U2 Period 1 Understanding ideas-【优化探究】2025-2026学年新教材高中英语选择性必修第三册同步导学案配套PPT课件（外研版）

选择性必修第三册 Unit 2　A life's work (主题语境：人与社会——对社会有突出贡献的人物) 【单元知识目标】 重点单词 pose; grocery; fashion; uncomplicated; celebrity; trial; propulsion; precious; antique; restoration; maximum; polish; bark; preserve; essay; dominate; architecture; ambitious; associate; analysis; comprise 重点短语 nothing more than; pose for; as much as; fascination with; devotion to; put...into; regardless of; not once; approach to; have a passion for; back down; at one's own pace; day in, day out; originate from; range from...to; bring...back to life; neither...nor; pass on...to; take on; take up; by trial and error; think outside the box 单元语法 表语从句 单元写作 人物介绍类说明文 【单元话题词汇】 Period 1　Understanding ideas—Reading comprehension 内容索引 NEIRONGSUOYIN 必备知识 自主探究 课时作业 巩固提升 必备知识 自主探究 Part 1　教材原文助读   Life Behind the Lens① [标题赏析]　该标题中的Life有两层含义。一是理解为“生活”，即摄影师Bill Cunningham镜头下的平民百姓的生活状态；二是理解为“一生”，Bill Cunningham是一位社会现象的“观察者”，表明了他对摄影职业一生的热爱。 A white-haired② old man riding an ordinary bicycle around the streets of New York，always wearing the same blue worker's jacket and simple black running shoes.If you saw him, you'd never think there was anything remarkable③ about him.And yet every member of New York's wealthy high society④ wanted nothing more than⑤ to pose⑥ for this man. [语言特色]　本句采用了照片说明文字的描写方式，能使读者的关注重点立刻落在主语a white-haired old man上，突出Bill Cunningham的人物形象特征。 ①lens/lenz/n.[C](照相机、摄像机的)镜头 ②white-haired adj.(老者)白发苍苍的 [构词法]　white-haired是由“形容词＋名词-ed”构成的复合形容词。 [学以致用]　请列出本部分出现的其他复合形容词： ordinary-looking， technologically-advanced， world-famous ③remarkable adj.非凡的，奇异的，显著的，引人注目的 ④high society上流社会 ⑤nothing more than只不过是 ⑥pose/pəʊz/vi.(使)摆好姿势vt.造成(威胁、问题等)n.[C]姿势 pose a threat/challenge/danger/risk(to...)(对……)构成威胁/挑战/危险/风险 镜头背后的人生 一位白发老人总是穿着同一件蓝色工装夹克和样式简单的黑色跑鞋，骑着一辆普通的自行车在纽约街头穿梭。如果你看到他，你不会觉得他有任何引人注目的地方。然而，纽约富裕的上流社会中每一个人都想着对他摆姿势、请他拍照。 This ordinary-looking man was Bill Cunningham，one of the most important American photographers of the last 50 years. 此处为Bill Cunningham的同位语。 这位看起来普普通通的人就是比尔·坎宁安，美国近五十年来最重要的摄影师之一。   What made Cunningham so great? It certainly wasn't the use of expensive, technologically-advanced equipment⑦. Cunningham always used simple, relatively⑧ cheap cameras and took all his pictures on the streets of New York, not in a studio.Nor was it a wide range of⑨ contacts⑩ and connections⑪. Although he always knew where fashionable⑫ parties and events were happening， Cunningham liked to photograph ordinary people in the poor Bronx as much as VIPs in rich Manhattan.He found inspiration where others could not，in simple, everyday scenes， such as a man buying oranges at the local grocery⑬ store, or a woman riding⑭ home on the graffiti-covered subway.These things were real, and it was within their reality that Cunningham saw both beauty and potential⑮．Through his fascination with⑯ what people were wearing，and not who they were 10, he opened the doors of fashion⑰ to everyone—fashion as he saw it 11 belonged to the people, not just to high society and big brands. 此处为强调句型的省略形式，是对上一句话作出的应答，其完整形式为“It certainly wasn't the use of expensive，technologically-advanced equipment that made Cunningham so great.”。 否定副词nor位于句首，句子用倒装语序。 although在此引导让步状语从句，其中包含一个where引导的宾语从句，作knew的宾语。 此处为where引导地点状语从句，修饰谓语动词found；could not后省略了find。 动词-ing短语作后置定语，分别修饰a man和a woman。 本句是and连接的并列句。“it was within...potential”是强调句型，强调介词短语within their reality。 10 此处为and连接的两个宾语从句，作with的宾语。 11 as sb. see it/the way sb.see it依某人看；照某人看　　 ⑦technologically-advanced equipment技术先进的设备 advanced adj.(技术和理念)先进的 ⑧relatively adv.相当地，相对地 relative adj.相比较而言的，比较的 ⑨a wide range of各种各样的 range n．