U2 Period Ⅱ Welcome to the unit -【优化探究】2025-2026学年新教材高中英语选择性必修第三册同步导学案配套PPT课件（译林版）

选择性必修第三册 Unit 2　Out of this world Period Ⅱ　Welcome to the unit & Reading—Language points 内容索引 NEIRONGSUOYIN 课时作业 巩固提升 课堂检测 素养达标 词汇识记   1．astronaut n．宇航员，航天员 Jobs in the space industry go far beyond the astronauts that receive widespread media coverage. 航空业中的职业远不只是媒体广泛报道的宇航员。 2．gravity n．重力，地球引力；严重性；严肃 The Consul spoke slowly and with great gravity.领事讲话慢悠悠的，神态十分严肃。 I don't think you realize the gravity of the situation.我认为你没有意识到形势的严重性。 Gravity is a natural phenomenon.重力是一种自然现象。 3．absence n．缺乏，不存在；缺席   He is always absent from class, and his absence makes his headteacher angry. 他总是旷课，他的缺席使他的班主任很生气。 absent adj.缺席的，不在的 4．float vi.飘动，漂流；浮vt.使浮动，使漂流   I felt like I was floating in an ocean of sadness.我觉得自己漂浮在悲伤的海洋里。 Scientists say thousands of animals get trapped in the floating waste, resulting in death or injury. 科学家说，成千上万的动物被困在漂浮的废物中，导致死亡或受伤。 floating adj.流动的，飘浮的 5．cupboard n．壁橱；橱柜，衣柜 But I was so enthusiastic about the idea of going along with them that I secretly went aboard his ship, the Endurance, and hid in a small cupboard.但我对于和他们一起探险实在是充满热情，所以偷偷地登上他的船——“坚忍号”，藏在一个小橱柜里。 6．ceiling n．天花板；上限 With their chins on their hands, they occupy themselves by staring out of the window or up at the ceiling. 他们托着下巴，全神贯注地盯着窗外或天花板看。 Let's look at the price ceilings.让我们看看价格上限。 7．bother vt.使烦恼，使担心；花费时间精力(做某事)；打扰vi. 花费时间精力(做某事)n.麻烦，困难 It upset her that nobody had bothered to tell her about it. 让她不高兴的是，谁也没有把这件事告诉她。 Not knowing what to do, the old lady rang up her son and asked for his help with what she described as a bit of bother. 老太太不知道该怎么办，于是打电话给她儿子，请他帮忙解决她所谓的一点小麻烦。 8．occupy vt.占用，使用；居住；占领，侵占；使忙于 Many people in this area are occupied with many electric wastes and they are occupying themselves in handling how to remove them, but failed. 这个地区的许多人都忙于大量电子垃圾，他们忙于如何清除它们，但没有成功。 occupation n．占用，使用；居住；占领，侵占；职业 9．mission n．任务；使命，天职；军事行动；太空飞行任务 It didn't take long before David picked himself up again and continued his mission. 没过多久，大卫就重新振作起来，继续他的使命。 The young clerk expressed full of confidence that he was qualified for that demanding mission, which was beyond our expectations. 令我们出乎意料的是，这位年轻的职员信心满满地表达了他能胜任那个高要求的任务。 10．evaluate vt.评估，估计，评价 We must evaluate the consequences caused by the fire.＝We must make an evaluation of the consequences caused by the fire.我们必须评估火灾造成的后果。 evaluation n. 评估，估计，评价 11．creature n．动物，生物；人 The research on the monarch butterfly's behavior has however led to a greater awareness of this creature.对黑脉金斑蝶行为的研究使人们对这种生物有了更多的认识。 12．mosquito n．(pl.mosquitoes or mosquitos) 蚊子 13．microscope n．显微镜 14．cast new light on 使进一步了解…… What he said cast new light on the problem.他所说的话为这个问题提供了新的线索。 15．maintenance n．维护，保养；维持，保持     It's important to maintain a healthy weight, as extra kilos put extra pressure on joints (关节).保持健康的体重很重要，因为额外的体重会给关节带来额外的压力。 With so much going on, the space station needs a lot of maintenance.有这么多事情要做，空间站需要大量的维护。 maintain v．维护，保养；维持，保持 16．circumstance n．条件，状况；(circumstances) 境况，(尤指)经济状况   Something that suits you is convenient for you or is the best thing for you in the circumstances.适合你的东西对你来说是方便的，或者在这种情况下对你来说是最好的。 in the circumstances 在这种情况下，既然如此 17．exposure n．面临，遭受；揭露；报道     Having been exposed to the sunlight for a long time, the curtains faded in the sun.窗帘暴露在阳光下太久了，在阳光下褪色了。 After a short exposure to the sunlight, his skin began to turn red.短时间暴露在阳光下后，他的皮肤开始变红。 expose vt.使暴露，使显露；揭露；曝光 exposed adj.暴露的，无遮蔽的 18．radiation n．辐射，放射线 19．visible adj.看得见的；明显的     There are many invisible pollutants in our everyday life that are causing visible health damage to us.在我们日常生活中有很多看不见的污染物正给我们的健康带来显而易见的损害。 invisible adj.看不见的 visibly adv.看得见的；明显的 20．in view of 鉴于，考虑到 In view of the present situation, we'll have to revise our original plan.基于目前这种情况，我们不得不修改我们原来的计划。 21．luxury n．不常有的乐趣(或享受)；奢侈品   Nodding his thanks to her, he ate the most luxurious meal he had ever had in his life.他向她点头致谢，吃下了他一生中吃过的最奢侈的一餐。 It's a luxury to eat fresh food, because fresh food can only be delivered to the space station from the earth every couple of months.