin) compositions instead of imitating others'. (2)This book finally explodes some of the myths about the origin ____ the universe. (3) ____________ (original), we had intended to go to Italy, but then we got the opportunity to go to Greece. original of Originally 16．motivate (1)A good mother should be able to motivate the child ____________ (read) books. (2)The manager was glad to employ so many highly ____________ (motivate) employees. (3)Jack is intelligent enough but he lacks ____________ (motivate). to read motivated motivation 17．investment (1)I think it is a good ____________ (invest) to buy books for the children. (2)They have invested a lot of time and effort _______ the project so they won't give it up easily. (3)The new policies are aimed at attracting more _________ (invest). investment in investors 18．calculate (1)When working with an amount of numbers, an abacus is practically faster, since it has a better “keyboard” than the Western ____________ (calculate). (2)Our guess was confirmed by ____________ (calculate). (3)We ____________ (指望，期待)having fine weather for the sports meeting next week. calculators calculation calculate on (4) ______________________ (据统计) European railways alone spend approximately 20 billion euros a year on maintenance, including sending maintenance staff, often at night, to inspect and repair the rail infrastructure. (5) ________________________ (根据我的计算), we made a profit of ￡20, 000 last year. It is calculated that By my calculation(s) 19．coverage (1)As a football fan，the boy longs to watch the live ____________ (cover) of the match. (2)The beautiful long branches that are covered ________ pink­colored buds make fantastic decorations. (3)Located in the center of Beijing, China, the Forbidden City ____________________ (占地) over 720，000 square metres. coverage with covers an area of 20．assistant (1)After school, I often assist the monitor ________ (close) the windows as well as the lights in the classroom. (2)I often assisted the exchange students _____ learning Chinese when they were studying in our school. (3)Nobody is more concerned about us than our parents, who are willing to come to our ____________ (assist) whenever we are in trouble. (4) ________________________________ (在他的老师的帮助下), he gradually adjusted to the school life. to close in assistance With the assistance of his teacher 21．shelter (1)We had to ________________ the rain in a doorway. (2)Tired，we had a rest _______________________________ (在一棵大树的荫蔽下). shelter from under the shelter of a big tree Ⅲ.完成句子 1．至关重要的是，我们应当采取行动制止对雨林的破坏。(vital) ______________ we act to stop the destruction of the rainforest. 2. 前天雨下得很大，因此她只好待在家里。 It rained hard the day before yesterday, __________________________． 3. 尽管外面雨下得很大，我们还是按计划出发了。 __________________________________， we started out as planned. It is vital that so that she had to stay at home Hard as it was raining outside 4．运动对健康非常重要，所以你应该定期锻炼。 Sports ______________________________________ to health, so you should take exercise regularly. 5. 引进新的技术以后，那个工厂2023年生产的汽车是前一年的两倍。 After the new technique was introduced, the factory produced _________________________________________. are of great importance /are very important　 twice as many cars in 2023 as the year before Ⅳ.单元语法 1．________ he became upset at the gathering still puzzled me a lot. 2．____________ the lecture will be given hasn't been decided, but perhaps next week. 3．____________ you make any noise late at night disturbs your neighbours greatly. 4．________ they finished the task in such a short time is still a mystery to me. Why When Whenever How 5．_________ made us relieved was that our son performed wonderfully at the concert. 6．____________ leaves the room last ought to turn off the lights. 7．____________ you want is always fine with me. 8．It's still unclear _________ boy made her so annoyed. 9．____________ watch is lost is still unknown. 10．It depends on ____________ we can get their cooperation or not. What Whoever Whatever which Whose whether $$