[C, usually sing.]一系列 ⑩contact n．[C]熟人，(尤指)社会关系；[C，usually pl.]会见，交往，人际关系 ⑪connection n．熟词生义[C，usually pl.]有社交或业务关系的人(或机构) ⑫fashionable adj.熟词生义时髦人物使用的，(尤指)有钱人常光顾的 ⑬grocery/'ɡrəʊs(ə)ri/n.(NAmE usually also grocery store)[C]食品杂货店 ⑭ride vt.& vi.熟词生义搭乘，乘坐 ride the subway/an elevator/the bus乘地铁/电梯/公共汽车 ⑮potential n．[U]潜力，潜质adj.(只作前置定语)潜在的，可能的 achieve/fulfill/reach one's (full) potential(充分)发挥某人的潜能 ⑯fascination with/for...对……入迷/着迷 fascination n．[U, sing.]入迷，着迷；[C, usually sing.]魅力，极大的吸引力 [派生构词]　fascinate(vt.& vi.迷住)＋-ion(名词后缀，意为“……行为；……状态”)→fascination(n.) ⑰fashion/'fæʃ(ə)n/n.[U，C]时尚，(衣服、发式等的)流行款式，时兴式样 come into fashion流行，开始风行 be/go out of fashion不流行，过时 是什么使得坎宁安享有如此盛誉？当然不是因为他用了昂贵、技术先进的设备。坎宁安总是使用简单、相对便宜的相机，他所有照片的拍摄地都是纽约的街头，而不是摄影棚。也不是因为他交友广泛，识人无数。尽管坎宁安总是知道时尚派对和大型活动在哪里举行，但无论是在贫穷的布朗克斯拍摄普通人，还是在富裕的曼哈顿拍摄贵宾，他都同样喜欢。他能在一些简单的日常场景中得到其他人无法得到的灵感，比如一个在当地杂货店买橘子的男人，或是一个乘坐画满涂鸦的地铁回家的女人。这些东西都是真实的，正是在这种真实中，坎宁安看到了美好和潜质。他通过对人们穿着的迷恋，而不是关注这些人是谁，向所有人打开了时尚的大门——在他看来，时尚属于大众，而不仅仅属于上流社会和大品牌。 Moreover, what made Cunningham great was his devotion to photography, and the hours and hours of sheer hard work he put into⑱ his work.12 Cunningham would go out onto the streets of New York each and every⑲ day，regardless of the weather.He would even stay outside in a storm, not coming back until he knew he had the right photos 13.He hardly ever took a day off⑳ and not once㉑ stayed home sick.This devotion and hard work is what we see reflected within his photos 14.This is what makes them so special. 12 本句为主从复合句，what在此引导主语从句并在从句中作主语。he put into his work是省略了关系代词that/which的定语从句，修饰先行词hard work。 13 画线部分为动词-ing结构作伴随状语。其中“until he...photos”为until引导的时间状语从句，从句中又包含一个省略了that的宾语从句。 14 what引导表语从句，what在从句中作see的宾语。 ⑱put...into...将……注入……，使……融入…… put effort into (doing) sth.耗费精力在(做)某事上 ⑲each and every每一个，无例外(用于加强语气) ⑳take a day off休一天假 ㉑not/never once从未，从来没有 此外，坎宁安的伟大之处还在于他对摄影的热爱，以及他在工作中投入的大量时间和精力。不管天气如何，坎宁安每天都会走上纽约的街头。甚至在暴风雨时，他也会待在外面，直到他认为自己已经拍摄到满意的照片才回家。他几乎从未休过一天假，也从未因病待在家中。我们可以从他的照片中看到这种奉献和努力。这就是使得这些照片如此与众不同的原因。 Although he was a world-famous fashion photographer, Cunningham's approach to life㉒ was uncomplicated㉓.He lived in a small apartment with a shared washroom.A simple restaurant was where he usually had the same meal of sausages, eggs and coffee. ㉒an approach to life一种生活方式 approach n．[C](待人接物或思考问题的)方式，方法，态度 ㉓uncomplicated/ʌn'kɒmplIkeItId/adj.不复杂的，简单的；单纯的 [反义]　complicated adj.复杂的，难懂的 虽然坎宁安是一位世界著名的时尚摄影师，但他的生活方式却并不复杂。他住在一间与其他人共用浴室的小公寓里。他经常到一家简单的餐馆吃同样的食物，有香肠、鸡蛋和咖啡。 　Cunningham never accepted the benefits offered to him 15 for being a fashion photographer.He valued his integrity㉔ and would not be bought㉕ by anyone, no matter how many free clothes or flights to faraway㉖ destinations he was offered 16.And if he went to a celebrity㉗ party, he was there to work rather than have fun.“Money's the cheapest thing，” he once said, then added：“...freedom is the most expensive.” This lack of self-interest㉘ and promotion kept Cunningham focused on his craft, enabling him to capture New York's unique street style 17. 15 动词-ed短语作后置定语。 16 “no matter＋疑问词”引导让步状语从句。 17 动词-ing短语作结果状语。 ㉔integrity n．[U]诚实正直 ㉕buy vt.熟词生义收买，买通，贿赂 ㉖faraway/'fɑːrəweI/adj.遥远的 ㉗celebrity/sI'lebrIti/n. [C]名人，明星 ㉘self-interest n．[U]自私自利 作为时尚摄影师，坎宁安从未接受过这个职业带给他的好处。他珍视自己的正直，不被任何人收买，无论提供给他多少免费衣物或远程航班。而且如果他去参加名流聚会，他是去工作而不是玩乐。“钱是最便宜的东西，”他曾说道，然后又补充说，“……自由是最昂贵的。”对自身利益和升迁毫不关注，这使坎宁安能够专注于自己的技能，捕捉到纽约独特的街头风格。 