吃新鲜的食物是一种奢侈，因为新鲜的食物只能每隔几个月从地球送到空间站。 luxurious adj.奢侈的 22．tube n．管，管子；软管 23．furthermore adv.此外，再者 He is inefficient, and furthermore he is innocent of any sense of responsibility.他效率低下，而且毫无责任感。 24．pill n．药丸，药片 25．vital adj.必不可少的，对……极重要的；维持生命所必需的 This math problem is complex and vital, so it deserves paying attention to.这道数学题既复杂又重要，因此值得关注。 26．discipline vt.严格要求(自己)；惩罚；训练n.训练，纪律；行为准则；自制力 Studying at home requires a good deal of discipline.在家学习需要具备良好的自制力。 He disciplined himself to exercise at least three times a week.他要求自己每周至少锻炼三次。 27．leisure n．闲暇，空闲 Call me at 9 o'clock tomorrow. I will enjoy my leisure time then.明天9点打电话给我。我将享受我的闲暇时间。 28．crew n．全体工作人员；全体乘务人员，全体船员；专业团队 It was on April 15, 1912 that the luxury passenger liner Titanic sank with over a thousand passengers and crew still on board.1912年4月15日，豪华客轮泰坦尼克号沉没，船上还有一千多名乘客和船员。 29．permanent adj.永久的，永恒的     The aim of the two leaders at the conference was to achieve permanent peace between their two countries.两位领导人在会议上的目标是实现两国间的永久和平。 permanently adv.永久地，永恒地 permanence n．永久，永恒 “We do not keep elephants behind iron fences permanently, so all elephants are taken out to adapt to the wild environment every day，” Chen says.陈说：“我们不会永远把大象关在铁栅栏后面，所以所有的大象每天都会被带出去以适应野外环境。” 30．altogether adv.完全；总共；总之 In their class there are altogether 54 students, half of whom wear glasses.他们班共有54名学生，其中一半戴眼镜。 31．kit n．成套设备，成套工具；配套元件 默写练习 【限时：15分钟】 Ⅰ.默写重点单词 1．____________ n．宇航员，航天员 2．____________ vi.飘动，漂流；浮 vt.使浮动，使漂流 3．____________ n．天花板；上限 4．____________ n．任务；使命，天职；军事行动；太空飞行任务 5．____________ n．条件，状况；境况，(尤指)经济状况 astronaut float ceiling mission circumstance 6．____________ adv.此外，再者 7．______ adj.必不可少的，对……极重要的；维持生命所必需的 8．____________ vt.严格要求(自己)；惩罚；训练n.训练，纪律；行为准则；自制力 9．____________ n．闲暇，空闲 furthermore vital discipline leisure 10．______ n．全体工作人员；全体乘务人员，全体船员；专业团队 11．___________ adv.完全；总共；总之 12．__________ vt.使烦恼，使担心；花费时间精力(做某事)；打扰 vi.花费时间精力(做某事) n．麻烦，困难 13．__________ adj.永久的，永恒的→__________ adv.永久地，永恒地→____________ n. 永久，永恒 crew altogether bother permanent　 permanently　 permanence 14．_______ n．不常有的乐趣(或享受)；奢侈品→____________ adj.奢侈的 15．________ n．缺乏，不存在；缺席→__________ adj.缺席的；不在的 16．_________ vt.占用，使用；居住；占领，侵占；使忙于→ ____________ n．职业，工作；占领→____________ adj.忙于……的；使用中的 luxury　 luxurious absence　 absent occupy　 occupation　 occupied 17．____________ vt.评估，估计，评价→__________ n．评估 18．____________ n．维护，保养；维持，保持→____________ v．保持，维持 19．__________ n．面临，遭受；揭露；报道→____________ vt.暴露；揭露；使曝光 20．____________ adj.看得见的；明显的→____________ adj.看不见的 evaluate evaluation maintenance　 maintain exposure expose visible　 invisible Ⅱ.默写核心短语 1．________________ 使进一步了解…… 2．__________________ 在这种情况下，既然如此 3．______________ 鉴于，考虑到 4．___________ 做，实施，执行，开展 5．________ 穿上；增加(体重)；举办，展出；打开(设备、装置等)；提高……的成本(或价值)；(行为举止)假装 cast new light on in the circumstances in view of carry out put on 6．___________ 吸气； 吸入 7．_________ 出发； 头探出； 启程 8．____________ 由于，因为 9．________________ 结束 breathe in head out due to come to an end Ⅲ.词形变化填空 1．He was eager to go back after three­weeks' ____________ from school, but having been ____________ for such a long time, he was really concerned that he would be left behind.(absent) 2．The theory about ____________ is ____________ all over the world.(universe) 3．As is ____________，the last ____________ is reasonable in many ways.(evaluate) absence absent universe　 universal evaluated　 evaluation 4．The new ____________ made him ____________ in it all day，which damaged his health.(occupy) 5．To my surprise，the ____________ to the nuclear radiation made the scientific agency ____________ to a variety of dangers.(expose) occupation　 occupied exposure exposed Ⅳ.选词填空 从核心短语中选择合适的完成下列句子 1．It first infects you because you __________ some of the infectious agents. 2．Human genome research is _________________ Alzheimer's disease. 3．Working plans are to be made ___________ concreting circumstances. breathe in casting new light on in view of 4．Mistakes ________ carelessness may have serious consequences, so do be careful. 5．He announced that from then on the Sunday­morning meetings would ________________． due to come to an end 词汇精研 1.absence n．缺乏，不存在；缺席(absent adj.不在的，缺席的；心不在焉的 absent-minded adj.心不在焉的；健忘的) [教材原文] Due to the near absence of gravity in space, we have to attach ourselves so that we don't float around. 由于太空中几乎没有重力，我们必须把自己固定住，才不会四处漂浮。 (1)absence from缺席；不在 absence of mind心不在焉 in one's absence某人不在时 in the absence of缺乏；缺少……时 (2)be absent from不参加；缺席 [即学即练]——单句语法填空/句型转换 ①He could not account for his ____________ (absent) from school, so the teacher was angry. ②I am writing to apologize to you for being absent _______ the activity of the English club on May 5th. ③What made me annoyed was that the decision was made while I was not there. →What made me annoyed was that the decision was made ____________________________________．(介词短语) absence from in my absence/in the absence of me 2.bother vt.使烦恼，使担心；花费时间精力(做某事)；打扰 vi.花费时间精力(做某事) n．麻烦，困难 [教材原文] It's strange that we try to sleep with no pressure against our back, but the unusual beds don't bother us any more. 试着背部没有压力入睡是奇怪的，但我们不再为这些特别的床而烦恼了。 bother to do sth.操心/费心做某事 bother with/about sth.为某事费心 bother doing sth.费心做某事 bother sb.with sth.用某事打扰某人 It bothers/bothered sb.that.../to do...使某人烦恼的是…… can't be bothered to do sth.不想花时间或精力做某事 [即学即练]——单句语法填空/一句多译 ①Unfortunately, the young man didn't bother ________________ (check) the exact wording of the contract before he signed it. ②______ bothered the nurse to think of her daughter alone at home. ③你做出这道题费劲吗？ →Did you ______________________ the problem？(bother) →Did you ___________________________________ the problem？(trouble/difficulty) checking/to check It bother to work out have any difficulty/trouble in working out 3.occupy vt.占用，使用；居住；占领，侵占；使忙于(occupied adj.忙于……的；从事……的；使用中的 occupation n．占领；职业；工作) [教材原文] The routine tasks that occupy most of the day are demanding, but they can also be extremely rewarding. 占用了一天里大部分时间的日常工作要求很高，但是也会非常有意义。 (1)occupy oneself with sth./(in) doing sth.忙于某事；专心于做某事 (2)be occupied (in) doing sth.忙于做某事 be occupied with sth.从事/忙于某事 [即学即练]——单句语法填空/一句多译 ①Teaching and doing housework keep my mother ____________ (occupy) every day. ②The young man is looking for an ____________ (occupy) which is going to be an adventurer. occupied occupation ③尽管忙于学习，我们还是应该留出一些时间参加课外活动。 →Although we ____________________ study, we should set aside some time to participate in the after－class activities. →Although we ____________________ study, we should set aside some time to participate in the after－class activities. →Although ____________________ study，we should set aside some time to participate in the after－class activities. are occupied with　 occupy ourselves with　 occupied with 4.circumstance n．条件，状况；(circumstances)境况，(尤指)经济状况 [教材原文] In the circumstances, it's time for a spacewalk. 在这种情况下，是时候来场太空行走了。 under/in the circumstances在这种情况下，既然如此 under/in no circumstances决不；无论如何都不(位于句首时，句子要用部分倒装) under/in any circumstances 在任何情况下 if circumstances allow/permit 如果情况允许 [即学即练]——单句语法填空/完成句子 ①It might not be a perfect solution, but it's the best I can do ____________ the circumstances. ②However, in daily life there will always be circumstances _______ your friends will let you down. under/in where ③我的老师总是提醒我，一旦设定了学习目标，在任何情况下，我都不应该放弃。 My teacher always reminds me that __________________________ ________________ my learning goals once I set them. ④如果情况允许，我们将不遗余力地帮助你。 __________________________， we will spare no effort to help you. under no circumstances should I abandon If circumstances allow/permit [名师点津]　(1) under no circumstances意为“决不”，为表示否定意义的介词短语，放在句首时常用部分倒装，即将助动词、情态动词或系动词be提到主语之前。有类似用法的短语还有by no means, in no way, in no case, on no condition, on no account, at no time等。 (2)circumstance意为“环境，情况”时为抽象地点名词，当其作先行词，并在从句中作状语时，用where或“介词＋which”引导定语从句。有类似用法的词还有point，stage，case，situation，condition，position，activity，scene，occasion，environment等。 5.exposure n.面临，遭受；揭露；报道[expose vt.使暴露(于险境)；揭露，使曝光] [教材原文] 　First，we put on our spacesuits, which allow us to breathe in space and protect us from exposure to the cold and radiation. 首先，我们穿上航空服，它可以让我们在太空中呼吸，保护我们免受寒冷和辐射的侵害。 expose...to...