Cunningham's passion for㉙ photography lasted throughout his life.He was 87 when he passed away, and had been working right up until㉚ his last illness.Nothing ever stopped him from getting the photo he wanted.His hard work made him more than㉛ a fashion photographer—he was a “cultural anthropologist㉜”， who we can thank for recording the life of a whole city and its people over half a century.Bill Cunningham was an observer, and not one of the observed㉝， a worker not a star—and this was how he wanted it. 18 18 [修辞手法]　本句使用了作比较的修辞手法，突显了Bill Cunningham在日常生活中追求俭朴的生活哲学。 ㉙passion for对……的酷爱 passion n．[C]激情；盛怒，激愤；酷爱；爱好 ㉚right up until表示“一直到……”。 right在此处表示强调。 ㉛more than＋n.不仅仅是…… ㉜anthropologist /ˌænθrə'pɒlədʒIst/n.[C]人类学家 ㉝observe vt.观察 the observed为“the＋过去分词”结构，表示一类人。 坎宁安对摄影的热爱贯穿他的一生。他在87岁时与世长辞，一直到最后生病前他都在工作。没有什么能阻挡他拍到想要的照片。他的辛勤工作使他不仅是一名时尚摄影师——他更是一位“文化人类学家”，我们感谢他记录了整个城市及其人民长达半个世纪的生活。比尔·坎宁安是一位观察者，而不是一位被观察者，是一名劳动者而不是一个明星——而这正是他想要的。 Part 2　语篇研析 1．Match the main idea of each part. Part 1(Para.1－2)　　A．Bill's fashion beliefs and devotion to photography. Part 2(Para.3－4) B.A brief introduction to Bill Cunningham. Part 3(Para.5－6) C.Bill's passion for photography. Part 4(Para.7) D．Bill Cunningham's lifestyle and philosophy. Part.1______　　Part.2______ Part.3______　　Part.4______ B A D C 2．What's the main idea of the text? A．A job worth doing. B．Cunningham's early life. C．The value of fashion. D．People's world view. 答案：A 1．What can we learn about Bill Cunningham in this text? A．He liked people posing for him on the streets of New York. B.He never cared about his appearance and liked wearing simple clothes. C．He worked as one of the most important American photographers of the last 50 years. D．He had developed a habit of riding an ordinary bicycle around the streets of New York. 答案：C 2．What are paragraph 3 and paragraph 4 mainly about? A．How Cunningham found his inspiration. B．Cunningham was devoted to photography. C．The reasons why Cunningham was so great. D．The equipment Cunningham used was expensive. 答案：C　 3．What does Cunningham think of fashion? A．It is a trend of the society. B．It is a true reflection of people's lives. C．It is mostly about high society. D．It is the essence of art coming from life. 答案：B 4．What kept Cunningham focused on his craft? A．The good profit. B．The love from high society. C．The lack of self-interest and promotion. D．The trouble of simple life. 答案：C 1．Although he always knew where fashionable parties and events were happening, Cunningham liked to photograph ordinary people in the poor Bronx as much as VIPs in rich Manhattan. [句式分析]　本句为主从复合句。“Although he always knew...were happening”为although引导的________从句，其中“where fashionable parties...were happening”为where引导的_______从句；主句中的as much as意为“和……一样多”，前后为同级比较。 让步状语　 宾语 [翻译]　_________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________________ 尽管坎宁安总是知道时尚派对和大型活动在哪里举行，但无论是在贫穷的布朗克斯拍摄普通人，还是在富裕的曼哈顿拍摄贵宾，他都同样喜欢。 2．Through his fascination with what people were wearing, and not who they were, he opened the doors of fashion to everyone—fashion as he saw it belonged to the people, not just to high society and big brands. [句式分析]　句中“Through his fascination...who they were”为介词短语作_______，其中and为并列连词，连接两个由what和who引导的并列的_______从句；“as he saw”为as引导的___________从句。 状语 宾语 方式状语 [翻译]　________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________________________________ 他通过对人们穿着的迷恋，而不是关注这些人是谁，向所有人打开了时尚的大门——在他看来，时尚属于大众，而不仅仅属于上流社会和大品牌。 Bill Cunningham was one of the most important American photographers of the last 50 years so that every member of New York's wealthy high society wanted nothing more than 1.______ (pose) for him.Cunningham always used simple, 2.____________ (relative) cheap cameras and took all his pictures on the streets of New York.Although he always knew 3.________ fashionable parties and events were happening, Cunningham liked to photograph ordinary people.He found 4.