把……暴露在……，使……接触…… expose oneself to...使某人接触……；使某人暴露于…… be exposed to 接触……；暴露于…… [即学即练]——单句语法填空/完成句子 ①Exposing the children _____ foreign cultures can make them cast new light on foreign customs. ②We should expose ____________ (we) to as many new ideas and concepts as possible. to ourselves ③让自己接触大自然能帮助你更进一步了解大自然的美。 __________________________________ can help you cast new light on its beauty. ④皮肤暴露在阳光下的时间越长，你患皮肤癌的可能性就越大。 The longer ________________________________，the more likely you will suffer from skin cancer. Exposing yourself to the nature the skin is exposed to sunlight 6.vital adj.必不可少的，对……极重要的；维持生命所必需的 [教材原文] Spending some time in the gym is of vital importance to astronauts' health. 花些时间在健身房锻炼对宇航员的健康至关重要。 be of vital importance＝be very important至关重要 be vital for/to对……极为重要 It is vital that...(should) do sth.……是十分重要的 It is vital to do sth.做某事很重要 [即学即练]——单句语法填空/完成句子 ①As everyone can see, education is vital ____________ the country's future. ②Reading is ______ vital importance in language learning. ③此外，重要的是你要注意餐桌礼仪。 Besides, __________________ you should mind your table manners. to/for of　 it's vital that 7.in view of鉴于，考虑到 [教材原文] In view of the low－gravity environment, eating is also different in space. 鉴于低重力环境，饮食在太空中也有所不同。 (1)in one's view在某人看来 come into view看得见，进入视野 in view在视野范围内 have a good view of清楚地看到；饱览 (2)view...as把……看作 [即学即练]——单句语法填空/一句多译 ①The Internet is viewed by many people ____ a revolutionary education tool. ②In view ___ the bad weather, some flights have been canceled. ③You can have _____ good view of the beautiful sunrise from the window. as of a ④在我看来，篮球不仅是一项运动，而且是一门艺术。 → ________________，basketball is not only a sport but also an art. → ____________________， basketball is not only a sport but also an art. → ____________ that basketball is not only a sport but also an art. → ______________， basketball is not only a sport but also an art. → ______________________， basketball is not only a sport but also an art. In my view　 From my point of view　 I hold the view In my opinion　 As far as I am concerned [名师点津]　view 意为“观点”时，其常用结构为in one's view, from one's point of view, hold the view；其同义短语有in one's opinion, as far as sb.be concerned。 句式剖析 1.as引导让步状语从句 [教材原文] Splendid as the view of the Earth is, spacewalking is not as exciting as you might think. 虽然地球的景色十分壮观，但太空行走并不像你们可能想象的那么激动人心。 (1)句中第一个as引导让步状语从句，使用部分倒装，将形容词splendid放于as前面。 (2)as作连词，有以下用法： ①意为“尽管”时，引导让步状语从句； ②意为“当……时候；一边……一边……；随着”时，引导时间状语从句； ③意为“按照……的方式(办法)；如同……”时，引导方式状语从句； ④意为“因为；既然”时，引导原因状语从句； ⑤引导比较状语从句，常用于as...as...句型，意为“像……一样……”(第一个as是副词，第二个as是连词)。 [即学即练]——完成句子/句型转换 ①俗话说得好，活到老学到老。 ____________________， it is never too late to learn. ②尽管他非常努力，但他没有通过那次考试。 ____________________， he didn't pass the exam. As an old saying goes Hard as he tried ③With it becoming colder，more and more birds fly to the south. → ______________________， more and more birds fly to the south.(as引导的从句) ④Although they were tired, they stayed up preparing the report. → ______________________， they stayed up preparing the report.(用倒装语序) As it becomes colder Tired as they were [名师点津]　as引导让步状语从句必须使用部分倒装，即将形容词、副词、名词、动词等放于as前面，如果表语是单数可数名词，提前时应省掉冠词。 2.That is why... [教材原文] That's why every spacewalk is carefully planned. 这就是每次太空行走都要经过精心策划的原因。 (1)本句是一个复合句。其中why引导表语从句， 表示结果。That is why...是一个常用句型， 意为“这/那就是……的原因”。 (2)This/That/It is why...这/那是……的原因 (why引导表语从句， 表示结果) (3)This/That/It is because...这是/那是因为……(because引导表语从句，表示原因) (4)The reason why...is that...……的原因是……(why引导定语从句， that引导表语从句， 表示原因) [即学即练]——单句语法填空/完成句子 ①He didn't attend the meeting.That's ____________ he had an urgent thing to deal with. ②I have a good command of English and am easy to get along with.That's ________ I'm writing to apply for the job. ③我之所以写信申请这份工作，是因为我有以下优点。 ____________________________________________ I have the following advantages. because why The reason why I am writing to apply for the job is that 课堂检测 素养达标 Ⅰ.单词拼写 1．I would really like to interview him because he is not only the first Chinese to go to space but also one of the greatest ____________ (航天员) in the world. 2．