____________ (inspire) where others could not.In to pose relatively　 where inspiration addition, what made Cunningham great 5.______ (be) his devotion to photography.He would even stay outside in a storm, not 6._________ (come) back until he knew he had the right photos.He hardly ever took a day 7.______ and not once stayed home sick. was coming off Although he was a world－famous fashion photographer, Cunningham's approach to life was 8._______________(complicated). Cunningham never accepted the benefits 9.__________ (offer) to him for being a fashion photographer.All his attention was focused on his craft.He passed away at the age of 87 and his hard work made him more 10.__________ a fashion photographer—he was a “cultural anthropologist”． uncomplicated offered than 课时作业 巩固提升 阅读理解 A Brazilian artist Néle Azevedo is best known for big public art pieces.The artist carves hundreds of 20-centimeter-tall ice figures seated with their ankles crossed and places them atop outdoor steps and puts them in city squares all over the world，where they quickly melt.The faceless sculptures drip and stream into small puddles as time passes. Her works have been adopted by environmentalists as a kind of activists' art against climate change. But is it? Yes and (mostly) no. The mass of melting bodies makes a natural connection with the threat humankind faces due to rising global temperatures.“Its close link with that subject is evident，”said the artist.In addition to the threat of global warming itself，the sheer number of sculptures sitting together also calls attention to the fact that we humans are all in it together.“Such kind of threat also finally puts man in his place.His fate is along with the destiny of the planet，and he is not the‘king’ of nature，but an essential element of it，”continues Azevedo on her website. “I took every characteristic of traditional monuments and made the opposite，”she says.“I made small figures that sit on the floor.It doesn't honor anybody.It does honor the unknown.” Azevedo explains，“In a minute action，the rules of the monument are inverted：in the place of the hero，the unknown；in the place of the solidity of the stone，the momentary process of the ice；in the place of the monument size，the minimum size of the perishable (易腐烂的) bodies.”Originally Azevedo wanted her art to get people thinking about impermanence，and the sight of ice transforming into a puddle of water certainly does that brilliantly. [语篇解读]　本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了巴西艺术家Néle Azevedo的冰雕作品，她的作品被环保主义者视作一种对抗气候变化的艺术。 2 3 1 4 1．What can we learn about Néle Azevedo's artworks? A．They are put in public places for artists to appreciate. B.They are adopted as a way of showing artistic talents. C.They are linked with the threat of climate change. D．They are considered as a symbol of unity. 答案：C 细节理解题。根据第一段中的“Her works have ...climate change.”可知，她的作品被环保主义者视为一种对抗气候变化的激进艺术。据此可知，她的作品与气候变化的威胁有关。 2 3 1 4 2．Which of the following can best replace the word “inverted” in paragraph 5? A．Kept track of.　　　　　 B．Turned upside down. C．Laid emphasis on. D．Taken into account. 答案：B 2 3 1 4 词义猜测题。根据第四段中的“I took every ...made the opposite”可知，该艺术家利用了传统纪念碑的每一个特点，并做了相反的东西。根据第五段中的“in the place of the hero ...size of the perishable bodies”可知，在有英雄的地方放无名之人；在石头坚固的地方展示冰的短暂过程；在放置纪念碑的地方放最小尺寸的易腐物体。据此可知，纪念碑规则被颠倒了，画线词inverted和turned upside down意思相近。故选B。 2 3 1 4 3．What can be inferred about the square show from the last paragraph? A．It is permanent by nature. B．It lacks practical influence. C．It takes long to see the results. D．It conveys the artist's exact intention. 