The falling of an apple from a tree helped Newton to discover the law of ____________ (地球引力). astronauts gravity 3．The bed seemed to __________ (占用) most of the room. 4．The planes needed to be refuelled before the next ____________ (任务). 5．When the teachers ____________ (评价) the students, they should also take their qualities into account. 6．The zoo has some of the most beautiful and rare ____________ (生物) in the world and offers you a great chance to visit wild animals. occupy mission evaluate creatures 7．As we all know, each species contributes to the variety of life forms on the Earth and plays an important role in __________ (维持) life. 8．The water is so clear that the fish is ________ (看得见的) below the surface of the river. 9．The workman was ____________ (惩罚) by his company but not dismissed. 10．____________ (总共) there are some ten thousand of these volcanoes on Earth，all but a few hundred of them extinct. maintaining visible disciplined Altogether Ⅱ.选词填空 come to an end, cast new light on, in the circumstances, in view of, be of vital importance, differ from, carry out, be designed for, at a speed of, protect...from 1．First of all, the most significant thing is to set a goal, work out a plan and ____________ your plan step by step. 2．My suggestion that everyone should participate in class management ____________ that of my classmates'. carry out differed from 3．How did the accident come about since he drove ____________ sixty miles per hour? 4．____________ her mother's poor health, she gave up the chance to work abroad. 5．As we all know, these exercises ____________ strengthening muscles. at a speed of In view of are designed for 6．It is reported that the meeting didn't ________________ until 12 o'clock. 7．He realized that it was because there weren't enough trees to ________ them __________ the heat. 8．Honestly speaking，the result was the best that could be expected ________________． come to an end protect　 from in the circumstances 9．It is the expert's words that ______________ the problem. 10．As we all know, a balanced diet ______________________ to the growth of children. cast new light on is of vital importance Ⅲ.完成句子 1. 他一生都在致力于帮助那些需要帮助的孩子。 He __________________________________ helping the children who are in need of help all through his life. 2．在任何情况下我们都不能忘记我们的使命。 ____________________________________ forget our mission. is occupied in/occupies himself in　 Under no circumstances should we 3．重要的是我们应从失败中吸取教训。 __________________________ something from failure. 4．让她生气的是她的队友在她不在场的情况下做出了决定。 What made her angry was that her teammates made the decision _______________________________． 5．尽管他生病了，他依然坚持做实验。 _____________，he still carries on doing the experiment. It is vital that we should learn in the absence of her/in her absence Ill as he is 课时作业 巩固提升 Ⅰ.单句语法填空 1．The heavy rain may have accounted for the ____________ (absent) of so many students this morning. 2．It upset him that nobody had bothered ____________ (tell) him about the change of the time of the party. 3．Occupying herself in ____________ (look) after three children at home, she no longer has time to enjoy the various activities in the club. absence telling/to tell looking 4．His firm took over the planting and general ____________ (maintain) of the park last March. 5．Under no ____________ (circumstance) did I expect that I would meet so many problems when I decided to take the job. 6．Among the environmental risks for cancer, there are growing concerns about ____________ (expose) to different types of pesticides (杀虫剂) from farming. maintenance circumstances exposure 7．The “HAPPY TO CHAT” benches help break down the __________ (visible) social barrier that keeps people from saying hello. 8．In view ______ the danger, we have set additional guards at the entrance to the building. 9．It is vital _________ (take) regular physical exercise to keep healthy. 10．All the teachers and students, as well as the headmaster, ________ (be) going to attend the opening ceremony. invisible of to take are Ⅱ.单句写作 1．尽管太空漫步对航天员来讲具有挑战性和危险性，但它很有意义。(as引导让步状语从句) ________________________________________________________________________ 2．为了完成任务，航天员们经常进行各种类型的训练。(occupy) _______________________________________________________________________ Challenging and dangerous as spacewalking is for astronauts，it is meaningful. To fulfill the mission，astronauts often occupy themselves with many kinds of training. 3．低重力对人体有不良影响，这就是航天员每天都要锻炼的原因。(that's why...) _______________________________________________________________________________ 4．在我看来，成为一名航天员是伟大的和令人钦佩的。(in one's view) ________________________________________________ Low gravity has bad effects on human body，that's why the astronauts do exercise every day. In my view，to be an astronaut is great and admirable. 5．我要接触更多的天文学知识，并对其作出贡献。(expose) ________________________________________________________________________ I'll expose myself to the knowledge of astronomy more and make a contribution to it. Ⅲ.阅读理解 A Rising Legacy High School senior Brianna Ortiz is one of five students in the US and the only Texan to be selected to attend the International Science School (ISS) this summer in Australia. This famous programme, designed to inspire young minds and awaken a passion for space exploration, provides students with an immersive and educational experience that promises to shape their future in the field of space science. Brianna's space journey started when she took part in MISD's Orbitz program in the fall of 2021.That experience gave her the opportunity to apply for ISS through an extensive application process that included letters of recommendation, writing essays and an interview.ISS selected Brianna from a highly competitive pool of international applicants who share an enthusiasm for space exploration. During the program, Brianna will have the privilege of engaging with outstanding scientists, engineers and educators who will guide her through a series of hands-on activities, simulations (模拟), and lectures.This comprehensive training will provide her with invaluable knowledge about space travel, rocketry, robotics, and other essential aspects of the aerospace industry. “This is a dream come true for me, and I can't wait to immerse myself in the world of space exploration，” Brianna said.“When I was little, I wanted to be an astronaut, but now I'm interested in becoming an aerospace engineer and building rockets that impact the way we live here on Earth.” Brianna said one of the things she's most looking forward to is the opportunity to cooperate with fellow like-minded students from around the world.They will participate in team-building exercises, problem-solving challenges, and space mission simulations, developing essential skills such as leadership, critical thinking, and effective communication. The experience gained at ISS will broaden Brianna's horizons and inspire her to pursue a career in the exciting field of space exploration. [语篇解读]　本文是一篇新闻报道。文章报道了高中生Brianna被ISS录取的故事。 1．What is the aim of ISS? A．To select the best talent. B．To cultivate excellent astronauts. C．To help students develop a strong mind. D．To get the students interested in space exploration. 答案：D 2 3 1 4 细节理解题。根据第二段的内容可知，ISS的目的是让学生对太空探索产生兴趣。故选D。 2 3 1 4 2．Which of the following best describes the process of Brianna being selected by ISS? A．Difficult.　　　　　　　 B．Painful. C．Creative. D．Slow. 答案：A 2 3 1 4 推理判断题。根据第三段最后一句可知，Brianna被ISS选中的过程是困难的。故选A。 2 3 1 4 3．What will Brianna do at ISS? A．Experience space travel. B．Listen to lectures by experts. C．Work in an aerospace factory. D．Participate in robotics development. 答案：B 2 3 1 4 细节理解题。根据第四段第一句可知，Brianna将会在ISS听专家的讲座。故选B。 2 3 1 4 4．What can we learn about Brianna? A．She has great teamwork skills. B．She has been the best student at ISS. C．She dreams of being an astronaut after attending ISS. D．She has been interested in space exploration since childhood. 答案：D 2 3 1 4 细节理解题。根据第五段第二句可知，Brianna从小就对太空探索感兴趣。故选D。 