答案：D 2 3 1 4 推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“Originally Azevedo ...does that brilliantly.”可知，最初，Azevedo希望她的艺术作品能让人们思考无常，而冰变成水坑的景象无疑成功地做到了这一点。据此可以推知，该艺术家在广场上展示的作品传达了她的确切意图。 2 3 1 4 4．Which of the following can be the best title for the text? A．Public Interest in Contemporary Art B．Ice Figures Transforming into Water C．Responsibility Demanded from Activist Artists D．Mini Sculptures Echoing the Climate Crisis 答案：B 2 3 1 4 标题归纳题。通读全文可知，本文主要介绍了巴西艺术家Néle Azevedo的冰雕作品，她希望通过自己的作品让人们思考无常，冰变成水坑的景象无疑成功地做到了这一点，因此B项“冰人变成水”点明主旨，最适合作本文标题。 2 3 1 4 B Why wouldn't scientists want to try and save the world's largest flower，especially when it，Rafflesia，is their country's national flower? However，when you add to the fact that the world's largest flower is also the world's smelliest，then suddenly the “panda of the plant world” begins to look more like a headache. Sofi Mursidawati，a PhD in agriculture at the Bogor Botanical Gardens on the island of Java，is one of the world's leading experts on this strange flower，and her efforts to build a body of knowledge that will allow for the creation of the flower into the future could save it from extinction.Rafflesia has no leaves，roots，or stems，but rather only one giant，one-meter-long，20-pound bloom that smells like rotting meat.Found only in the rainforests of Sumatra and Borneo，its artificial creation in the face of habitat loss is a problem. With seeds the size of grains，pollinated flowers infect a kind of vines (藤本植物) called Tetrastigma，before slowly growing over many months into an enormous cabbage-sized bulb.The curiosities don't end there.In fact，it barely qualifies as a plant.It branched away from having genetics that code for photosynthesis (光合作用) millions of years ago，and relies entirely upon its host—the vines for energy. Just as it's difficult to get pandas to breed，Rafflesia is a pain in the neck，as the blooms last only a week.After collecting Rafflesia seeds，and a variety of Tetrastigma vines，it took Mursidawati four years to welcome the first smelly flower into the Bogor Botanical Gardens.A decade later，the work was still slow going.However，the creation is doing one thing very well：creating specimens (样本) to send to botanic gardens around the world，creating what will likely be the strange flower's greatest chance for survival. [语篇解读]　本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍爪哇岛茂物植物园的农业博士Sofi Mursidawati正在研究能拯救世界上最大却最难闻的花的方法。 5 6 7 8 5．What can we learn from paragraph 2? A．Rafflesia is different from common plants. B．It's a problem for Rafflesia to live in the rainforests. C．Rafflesia has already been saved from extinction. D．Sofi Mursidawati has created Rafflesia successfully. 答案：A 推理判断题。根据第二段第二句可知，Rafflesia没有根、茎、叶，和一般的植物不一样。故选A。 5 6 7 8 6．Where does Rafflesia get its energy? A．From the sun.　　　 B．From its host. C．From the earth. D．From the air. 答案：B 5 6 7 8 细节理解题。根据第三段中“It branched away from...relies entirely upon its host—the vines for energy.”可知，Rafflesia是从它的宿主中获取能量的。故选B。 5 6 7 8 7．What does the author think of creating Rafflesia? A．Meaningless. B．Simple. C．Attractive. D．Challenging. 答案：D 5 6 7 8 推理判断题。根据最后一段中“Just as it's difficult to get pandas to breed，Rafflesia is a pain in the neck...the work was still slow going.”可推知，人工培育Rafflesia是极其困难的，即挑战性很强。故选D。 5 6 7 8 8．Which of the following is a suitable title for the text? A．The World's Largest Flower Is Endangered B．Rafflesia Becomes World's Largest Flower C．A Woman Scientist Creates Various Flowers D．A Woman Scientist Races to Save World's Largest and Smelliest Flower 答案：D 5 6 7 8 标题归纳题。通读全文，尤其根据前两段可知，文章主要介绍爪哇岛茂物植物园的农业博士Sofi Mursidawati正在研究能够拯救世界上最大却最难闻的花——Rafflesia的方法。故选D。 5 6 7 8 $$