2 3 1 4 B A study conducted recently suggests millions of dollars can be made by using fleets of bright CubeSats (立方体卫星) to form advertisements high above Earth.This has concerned some scientists, as it would tarnish our already-threatened views of the night sky. The purpose of the new study was to evaluate the “economic feasibility (可行性) of a space advertising mission that would launch a formation of satellites into orbit to reflect sunlight and display commercials in the sky above cities，” according to Shamil Bikimirov, the first promoter of the study. Bikimirov and his colleagues envision (设想) 50 or more CubeSats working in concert to create images that are visible from highly populated urban areas.And they estimate that a single mission would cost about $65 million. But in the view of astrophysicist Jonathan McDowell, the “bright advertising messages themselves will be localized to urban areas，” but the “brightness of these solar sail satellites will still be substantial in other places and times，” which is something the Russian researchers didn't consider. The Russian researchers, in full anticipation of negative response, defended their idea, saying the ads would only appear at dawn or dusk (the CubeSats require at least some exposure to sunlight to become bright and visible) and that the space-based ads only make economic sense for “large cities that are already exposed to permanent light pollution”． The promoters propose that the ads appear above the most profitable city within reach for a full minute before moving on to the next city.And an estimated $2 million could be made each day with this approach, so the whole thing could be paid off in about a month, the scientists argued.A single fleet of CubeSats could operate in this fashion for “several months” depending on the configuration (配置), they wrote. Space-based ads may be feasible, but they'd spoil our natural, unobstructed views of space.That our cities are already flooded with light pollution and ads on the ground is hardly an excuse to embark on such an attempt.Here's hoping that sensibility will win and that ads for soft drinks and fast food stay on the ground. [语篇解读]　本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了一项通过立方体卫星在高空展示广告的研究。 5．How can money be earned according to paragraph 1? A．By using bright CubeSats. B．By displaying ads formed by CubeSats. C．By damaging views of the night sky. D．By putting up lights high above Earth. 答案：B 6 7 5 8 细节理解题。根据第一段中的“A study conducted...advertisements high above Earth.”可知，通过立方体卫星在高空展示广告，能够赚数百万美元。故选B。 6 7 5 8 6．What does the new study aim to find out? A．Why space advertising can be influential. B．How advertising can be carried out in space. C．Which cities will welcome space advertising. D．Whether space advertising has a commercial value. 答案：D 6 7 5 8 推理判断题。根据第二段中的“The purpose of the new study...in the sky above cities”可知，这项新研究想要了解太空广告是否具有商业价值。故选D。 6 7 5 8 7．What is Jonathan McDowell's concern about space advertising? A．It might cause light pollution in some places. B．The advertising messages might be confusing. C．It might be difficult to localize advertising messages. D．The advertising messages might be affected by sunlight. 答案：A 6 7 5 8 推理判断题。根据第四段中“brightness of these solar...other places and times”可知，Jonathan McDowell担心太空广告会给其他地方造成灯光污染。故选A。 6 7 5 8 8．What's the author's attitude towards space-based ads? A．Unconcerned. B．Disapproving. C．Curious. D．Supportive. 答案：B 6 7 5 8 观点态度题。根据最后一段中的“Here's hoping that sensibility...stay on the ground.”可知，作者对于太空广告持否定的态度。故选B。 6 7 5 8 Ⅳ.完形填空 For a little girl growing up in Colombia in the 1980s, a science career with NASA may have seemed like setting foot on a faraway planet. 1 ， Diana Trujill has made it—she is a(n) 2 now, leading a 45-person team that's responsible for the robotic arm of the latest Mars rover.Born in 1983, even as a young girl, Diana was certain of her passion for science.When she was 17, her dad offered to send her to Miami, Florida to study Aerospace Engineering.Without any 3 ， she followed her dad's 4 ．Arriving in the U．S.with just $300, Diana had to 5 through school by doing a series of housekeeping jobs.The 6 was definitely not easy, but Diana never complained. Then came another 7 moment for Diana.One of her professors casually mentioned an astronaut they were acquainted with. 8 she was “just one person away from knowing an astronaut” was all it took to 9 Diana's career goals.So she 10 her studies in space science and 11 became the first Hispanic (拉丁裔的) woman to be admitted to the NASA Academy in 2007.Since then, Diana has worn many hats at America's space agency. But Diana hasn't 12 there.She also leads by example, 13 women to pursue careers in STEM fields.Her own story is a 14 that just beyond that barrier lies an entire universe of opportunities waiting for anyone willing to work hard enough to 15 the stars. [语篇解读]　本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了在哥伦比亚长大的Diana Trujill克服重重困难，成为美国宇航局的一名工程师，领导团队负责火星探测器的机械臂的故事。 2 3 1 4 1．A.Therefore B．Instead C．However D．Moreover 答案：C 根据上文“For a little girl growing up...on a faraway planet.”和下文“Diana Trujill has made it”可知，对于Diana Trujill这样身份的女性来说，在美国宇航局从事科学事业是不可能的事情，但她却做到了，上下文构成转折关系，应用However“然而”衔接。故选C。 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 2．A.astronaut B．engineer C．pilot D．doctor 答案：B 根据下文“leading a 45-person team...study Aerospace Engineering”可知，Diana Trujill领导着一个45人的团队，负责最新火星探测器的机械臂，而且学的是航空航天工程，因此她应该是一名工程师。故选B。 2 3 1 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 3．A.hesitation B．complaint C．expectation D．promise 答案：A 根据上文“Born in 1983...her passion for science.”可知，在Diana还是个小女孩的时候，就对科学充满了热情，因此她会毫不犹豫地接受父亲提出的建议，固定短语without hesitation意为“毫不犹豫地”。故选A。 2 3 1 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 4．A.command B．footstep C．request D．suggestion 答案：D 根据上文“her dad offered to...study Aerospace Engineering”可知，此处指父亲提出的送Diana去学习航空航天工程的建议。故选D。 2 3 1 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 5．A.go B．pass C．struggle D．push 答案：C 根据上文“with just $300”和空后“by doing a series of housekeeping jobs”可知，Diana当时经济比较困难，得做很多家政工作来赚钱，由此可知，她是艰难地完成了学业，固定短语struggle through意为“艰难地度过”。故选C。 2 3 1 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 6．A.mission B．career C．adventure D．process 答案：D 根据上文“Arriving in the U．S....a series of housekeeping jobs.”可知，此处指Diana通过打工赚钱来完成学业的过程。故选D。 2 3 1 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 7．A.risk-taking B．life-changing C．time-consuming D．energy-saving 答案：B 根据下文“ 8 she was...Diana's career goals.”可知，Diana由此更坚定地追求自己的职业目标，所以是经历了另一个改变人生的时刻。故选B。 2 3 1 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 8．A.Realizing B．Remembering C．Imagining D．Assuming 答案：A 根据上文“One of her professors...knowing an astronaut”可推知，教授不经意提到的事情让Diana意识到了自己离认识宇航员其实很近。故选A。 2 3 1 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 9．A.record B．share C．inspire D．finish 答案：C 根据上文“she was ‘just one person away from knowing an astronaut’”可知，自己离认识宇航员其实很近这样的想法会激励Diana，让她继续努力学习。故选C。 2 3 1 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 10．A.started B．abandoned C．suspended D．continued 答案：D 根据上文“to study Aerospace Engineering”和下文“became the first Hispanic...the NASA Academy in 2007”可知，Trujill一开始学的就是空间科学相关的专业，后来她真的被美国宇航局学院录取了，因此她是继续学习这个专业。故选D。 2 3 1 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 11．A.immediately B．eventually C．gradually D．suddenly 答案：B 根据上文叙述的Diana克服经济困难，努力完成学业，以及在教授不经意提到的事情的启发下继续学习的过程可推知，此处指这个过程的结局是她最终成为第一位被美国宇航局学院录取的拉丁裔女性。故选B。 2 3 1 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 12．A.left B．succeeded C．stopped D．reached 答案：C 根据下文“She also leads by example”可知，Diana还做了其他的事情，因此并没有就此停止。故选C。 2 3 1 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 13．A.encouraging B．promising C．allowing D．persuading 答案：A 根据上文“She also leads by example”可知，Diana以身作则，因此是通过自己的故事来鼓励女性从事STEM领域的工作。故选A。 2 3 1 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 14．A.symbol B．notice C．warning D．reminder 答案：D 根据上文叙述的在哥伦比亚长大的Diana Trujill克服重重困难，成了美国宇航局的一名工程师可推知，她的故事给予我们的是正面的提醒，告诉我们努力可以助力实现梦想。故选D。 2 3 1 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 15．A.stare at B．reach for C．long for D．come after 答案：B 根据上文“lies an entire universe...work hard enough to”可推知，此处是用Diana追寻太空梦的故事激励追寻梦想的人，想要伸手去够星星的人，只要努力工作，就有大量的机会实现梦想。故选B。 2 3 1 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 $$